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_________________________________________________Applied Business Improvement
Introduction to ABI and Statgraphics Centurion
All Rights Reserved , ABI Associates, 2005
Nobody gives a hoot about profits. Deming

Successful Businesses Disagree.. Statgraphics CenturionTM and ABI can HELP your business INCREASE PROFIT
St at Ce gra nt ph u r ic io s n
Si Ac x S ce igm le ra a te d
Statgraphics Centurion includes the framework for Accelerated Six Sigma Statgraphics Centurion /ABI the perfect link for Six Sigma Training & Application ABI applies Statgraphics Centurion with proven methods for your business ABI applies Over 50 years of combined Engineering / Management Expertise
Enabled Teams Active Leadership
What is Six Sigma?
What is Six Sigma?

Sigma represents a unit of measurement that designates the distribution or spread about the average of a process to represent how well a process is performing. The higher the sigma value, the less variation and fewer defects will reach the customer When a company has achieved a six sigma rate of improvement, it has limited defects to 3.4 per million opportunities virtual defect-free performance. The DMAIC Six Sigma Process of Problem Solution is a natural fit for Statgraphics Centurion
4
Six Sigma is .
.an Improvement System Focused on Driving Business Success
Customer focused business strategy A disciplined data-driven approach for eliminating defects A statistical measurement - 3.4 DPMO A dedication to meeting customer requirements A philosophy, culture change for greater customer satisfaction
How does Six Sigma work?

An approach and set of tools for the Team to follow when improving/designing a process or product based on Statistical Data from the Voice of the Customer Key to successful Implementation: Statgraphics Centurion
Profit = Customer + Process + Employee

The Customer
What bothers your customer? Will this take time away from my customer? Who really is the customer?
Management
Buy in Genuine buy in
The Team
Time Resources Expertise Motivation
Payback / Benefit
To Customer To management To my Team Self actualization Culture Savings
Student Growth
Program designed to reduce training doubts & fears Resistance Nurturing Driving out statistical horror Making problem solving fun Job enrichment / advancement
Savings
Calculate following Control Phase Indirect , Direct Productivity Opportunity Profit
Applied Learning
You learn by doing the thing Sophocles The importance of The Project DMAIC: Scientific method 101 Process Understanding Statgraphics Centurion
The Process for Six Sigma Projects (DMAIC)

Define Listening to the Voice of the Customer
Prerequisites (Philosophy, Mgmt buy-in) Y=f(X) Concept & Strategy ID Team / Key Constituents Project Statement (4 Boxer.ppt) Process Mapping/ Risk Assessment Quality Function Deployment (QFD) Financial Analysis
Measure
Measuring Current Process Health
Define Performance Standards The Ys (CTQs) & the Zs 7 Basic Tools (Pareto Analysis, Run Chart, Scatter Diagrams etc.) Fishbone Diagrams Validate the Measurement System Establish SPC and Process Capability Establish Tolerance Limits
Analyze
Identifying important causes of the defects
Multiple Box-Whisker Regression Analysis (y vs x) ANOVA / Components of Variance Hypothesis (Ho/Ha) Testing Chi Square Testing Screening Designs
Improve
Removing the causes of the defects
Fishbone Revisited Sequential Design of Experiments (DoE) Error Proofing Revisit Tolerance Limits
Control
Maintaining the improvements
Statistical Process Control

(reduced inspection) Capability Monitoring Failure Mode Effects Analysis Action Plans
Lets look at a sampling of Six Sigma tools found in Statgraphics Centurion
Cost of Quality for a Six Sigma Project

