APPLICATIONS

Ontology search engine: Searching useful information and locating appropriate Ontology from WWW or Semantic Web is an important task in Ontology research domain. The search engine based on the concepts weights vectors matching algorithm (CWVMA).WI OntoSearch prototype system. The system can search about 4 billion web pages by Google Web Service. A lot of results of experiments explain the algorithm can improve precision of Ontology search. A large number of experiments results show the algorithm has very good effect on improving precision of Ontology search.

Semantic search engine: The semantic search engines, will not be based merely on a word index. They will be able to understand the meaning of the content on the Web pages and carry out logical reasoning on them to perform complex search queries and return accurate results.Ontology editor, ontology mapper, ontology translator, Web page annotator, ontology crawler, Web crawler, query builder, knowledge base, and inference engine are the basic components of the semantic search engine.

Semantic search engine based on ontologies: Semantic search requires a search engine to properly interpret the meaning of a user's query and the inherent relations among the terms that a document contains with respect to a specific domain. A framework is proposed of such a search engine based on domain ontologies. In this framework, a search request, which can be either a keyword list as in traditional search methods or a query in complex form containing various restrictions to the search, is first processed by a query parser which then finds qualified RDF triples in domain ontologies. An extended term-document matrix is built to reflect the relevance between documents, concepts/individuals, and terms. Such a matrix makes it possible for the search engine to work even in case that there are no available domain ontologies for user requests. Compared with traditional search engines, our system can significantly improve the precision and recall of Web searches when necessary domain ontologies are available.

Relation based search engine: Instead of caring about the semantics of information,

the machine on the current Web cares about the location and display of information only. Because of this shortcoming of the current Web, the search results by even the most popular search engines cannot produce satisfactory results. a prototype is proposed on the relation-based search engine, OntoLook, which has been implemented in a virtual Semantic Web environment.

Semantic video search engine: The basis for the engine is a semantic indexing process which is currently based on a lexicon of 491 concept detectors. To support the user in navigating the collection, the system defines a visual similarity space, a semantic similarity space, a semantic thread space, and browsers to explore them.

Semantic Web Search Engine for Multimedia Content Retrieval: This search engine makes use of semantics, or the meaning of queries, to retrieve relevant results. The SCORDRA engine makes use of the Sharable Content Object Reference Model (SCORM) to bring together relevant data stored in the form of Sharable Content Objects (SCOs). This Semantic Web Search Engine will allow the user to enter a query, and deliver a multimedia presentation that answers the query.

Semantic-Based Intelligent Search Engine for Chinese Documents: To overcome the shortcomings of traditional search engines, advocates a prototype of semanticbased search engine, called CRAB. By combining technologies of Semantic Web, Information Extraction (IE), Natural Language Processing (NLP) and a novel themebased method, this framework can extract factual knowledge from Chinese natural language documents automatically. Instead of list of document links, results of users query request returned from CRAB are semantically coherent reports generated intelligently, which can satisfy users greatly.

Semantic text-image search engine for car designers: The Trends Research ENabler for Design Specifications (TRENDS) system integrates flexible contentbased image retrieval facilities with database management and other useful functionalities that aim at improving the inspirational information gathering process in the early design stages.

The main innovation is related to the content based image and semantic text information search engines and to the integration of the elements under a cutting edge user interface specially designed to fulfill the designers requirements. It aims at making easier the inspirational process of designers, which usually implies the investment of lots of hours looking for information in magazines or in the website.

Semantic search engine for spatial web portals: Spatial Web Portals have

dramatically improved the sharing, exchanging and interoperating of Earth Science data, information and services. Currently, huge amount of geospatial data, metadata, and web services have been collected, catalogued, and made available through SWPs to serve a broad user community. However, most search engines in SWPs are based on keyword matching, which cannot effectively understand the meaning of users queries, especially when a user has limited Earth science knowledge. First, it provides users a uniform platform to search, view and operate spatial information. Second, the main components especially those for ontology and semantic reasoning are coupled loosely, which would be easy to inherit ontologies of other domain into the semantic search engines.

