Annotated Bibliography Primary Sources: Ahmet Bekir, Palazoglu. "Ataturks Views on Education", MONE Publications, Ankara, 1999.

This source provides primary information about Ataturks views on education, which reshaped Turkey. It was utilized in the construction of the education page under the reformations tab. "Ataturk Speeches | Anatolia History." Anatoliahistory.com | The free encyclopedia about History of Anatolia. http://anatoliahistory.com/2011/07/20/ataturk-speeches/ (accessed October 10, 2012). As a primary source providing both original and translated versions of Ataturks speeches, this source was utilized throughout the website, contributing supporting evidence to solidify our arguments. "Editorial - A More Democratic Turkey - NYTimes.com." The New York Times - Breaking News, World News & Multimedia. http://www.nytimes.com/2010/09/17/opinion/17fri3.html?_r=1& (accessed November 11, 2012). From this primary source editorial we gained a greater understanding of the Turkish situation with the European Union. We cited this website on the Bridging the Gap page when we discussed the European Union and Turkey. "Embassy of the Republic of Turkey: Ataturk." Embassy of the Republic of Turkey. http://www.turkish-embassy.org.kw/ataturkpage.htm (accessed October 18, 2012). From this government webpage, we obtained basic information about Kemalism and its parts. Thus, we utilized this source in the Birth of Kemalism page on our website. "EU Education Progtammes [sic]." Trakya niversitesi. http://www.trakya.edu.tr/trakyaeu/tr_html/tr_en/educationsystem.htm (accessed November 2, 2012). Providing excerpts from original documents and the Turkish constitution, this primary source was essential in order for us to gain an understanding of the educational program Ataturk was pivotal in establishing. Feldman, Noah. After Jihad: America and the struggle for Islamic democracy. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2003.

This book examines Ataturk's reforms in a new light, comparing it to the rise of democracy and political revolutions in the Middle East. We have incorporated this information into the impact section of our website. Finkel, Caroline. Osman's dream: The History of the Ottoman Empire, 1300-1923. New York: Basic Books, 20062005. Finkel's book primarily explores the period of the Ottoman Empire leading up to Ataturk's regime. Consequently, the group used this book mainly for background information. We have also utilized information from the later sections of the book which contain information on Ataturk and the effects of his regime on modern-day Turkey. Figlali, Ethem Ruhi. "Ataturk and the Religion of Islam." Ataturk Arastirma Merkezi Dergisi, March 1993. This primary source thoroughly outlines Ataturks religious reforms, the publics response, and his personal beliefs regarding the religion of Islam, as well as providing several prominent quotes. Goldschmidt, Arthur. A Concise History of the Middle East. 6th ed. Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press, 1999. This book provides an informative, balanced history of the Middle East. It also explores the effects of interconnectivity in the area. This source was essential when conveying the general effect of the Turkish Reformation on the Middle East as a whole in the website. Mango, Andrew. Ataturk: the Biography of the Founder of Modern Turkey. Woodstock, N.Y.: Overlook Press, 2000. As this source is a biography about Ataturk, it contains numerous factoids regarding the Turkish empire especially during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. We utilized this source throughout our website. Mango, Andrew. The Turks Today. New York: Overlook Press, 2006. This source portrays the extensive history that helped shape the modern Turkish state. This information includes Ataturk's profound impact on the world. Thus, we have used this source when investigating Ataturk's role in the Turkish Revolution. "Mustafa Kemal Ataturk Quotes (Author of Nutuk, 1919 - 1927)." Share Book Recommendations With Your Friends, Join Book Clubs, Answer Trivia. http://www.goodreads.com/author/quotes/2793859.Mustafa_Kemal_Atat_rk (accessed November 1, 2012).

