CHAPTER-I INTRODUCTION AND DESIGN OF THE STUDY 1.1.

1 MARKETING A market in general, may be described as a place or geographical area where buyers and sellers meet and function, goods or services are offered for sale and transfer of title of ownership occurs. According to American Marketing Association, Marketing is The process of Planning and conception, pricing, promotion and distribution of ideas, goods and services to create exchanges those satisfy individual and organizational objectives. Marketing is an important function of any business organization. The aim of Marketing is to meet and satisfy the consumers needs and wants. 1.1.2. AUTOMOBILE INDUSTRY The face of automobile industry that was redefined with the invention of fuel-efficient four-stroke engine technology is all set to see dawn of a new era in two-wheeler industry. It's not petrol or diesel or any other fuel, but its electricity that have initiated a revolution in two-wheeler industry in India. Indian two-wheeler Industry has embraced the new concept of Electric Bikes and Scooters that are very popular mode of personal transport in the developed countries like America, Japan and China. With the rising cost of fuel at International and national level, increasing levels of pollution and congestion in transport system specially in Urban areas, higher running and maintenance cost of

vehicle, the electrically charged bikes or scooters have very bright future in area of personal transportation. Automobile Industry is one of the dominant industries in India which had shown dramatic changes. The two-wheelers industry achieved rapid growth in the eighties. This industry benefited by catering to the pent-up demand for affordable personal transport. 21st century is an era of dramatic changes. Every business whether it is manufacturing or service face large amount of problems in marketing their product in the modern business world. Due to changes in the economic, business cultural and political environment consumers regard to changes in their preference. These changes on the part of the consumers may provide either positive (or) negative impact on the business of modern firms. Automobile industry is the indicator of the economic soundness of a nation. The Indian automobile industry is the tenth largest in the world with an annual production of approximately 2 million units. Indian auto industry promises to become the major automotive industry in the upcoming years and the industry experts are hopeful that it will touch 10 million units mark. Indian automobile industry is involved in design, development, manufacture, marketing, and sale of motor vehicles. There are a number of global automotive giants that are upbeat about the expansion plans and collaboration with domestic companies to produce automobiles in India. The industry which is full of potential today is that of two wheeler industry in India.

1.1.3 E-BIKE Introduction An Electric Bike or Scooter is a battery operated vehicle that is very economical with low maintenance cost and zero pollution. Electric two wheelers use the electrical technology of rechargeable battery that converts the electrical energy into mechanical energy. The battery of an EV can be charged easily using a power connection. Electric vehicles are virtually maintenance free. It has no gears, no engine, no belt or chain drive, zero emission, no pollution, electronic start and accelerator, besides it is exempted from the Central Vehicles registration act by the Automotive Research Association of India (ARAI) and does not require any registration or license. These bikes are usually chargeable at 220V which your refrigerator requires. For charging bikes require special adapter. Batteries, Motors and other electrical kits are imported from china and other countries whereas mechanical design and assembly of these bikes are done here. Electric bikes target School students, women and who are under 18 years of age. Following is the review on some of the manufacturers and their products in India

Yobykes: Indus division of Electrotherm a Gujarat based company is the recent player in electric vehicle market. It offers two scooter and four bikes models with the motor power range 200-250W. YO-smart scooter model from Indus come with a very compact dimension. The vehicle weighs less and has a payload of 75kg. YO-smart vehicle clocks a top speed of 25km/hr and the vehicle offers a range/charge mileage of 75km. Charge duration required is 6 8hours. Electrotherms YOBikes are ranged between ` 13,999 and ` 23,249. EKO vehicle: EKO vehicle a Bangalore based company offers EKO cosmic I scooter and EKO bike. This company has been in this business for a long time and has dealers in various locations in India than its counterparts. Battery weighs at 28kgs and has a life of 12000 15000kms. The company offers a rapid charger which will charge the bike at 10 15 minutes (good for intuitional consumers). Cosmic offers a variable mileage depends on your payload. The maximum speed is 40 km/hr and Cosmic noise is less than 60decibel. Cosmic is offered in five colours and is exported many countries. ACE motors: Pune based Ace motors manufacturers E-bike (Electric Bike) and the majority of the components of this bike are imported from China based company Changtong E Bike Company Ltd. The e-bikes from Ace Motors weigh almost 60kg. The bike offers a load-carrying capacity of 100-140 kg. To cover a distance

of 220 km, you need to charge the bike for 6 8 hours at 220 volts. The maximum speed of the bike is 25 km/hr and is priced at ` 26,500. The E-Bike is an original transportation mean for your daily commute. The use of this type of electric vehicle makes you saving money, protecting the environment, and making your ride easy and flexible. E-Bike lets you be autonomous, and makes your travel easier, avoiding traffic jams .Its easier and much more economic to park your E-Bike by using the dedicated free-of-charge bike-parks on the street. While using an E-Bike, you are contributing to air and noise E-Bikes have from 35km up to 70km range in average and the range starts from ` 16000. 1.1.4 PRODUCT FEATURES To begin understanding just what an electric bike is, you should start with your basic bicycle. Nothing complicated. Your classical bicycle, with a conservative number of speeds and none of the bells or whistles. Now, add three things: an Electric Bike motor, a battery, and a controller that activates and regulates the power and electric assistance. With those three items, you have the basics of an Electric Bike. Electric Bikes come in different numbers of speeds, and with different components, just like regular bikes. The Motor: Electric bikes have an external, chain-driven motor mounted on the side of the bike, pulling the rear wheel. Most electric bikes have an internal motor, where the motor is located in the hub of the front or rear wheel. When the motor is located in the hub, it offers a more streamlined package, and also makes it so the bike is less conspicuously an Electric Bike.
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Motors also come in a wide variety of power ratings, from 200W to 700W. Depending on your potential usage of the electric bike, a more powerful motor may be necessary, or it might be completely unnecessary for you purposes. The Battery: Electric bikes generally use one of three types of batteries: lead acid batteries, nickel metal hydride batteries, or lithium ion batteries. More modern electric bikes use either the NiMH or Lithium batteries. Some models of bikes let you pick between one and the other, while others require a very specific battery. The Controller: The controller is what lets you operate the electric assistance that your Electric Bike offers. Controllers come in a variety of styles, and all of them are located on the handlebar for ease of use. There are two main styles of controllers. There are throttle-based controllers, and pedal activated controllers. Throttle-based controllers work with a simple throttle mechanism. The throttle will either be a twist-grip type, or a thumb-press type. With a throttle, you simply pull back or press the throttle to receive the electric assistance. Some electric bikes require nothing more than activating the throttle, allowing you to ride without pedaling. Others require that you pedal gently in order to activate the throttle. This is done to protect the battery over time and to ensure that you get a good range. Pedal activated systems offer electric assistance as you press down on the pedals. There is no throttle present; simply pedaling will do the trick. Electric bikes with pedal activated systems have a controller mounted on the handlebar that lets you adjust the level of assistance that you receive as you pedal. You can dial in the amount of assistance you want, ranging from no assistance to a great deal of assistance.
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Electric Bikes are simple to use, ride, and maintain. They require little maintenance beyond what a standard bike requires. They attract riders from all backgrounds. Constructed of heavy duty steel with a retro look and feel. Step-through frame is easy for getting on and getting off the strike. Features a wider back for added stability for young riders. Rugged 12 inch tire in the front and 8inch tires in the back are filled with air. No-Petrol, No Maintenance and No Pollution. Save money for yourself, your family and for the country.

REASON BEHIND THE PURCHASE OF E-BIKE Here are some of the biggest reasons that our customers purchase Electric Bikes. 1. Clean & Green Electric bikes obviously consume energy, where a conventional bike does not. However, the amount of energy used is very small compared to a moped, motorcycle or car. The only consumables are the batteries, and these can normally be recycled when life-expired. As for energy use, Electric Bikes typically consume fuel at an average rate of 100 to 150 watts of electrical energy. In terms of fuel consumption, an Electric Bike achieves about 290 - 700 liters/kilometer. No other commercially available vehicle can match figures of this kind.
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If it's hard to place these numbers in your own lifestyle, think of a 100 watt electric light bulb burning unnecessarily for an evening - that's enough energy to propel an electrically-assisted bike for 35-70 km. 2. Faster travel In theory a car can average a high speed, but in practice speed often falls below 15km/hr in cities. The problem is congestion - motorcycles get around this to some extent, but they're still confined to the road network. An Electric Bike can maintain a higher average speed than a bicycle but take advantage of the same network of cycle facilities, giving ready access to areas that cars and motorcycles cannot reach. The result is often a faster door-to-door journey time than any other mode. 3. Safety An Electric Bike helps to keep you out of danger. The same applies to road junctions - the faster your acceleration, the sooner you can get out of trouble. 4. Cost Purchase cost is broadly similar to a conventional bicycle, mechanical wear and tear is unlikely to cost more, and electricity is so cheap as to be largely irrelevant, but there is an extra expense in terms of battery depreciation. 5. Personal Fitness Electric bikes are a safe and easy way to get in shape. If heath problems or old age have kept you from the active lifestyle you desire, an Electric Bike is the solution. These bikes allow you to control intensity of your exercise. Over time,
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consistent exercise with an Electric Bike will boost your strength and energy levels. Users tend to make better use of them but more regular use means more exercise for the rider. ELECTRIC BIKES SAFER THAN REGULAR BIKES The truth is, Electric Bikes are actually much safer than regular bikes. The speed cutoff actually keeps the bike at a safe speed. There are also cutoffs built into the brakes, to prevent a dangerous lock-up of the wheel. Electric bikes also tend to be much more stable than standard bikes, with extra weight, suspension, and bigger frames. Riders are much less likely to get into an accident riding an Electric Bike than riding a regular bike. Electric Bike Speed Cutoff Under federal law, an Electric bike cannot travel faster than 20 miles per hour. Because of this, the bikes do not require a license, and they do not accelerate to a point that is considered dangerous by the rider. Having this speed limit is useful in a city. Electric Bikes Have Better Brakes Imagine riding an Electric Bike at top speed when suddenly, a car darts out in front of you. You slam on the brakes, but forget to let up on the throttle. Is the high-powered motor going to overpower your brake pads? Will you be thrown over the handlebars? Luckily, the Electric Bike manufacturers already thought of this, so they built in electrical cutoffs into the brake lines. Whenever a brake is pulled, the motor automatically stops spinning.