Cost of Quality History
80 60
Prevention Appraisal Int. Failure Total COQ Total Failure
COQ
40 20 0
1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
10
Quality Function Deployment - The House of Quality Listening to the Voice of the Customer
Interactions Strong Positive Positive Negative Strong Negative Relationship Strong = 9.0 Medium = 3.0 Weak = 1.0 Customer Demands
Module Cost
Fail Free Op. Period
Availability of Array
Process Capability
Process Flexibility
Weight
Cost to Maintain
Priority
LowCost Reproducible FactoryIm plem entation/Dem o. Process Verification (Proof) High Reliability(>85,000) hrs. Sm all Size - Light W eight Perform ance Ex pandable Meets Module Elect. Perform ance SystemMaintainability Absolute w eight 49.0 60.0 56.0 48.0 22.0 22.0 15.0 Relative w eight 438.0 504.0 500.0 428.0 123.0 123.0 113.0 4"x.46"x0.2" 85,000 hrs. 10,000 hrs.
11.0 88.0
16.0 21.0 122.0 113.0
19.0 95.0
10.0 2.7 4.0 10.0 2.9 5.0 10.0 2.1 3.2 10.0 3.1 3.0 9.0 2.6 3.3 8.0 2.4 2.8 6.0 3.5 1.8 5.0 3.6 2.1 1.0 3.5 3.5 69.0 26.4 28.7 345.0 193.1 228.9
1000/day
1 OZ.
$200
80%
1.33
TBD
TBD
Design Requirements
TBD
Ours
Theirs
MTBF
Yield
Rate
Size
11
The Process Map to Understand your Process Early in Six Sigma

1 FlowChart Process Audit Process
Correct Problem s
Yes
Problem s? No
Collect Data
Analyze Data
13
Meeting
No
In Control? Yes Plot Histogram Estim ate Process Capability
11
Sort Product
No
10
Capable? Yes Im prove Capability
12
12
Brainstorming over a Fishbone Diagram

Raw card Solder process Inspection
Short circuit Shroud Time Moisture content Temperature
Splatter Chain speed Height Wave pump Flow Flux Setup Temperature Control
Measurement Test coverage Inspector Defects Wrong component
Wrong part Functional failure Vendor Missing from reel Setup Components
Missing component Autoposition Alignment Operator Crimp Component insertion

13
Statgraphics & Six Sigma can take failure to meet minimum to a 6 sigma process
Bad Process
LSL
10
Good Process
LSL
10
Nominal
Nominal
6 -3s
frequency
100% Defective
(failure to meet minimum)
6 sigma process
-3s
0 0 10 20 Response Variable 30 40 50
0 0 10 20 Response Variable 30 40 50
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Statgraphics & Six Sigma enable understanding Cause & Effect Relationships Y=f(x)
R^2 = 66% fair-good correlation Systolic140 = -0.663584 + 1.6165*Diastolic80 Outlier removed 170
Plot of Fitted Model
Control Ellipse
200 Alpha = 0.1 % 180 160 140 120 100 72 82 92 102 112
Systolic140
160 150 140 130 120 82 86 90 94 98 102 106
Systolic140 = 3.97694 + 1.57601*Diastolic80
Diastolic80
Systolic140
Diastolic80
Box-and-Whisker Plot
22 21 20 19 18 17
Plot of Fitted Model

0.5 0.48
0.46 0.44 0.42 0.4 0.38 0 10 20 30 40 50
MPG_20_1
chlorine
weeks
15
Driver

SnapStat: Capability Assessment (Individuals) Data variable: strength Sample size = 100 Mean = 254.64 Specifications USL = 300 Nom = 250 LSL = 200 Beyond Spec. 0.000000% 0.000000% Z-Score 4.25 -5.12
X Chart
300 280 285.13
Snapstats: A Special Feature in Statgraphics Centurion for Quick Process Capability
strength
260 240 220 0 20 40 60 80
254.64
Long-Term Capability Sigma = 10.6823 Pp = 1.56 Ppk = 1.42 DPM = 11.03
Short-Term Capability Sigma = 10.1637 Cp = 1.64 Cpk = 1.49 DPM = 4.08
224.15 100
Observation
Capability Histogram
25 20
200.00 250.00 300.00
Range Chart
50 40 37.46
frequency
15 10 5 0 200 220 240 260 280 300
MR(2)
30 20 10 0 0 20 40 60 80 11.46 0.00 100
strength
Observation
Probability Plot
Normal Distribution
300 280 260 240 220 200 300 280
Tolerance Chart
300.00
strength
260 250.00 240 220 200 0 20 40 60 80 200.00 16 100
200 220 240 260 280 300 All Rights Reserved , ABI Associates, 2005
strength
Observation
Process Development Using Sequential Experimentation