Customizable Search Engine with Semantic and Resource Aggregation

Capability: There is a need for specialized search engines focused on specific disciplines that can use domain knowledge to guide the user to find exactly the resources they are searching for. In addition, these engines should be able search multiple and heterogeneous resource catalogs simultaneously and aggregate results from these catalogs. Noesis, a customizable search engine with semantic and resource aggregation capabilities. The Noesis search engine presented in this paper uses ontologies to associate semantic information with the search process. It provides a guided refinement of search queries producing successful searches and reducing the users burden to experiment with different search strings.

Image Semantic Search Engine: Current search algorithms or methodologies mostly depend on keywords matching process, which could be effective for text search while not efficient for keywords-lacking or non-text search scenarios. A new approach is introduce

that attaches content description index based on RDF standard to web images in order to achieve converting unstructured information search into structured information search. By injecting the Web 2.0 feature-Wisdom of Crowds, the engine has the characteristics of selflearning: as users amount increases, the knowledge base for semantic content of images accumulates, which makes the search engine more and more intelligent for search and semantics reasoning.

Semantic computing: Semantic Computing extends Semantic Web both in breadth and depth. It bridges, and integrates, technologies such as software engineering, user interface, natural language processing, artificial intelligence, programming language, grid computing and pervasive computing, among others, into a complete and unified theme. Semantic Computing and Cloud Computing are two complementary aspects of a service-based architecture. Semantic Computing addresses Content and Intentions. Cloud Computing, on the other hand, is more industrialized; not too many semantic features have been involved. More attentions have been paid on how data are duplicated, how to utilize data and services efficiently, and how to achieve cost-effective solutions. SSE, as an infrastructure and implementation of Semantic Computing, can bring advantages to Cloud Computing and help the Cloud Computing community to grow more quickly.

Semantic-based Search Engine for Traditional Medical Informatics: Current search engines cant satisfy the requirements of informatics search in knowledge-intensive disciplines like medicine and biology. Before getting breakthrough in AI or NLP, we can use the Semantic Web techniques to solve the problem to some extent. TCMSearch is a semanticbased search engine for traditional medical informatics. In TCMSearch, We harness the semantic technique to improve informatics search experience in several aspects. It distinguishes itself from other search engines by providing domain-specific segmentation, statement-based index and semantic-based search.

Improving Recall and Precision of a Personalized Semantic Search Engine for E-

learning: An architecture is proposed that provides, manages, and collects data that permit high levels of adaptability and relevance to the user profiles. In addition, this architecture is implemented on a platform called HyperManyMedia, an information retrieval system that utilizes ontologies as models to provide semantic information.

 Search Engine for Mobile Devices Based Chinese Semantics and Reasoning: A prototype design and an infrastructure framework is proposed, from which people can inquire and organize web resources based on Chinese semantics to do some reasoning. Focus is on Ontology technology to build search engines in order to make computer understand the users' query. When it comes to the fundamental feature of search engine in mobile devices, some improvements are done concerning precision rate, recall rate and response time. Web Search Engine-Based Approach to Measure Semantic Similarity between Words: Measuring the semantic similarity between words is an important component in various tasks on the web such as relation extraction, community mining, document clustering, and automatic metadata extraction. An empirical method is proposed to estimate semantic similarity using page counts and text snippets retrieved from a web search engine for two words. Specifically, various word co-occurrence measures are defined using page counts and integrate those with lexical patterns extracted from text snippets. To identify the numerous semantic relations that exist between two given words, novel pattern extraction algorithm is proposed and also a pattern clustering algorithm. The optimal combination of page countsbased co-occurrence measures and lexical pattern clusters is learned using support vector machines. The proposed method outperforms various baselines and previously proposed webbased semantic similarity measures on three benchmark data sets showing a high correlation with human ratings. Moreover, the proposed method significantly improves the accuracy in a community mining task.

Semantic Search Engine System for Apparel: Compared with traditional search engine, DASSE use definite semantic XML markers, its program can understand the meaning of concepts and their relationship. In distributed environment, it shows good data comprehensive adaptation. For customers, it implements search in entire internet according to personalized dressing requirements so as to satisfy customers as possible as it can. For partners on a supply chain, it is important understanding the request and changing characteristics ofcustomers, so that they can cooperate and response market needs as quick as possible. This kind of search engine provides a new tool for supply chain cooperation under electronic business emulation induction, the adaptation is limited.