This prevents a dangerous situation like the one described above, and it also prevents the motor from wearing down the brake pads sooner than a standard bike. This safety feature is important for city riders who count on their brakes with their lives. TECHNOLOGY FOR THE FUTURE Experience a totally new kind of freedom. 1. Petrol-free future 2. Maintenance-free future No Conventional Engine Lesser wear and tear Low maintenance 3. Pollution-free future Take a deep breath Exhaust fumes are history 4. Free from licenses & registration No waiting to be 18 No registration No Road Tax Just hop on and ride away.

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PERFORMANCE AND SPECIFICATIONS

GENERAL DATA

Range starts from Rs.16000 Length Width Length

PERFORMANCE

1120mm 645mm 1740mm

Maximum Speed Range Per Charge Net carrying Capacity

MOTOR

25km/hour 70km 1 Adult+1Child

Output
BATTERY

Less than 250w

Type
CHARGER

SLA48v/20AH (Sealed Lead Acid Battery)

Charging time
TYRE

6-8 hours

Diameter
REGISTRATION

16

Registration
BREAK

No Hydraulic Disc Brake Drum Brake(110mm)

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Front Rear

1.1.5 MODELS IN E-BIKE

Hero Electric currently has total of 7 model bikes in India. Some of the

popular models includes Zippy, Optima,Maxi, Esprint, Wave DX, Miles, Optima.
Techno Bikes currently has total of 6 model bikes in India. Some of the

popular models includes Eco City Plus,EcoSonic Dx ,Eco City,Eco Sporty, Eco Sonic,Eco Jadoo.
Avon currently has total of 5 model bikes in India. Some of the popular

models include Avon Emagic 022 EB,Avon EBike 022 EB,Avon EPlus 018 EB,Avon ELite 016 EB,Avon EBike VX 022 EB .
Power Bike currently has total of 5 model bikes in India. Some of the

popular models include Power Byke 180,Power Bird,Power Tune,Power Ride,Power Fuel .
Ultra Motors currently has total of 5 model bikes in India. Some of the

popular models includes A2B Metro,Maratho Nlite,Velociti,Marathon, A2B Hybrid.

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 Keve Bike currently has total of 5 model bikes in India. Some of the popular

models include Zes Hanma,Wow No1,Wow,Help,Zes Bike.

Atlas currently has total of 4 model bikes in India. Some of the popular

models include Atlas Angel,Atlas Eco,Atlas Classic,Atlas Ebike .

Nascent Motors currently has total of 4 model bikes in India. Some of the

popular models include Rage,Vogue,Trump,Hawk .

RK Motors currently has total of 4 model bikes in India. Some of the

popular models include Matrix Super,Snappy2.4,Snappy1.8,Matrix.

Genxt Power currently has total of 4 model bikes in India. Some of the

popular models include Evera Plus,Evera,E Royale,PowerX .

Yash currently has total of 4 model bikes in India. Some of the popular

models include Yash Docile,Yash Acute,Yash Pretty,Yash Whiz .

Morello Yamasaki currently has total of 3 model bikes in India. Some of

the popular models include Ripple,Doodle,Punk .

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 Paradise Electro Auto currently has total of 3 model bikes in India. Some

of the popular models include My EBike Foton ,My EBike Classic Neo,My E-Bike Sporty.
Petra currently has total of 3 model bikes in India. Some of the popular

models include Sprint,Envo,Krono . Walkman World currently has total of 3 model bikes in India. Some of the popular models include Princy 350, Princy 500, Princy 450.
Amez currently has total of 2 model bikes in India. Some of the popular

models include Lovely Electric Scooter,Achiever Electric Scooter. Eko Vehicles currently has total of 2 model bikes in India. Some of the popular models include Ev 60,Eko Cosmic . Green Electric currently has total of 2 model bikes in India. Some of the popular models include Windz , Flamz .
Lohia Group currently has total of 2 model bikes in India. Some of the

popular models include Lohia Fame,Oma .

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 Sree Aswini Motors India Pvt L currently has total of 2 model bikes in

India. Some of the popular models include E Go Sport , E Go Mayee.

XS Bike currently has total of 2 model bikes in India. Some of the popular

models include Energy,Big Shark.

Youth Bikes currently has total of 2 model bikes in India. Some of the

popular models include E Coupe,E Trendy.

Cal On Motors currently has total of 1 model bike in India. Some of the

popular models include Elektra 2.5.

Doon Scooter India currently has total of 1 model bike in India. Some of

the popular models include Doon Scooter India.

Ennes India currently has total of 1 model bike in India. Some of the

popular models include Ennes India .

Ev Future currently has total of 1 model bike in India. Some of the popular

models include EvFuture Avf-250.

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Lectrix Motors Ltd currently has total of 1 model bike in India. Some of the popular models include E1.

Sushil Vidyuth Motors currently has total of 1 model bike in India. Some of the popular models include Aettra .

TVS Ebike currently has total of 1 model bike in India. Some of the popular models include Scooty Teenz Electric. Vijaya Value Electric currently has total of 1 model bike in India. Some of the popular models include Vijaya Winnie. RMP currently has total of 1 model bike in India. Some of the popular models include Rahee EBike .

Miracle5 currently has total of 1 model bike in India. Some of the popular models include Miracle . City Byke currently has total of 1 model bike in India. Some of the popular models include City Ride . MANUFACTURERS IN TAMILNADU

Vijaya Value Electric Pvt. Ltd.

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Engaged in manufacturing of Electric Bikes. Address: 19, 2nd Main Road, Chennai, Tamil Nadu - 600 001, India. Kabirdass Motor Company Ltd Engaged in manufacturing of Electric Bikes. Address: Best Cast House, No.16, Poonsmallee High Road, Velappanchavadi, Chennai, Tamil Nadu - 600077, India.

Ampere Vehicle Private Limited Leading manufacturer of all kinds of Electric Bikes. Address: No. 1510, Avanashi Road, Peelamedu, Opposite Varadaraja Textiles, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu - 641 004, India.

E. P. L. Technologies Private Limited Manufacturer and exporter of all kinds of Electric Bike. Address: No. 99, S. P. A. Mount, L. D. D. Road, Little Mount, Saidapet, Chennai, Tamil Nadu - 600 015, India.

Sri Ganesh Electric Bike Manufacturer and supplier of Electric Bikes. Address: 2/4-124, ABI Building, Ponnagar, Salem Road, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu - 637 001.

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 Eco Tech Private Limited Exporters of Electric Bikes. Address: 187 Valluvar Nagar, Dharmapuri, Tamil Nadu - 636 705

China Hui Tong Exporters of all types of Electric Bike. Address: 191/75, Broadway, Chennai, Tamil Nadu - 600 104.

E-BIKES IN COIMBATORE Ampere Vehicles Pvt Ltd Location- Peelamedu, Coimbatore-641004. SRE Balaji Enterprises Location -Saravanampatti, Coimbatore-641035. Kvr Modern Bike Location -Vadavalli, Coimbatore-641041 Green Electric Vehicles Pvt Ltd Location- Near Hope College, Coimbatore-641004.