30
Response Variable
20
Climbing to the peak of the mountain in the fewest number of trials

Factorials
Response Surface
10
Screening Designs
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 17
Experiment No.
Six Sigma Enters the World of a Science Project Maybe Microwave Popcorn aint so Hot !
4 Pillsbury
Cost/Volume (cents)
Regular = Non-Microw ave Old Capitol Popcorn 3 Orville Betty Crocker 2 Kohls Reg+2 tbsp 1 0 Reg+1 tbsp Regular (plain) 5 10 15 20 25 30 Reg+4 tbsp Reg+3 tbsp
35
40
45
Fat (gms) UGH!
X2 X3 X1
18
Class ClassExercise Exercise To ToDemo DemoDoE DoE
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You are put in Charge of this Six Sigma Project

Customers of OTI (Optimum Travel, Inc.) have been complaining about the limited Travel Distance of its main Product, the 6 Sigma Golf Ball.
Management wants to increase the travel distance to improve customer satisfaction and beat the competition.
How Would Your Team Begin ?

20
Course Offerings
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ABI Six Sigma Company Offerings using Statgraphics CenturionTM

Executive Overview (1/2 Day) Six Sigma Overview (1 Day or 2 Day) Six Sigma Accelerated (6 Day) (2 Day and 3 Day Sessions with Project/ Mentoring) Six Sigma Green Belt (10 Day) (Four 2 Day Sessions with Project/ Mentoring) Six Sigma Black Belt (14 Day) (Five 2-3 Day Sessions with Project/ Mentoring)
22
_________________________________________Applied Business Improvement
Six Sigma Executive Overview

Outline What is Six Sigma? - Definition and Organization Infrastructure How Does Six Sigma Improve Business Performance? Who is Using Six Sigma? What have been the Benefits? Where can Six Sigma be Used? (In My Business?) Six Sigma Methods and Tools using Statgraphics How do I Implement Six Sigma?
ABI Six Sigma Overview.ppt
Six Sigma Overview

Define / Measure / Analyze (Day 1)
What is Six Sigma? DMAIC Model Project Selection Project Charter Team Roles and Responsibilities Voice of the Customer Concept Engineering Quality Function Deployment Using SIPOC for Process Identification Process Mapping Measurement System Analysis Data Collection Methods Understanding Variation Fundamentals of Statistical Process Control (SPC) Defining Process Capability Calculating Sigma Levels /DPMO
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Six Sigma Overview

Analyze / Improve / Control (Day 2)
Seven Basic Quality Tools for Analyzing Data Basic Regression Design of Experiments (DoE) Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) Failure Mode & Effects Analysis (FMEA) Error Proofing SPC for Process Control Piloting and Implementing a Solution Process Control Plan Reporting Project Benefits / Financial Impact Leveraging Best Practices Summary and Lessons Learned
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Statgraphics Centurion
A new Approach to Six Sigma Implementation