Web Service Discovery Research and Implementation Based On Semantic Search Engine: As traditional Web Service discovery technology is only based on keyword matching, recall ratio and precision is very low, but traditional Web Service discovery strategy with search engine technology and semantic web technology can be combined. It makes syntax level keyword matching more precisely and add semantic information to services additionally. Final service result list is weighted by keyword matching and service semantic vector, so it has improved service recall ratio and precision greatly.

Semantic Annotation in Academic Search Engine: Web information can be given more explicit meanings through semantic annotation, so that computer can understand and deal with the information automatically, which is important to improve recall ratio and precision ratio of search engine. Different from traditional search engine that depends on keyword, Semantic retrieval establishes a unified model of semantic annotation documents and optimizes the query results. However, the current semantic web technology is still in an early stage of development, and it is still research-oriented mainly, no large-scale commercial application appear in this field till now. SWISE: Semantic Web based Intelligent Search Engine: Most of the search engines search for keywords to answer the queries from users. The search engines usually search web pages for the required information. However they filter the pages from searching unnecessary pages by using advanced algorithms. These search engines can answer topic wise queries efficiently and effectively by developing state-of art algorithms. The main focus of these search engines is solving these queries with close to accurate results in small time using much researched algorithms. Semantic Similarity Measure in Biomedical Domain Leverage Web Search Engine: Semantic similarity measure plays an essential role in Information Retrieval and Natural Language Processing. A page count based semantic similarity measure is proposed and apply it in biomedical domains. Various similarity scores are defined for two given terms P and Q, using the page counts for querying P, Q and P AND Q. Moreover, a novel approach is proposed to compute semantic similarity using lexico-syntactic patterns with page counts. These different similarity scores are integrated adapting support vector machines, to leverage the robustness of semantic similarity measures.

Web Caching in Semantic Web Based Multiple Search Engines: The ontology for multiple search engines is written such that in this search engine for single query the final result is got from multiple search engines. After getting the user query result clustering can be used. Web cache optimization in search engine can be used to get fast retrieval of user query results.

A Semantic Index Structure for Integrating OGC Services in a Spatial Search Engine: An approach to integrate spatial resources provided by OGC services in an ontology. This resulting ontology (ad-hoc construction) relates political divisions, non-political place names and layers offered by OGC services. Furthermore, semantic awareness has been added to the solution, thus providing a powerful tool for the search engine. So all the index structure is automatically generated by the crawler modules.

Scoring Results in a Geospatial Services Search Engine according to Geographic and Semantic Awareness: An approach is proposed based on IR (Information Retrieval) for building a search engine which helps users to find geographical information, available on the Internet, about different concepts located in a particular administrative division. In this approach, a novel algorithm updates an inverted index, taking into account semantic relationships between concepts which are obtained from ontologies. Furthermore, results are sorted by conceptual and geographic criteria fitting the user query.

Measuring Semantic Similarity Between Digital Forensics Terminologies Using Web Search Engines: A novel approach is proposed of using the Web to measure semantic similarity between two terms x and y in the digital forensics domain. The proposed approach is based on the Euclidean distance, a mathematical concept used to calculate the distance between two points. The proposed DFASSV method focuses on the digital forensics domain. However, a comparison of the DFASSV approach with previously proposed Web-based semantic similarity measures shows that this approach is well suited for digital forensics domain terminologies.

Material Hub: A Semantic Search Engine with Rule Reasoning: A semantic search engine Material Hub that focuses on manufacturing domain. Material Hub adopts semantic
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related technologies to extract, store, query and retrieve the domain information. A novel inference algorithm is proposed, which is suited for this specialized domain. And adopts an improved semantic similarity calculating method as ranking principle to make ranking more practice. Material Hub has been applied in industry with good feedback. Material Hub is a specialized domain search engine with a few ontology files. Dwipa Search Engine: When E-Tourism Meets The Semantic Web: Many tourists search for travel information in the web. Nevertheless, the web often gives irrelevant information. Besides that, a huge size of information in the web and the spread of the information in many different sources make users need more time in searching for information and organizing them from many different sources manually. Semantic web is a solution to solve those problems by providing knowledge based on an ontology. The ontology consists of tourism domain-specific information and stores data of accommodation, attraction, and cultural event in Bali which is one of the main travel destinations in Indonesia. Besides that, a search engine application for e-tourism in Bali, which implements the semantic web, is designed and built using RAP-RDF version 0.9.6 and RDF query language: SPARQL so that the search results conform to the ontology.