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1.2

DESIGN OF THE STUDY

1.2.1 Statement of The Problem Man is not happy due to want of needs. So totally satisfied human being can hardly be seen. The reason is that the needs of a person are always directly proportional to his progress. The customer needs differ from person to person. Therefore they require various kinds of fulfillments. Hence the E-Bike has to satisfy all types of customers. So, to measure the customers satisfaction towards E-Bike is an important one. The E-Bike providing various types of Facilities like No License, No Oil change, No Running cost, No Petrol, No Tax registration, Pollution Control etc. The customer expectation differs from person to person. Hence in this study we have taken 150 sample respondents to analyze the satisfaction level of the sample respondents towards E-Bike. 1.2.2 Scope of the study The main focus of this study is to measure the customers' satisfaction towards Electric Bike in Coimbatore City. The study indicates the main expectation of the customers in the future and it mainly focuses on satisfactory level towards various factors like price, mileage, style, resale value, non petrol, no oil change, no running charge, no license, no tax registration, pollution control etc which surrounds E-bike. It also reveals various factors which influence the sample respondents to purchase E-Bike besides other Two-Wheelers and it also reveals the problems faced by the sample respondents by using it. The study also offers various suggestion and recommendation from the sample respondents.

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1.2.3 Objectives of the study

Primary objective: The main objective of the study is to find out the Customer Satisfaction towards E-Bike with special reference to Coimbatore city. Secondary objectives: To study the social-economic characteristics of the sample respondents. To know the factors which influence the respondents to Purchase E-Bike. To study the satisfaction level of the customer about E-Bike. To study the problem faced by the Sample Respondents by using E-bike. To offer Suggestion and Recommendation from the Sample Respondents. 1.2.4. Significance of the study Now a day the automobile products occupy an important role in fulfilling the basic needs of human beings. In our country there is a tremendous change in the automobile business, with observed higher rates of growth economically, industrially and technologically. This had led to good market for automobile products particularly two-wheelers both at domestic as well as global level. When the market is flooded with too many brands of two-wheeler with varied price structure and performance, naturally a choice arises in the minds of customers to select a different model. This study concentrates on the factors that
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influence the customers to purchase the E-Bike, which is the new model in this Era.

Customer awareness about the product has improved considerably in the recent past. Owing to hectic competition in the Indian automobile industry, customers are not in a correct position to identify their right choice of their needy product. Every time new brands with new techniques are introduced in the market due to mushroom growth of new industries. While selecting their right product customers should be more cautious about their brand. So this made the researcher to make a study on the customers satisfaction towards E-Bike in Coimbatore city. 1.2.5 Limitations of the study Though, analyses are undertaken, the study reveals some limitations as under. The researcher faced the problem of unwillingness of the respondents to

answer the questionnaire. Only 150 respondents are taken as sample. So it cannot be applicable

universally. As the collected and interpreted data is only in Coimbatore, the conclusion

cannot be applicable to the total. The study is conducted within a particular period of time. So the collection of information will not be suitable for all times.

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1.2.6 Chapter Scheme The present study is divided into four chapters as follows CHAPTER I : Introduction and design of the study The first part of the introduction chapter deals with the Introduction of Marketing and Electric bike Second part of the chapter deals with the objective, scope and limitations of the study. CHAPTER II : Research Methodology The methodology followed, hypothesis framed, review of Literature etc has been discussed in this chapter. CHAPTER III: Analysis and Interpretations Analysis of statistical data computed from the Questionnaire and the interpretations of the data were made in this chapter. CHAPTER IV: Summary of Findings, Suggestions and conclusion This chapter contains the major findings of various Statistical analysis used in the study for analyzing the data, Finally the study ends with the conclusion along with few relevant constructive suggestions.

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CHAPTER-II
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 2.1 Research Introduction Research Research in common parlance refers to a search for knowledge. One can also define research as a scientific and systematic search for pertinent information on a specific topic. In fact, Research is an of Scientific Investigation. The advanced learners dictionary of current English lays down the meaning of research as A careful investigation or inquiry specially through search for new facts in any branch of knowledge. Methodology The human beings by nature are always interested in knowing more and more. This urge for acquiring more and more knowledge is something innate and ever present. In other words, the human beings are always trying to find the answers to various questions which come up to their minds. This nature of human beings has resulted in an all round improvement in all spheres of human life, namely, social, economical aspect of life. This study is a descriptive one based on the field survey method, primary data were collected from the sample respondents, questionnaires were used for the purpose of data collection. The study uses both primary as well as secondary data. For collecting information from the customers, 150 respondents were chosen for data collection.

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2.2 Type of Research Research methodology is a way to systematically solve the research problem. It may be understood as a science of studying how research is done scientifically. In this study descriptive research type is used, Descriptive research includes surveys and fact finding enquires of different kinds. The main characteristic of this method is that the researcher has no control over variables. He can only report what has happened or what is happening. 2.3 Review of Literature Review of Literature is the study of the prevalent material related to the topic of the research. This helps the researcher to carry out the research successfully. It is further tended to serve as a means of exchanging information with the hope that it could prevent further implications of the respondents to determine what is already known from similar research. The knowledge of research literature is very important for marketing researcher either to prove or disprove his findings with those of literature, has been reviewed and enlisted.
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Christopher Cherry and Robert Cervero, (Institute of Transportation Studies,

Department of City and Regional Planning, University of California.) In their study they reveal that with developing policy on electric bikes with little information about who uses them, why they are used, and what factors influence electric bike travel. This paper probes these questions by surveying electric bike usage in two large Chinese cities, Kunming and Shanghai. Demographic comparisons are made between the different modes and cities as well as differences in travel patterns.
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Electric bike users are found to travel considerably more than bicycle users. Also, most electric bike users would travel by bus if electric bikes were unavailable. This suggests that electric bikes are less of a transitional mode between humanpowered bikes and full-blown automobile ownership, and more an affordable, higher quality mobility option to public transport.
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Christopher R. Cherry,Jonathan X. Weinert and Yang Xinmiao(Civil and

Environmental Engineering, Institute of Transportation Studies, Tsinghua University) in their research they reveal that Electric two-wheelers have become a significant mode of transportation in China in the past decade. Though marketed and publicized by some as zero-emission vehicles, little past research has been done to quantify the environmental impacts of electric two-wheelers in China. This paper quantifies some of the environmental impacts of the production processes and use phase of electric two-wheelers and compares them to the environmental impacts of competing modes, including bicycles, buses, motorcycles and cars. The use phase emissions are quantified geographically with significantly higher emissions in coal rich regions, compared to regions relying more on hydropower. The results shows that electric two-wheelers emit several times lower pollution per kilometer than motorcycles and cars, have comparable emission rates to buses and higher emission rates than bicycles. Lead is one pollutant on which electric two-wheelers perform poorly, because of their use of lead acid batteries.
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E.Laird (1974) clarifies the relative importance of self and ideal self-image to the

purchase intention of consumers. He concludes that self-image and ideal self image tend to be positively correlated in overall subjects, the purchase intentions of some products tend to be more correlated with self image than with ideal self-image.
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Where as in some other products the purchase intention tends to be more correlated with ideal self image.

Murray Keith B and Schalater John L (1990) tested the prediction that goods

and services are associated with important consumer differences with respect to specific risk and product variation perceptions. Results indicate that product attributes can influence risk perception. Greater financial risk and perceived risk was associated with services. Data point to significantly increased perceived convenience, safety and psychological risk associated with the purchase of service.
5

Danial Trediman carried out his project regarding the environmental impacts by

electric bike and he reveals that electric bike offers green urban commuting option.
6

Srinivasan, Narasimhan and Ratchford Brain conducted an empirical test of a

model of external search for automobiles, by considering how perceived risk and perceived benefits affected search. By specifying the role of experience and knowledge in search and by modeling the inter-relationship between the various determinations of search insights into the determinants of search behaviour for consumer, results indicates a linkage between perceived risk and search. Findings are consistent with the view that more knowledgeable consumer structure the purchase problem in complex way and thus see a need for more searches.
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Mukesh Khanna-Seminar on advertising in 21st century has reviewed that the

advertising of the two wheelers leads to product awareness and preference of the repeat purchase of the particular company two wheelers. He also added that there is a huge attractive towards electric bike which has been introduced into the market.
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Richar Dmateo in his study How to get in shape with electric bikes he stated

that Electric bikes are a safe and easy way to get in shape. If heath problems or old age have kept you from the active lifestyle you desire, an electric bike is the solution. These bikes allow you to control intensity of your exercise. Over time, consistent exercise with an electric bike will boost your strength and energy levels. There's a lot to recommend electric bikes, now you can add their health benefits to the list.
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Diana I.Jimeno in his research Electric bike, leave the traffic behind stated that

Personal electric transportation is becoming an increasingly sought after alternative to cars or the subway. Electric bikes are excellent examples of such alternative transportation, they can have power assistance or be fully powered electric vehicles.
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Deepak Sharma in his study A study on consumer interest in Two wheelers

Preferred for E-bike has stated that the customers had ranked pride as their most important consideration in buying new vehicles and also added that the highlighted consumers interest is in pride.
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Dr.N.Nissar Ahmed collected a study on Two-wheelers purchase preference.

He started in his study that why people want to buy Two-wheelers, how they decide the brand to buy and how their decision in implemented and he suggested that if one want to be a market leader in two wheeler should consider various aspects regarding consumer brand preference, brand loyalty, source of information search, motivational factors and post purchase behaviour of two wheelers.