Six Sigma Accelerated plus Statgraphics Centurion and You
Six Sigma Accelerated
If youre a company that wants to either improve its quality levels or develop its employees, then Six Sigma Accelerated is for you. Featuring Statgraphics Centurion, Six Sigma Accelerated places the emphasis on problem-solving strategy while providing statistical software and support in the background. As a result, Six Sigma Accelerated training gives you the real-world tools and techniques you need to implement improvement strategies. These improvement strategies allow you to increase performance and decrease process variation, resulting in defect reduction while improving product quality, your net income and employee morale. Simply put, Six Sigma Accelerated provides you with a hands-on formula for business improvement.
Six Sigma Accelerated training follows the traditional Six Sigma Model: Define Measure Analyze Improve Control (DMAIC). While doing so, Statgraphics Centurion provides the synergy of the statistical methods with the DMAIC model.
This, in turn, allows you to address your most difficult problems (those requiring a data driven approach and the use of statistical tools and techniques). Furthermore, Six Sigma Accelerated gives you the ability to analyze your companys weakness orientation while offering you additional tools for business improvement. Since most users may not be trained statisticians, the StatAdvisor tool adds a short narrative paragraph to all tabular and graphical output explaining in user-friendly language the significance of the results. The explanation is context sensitive, picking up the actual numerical results and integrating them into the explanation. To further simplify the teams Project Presentation, StatAdvisor output can be plugged into the STATGRAPHICS StatReporter tool, which will generate a report of the data analysis for Team Project Reporting and Presentation.
How long is Accelerated Six Sigma training?
Applied Business Improvement (ABI) and Statgraphics offer the Six Sigma Accelerated course in a six-day format. Individuals who complete Six Sigma Accelerated course will be familiar with the Green Belt Six Sigma basic skills and core statistics tools. Upon completion of this course, ABI offers an additional five-day Six Sigma course for those subsequently seeking to upgrade to Six Sigma Black Belt status.
Who should attend? Class requirements.
This course is designed for those seeking Six Sigma Green Belt level. A basic knowledge of Statistics is helpful but not critical. Completion of a Six Sigma project and class access to a laptop computer are required.
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Six Sigma Accelerated (SSA) Course Outline

Session 1 Define (1 Day)
1.1 Six Sigma Overview 1.2 DMAIC Model 1.3 Project Selection / Charter 1.4 Team Roles and Responsibilities 1.5 Voice of the Customer / Concept Engineering 1.6 Quality Function Deployment (QFD) STATGRAPHICS Centurion TM 1.7 Process Map STATGRAPHICS Centurion TM 1.8 Cause & Effect STATGRAPHICS Centurion TM 1.9 Cost of Quality Trend Analysis STATGRAPHICS Centurion TM 1.10 StatReporter STATGRAPHICS Centurion TM
Session 2 - Measure (1 Day)

2.1 Data Collection Methods 2.2 Understanding Variation 2.3 Calculating Sigma Levels/ dpu/ DPMO STATGRAPHICS Centurion TM (Tools) 2.4 Sample Size Determination STATGRAPHICS Centurion TM 2.5 Scatter plots/ Exploritory Plots /Time Sequence Plots STATGRAPHICS Centurion TM 2.6 Gage Studies STATGRAPHICS Centurion TM 2.7 Basic Statistical Process Control (SPC) STATGRAPHICS Centurion TM 2.8 Process Capability STATGRAPHICS Centurion TM 2.9 SnapStats/ StatAdvisor STATGRAPHICS Centurion TM
Session 3 - Analyze (1 Day)

3.1 Variable Data STATGRAPHICS Centurion TM 3.2 Attribute Data STATGRAPHICS Centurion TM 3.3 Hypothesis Tests STATGRAPHICS Centurion TM 3.4 Reliability Analysis STATGRAPHICS Centurion TM 3.5 SnapStats STATGRAPHICS Centurion TM
27
SSA Outline
Session 4 - Improve (1 Day)
4.1 Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) STATGRAPHICS Centurion 4.2 Curve Fitting Made Easy STATGRAPHICS Centurion TM 4.3 Regression STATGRAPHICS Centurion TM 4.4 Experimental Design Creation / Analysis STATGRAPHICS Centurion TM 4.5 ix Sigma Golf Exercise
TM
its m s Session 5 - Control (1 Day) r y e 5.1 Variable / Attribute Control Charts STATGRAPHICS Centurion a P D 5.2 Acceptance Sampling STATGRAPHICS Centurion n 5.3 Classification Methods (optional) STATGRAPHICS Centurion o n5 i r 5.4 Piloting / Implementing Process Improvement / Assessment i u t a 5.5 Process Control Plan / Documentation n m e 5.6 Reporting Project Benefits / Financial Impact C ig Session 6 Project Presentations (1 Day) s S 6.1 Team Project Presentations c i ix h 6.2 Leveraging Best Practices / Lessons Learned S p 6.3 Celebration a r tg a St
TM TM TM
Le
ng i n ar
28
Six Sigma Green Belt Training

