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PTC_CE_BTA_1.3_us_mp.mcdx

Mathcad Enabled Content Copyright 2011 Knovel Corp. Building Thermal Analysis Andreas Athienitis 2011 Parametric Technology Corp. Chapter 1 Steady-state heat conduction 1.3 Walls with Internal Heat Generation Disclaimer While Knovel and PTC have made every effort to ensure that the calculations, engineering solutions, diagrams and other information (collectively Solution) presented in this Mathcad worksheet are sound from the engineering standpoint and accurately represent the content of the book on which the Solution is based, Knovel and PTC do not give any warranties or representations, express or implied, including with respect to fitness, intended purpose, use or merchantability and/or correctness or accuracy of this Solution. Array origin:

ORIGIN 1
Heat may be generated within a wall. For example, electric radiant panels, which often form the interior layer of a ceiling or a wall to provide radiant heat, contain electric resistance elements which generate heat. This heat can be approximated as internal heat generation. We often may assume one-dimensional heat conduction. If a steady-state analysis is performed then the relevant energy balance equation is k d2T/dx2 + Qg = 0 where k is the thermal conductivity of the wall layer and Qg is the rate of internal heat generation. Consider, for example, a radiant panel of area 1 square meter and thickness 13 mm made of gypsum board with electric resistance elements built into it with a total power output 250 W assumed uniformly generated within the panel.

TRoom 68 F watt h 0.6 ft 2 F

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PTC_CE_BTA_1.3_us_mp.mcdx

A 10 ft 2 L 0.043 ft Volume A L x 0.003 ft , 0.004 ft 0.043 ft watt k 0.027 ft F

Boundary conditions

unit area panel thickness

distance from back side of panel

250 watt Qg Volume

1. Adiabatic at x = 0:

d T0 dx d k Th T TRoom dx

2. Convective at x = L:

Qg L L2 x2 ) Qg T( x T + + ( ) Room 2k h
Examination of the graph on the right reveals that the maximum temperature is at the interface between the insulation and the panel (x=0).

129.5 127.5 125.5 123.5 121.5

T( (x) ) ( (F) ) 117.5

115.5 113.5 111.5 109.5

119.5

0.003

0.007

0.011

0.015

0.019

x ( (ft) )

0.023

0.027

0.031

0.035

0.039

0.043

Therefore, maximum temperature is

Mathcad Enabled Content Copyright 2011 Knovel Corp. All rights reserved.

T( (0 ft) ) = 129.574 F

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PTC_CE_BTA_1.3_us_mp.mcdx

User Notices

Equations and numeric solutions presented in this Mathcad worksheet are applicable to the
specific example, boundary condition or case presented in the book. Although a reasonable effort was made to generalize these equations, changing variables such as loads, geometries and spans, materials and other input parameters beyond the intended range may make some equations no longer applicable. Modify the equations as appropriate if your parameters fall outside of the intended range. For this Mathcad worksheet, the global variable defining the beginning index identifier for vectors and arrays, ORIGIN, is set as specified in the beginning of the worksheet, to either 1 or 0. If ORIGIN is set to 1 and you copy any of the formulae from this worksheet into your own, you need to ensure that your worksheet is using the same ORIGIN. Engineering and construction code values shown in US Customary units are converted from original values in Metric units. They are NOT obtained from US codes unless specified.

Mathcad Enabled Content Copyright 2011 Knovel Corp. All rights reserved.

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