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12

Shane Holthaus stated that most of the peoples come to know about this

electrically charged vehicle and they mainly look over this type of vehicle for safety and there's no doubt that an electric bike helps to keep you out of danger.
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Martin Lamonica stated that our business is already connecting in peoples home

and live with technological appliances. Hence the future growth of the any company is staying ahead of where technology is in peoples live.With the technological improvement the electric bike made the people to be comfortable.
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Jim Rudholm and George Horiuchi in their research stated that the electric

bike is an economical and environmentally friendly method of transportation.And they also stated that this project was carried out because the energy and fuel prices continue to rise hence they want to analyze whether riding through electric bike is economical for the users.
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Anand Prakash of Product Planning Honda Motor Cycle and Acooter

Indiaa(HMS) Pvt Ltd ,in his presentation of Bike Test stated that Peoples are using electric vehicles for a number of reasons hence it indicates that e-bikes are offering users a better alternative to biking.

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2.4 Hypothesis The role of hypothesis is to guide the researcher delimiting the area of research and to keep him on the right track. It also indicates the type of data required and the types of methods of data analysis to be used. It should be very specific and limited to a piece of research in hand because it has to be tested. There is no significant relationship between Gender and price of E-Bike. There is no significant relationship between Age and price of E-Bike. There is no significant relationship between Marital status and price of E-Bike. There is no significant relationship between Monthly Income and price of E-Bike. There is no significant relationship between Nature of Family and price of E-Bike. There is no significant difference between overall satisfaction level of the Sample Respondents. There is no significant variance between age groups of the Sample Respondents. There is no significant variance between Monthly Income of the Sample Respondents. 2.5 Research Design The researcher used the descriptive design. Descriptive research design means describe the nature of particular individuals or groups.
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2.6 Sample Design The researcher must decide the way of selecting a sample or what is popularly known as sample design. In other words a sample design is a design plan determined before any data are actually collected for obtaining sample from a given population. Sampling technique 1. The location The study was conducted at Coimbatore district only. 2. Determination of sample size The size of sample was 150. It was decided arbitrarily. The target groups of the respondents are the users of the E-Bike. The limitation of the time energy and research facilities compelled to limit the size to 150. 3. Sampling technique The study is based on random as well as convenience method of samplings. 2.7 Collection of Data All research needs adequate and accurate data or information. So, the collection of data is the first step in any statistical investigation. There are two types of statistical data, namely, 1. 2. The primary data Secondary data

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1. Primary data For this study, the data was collected using primary data. The primary data are those data, which are collected for first time. It is collected through questionnaire come Interview Schedule. 2. Secondary data The secondary data are those data, which have already been collected, Tabulated and presented in some form by someone else for some other purpose. It is also collected from websites and book references. Method of collecting primary data Questionnaire It is used for collecting data and It consists of standard questions, used for customer survey. Data collected through questionnaire were presented on a master table. From the master table, sub- tables are presented. The various statistical techniques are used to analyze the data collected. 2.8 Period of study The study was conducted during the year 2009-2010. 2.9 Analysis and Tools Percentage analysis Ranking analysis Chi-square test
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 Scaling Technique(LIKERTS SCALE TYPE) Analysis.of variance References 1. Christopher Cherry and Robert Cervero-Mode choice behavior of electric bike users, Transport policy, Volume14, Issue 3, pp 247-257. 2. Christopher R.Cherry, Jonathan X.Weinert and Yang Xinmiao-The environmental Impacts of Electric Bikes, Working paper 2006, UC Berkeley Center For future Urban Transport, Berkeley. 3. E.Laird-Purchase intention difference of consumers who are high and low in need for achievement, proceedings of the third annual Conference of the Association for Consumer Research,pp1-8 4. Murray Keith B and Schalater john L-The impact of services views goods on consumers, Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 1990. 5. Danial Trediman-Electric bike offers green urban Communting option geek gestatt,August 2008. 6. Srinivasan,Narasimhan and Ratchford Brain-An Empirical Test of a model of external search for Automobiles,Journal of Consumer Research,December 1990. 7. MukeshKhanna-Seminar on Advertising In 21st Century,Advertising and Marketing, April 2003

32

8. RicharDmateo-How to get in shape with Electric Bikes,Road Rage,September 2003,pp 5-7. 9. Diana I.Jimeno-Electric Bike leave the traffic Behind,Paradigm Magazine,Quest Publishing,Volume 3 ,no1,pp16-18.

10.Deepak Sharma-A Study on consumer interest in two wheelers preferred for E-Bike Thesis submitted to Bharathiar University. 11.Dr.N.Nissar Ahmed-Two Wheelers purchase preference Indian Journal of Marketing, Volume XXIII Number 2, September 2007,pp 32-37. 12.Shane Holthaus Awareness and Safety IZIP Express, August 2006. 13.Martin Lamonica-Future growth of the Electric bike and its impact on environment Journal of public policy and Marketing, Volume 12,pp 106-118. 14.Jim Rudholm and George Horiuchi-Economical Electric vehicle E-Bike Researches, April 2007. 15. Anand Prakash-Bike Test EV World Journal, April 2008.

33

CHAPTER-III
ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

This chapter is divided into four parts. In first part, the Percentage Analysis was carried out for respondent responses. This analysis was carried out for all the questions mentioned in the questionnaire. The second part deals with Ranking Analysis. The third part deals with Chi-Square Analysis. The chi-square test was used to find out which personal factor or factor has significant influence over the study factors. The fourth part deals with the scaling technique (Likerts scale type) to analyze the satisfaction level of the sample respondents and the fifth part deals with the analysis of variance. 3.1 PERCENTAGE ANALYSIS The expression of data in terms of percentage is one of the simples statistical devices used in the interpretation of business and economics statistics. Percentage is useful chiefly for the purpose of aiding comparison. In this part of the study the percentage analysis was used to depict the general nature of the respondents over

34

the different aspects. This was carried out for each question in the questionnaire. Further, percentages were also calculated. The result was given one by one.

35

TABLE 3.1.1 CLASSIFICATION OF RESPONDENTS ACCORDING TO THEIR GENDER Source: Questionnaire

S.NO. GENDER NO.OF RESPONDENTS PERCENTAGE

1. 2.

Male Female
TOTAL

78 72 150

52% 48% 100%

Interpretation The above Table (3.1.1) indicates that 52% of the sample respondents are Male and 48% of the sample respondents are Female. It is found that majority (52%) of the sample respondents are Male respondents.

36

TABLE 3.1.2 CLASSIFICATION OF RESPONDENTS ACCORDING TO THEIR AGE GROUP

S.NO.

AGE

NO.OF RESPONDENTS

PERCENTAGE

1. 2. 3. 4.

Below 15 15-30 31-45 Above 45

TOTAL

42 60 32 16 150

28% 40% 21% 11% 100%

Source: Questionnaire

Interpretation

37

The above Table (3.1.2) indicates that 28% of the sample respondents are under the age group of Below 15 years , 40% of the sample respondents are under the age group of 15-30 years, 21% of the respondents are under the age group of 31-45 years and 11% of the sample respondents are under the age group of Above 45. It is found that majority (40%) of the sample respondents are in the age group of 15-30 years.

38

TABLE 3.1.3 CLASSIFICATION OF RESPONDENTS ACCORDING TO THEIR EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATION

S.NO.

EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATION

NO. OF RESPONDENTS

PERCENTAGE

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Illiterate School level Graduate Post graduate Others

TOTAL

28 38 40 29 15 150

19% 25% 27% 19% 10% 100%

Source: Questionnaire

Interpretation The above Table (3.1.3) indicates that 19% of the sample respondents are Illiterates, 25% of the sample respondents educational qualification is of School level, 27% of the sample respondents are Graduates, 19% of the sample respondents are Post graduates and 10% of the sample respondents come under the category of Others. It is found that majority (27%) of the sample respondents are graduates.

TABLE 3.1.4

39

CLASSIFICATION OF RESPONDENTS ACCORDING TO THEIR OCCUPATION

S.NO.

OCCUPATION

NO. OF RESPONDENTS

PERCENTAGE

1 2 3 4 5

Student Business Professional Agriculture Others

TOTAL

28 35 31 28 28 150

19% 23% 20% 19% 19% 100%

Source: Questionnaire

Interpretation The above Table (3.1.4) indicates that 19% of the sample respondents are Students, 23% of the sample respondents are Business peoples, 20% of the sample respondents are Professionals, 19% of the sample respondents are Agriculturist and 19% of the sample respondents come under the category of other Occupation. It is found that majority (23%) of the sample respondents are Business peoples.

40

TABLE 3.1.5 CLASSIFICATION OF RESPONDENTS ACCORDING TO THEIR MARTIAL STATUS

S.NO.

MARTIAL STATUS

NO.OF RESPONDENTS

PERCENTAGE

1 2

Married Unmarried
TOTAL

82 68 150

55% 45% 100%

Source: Questionnaire

Interpretation: The above Table (3.1.5) indicates that 55% of the sample respondents are Married and45% of the sample respondents are Unmarried. It is found that majority (55%) of the sample respondents are Married.