Session 1
Define/Measure 2 Days
Six Sigma Overview Whats In It for Me? DMAIC Model Project Selection Project Charter Team Roles and Responsibilities Voice of the Customer Quality Function Deployment (QFD) Cost Benefit Analysis SIPOC for Process Identification Process Mapping Basic Statistics Summary Statgraphics Tutorial
29

Session 2
Measure/Analyze Project Presentation - Define/Measure 2 Days Measurement System Analysis
Data Collection Methods Understanding Variation Using Statistical Process Control (SPC) Defining Process Capability Calculating Sigma Levels/DPMO Seven Basic Quality Tools for Analyzing Data Regression Made Easy
30

Session 3
Analyze/Improve Project Presentation - Measure/Analyze 2 Days Hypothesis Testing
Design of Experiments (DoE) Six Sigma Golf Exercise Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) Failure Modes and Effects Analysis FMEA) Error Proofing SPC for Process Control
31

Session 4
Improve/Control Project Presentation - Analyze/Improve 2 Days
Piloting Process Improvement Process Improvement Assessment Implementing a Process Improvement Process Control Plan Process Documentation Reporting Project Benefits/Financial Impact Leveraging Best Practices Summary and Lessons Learned Green Belt Knowledge Assessment (Optional)
32
Six Sigma Black Belt Training

Session 1
Define 2 Days Six Sigma Overview
Whats In It for Me? DMAIC Model Project Selection Project Charter Team Roles and Responsibilities SIPOC for Process Identification Voice of the Customer Quality Function Deployment (QFD) Cost Benefit Analysis Basic Statistics Summary Statgraphics Training
33

Session 2
Measure 2 Days
Project Reviews Process Mapping Measurement System Analysis Data Collection Methods Understanding Variation Statistical Process Control (SPC) Process Capability Calculating Sigma Levels / DPMO Measure Statistics Statgraphics Training
34

Session 3
Analyze 3 Days
Project Reviews Seven Basic Quality Tools for Analyzing Data Linear and Multiple Regression Hypothesis Testing Design of Experiments (DoE) Six Sigma Golf Exercise Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) Analyze Statistics Statgraphics Training
35

Session 4
Improve 3 Days
Project Reviews Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) Error Proofing Design for Six Sigma (DFSS) Piloting Process Improvement Process Improvement Assessment Implementing Process Improvement Improve Statistics Statgraphics Training
36

Session 5
Control 2 Days
Project Reviews Lean Enterprise SPC for Process Control Process Control Plan Process Documentation Reporting Project Benefits/Financial Impact Leveraging Best Practices Summary and Lessons Learned Black Belt Knowledge Assessment (Optional) Statgraphics Training
37
ABI Six Sigma Company Offerings using

Statgraphics CenturionTM
Six Sigma Executive Overview (1/2 Day) $ 2,500 Six Sigma Overview (2 Day) (1 Day also available) $ 5,000 Six Sigma Accelerated (6 Day) (Under Development) $ 15,000 (2 Day and 3 Day sessions with Project/Mentoring) Six Sigma Green Belt (10 Day) $ 25,000 (Four 2 Day sessions with Project/Mentoring) Six Sigma Black Belt (14 Day) $ 35,000 (Five 2-3 Day sessions with Project/Mentoring) Design for Six Sigma (DFSS) (Under Development) (3 Days following Six Sigma Training) Add T&L plus course material / books to each course cost (assuming meeting room / meals/ refreshments provided) Maximum Class size 25 Additional Consulting Available Public and Private Courses available. ABI willing to customize training to specific customer needs based on Needs Assessment with sponsoring management.
38
Process Understanding and Improvement