This primary source provided us with a multitude of direct quotes from Mustafa Kemal Ataturk. The quotes obtained from the source were incorporated into most pages on our website, principally in order to add depth and historical context to the page. "Mustafa Kemal Ataturk." Ataturk: Creator of Modern Turkey. www.columbia.edu/~sss31/Turkiye/ata/hayati.html (accessed October 30, 2012). This primary source was perhaps one of the most well referenced sources used during the making of our project, and yields useful information regarding Mustafa Kemal Ataturk. It also outlines the foundation of the Turkish Republic, including the myriad of changes he implemented. We used this source throughout our website, chiefly in the reformations section. "Mustafa Kemal Ataturk." Republic of Turkey Ministry of Foreign Affairs. www.mfa.gov.tr/mustafa-kemal-ataturk.en.mfa (accessed October 10, 2012). From this government site, we obtained background information regarding Ataturk's rise to power and reforms. Its concise language made it easy to comprehend and further clarified much of the information we had previously read. Thus, we used the information intermittently throughout the webpage. O'Malley, Brendan. "Turkey: Student Faces Jail for Questioning Ataturk." University World News: The Global Window on Higher Education. http://www.universityworldnews.com/article.php?story=20080627103636788 (accessed October 26, 2012). Although we did not pull any direct quotes from this primary source article, we used it as general reference when discussing the impact that Ataturk had upon modern-day Turkey. It was especially helpful in showing how his reforms were re-interpreted as time progressed. Reisman, Prof. Arnold. The Light Millenium - Issue#24, Fall 2010. The Light Millenium: Issue#28 2012. http://www.lightmillennium.org/2010_24th/arnold_reisman_turkish_alphabet_change_19 28.html (accessed November 6, 2012). Within this primary source we found a myriad of vital information concerning Ataturk and the educational changes in his Turkish Republic, focusing specifically on the implementation of the new alphabet. This source was frequently used on the education page. TIME. "Foreign News: The Near East." Time Magazine, March 24, 1923. http://www.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,726976,00.html (accessed November 9, 2012). This primary source article from Time Magazine addresses the general state of the Turkish nation during Ataturk's regime. Consequently, we read this source for background information

before exploring more in-depth sources. As the article was published during the time period being observed in our website, it was incredibly useful in gaining an understanding of foreign relations between Turkey and the rest of the world. TIME. "Turkey: The Land a Dictator Turned Into a Democracy." Time Magazine, October 12, 1953. http://www.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,860057,00.html (accessed October 30, 2012). This primary source article discusses the pivotal reformations that Ataturk implemented, which caused the Turkish Republic to progress as opposed to regress. Consequently, we incorporated this source throughout our website, but especially in the Foundation of the Turkish Republic section of our webpage. TIME. "Turkey: Youth Going West." Time, February 21, 1927. http://www.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,726976,00.html (accessed October 24, 2012). From this primary source article we learned about the creation of the Turkish Republic. Furthermore, since this source was written during the same time period the nation was created, it was instrumental for us to use in the Foundation of the Turkish Republic website. Turkey reinstates YouTube ban| Reuters." Business & Financial News, Breaking US & International News | Reuters.com. http://www.reuters.com/article/2010/11/03/us-turkeyyoutube-idUSTRE6A227C20101103 (accessed November 1, 2012). We utilized this primary source article to understand the internet censorship problem that has arisen in Turkey. We cited information from this article on our Modern-Day Turkey webpage. "Turkiye Buyuk Millet Meclisi." Turkiye Buyuk Millet Meclisi. http://global.tbmm.gov.tr/index.php/EN/yd/icerik/12 (accessed October 14, 2012). The GNA webpage provided us with information regarding Ataturk's role in politics. It described his political stance and elaborated on the Turkish government structure. Consequently, we utilized this source when discussing the support and opposition groups that existed within Turkey. "Where the Ataturk Failed." Economic and Political Weekly 3, no. 19 (1968). http://0www.jstor.org.iii-server.ualr.edu (accessed September 19, 2012). This article attempts to highlight the shortcomings of Ataturk's policy. This information would be especially helpful to us when shaping the opposition section of our project.