TABLE 3.1.6
41

CLASSIFICATION OF RESPONDENTS ACCORDING TO THEIR MONTHLY INCOME

S.NO.

MONTHLY INCOME

NO.OF RESPONDENTS

PERCENTAGE

1 2 3 4

Below-5000 5000-10000 10001-15000 Above 15000

TOTAL

38 41 42 29 150

25% 27% 28% 20% 100%

Source: Questionnaire

Interpretation The above Table (3.1.6) indicates that 25% of the sample respondents Monthly Income are Below 5000, 27% of the sample respondents Monthly Income is between 5000-10000, 28% of the sample respondents Monthly Income is between 10001-15000 and 20% of the sample respondents Monthly Income is Above15000. It is found that majority (28%) of the sample respondents Monthly Income is between 10001-15000.

42

TABLE 3.1.7 CLASSIFICATION OF RESPONDENTS ACCORDING TO THEIR NATURE OF FAMILY

S.NO.

NATURE OF THE FAMILY

NO.OF RESPONDENTS

PERCENTAGE

1 2

Nuclear Joint
TOTAL

88 62 150

59% 41% 100%

Source: Questionnaire

Interpretation The above Table (3.1.7) indicates that 59% of the sample respondents Nature of family is Nuclear and 41% of the sample respondents Nature of family is Joint. It is found that majority (59%) of the sample respondents nature of family is under Nuclear.

TABLE 3.1.8
43

CLASSIFICATION OF RESPONDENTS ACCORDING TO THE NUMBER OF MEMBERS IN THEIR FAMILY

S.NO.

NO.OF MEMBERS

NO.OF RESPONDENTS

PERCENTAGE

1 2 3

Below 3 3-6 Above 6

TOTAL

55 64 31 150

37% 43% 20% 100%

Source: Questionnaire

Interpretation The above Table (3.1.8) indicates that 37% of the sample respondents Family Size is Below 3 members, 43% of the sample respondents Family Size is between 3-6 members and 20% of the sample respondents Family Size is Above 6 members. It is found that majority (43%) of the sample respondents Family Size is between 3-6 members.

TABLE 3.1.9

44

CLASSIFICATION OF RESPONDENTS ACCORDING TO THEIR DECISION MAKER

S.NO. FACTORS NO.OF RESPONDENTS PERCENTAGE

1 2 3 4 5 6

Father Mother Children Spouse Own decision Others

TOTAL

35 20 28 31 18 18 150

23% 13% 19% 21% 12% 12% 100%

Source: Questionnaire

Interpretation The above Table (3.1.9) indicates that 23% of the sample respondents Decision Maker is their Father, 13% of the sample respondents Decision Maker is their Mother, 19% of the sample respondents Decision Maker is their Children, 21% of the sample respondents Decision Maker is their Spouse, 12% of the sample respondents take their Own Decision and12% of the sample respondents Decision Maker is other members. It is found that majority (23%) of the sample respondents Decision Maker is their Father.

TABLE 3.1.10 CLASSIFICATION OF RESPONDENTS ACCORDING TO THEIR SOURCE OF AWARENESS

45

S.NO.

FACTORS

NO.OF RESPONDENTS

PERCENTAGE

1 2 3 4 5

Friends Relatives Neighbours Advertisement Others

TOTAL

31 36 36 29 18 150

21% 24% 24% 19% 12% 100%

Source: Questionnaire

Interpretation The above Table (3.1.10) indicates that 21% of the sample respondents come to know about the E-Bike through their Friends, 24% of the sample respondents are come to know about the E-Bike through their Relatives, 24% of the sample respondents are come to know about the E-Bike through their Neighbours, 19% of the sample respondents are come to know about the E-Bike through Advertisement and12% of the sample respondents come to know about the E-Bike through Other sources. It is found that majority of the sample respondents come to know about the E-Bike through their Relatives (24%) and through their Neighbours (24%). TABLE 3.1.11 CLASSIFICATION OF RESPONDENTS ACCORDING TO THEIR AWARENESS THROUGH ADVERTISEMENT
S.NO. FACTORS NO.OF RESPONDENTS PERCENTAGE

1 2 3

Television Newspapers Radio

46

4 11 3

14% 38% 10%

4 5 6

Pamphlets Malls Other

TOTAL

3 6 2 29

10% 21% 7% 100%

Source: Questionnaire Interpretation The above Table (3.1.11) indicates that 14% of the sample respondents come to know about E-Bike through Television, 38% of the sample respondents come to know about E-Bike through Newspaper, 10% of the sample respondents come to know about E-Bike through Radio , 10% of the sample respondents come to know about E-Bike through Pamphlets, 21% of the sample respondents come to know about E-Bike through Malls and 7 % of the sample respondents come to know about E-Bike through Other sources. It is found that majority (38%) of the sample respondents come to know about E-Bike through Newspapers.

47

TABLE 3.1.12 CLASSIFICATION OF RESPONDENTS ACCORDING TO THEIR MODE OF PURCHASE

S.NO.

FACTORS

NO.OF.RESPONDENTS

PERCENTAGE

1 2 3 4

Through Ready Cash Through financial Institutions Through bank Through employer
TOTAL

46 37 40 27 150

31% 25% 27% 17% 100%

Source: Questionnaire

Interpretation The above Table (3.1.12) indicates that 31% of the Sample Respondents purchase E-Bike Through Ready Cash, 25% of the sample respondents purchase EBike Through Financial Institutions, 27% of the sample respondents purchase EBike through Bank and 17% of the sample respondents purchase E-bike through their Employer. It is found that majority (31%) of the sample respondents purchase E-bike Through Ready Cash.

48

TABLE 3.1.13 CLASSIFICATION OF RESPONDENTS ACCORDING TO THEIR CREDIT PERIOD

S.NO. FACTORS NO.OF PERCENTAGE RESPONDENTS

1 2 3 4 5

12 months 18 months 24 months 36months Others

TOTAL

38 45 25 23 19 150

25% 30% 17% 15% 13% 100%

Source: Questionnaire Interpretation The above table (3.1.13) indicates that 25% of the Sample Respondents credit period is 12months, 30% of the Sample Respondents credit period is 18months, 17% of the Sample Respondents credit period is 24months, 15% of the Sample Respondents credit period is 36months and13% of the sample respondents credit period is more than 36 months. It is found that majority (30%) of the sample respondents credit period is 18months .

49

TABLE 3.1.14 CLASSIFICATION OF RESPONDENTS ACCORDING TO THEIR CONSIDERATION OF VARIOUS COMPANY E-BIKES

S.NO.

FACTORS

NO.OF RESPONDENTS

PERCENTAGE

1 2

Yes No
TOTAL

85 65 150

57% 43% 100

Source: Questionnaire

Interpretation The above Table (3.1.14) indicates that 57% of the sample respondents consider various company E-Bikes before their purchase and 43% of the sample respondents will not consider various company E-bikes. It is found that majority (57%) of the sample respondents consider various company E-bikes before they make purchase.

50

TABLE 3.1.15 CLASSIFICATION OF RESPONDENTS ACCORDING TO THEIR PREFERENCE

S.NO. FACTORS NO.OF RESPONDENTS PERCENTAGE

1 2 3 4 5

TVS Green Electric Hero electric Ultra Others

TOTAL

24 30 16 10 5 85

28% 35% 19% 12% 6% 100%

Source: Questionnaire

Interpretation The above Table (3.1.15) indicates that 28% of the sample respondents prefer TVS, 35% of the sample respondents prefer Green Electric, 19% of the sample respondents prefer Hero Electric, 12% of the sample respondents prefer Ultra and 6% of the sample respondents prefer other company Electric Bike. It is found that majority (35%) of the sample respondents prefer Green Electric companys E-Bike.

51

TABLE 3.1.16 CLASSIFICATION OF RESPONDENTS ACCORDING TO THEIR PREFERENCE TOWARDS VARIOUS MODELS Source: Questionnaire
S.NO. FACTORS NO.OF RESPONDENTS PERCENTAGE

1 2 3 4 5 6

Flash Velociti Flamz Windz Maxi Others

TOTAL

28 28 26 55 7 6 150

19% 19% 17% 37% 4% 4% 100%

Interpretation The above Table (3.1.16) indicates that 19% of the sample respondents prefer Flash, 19% of the sample respondents prefer Velociti, 17% of the sample respondents prefer Flamz, 37% of the sample respondents prefer Windz, 4% of the sample respondents prefer Maxi, and 4% of the sample respondents prefer other model. It is found that majority (37%) of the sample respondents prefer Windz model.

TABLE 3.1.17
52

CLASSIFICATION OF RESPONDENTS ACCORDING TO THEIR COMFORT LEVEL WHILE DRIVING

S.NO.

COMFORTABLE

NO.OF RESPONDENTS

PERCENTAGE

1. 2.

Yes No
TOTAL

100 50 150

67% 33% 100%

Source: Questionnaire

Interpretation The above Table (3.1.17) indicates that 67% of the sample respondents feel easy to drive and handle E-Bike and 33% of the sample respondents find some difficulties in using E-Bike. It is found that majority (67%) of the sample respondents feels easy to drive and handle E-Bike.