Course Objective: Provide a working knowledge of Statistical Process Control (SPC) and Process Capability and introduce the Basic Quality Tools for Process Improvement
PAGES
3-8 9-14 15-35 36-42 43-72 73-98 99-110 111-115 116-122 123-137
DELIVERABLES
Working with Data Understanding Variation Principles of SPC Introduction to Control Charts Variables Control Charts (X-MR ; Xbar-R) Attributes Control Charts (c ; u ; np ; p) Process Capability - Variables Process Capability Discrete Tolerance Intervals (optional) Tools to Understand and Improve the Process
39
Introduction to Design of Experiments

Session Topics
Common Approaches to Experimentation What is Design of Experiments (DoE)? Factorial Designs The Process of Experimentation Demo: Catapult Experiment Using Statgraphics - Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) Detectable Effects Fractional Factorial Designs Confounding Screening Designs Response Surface Optimization Taguchi Methods
40
Introduction to Design of Experiments

Process of Experimentation
Define Project - Identify Response Variables Understand Current Situation Perform Designed Experiment - Identify Factors - Choose Factor Levels - Select Design (Replication) - Randomize Experiment Runs - Collect Data - Analyze Data - Form Conclusions - Verify Results Define and Implement Solutions Record Results Standardize Results Determine Future Plans
41
ABI Introductory Company Offerings using

Statgraphics CenturionTM
Process Understanding and Improvement (1/2 Day) $ 2,500 (1 Day also available) Design of Experiment Executive Overview (1/2 Day) $ 2,500 (1 Day also available) Design of Experiments Introduction (1 Day) $ 2,500 Add Travel & Living Expense plus course material / books to each course cost (assuming meeting room / meals/ refreshments provided) Maximum Class size 25 Additional Consulting Available Public and Private Courses available. ABI willing to customize training to specific customer needs based on Needs Assessment with sponsoring management.
42
ABI Associates _________________________________________________Applied Business Improvement

George Dyson and Terry Russell have been actively involved in both teaching and mentoring Six Sigma and Design for Six Sigma directly with local area businesses or the University of Cincinnati, Belcan Corp. or the Center for Quality of Management. In 2005, both Terry and George were invited to participate in current training with General Electric, followed by co-teaching Six Sigma and Design for Six Sigma at GE. George H. Dyson III George Dyson is the area Six Sigma representative for StatPoint, Inc., the developer of the STATGRAPHICS Centurion TM software package. He is responsible for its support and application of its release. George is a partner in ABI Associates, a business improvement consulting practice devoted to optimizing Six Sigma training/Implementation to improve business performance. Prior to his current position, George accumulated 33 years of professional experience with United Technologies and General Electric Aircraft Engines. During his career at GE, he provided statistical support, managed teams, and developed new courses and patent applications to solve a wide variety of engineering and manufacturing problems, including new process development, Reliability/Quality and Six Sigma training and project support. His individual Six Sigma and Design for Six Sigma projects saved GE $1.5 Million. George Dyson holds an Associate in Applied Science, a Bachelors Degree in Mechanical Engineering and a MS Degree in Engineering Management. He has taught undergraduate courses in Engineering Statistics and holds instructor certifications from GE and Motorola (Six Sigma). He has an Honorable Discharge from the U.S. Air Force Reserves 440th Troop Carrier Wing, Staff Sergeant. Terry Russell Terry Russell is a partner in ABI Associates, a business improvement consulting practice working with domestic and international companies to improve business performance through management system and process improvement and through Six Sigma training and implementation. Clients have included companies in both product manufacturing and service sectors. Prior to his current position, Terry accumulated 36 years of professional experience with the National Aeronautical and Space Administration and General Electric Aircraft Engines. With GE, Terry was recognized for his leadership in the development and implementation of international TQM based business improvement programs. Terry Russell holds a Bachelors Degree in Mechanical Engineering and Masters Degrees in Mechanical Engineering and Business Administration. He holds instructor certifications from GE, Motorola (Six Sigma) and Ford (TOPS8D), and has been Leader of the Day for several Center for Quality of Management courses. He is a registered Professional Engineer in the State of Ohio and serves as Chair of the Industrial Advisory Board for the Ohio University Department of Mechanical Engineering.
43

