TERMINOLOGY OF MATERIALS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------amorphous Formless Shapeless Unstructured An electrochemical process that converts the metal surface into a decorative,

durable, corrosion-resistant and anodic oxide finish The Atom is composed of Nucleus at the centre Protons +ve charge Neutrons No charge Electrons Orbiting around the nucleus -ve charge 1st atom 2nd molecule 3rd - grains The deterioration of metal by Direct Chemical attack Electrochemical attack A process that weakens primary structural members Is a major cause of structure failure covalent Covalent bonded materials Covalent bonding (primary bonding) electroplating ion Occurs between metals and non-metals Found on extremities of the periodic table Consists of losing and gaining of electrons Covalently bonded materials Made up of molecules Lower melting and boiling points Poor conductors Not soluble in water Occurs between non-metals Involves sharing of electrons

Anodizing

atom

Corrosion (material degradation)

The application of a metal coating to a metallic or other conducting material by an electrochemical process

Ionic bonding (primary bonding)

The metals easily lose valence electrons They will have a full outer shell Become +ve charged Non-metals are ready to gain an extra electron/s They will have a full outer shell Become ve charged

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TERMINOLOGY OF MATERIALS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Ionically bonded materials Metallic bonding (primary bonding) molecule Primary bonding properties Processing of materials Secondary bonding properties Very high melting point Good electrical conductors Good thermal conductors The science and technology by which a material is converted into a useful shape with a structure and properties for a particular application Very low melting points Very low boiling points Very weak bond Ionically bonded materials Solids made of ions High melting points and boiling points Conduct electricity when melted Mostly soluble in water Occurs between metal atoms of the same element Metals have 1/2/3 valence electrons Each atom will lose the electrons to obtain a full outer shell +ve ions forming The electrons form sea or cloud of electrons and will orbit the metal as a whole The free electrons will shield the +vely charged ion cores from their repulsive charges The electrons hold the ion cores together The free electrons will shield the +vely charged ion cores from their repulsive charges The electrons hold the ion cores together

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