TABLE 3.1.18

53

CLASSIFICATION OF RESPONDENTS ACCORDING TO THEIR TRAVELLING DISTANCE PER DAY

S.NO.

FACTORS

NO.OF RESPONDENTS PERCENTAGE

1. 2. 3. 4.

5-10 kms. 11-15kms. 16-20 kms. Above 20 kms.

TOTAL

37 37 46 30 150

25% 25% 30% 20% 100%

Source: Questionnaire Interpretation The above Table (3.1.18) indicates that 25% of the sample respondents travel 5-10 kilometers per day, 25% of the sample respondents travel 11-15 kilometers per day, 30% of the sample respondents travel 16-20 kilometers per day and 20% of the sample respondents travel Above20 kilometers per day. It is found that majority (30%) of the sample respondents travel 16-20 kilometers per day.

TABLE 3.1.19 CLASSIFICATION OF RESPONDENTS ACCORDING TO THE CHARGING HOURS

54

S.NO.

FACTORS

NO.OF RESPONDENTS

PERCENTAGE

1. 2. 3.

Less than 10 Hrs. 10-15 Hrs. Above15 Hrs.

TOTAL

49 71 30 150

33% 47% 20% 100%

Source: Questionnaire

Interpretation The above Table (3.1.19) indicates that 33% of the sample respondents charge their E-Bike for less than 10 hours, 47% of the sample respondents charge their E-Bike for 10-15 hours and 20% of the sample respondents charge their EBike for above 15 hours. It is found that majority (47%) of the sample respondents charge their E-Bike for 10-15 hours.

TABLE 3.1.20 DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS ON THE BASIS OF MILEAGE WITH ELECTRIC POWER
S.NO. MILEAGE NO.OF RESPONDENTS PERCENTAGE

Less than 20 kms.

55

16

11%

1 2 3 4 20-40 kms. 41-60 kms. Above 60 kms.

TOTAL

30 51 53 150

20% 34% 35% 100%

Source: Questionnaire Interpretation The above Table (3.1.20) indicates that 11% of the sample respondents get electricity power for less than 20km, 20% of the sample respondents get electricity power for 20-40kms, 34% of the sample respondents get electricity power for 4160kms and 35% of the sample respondents get electricity power for above 60kms. It is found that majority (35%) of the sample respondents get electricity power for above 60kms.

TABLE 3.1.21 CLASSIFICATION OF RESPONDENTS ACCORDING TO THE GUARANTEE PERIOD

56

S.NO.

FACTORS

NO.OF RESPONDENTS

PERCENTAGE

1. 2.

Yes No
TOTAL

84 66 150

56% 44% 100%

Source: Questionnaire

Interpretation The above Table (3.1.21) indicates that 56% of the sample respondents have complaints regarding guarantee period and 44% of the sample respondents did not have any complaints regarding guarantee period. It is found that majority (56%) of the sample respondents have complaints regarding guarantee period.

TABLE 3.1.22 DISTRIBUTION SHOWING WHETHER SAMPLE RESPONDENTS FACED ANY PROBLEM BY USING E-BIKE

S.NO.

FACTORS

NO.OF RESPONDENTS

PERCENTAGE

57

1. 2.

Yes No
TOTAL

48 102 150

32% 68% 100%

Source: Questionnaire

Interpretation The above Table (3.1.22) indicates that 32% of the sample respondents faced some problem in using E-Bike and 68% of the sample respondents did not face any problem in using E-Bike. It is found that majority (68%) of the sample respondents didnt face any problem in using E-Bike.

TABLE 3.1.23 DISTRIBUTION ACCORDING TO THE PROBLEMS FACED BY THE SAMPLE RESPONDENTS

S.NO.

FACTORS

NO.OF RESPONDENTS

PERCENTAGE

1.

More Electric
58

16

33%

Consumption 2. Mechanical Problems 3. 4. Low Mileage Others

TOTAL

9%

24 4 48

50% 8% 100%

Source: Questionnaire Interpretation The above Table (3.1.23) indicates that 33% of the sample respondents say More Electric Consumption, 9% of the sample respondents say Mechanical Problems, 50% of the sample respondents say Low Mileage and 8% of the sample respondents say some others problems which was faced by the sample respondents in using E-Bike. It is found that majority (50%) of the sample respondents say Low Mileage was the problem faced by them in using E-Bike.

TABLE 3.1.24 CLASSIFICATION OF SAMPLE RESPONDENTS ACCORDING TO THE FAVOURABLE FACTORS OF E-BIKE. Source: Questionnaire
S.NO. FACTORS NO.OF RESPONDENTS PERCENTAGE

1. 2. 3. 4.

Pollution Control Design Safety Smoothness

TOTAL
59

41 43 40 26 150

27% 29% 27% 17% 100%

Interpretation The above Table (3.1.24) indicates that 27% of the sample respondents say Pollution Control, 29% of the sample respondents say Design, 27% of the sample respondents say Safety and 17% of the sample respondents say Smoothness was the factor favoring E-Bike when compared to other Two-Wheelers. It is found that majority (29%) of the sample respondents say Design factor induces them to purchase E-Bike.

TABLE 3.1.25 DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS ON THE BASIS OF SATISFACTION LEVEL TOWARDS PRICE OF THE E-BIKE

S.NO.

FACTORS

NO.OF.RESPONDENTS

PERCENTAGE

1. 2. 3. 4.

Very High High Reasonable Low

TOTAL

34 57 47 12 150

23% 38% 31% 8% 100%

60

Source: Questionnaire Interpretation The above Table (3.1.25) indicates that 23% of the sample respondents satisfaction level is very High, 38% of the sample respondents satisfaction level is High, 31% of the sample respondents satisfaction level is reasonable and 8% of the sample respondents satisfaction level is Low towards the price of the E-Bike. It is found that majority (38%) of the sample respondents satisfaction level regarding the price of the E-Bike is High.

TABLE 3.1.26 DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS ON THE BASIS OF MODE OF MANITENANCE OF E-BIKE

S.NO.

FACTORS

NO.OF RESPONDENTS

PERCENTAGE

1.

Through Authorized Mechanics

61

79

53%

2.

Unauthorized Mechanics
TOTAL

71

47%

150

100%

Source: Questionnaire

Interpretation The above Table (3.1.26) indicates that 53% of the sample respondents maintain their vehicle Through authorized Mechanics and 47% of the sample respondents maintain their E-Bike Through Unauthorized Mechanics. It is found that majority (53%) of the sample respondents maintain their E-Bike through authorized Mechanics.

TABLE 3.1.27 DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS ACCORDING TO THE REASON BEHIND THE MAINTANANCE THROUGH AUTHORISED MECHANICS.
S.NO. FACTORS NO.OF RESPONDENT PERCENTAGE

1 2 3

Genuine dealings Delivery in Time Minimum cost of

62

14 30 24

18% 38% 30%

services More faith in service provided

TOTAL

11 79

14% 100%

Source: Questionnaire

Interpretation The above Table (3.1.27) indicates that 18% of the sample respondents say Genuine dealings, 38% of the sample respondents says Delivery in Time, 30% of the sample respondents says Minimum cost of service and 14% of the sample respondents says more faith in service provided by the Authorized Mechanics. It is found that majority (38%) of the sample respondents says Delivery in Time was the reason behind the maintenance of vehicle through authorized mechanics.

TABLE 3.1.28 CLASSIFICATION OF RESPONDENTS ACCORDING TO THEIR OVERALL SATISFACTION LEVEL IN USING E-BIKE

S.NO.

FACTORS

NO.OF RESPONDENTS

PERCENTAGE

Highly satisfied
63

48

32%

2 3 4

Satisfied Dissatisfied Highly dissatisfied

TOTAL

60 28 14 150

40% 19% 9% 100%

Source: Questionnaire

Interpretation The above Table (3.1.28) indicates that 32% of the sample respondents are Highly satisfied, 40% of the sample respondents are Satisfied, 19% of the sample respondents are Dissatisfied and 9% of the sample respondents are Highly dissatisfied by using E-Bike. It is found that majority (40%) of the sample respondents are satisfied by using Electric Bike.

3.2. RANKING ANALYSIS

INTRODUCTION

Under this method the respondents are asked to rank the choices. This method is easier and faster. Here in the study the respondents are asked to rank the
64

various factors which influence the respondents to purchase E-Bike and the respondents are used to rank as 1, 2, till 10. The Industrial scores of each expect for the 150 respondents were totaled and the total score has been arrived. Final ranking has been done based on the total score and their ranks are given in the table below. The weighted average technique has been used to find out the weighted average score for each category of the respondents over several study factors.