Secondary Sources: Ataov, Turkkaya. "The Principles of Kemalism." Ankara University. http://dergiler.ankara.edu.tr/dergiler/44/1567/17013.pdf (accessed October 16, 2012). Although the entirety of this source was well constructed, we only used portions the paper to create our website. Specifically, we utilized this source on the Birth of Kemalism page. "Ataturk Society of America." Ataturk Society of America. http://ataturksociety.org/content.asp?id=3&sID=14 (accessed October 22, 2012). From this source, we obtained a timeline and numerous photographs. We used the timeline to help us formulate the project. On the other hand, we integrated many of the photographs throughout our project. "BBC - History - Kemal Ataturk (1881-1938)." BBC - Homepage. http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/ataturk_kemal.shtml (accessed October 12, 2012). This source contained basic information on Ataturk and his reformations. We utilized this source in two major ways. First, we used it to gain a basic understanding of Ataturk's life. Second, we used this source in the reformation sections of our project. Candar, Cengiz. "Ataturk's Ambiguous Legacy." The Wilson Quarterly 24, no. 4 (1976): 88-96. http://0-www.jstor.org.iii-server.ualr.edu (accessed September 17, 2012). This source analyzes the greater effect of Ataturk's policies, especially its impact after his death. The article also explains how the close relationship that existed between Ataturk and the Turkish military created problems. As a result, we have used this source in our project when explaining the various reactions to Ataturk's fundamental principles. "Kemalism - Oxford Islamic Studies Online." Oxford Islamic Studies Online - Oxford Islamic Studies Online. http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t236/e0440 (accessed October 19, 2012). We used this encyclopedia webpage regarding Kemalism in The Birth of Kemalism section of our webpage. MidEastWeb. "Mustafa Kemal Ataturk." Middle East: MidEastWeb. http://www.mideastweb.org/Middle-East-Encyclopedia/kemal-ataturk.htm (accessed October 26, 2012). This secondary source was utilized in the background section, and provided excellent general information.

Nereid, Camilla. "Kemalism on the Catwalk: The Turkish Hat Law of 1925." Oxford Journals | Humanities & Social Sciences | Journal of Social History. http://jsh.oxfordjournals.org/content/44/3/707.extract (accessed October 14, 2012). The details that were included on this page allowed us to achieve a deeper understanding of the Hat Law of 1925. Thus, we utilized this source to shape the culture page on our website. Ozyurek, Esra. "Miniaturizing Ataturk: Privatization of State Imagery and Ideology in Turkey." American Ethnologist 31, no. 3 (2004): 374-391. http://0-www.jstor.org.iiiserver.ualr.edu (accessed September 17, 2012). Essentially, this article attempts to convey the relationship between the modern Turkish government and the Ataturk administration. Furthermore, the article examines the effects of Ataturk's policies on Turkish citizens. As a result, we utilized this source when shaping the impact section of our project. Taspinar, Omer. "Turkey's Middle East Policies: Between Neo- Ottomanism and Kemalism." Carnegie Papers. http://www.carnegieendowment.org/files/cmec10_taspinar_final.pdf (accessed September 25, 2012). This paper provided us with critical information about Kemalism, which we integrated into our Birth of Kemalism webpage. It clearly and effectively illustrated the key principles of Ataturks ideology. "Timeline of Mustafa Kemal Ataturk | Istanbul-pedia." Istanbul-pedia: Alternate Guide to Istanbul. http://istanbulpedia.wordpress.com/2010/07/26/timeline-of-mustafa-kemalataturk/ (accessed September 25, 2012). We utilized the contents of this secondary source to create our timeline located in the visual section of our website. This site was extremely helpful as it contained a list of the important events in chronological order. Unsal, Artun. "Ataturk's Reforms: Realization of an Utopia by a Realist." Ankara University. http://dergiler.ankara.edu.tr/dergiler/44/685/8712.pdf (accessed November 12, 2012). From this secondary source, we obtained information regarding Kemalism. Consequently, we used this source in the Birth of Kemalism section of our webpage.