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_________________________________________________Applied Business Improvement

Introduction to ABI and Statgraphics Centurion

All Rights Reserved , ABI Associates, 2005

_________________________________________________Applied Business Improvement

Nobody gives a hoot about profits. Deming

Enabled Teams Active Leadership

_________________________________________________Applied Business Improvement

What is Six Sigma?

All Rights Reserved , ABI Associates, 2005

_________________________________________________Applied Business Improvement

What is Six Sigma?

All Rights Reserved , ABI Associates, 2005

_________________________________________________Applied Business Improvement

All Rights Reserved , ABI Associates, 2005

_________________________________________________Applied Business Improvement

How does Six Sigma work?

All Rights Reserved , ABI Associates, 2005

_________________________________________________Applied Business Improvement

Profit = Customer + Process + Employee

All Rights Reserved , ABI Associates, 2005

_________________________________________________Applied Business Improvement

The Process for Six Sigma Projects (DMAIC)

Statistical Process Control

All Rights Reserved , ABI Associates, 2005

_________________________________________________Applied Business Improvement

Lets look at a sampling of Six Sigma tools found in Statgraphics Centurion

All Rights Reserved , ABI Associates, 2005

_________________________________________________Applied Business Improvement

Cost of Quality for a Six Sigma Project

All Rights Reserved , ABI Associates, 2005

_________________________________________________Applied Business Improvement

Fail Free Op. Period

16.0 21.0 122.0 113.0

_________________________________________________Applied Business Improvement

The Process Map to Understand your Process Early in Six Sigma

In Control? Yes Plot Histogram Estim ate Process Capability

Capable? Yes Im prove Capability

All Rights Reserved , ABI Associates, 2005

_________________________________________________Applied Business Improvement

Brainstorming over a Fishbone Diagram

Short circuit Shroud Time Moisture content Temperature

Measurement Test coverage Inspector Defects Wrong component

Missing component Autoposition Alignment Operator Crimp Component insertion

_________________________________________________Applied Business Improvement

All Rights Reserved , ABI Associates, 2005

_________________________________________________Applied Business Improvement

Plot of Fitted Model

160 150 140 130 120 82 86 90 94 98 102 106

Systolic140 = 3.97694 + 1.57601*Diastolic80

Plot of Fitted Model

0.46 0.44 0.42 0.4 0.38 0 10 20 30 40 50

All Rights Reserved , ABI Associates, 2005

_________________________________________________Applied Business Improvement

Snapstats: A Special Feature in Statgraphics Centurion for Quick Process Capability

260 240 220 0 20 40 60 80

Long-Term Capability Sigma = 10.6823 Pp = 1.56 Ppk = 1.42 DPM = 11.03

Short-Term Capability Sigma = 10.1637 Cp = 1.64 Cpk = 1.49 DPM = 4.08

15 10 5 0 200 220 240 260 280 300

30 20 10 0 0 20 40 60 80 11.46 0.00 100

260 250.00 240 220 200 0 20 40 60 80 200.00 16 100

_________________________________________________Applied Business Improvement

Process Development Using Sequential Experimentation

Climbing to the peak of the mountain in the fewest number of trials