TABLE 3.2.1 FACTORS WHICH INFLUENCE THE RESPONDENTS TO PURCHASE E-BIKE

S.NO FACTORS TOTAL RANK

1 2 3 4

Price Mileage Style Resale value

65

863 888 898 869

V III II IV

5 6 7 8 9 10

No petrol No oil change No running cost No license No tax registration Pollution control

727 784 788 905 749 680

IX VII VI I VIII X

Interpretation: The above table (3.2.1) indicates that 1st Rank is given to No License (905), 2nd Rank is given to style (898), 3rd Rank is given to Mileage (888), 4th Rank is given to Resale value (869), 5 th Rank is given to Price (863), 6 th Rank is given to No running charge (788),7th Rank is given to No oil change (784), 8 th Rank is given to No tax registration (749), 9 th Rank is given to No petrol (727) and 10 th Rank is given to pollution control (680) by the sample respondents. It shows that the no license factor mainly induces the sample respondents to purchase E-Bike. 3.3. CHI-SQUARE ANALYSIS INTRODUCTION: Chi-square is used to test whether the two factors are independent or in other words this test is to find whether the factor has influence over other factor. In this section the chi-square test is used between personal factor and on study factor. The personal considerations are

66

 Age Gender Marital status Monthly income and Nature of family. The study factor is price of the E-Bike. In this study it was decided to use chisquare test which carried out at 5%level of significance. The chi-square was obtained by the formula: Chi-square = (O-E) 2 E Where O = Observation E = Expected value E= RT*CT N Where RT = Row Total CT = Column Total N = Total number of observation. DEGREE OF FREEDOM: When we compare the computed value x 2 with the table value, the degree of freedom is evident. Degree of freedom play an important part in using chi-square test and the test based on it. One must correctly determine degree of freedom.

67

If nis the number of groups and one constraint is placed by making totals of observed and expected frequencies equal, the degree of freedom would be equal to (n-1). In case of contingency table the degree of freedom is worked out as follows Degree of freedom = (c-1) (r-1) c =No of Columns r =No of Rows

68

3.3.1 GENDER AND PRICE OF E-BIKE The study of relationship between Gender and Price of E-Bike by the respondents has been analyzed and presented in table. Hypothesis 1 There is no significant relationship between Gender and Price of E-Bike TABLE 3.3.1 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GENDER AND PRICE
GENDER MALE FEMALE TOTAL VERY HIGH HIGH REASONABLE LOW TOTAL

20 14 34

28 29zz 57

25 22 47

5 7 12

78 72 150

Source: Questionnaire Degree of freedom Calculated value 5% level of Table value Inference The Table (3.3.1) indicates that calculated value (1.37) is less than the table value (7.815). Therefore framed null hypothesis is accepted. Hence, there is no significant relationship between Gender and Price of the E-Bike. =3 = 1.37 = 7.815

69

3.3.2 AGE AND PRICE OF E-BIKE The study of relationship between Age and Price of E-Bike by the respondents has been analyzed and presented in table. Hypothesis 2 There is no significant relationship between Age and Price of E-Bike. TABLE 3.3.2 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN AGE AND PRICE
AGE BELOW 15 15-30 31-45 ABOVE 45 TOTAL VERY HIGH HIGH REASONABLE LOW TOTAL

10 10 8 6

14 25 14 4 57

15 20 8 4 47

3 5 2 2 12

42 60 32 16 150

34 Source: Questionnaire Degree of freedom Calculated value 5% level of Table value Inference =9

= 5.5635 = 16.919

The Table (3.3.2) indicates that calculated value (5.5635) is less than the table value (16.919). Therefore framed null hypothesis is accepted. Hence, there is no significant relationship between Age and Price of E-Bike.

70

3.3.3 MARTIAL STATUS AND PRICE OF E-BIKE The study of relationship between Marital Status and Price of E-Bike by the respondents has been analyzed and presented in table. Hypothesis 3 There is no significant relationship between Martial Status and Price of EBike. TABLE 3.3.3 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MARTIAL STATUS AND PRICE
MARTIAL STATUS MARRIED UNMARRIED TOTAL VERY HIGH HIGH REASONABLE LOW TOTAL

16 18 34

30 27 57

31 16 47

5 7 12

82 68 150

Source: Questionnaire

Degree of freedom Calculated value 5% level of Table value Inference

=3 = 4.129 = 7.815

The Table (3.3.3) indicates that calculated value (4.129) is less than the table value (7.815). Therefore framed null hypothesis is accepted. Hence, there is no significant relationship between Martial status and Price of the E-Bike.
71

3.3.4 MONTHLY INCOME AND PRICE OF E-BIKE The study of relationship between Monthly Income and Price of E-Bike by the respondents has been analyzed and presented in table. Hypothesis 4 There is no significant relationship between Monthly Income and Price of E-Bike. TABLE 3.3.4 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MONTHLY INCOME AND PRICE
MONTHLY INCOME BELOW 5000 5000-10000 10001-15000 ABOVE 15000 TOTAL VERY HIGH HIGH REASONABLE LOW TOTAL

13 4 9 8 34

14 20 17 6 57

10 16 12 9 47

1 1 4 6 12

38 41 42 29 150

Source: Questionnaire Degree of freedom Calculated value 5% level of Table value Inference The Table (3.3.4) indicates that calculated value (19.315) is greater than the table value (16.919).Therefore framed null hypothesis is rejected. Hence, there is a significant relationship between Monthly Income and Price of the E-Bike. =9 = 19.315 = 16.919

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3.3.5 NATURE OF FAMILY AND PRICE OF E-BIKE The study of relationship between Nature of Family and Price of E-Bike by the respondents has been analyzed and presented in table. Hypothesis 4 There is no significant relationship between Nature of Family and Price of E-Bike. TABLE 3.3.5 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NATURE OF FAMILY AND PRICE
NATURE OF FAMILY NUCLEAR JOINT TOTAL VERY HIGH HIGH REASONABLE LOW TOTAL

15 19 34

32 25 57

35 12 47

6 6 12

88 62 150

Source: Questionnaire

Degree of freedom Calculated value 5% level of Table value Inference

=3 = 8.404 = 7.815

The Table (3.3.5) indicates that calculated value (8.404) is greater than the table value (7.815).Therefore framed null hypothesis is rejected. Hence, there is a significant relationship between Nature of Family and Price of the E-Bike.
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3.4 SCALING TECHNIQUE

3.4.1 INTRODUCTION Scaling describes the procedures of assigning numbers to various degrees of opinion, attitude and other concepts. This can be done in two ways via, Making a judgment about some characteristic of an individual and then placing him directly on a scale that has been defined in terms of that characteristic and Constructing questionnaires in such a way that the score of individual responses assigns him a place on a scale. It may be stated here that the scale is a continuum, consisting of the highest point and the lowest points along with several intermediate points between these two extreme points. Scaling may be defined as procedure for the assignment of numbers to a property of objects in order to impart some of the characteristics of numbers to the properties in the question

3.4.2 SUMMATED SCALES (LIKERT -TYPE SCALES) Summated scales or Likert-type scales is one of the scaling technique. They are developed by utilizing the item analysis approach wherein a particular item is evaluated on the basis of how well it discriminates between those persons whose total score is high and those whose score is low. Each response is given a numerical score, indicating its favorableness or unfavourableness and the scores are totaled to measure the respondents attitude.

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Most frequently used summated scales in the study of social attitudes follow the pattern devised by Likert. In Likert scale the respondents are asked to respond to each of the statements in terms of several degrees, usually five degrees (but at times 3 or 7 may also be used) of agreement or disagreement. The level of satisfaction of the sample respondents about the factors which surrounds the E-bike is to be measured by using five-point LIKERT TYPE SCALE. The scale ranges from 1 to 5. The scoring procedure is as follows If the respondents is highly satisfied with the statement, a score of 5 is allotted likewise, a score of 4 is allotted for the respondents who are satisfied, a score of 3 is allotted for the neutral respondents, a score of 2 is allotted for dissatisfaction of the respondents and a score 1 is allotted for highly dissatisfied respondents. The maximum and minimum scores that the students would get from all the five statements would be 25 and 5 respectively. The students who scored below 15 points are classified as having low satisfaction, those scoring equal to and above 15 points are classified as having been highly satisfied about the E-bike.

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TABLE 3.4.2 CLASSIFICATION OF THE SAMPLE RESPONDENTS ON THE BASIS OF SATISFACTION SCORE ABOUT VARIOUS FACTORS THAT SURROUNDS E-BIKE

LEVEL OF SATISFACTION

NO. OF RESPONDENTS

PERCENTAGE (%)

High (Above 15) Low (Below 15) Total 105 45 150 70 30 100

Inference It is understood from the table, that out of 150 respondents, 105 respondents are having high level of satisfaction. Where as 45 respondents are having low level of satisfaction about various factors which surrounds the E-Bike.

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3.5 ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE INTRODUCTION Analysis of Variance (abbreviated as ANOVA) is an extremely useful technique concerning researches in the fields of economics, biology, education, psychology, sociology, business) industry and in researches of several other disciplines. This technique is used when multiple sample cases are involved. ANOVA technique is an important tool of analysis in the hands of a researcher. ANOVA is essentially a procedure for testing the difference among different groups of data for homogeneity. The ANOVA technique can be One way ANOVA and Two way ANOVA.

