Comprehension Strategies - Making connections, questioning, inferring, determining importanc...

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from Strategies That Work, Mosaic of Thought, and Reading with Meaning, this page gives you information on the six comprehension strategies known as making connections, questioning, visualizing, inferring, determining importance, and synthesizing.

Writing Prompts

Teaching School

Online Reading

Reading Skills

Comprehension Strategies
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Making Connections Questioning Visualizing Inferring Determining Importance Synthesizing

I used the anchor lessons found in Strategies That Work: Teaching Comprehension for

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Understanding and Engagement and Reading With Meaning: Teaching Comprehension in the Primary Grades to teach the six comprehension strategies listed above. Those books were my "bible" for teaching comprehension. Below are more resources that will help you plan comprehension instruction! Some tips for teaching these comprehension strategies: Model each strategy whenever you are reading text to or with children, such as during a read aloud, guided reading, content area text, independent reading, etc. Keep anchor charts of your thinking as well as students' thinking. If you are going to use post-it notes, as mentioned in many books, please keep in mind that children will overly concentrate on the post-it notes instead of the strategies themselves. Although post-it notes are great ways to jot down their thinking, expose them to other ways of recording their thoughts, such as a reader's response journal, T-charts, graphic organizers, etc.

Online Reading

Reading Skills

Comprehension

Strategies

Picture Book List for Modeling Strategies Study Guide for old edition of Strategies that Work Mosaic of Thought Study Guide

Strategy Use Tracking Sheet

Reading Strategies Rubric

View the new edition of Strategies That Work online (limited

time).

Major Point Interiews for Readers Reading Comprehension Strategies Chart

Definitions of Strategies

Year Long Plan

Strategies We Use

Comprehension Strategies Chart

Free Lesson Plans

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Children make personal connections with the text by using their schema (background knowledge). There are three main types of connections we make while reading text.
Text-to-Self (T-S) refers to connections made between the text and the reader's personal experience. Text-to-Text (T-T) refers to connections made between a text being read to a text that was previously read. Text-to-World (T-W) refers to connections made between a text being read and something that occurs in the world. It is important to activate children's schema (background knowledge) before, during, and after reading. Text-to-Self Sheet Schema Lesson Making Connections Lessons Text Connections Text-to-World Lesson Making Connections Making Connections Cue Card Making Connections Lesson Text-to-World Lesson 2

Double Entry Journal Text-to-Self Lesson Making Connections

Text-to-World Sheet Text-to-Text Lesson Using Connections

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Page

Poster

Conference Sheet

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Questions help students clarify and deepen understanding of the text they are reading. Teachers should model coding of the different types of questions. Codes for questions vary according to different authors and books on comprehension strategies. Use codes that suit your students' needs. You can even create your own codes with your students' help! Look at this page for more information on this questioning strategy. Another questioning strategy that is similar is Question-Answer Relationships (QAR). Click here for more information.

Example of Thinking Aloud for Questioning Lesson Questioning Web

Questioning Plans

Four Types of Questions Questioning the Text

Questions Form (I Wonder/I Think)

Thin and Thick Questions Lesson

Questioning Toolkit

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Question Strategy Lessons Asking Questions Thinkmark QAR Sheets Questioning Mini-Lessons

25 Mini-lessons on Questioning Asking Questions Chart QAR Lesson

Unit of Study on Questioning

Thick and Thin Projects Asking Relevant Questions QAR Article

Questioning Board QAR Prompts

Questions & Answers

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Mental pictures are the cinema unfolding in your mind that make reading three-dimensional. Visualization helps readers engage with text in ways that make it personal and memorable. Readers adapt their images as they continue to read.

Research paper on Visualization

Professional Development Article on Visualization

Guided Comprehension

Visualization Lesson

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Mind Pictures

Visualization with Poetry

Mental Images Plan

Sensory Imagery Graphic Organizer

Usually referred to as "reading between the lines". This strategy usually involves:
Forming a best guess using evidence -- context clues, picture clues, etc. Making predictions Drawing conclusions Finding meaning of unknown words

Making Inferences Difference between Predicting and Inferring

Suggested Activities for Inferring Inferring Word Chart

Inference Rubric

Inferring Unit of Study

Simple Sentence for Inferencing

Inferring Poem

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Inferring Mini-lessons

People are bombarded daily with information. Knowing the purpose for reading helps determine what's important.
Reader's need to distinguish between: Fiction and nonfiction Important from unimportant information This strategy works great in conjunction with a nonfiction unit of study. Determining Importance Notes for Teachers Nonfiction Unit of Study Determining Importance Nonfiction Conventions Notebook Determining Importance Note Taking Form Determining Importance Handout

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Thinking evolves through a process. Reader's thinking changes as they gather more information. New information makes the reader re-evaluate their schema to form new schema. Here is an excellent picture of synthesis. Click to enlarge.

Synthesizing Notes for Teachers

Synthesizing and Retelling

Synthesis Strategy

Record/Edit /Synthesize/Think (REST) Strategy

Books on Comprehension Strategies

(Place mouse over images for more information.)

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Easy read on comprehension. Written for parents but very useful for teachers!

One of my favorite books!

The book that started it all!!

Great book on how to deepen comprehension-- goes beyond the six strategies.

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