If we take only one factor and investigate the difference amongst its categories having numerous possible value, we are said to use one way ANOVA and in case we investigate 2 factors at same time we use two way ANOVA. Here two way ANOVA is used to analyze the variance towards overall satisfaction level of the sample respondents. STEPS INVOLVED: First work out the correction factor = (T) 2 / n. Where, T = Total of the value of individual items. Next find out the square of all the items one by one and take its total. Subtract the correction factor from the total. Total SS = Xij 2 [(T) 2 / n]
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 Find out the square of total of different columns and subtract the correction factor from the total .This is called as SS between Columns. SS Between columns =(Ti2 /ni)- (T2/n) Find out the square of total of different rows and subtract the correction factor from the total .This is called as SS between Rows. SS within rows =(Tj2 /nj)- (T2/n) Find out the residual or error variance by subtracting SS Between Columns and SS within Rows. SS FOR Residual/ error variance = Total SS-(SS Between columns + SS within Rows) Find out the degree of freedom as follows d.f for variance between columns = (c-1) d.f for variance between rows d.f for residual variance = (r-1) = (c-1) (r-1)

Find out F ratio and the answer is compared with 5% F limit table value and the results are interpreted.

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3.5.1 SATISFACTION LEVEL AND AGE OF THE RESPONDENTS Hypothesis 1 There is no significant difference between Overall Satisfaction level of the sample respondents. There is no significant variance between Age groups. Table 3.5.1 SATISFACTION LEVEL AND AGE OF THE RESPONDENTS Satisfaction Level Age
Highly Satisfied Satisfied Dissatisfied Highly Dissatisfied

Total

Below 15 15-30 31-45

18 21 6

17 28 11

5 7 11

2 4 4

42 60 32

Above 45

16

Total

48

60

28

14

150

79

Correction factor

= (T)2/n = (150)2/16 = 1406

Total SS

= Xij2 [(T) 2 / n] = 2292-1406 = 886

SS Between columns =(Ti2 /ni)- (T2/n) = 1721-1406 = 315

SS within rows

=(Tj2 /nj)- (T2/n) = 1661-1406 = 255

SS Residual = Total SS-(SS Between columns + SS within Rows) = 886-(315+255) = 316

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3.5.1(a) ANOVA TABLE Sum of Source of variation Between columns squares (SS) 315 Degrees of freedom (d.f) 3 Mean square (MS) 105 F- ratio 5% F-Limit

2.99

3.86

Between rows

255

85

2.42

3.86

Residual /error

316

35.1

Total

886

15

Inference There is no significant difference between the satisfaction level because the calculated value (2.99) is less than the table value (3.86) at 5% F- limit and there is no significant variance between age groups because the calculated value (2.42) is less than the table value (3.86) at 5% F- limit. Thus, there is no variance between the age groups and overall satisfaction level of the sample respondents by using E-Bike.

3.5.2 SATISFACTION LEVEL AND MONTHLY INCOME OF THE RESPONDENTS

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Hypothesis 1 There is no significant difference between Overall Satisfaction level of the sample respondents. There is no significant variance between Monthly Income of the sample respondents. Table 3.5.2 SATISFACTION LEVEL AND MONTHLY INCOME OF THE RESPONDENTS Satisfaction Level Monthly Income Below 5000 5000-10000 10001-15000
Highly satisfied Satisfied Dissatisfied Highly Dissatisfied

Total

8 10 15

14 17 20

11 10 4

5 4 3

38 41 42

Above 15000

15

29

Total

48

60

28

14

150

Correction factor

= (T)2/n

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= (150)2/16 = 1406

Total SS

= Xij2 [(T) 2 / n] = 1880-1406 = 474

SS Between columns =(Ti2 /ni)- (T2/n) = 1721-1406 = 315

SS within rows

=(Tj2 /nj)- (T2/n) = 1432.5-1406 = 27

SS Residual = Total SS-(SS Between columns + SS within Rows) = 474-(315+27) = 132

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3.5.2 ANOVA TABLE

Sum of Source of variation Between columns squares (SS) 315

Degrees of freedom (d.f) 3

Mean square (MS) 105 F- ratio

5% F-Limit

7.14

3.86

Between rows

27

0.61

3.86

Residual /error

132

14.7

Total

474

15

Inference There is some significant variance between the satisfactions level of the sample respondents because the calculated value (7.14) is more than the table value (3.86) at 5% F- limit and there is no significant variance between Monthly Income because the calculated value (0.61) is less than the table value (3.86) at 5% Flimit. Thus, there is some variance between the Monthly Income and Satisfaction level of the sample respondents by using E-Bike.

CHAPTER-IV
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SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, SUGGESTIONS AND CONCLUSION 4.1 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS The study is taken up with the object of analyzing the customers satisfaction towards E-Bike with special reference to Coimbatore city. The results of the analysis are presented below Percentage analysis: Distribution of respondents by gender shows Majority (52%) are Male and Majority (55%) of the respondents are Married. Majority (40%) of the respondents belong to the Age group 15 to 30 years. Majority of the sample respondents are graduates (27%) and Majority (23%) of the sample respondents are Business Peoples.

Majority (28%) of the sample respondents Monthly Income is between `10001- ` 15000.

Majority (59%) of the sample respondents Nature of Family is Nuclear. Majority (43%) of the sample respondents Family Size is between 3-6 members. Majority (23%) of the sample respondents decision maker is their father.

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 Majority (24%) of the sample respondents come to know about the E-Bike through Relatives and Neighbours. Majority (38%) of the sample respondents get awareness about the E-Bike through News papers. Majority(31%) of the sample respondents purchase E-Bike through Ready cash Majority(30%) of the sample respondents Installment period is 18 months Majority(57%) of the sample respondents consider various Company E- Bikes at the time of purchasing and most of them choose Green electric (35%). Majority (37%) of the sample respondents select Windz model E-Bike. Majority (67%) of the sample respondents feel Comfort while driving EBike. Majority (30%) of the sample respondents travel 16-20 kilometers per day. Majority(47%) of the sample respondents charge their E-Bike for 10-15 hours per day. Majority(35%) of the sample respondents get electricity power above 60kilometers. Majority(56%) of the sample respondents have complaints regarding guarantee period.

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 Majority(68%) of the sample respondents didnt face any problems in using E-Bike. Majority (50%) of the sample respondents say low mileage was the problem faced by them in E-Bike. Majority(29%) of the sample respondents say design factor induced them to buy E- Bike when compared to other Two-Wheelers. Majority(38%) of the sample respondents satisfaction level regarding the price of the E-Bike is high. Majority(53%) of the sample respondents maintained their vehicle through authorized mechanics. Majority(38%) of the sample respondents says delivery in time was the reason behind the maintenance of the vehicle through Authorized mechanics. Majority (40%) of the sample respondents are satisfied by using E-Bike. Ranking Analysis Ranking analysis shows that First rank is give to No license factor in which it mainly induces the sample respondents to purchase E-Bike. Chi-Square Analysis The study of the relationship between Price of the E-Bike and Personal factors of the sample respondents reveals that there is no significant relationship between Price of the E-Bike with Age, Gender and Martial status of the sample respondents.
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It also shows that there is a significant relationship between the Price of the E-Bike with Monthly Income and Nature of Family of the sample respondents. Scaling Technique Majority (70%) of the sample respondents are having high level of satisfaction regarding the various factors that surrounds the E-Bike Analysis and Variance In this analysis we investigated two factors at the same time and analyzed that there is no variance between the age groups and overall satisfaction level of the sample respondents. It was also found that there is some variance between the Monthly Income and overall satisfaction level of the sample respondents.

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4.2 SUGGESTIONS E-Bikes are offering Users a better alternative to biking, even though some of their biggest minuses of these vehicles are underpowered performance, the heavy weight of batteries, which consequently drags the performance even further, poor driving range per charge of the batteries. Based on my study I would like to suggest the following points to improve the sale of E-Bike. More advertisement about the vehicle can be released. To give advertisement about E-Bike through all other media like Radio, pamphlets, Malls and salesman. Representative may directly canvass the customer. To introduce more model of E-Bike with more advantages. There can be more charging centers as like the petrol bunks which can solve the problem of E-Bike. Loan cum exchange mela can be arranged to increase the sales. Most of the sample respondents say that low mileage was the problem faced by them by using E-Bike, So steps can be taken to design the product as to travel more than 70 kms/charge.

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4.3. CONCLUSION In general, satisfaction is a persons feeling of pleasure resulting from a product perceived performance (or outcome) in relation to his or her expectations. If the performance falls short of expectations, the customer is dissatisfied. satisfied. If the performance matches the expectations the customer If the performance exceeds expectations the customer is highly

satisfied or delighted. Peoples are choosing E-Bike for a number of reasons. This improved mobility lead further urban expansion in the long term. By creating more number of charging centers like petrol bunks, by increasing the driving range per charge and by reducing the price of the E-Bike may help in moving more customer towards this product. But in protecting the environment E-Bike take a vital role in avoiding the pollution caused by the petrol engines. So the use of E-Bike will continue to grow in popularity as income rises and cities expand.

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