[root@local host ~] # useradd lincon_fci [root@local host ~] # useradd lincon_fci [root@local host ~] # passwd lincon_fci
:-
:
(6th batch) - E-mail: lincon_fci@hotmail.com
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/shariful.islam.56863?ref=tn_tnmn
Blog : http://new.somewhereinblog.net/blog/fcilincon
Mobile : 01826106255
(4th batch)
,, (running)
(4th batch)
,, (ET) (running)
, ,- , ,
-,
https://www.facebook.com/FciIctClub?ref=ts&fref=ts -
Basic computer networking & linux Redhat Enterprise 5 by MD.Shariful Islam lincon. Data telecommunication & networking department. Feni computer institute-feni. Published by FCIICT club. Cover Designed by G.Md. Mursalin
Feni computer institute | lincon_fci
[
[ , ,- , ,
-,
:
( Institute) , , , - , : , , CSE) (Feni , - , Computer , -
, ,
( , , ,
CSE)
ICT Lab
Feni computer institute | lincon_fci
-- :
..
... Network interface card (NIC) ... NIC driver ... ... ... (Hub) (switch) (Network Media) (Conector) (Router)
.. ,,
- :
..
.. , , .. UTP Cable- .. UTP Cable- .. ... Straight through Cable ... Crossover Cable ... Crimper ... Straight through Cable ... Crossover Cable ... . . . .. .. .. ... ... .. Hybrid (stat topology) - (bus) RJ-45 Jack
.. ..
, , /, ... ,
IP Address
... ..
-(Windows-7)
..
-
-
.. Ping Command .. ..
..
10
.. .. .. .. .. .. ... ...
.. Linux command mode .. Shutdown, Restart and Logout .. Others useful commands .. .. File Formatting ... Touch file formating ... Cat file formating ... vi file/editor formating . .. .. RHCT (Folder Command) RHCE (Directory Command) :
11
- :
.. .. .. Group .. ..
Normal user
.. Root User ..
.. Terminal Block .. .. .. .. .. root Time Permission Block/ Un-block File Access Permission Permission
Supper User
.. .exrc file .. .bashrc file .. Login .. Login Tittle Tittle Banner Banner Text-String Text-String
Zip
12
.. File Encrypted System in Linux .. Bridged .. Mobile Drive Mount .. CD ROM Mount .. Drive Access/ Mount .. Linux Software installation .. Yum Installation .. .. Super/root User .. grab.conf .. Boot Password Password Super/ root User Password (AT) Access
- :
. . . Swap Partition .. DUMPING .. LVM (Logical Volume Management): . Raid Partition Hard disk (Normal Partition)
:
IP Set
IP Set
Feni computer institute | lincon_fci
13
... Linux OS .. Host Name ... ... .. Host Name Host Name
IP Set
.. linux to linux networking .. Remote login ... Normal User ... Remote login .. (Fairewall for network security) Port Block Block Block message message Remote login
Remote User
.. File Transfer Protocol (FTP) Service ... FTP System File transferming ... Internet Browser run tool Windwos Client Pc FTP
14
..
(SAMBA)
.. Domain Naming System (DNS) ... Domain name Server ... Primary Domain Name Server (PDNS) ... Secoundary Domain Name Server (SDNS) .. Web Server .. (Mail server)
(Appendix)
15
-:
. . Computer network printer, scanr Share computer User : Resource - File, Cable,
: , ,
16
security userAccess
high
name
data,
password
..
: -
LAN- Local Area Network MAN- Metropoliton Area Network WAN- Wide Area Network
... -
(LAN): LAN
..: (LAN)
Feni computer institute | lincon_fci
17
... (MAN)
(MAN):
..:
(MAN)
...
(WAN): , , ,
WAN -
..: (WAN)
Feni computer institute | lincon_fci
18
(Assential
Components
... Network interface card (NIC): NIC Card , data CPU computer Hardware computer , NIC NIC Network Adapter- digital
... :
19
, Address
start>run>cmd>ipconfig/all
... : ... NIC driver: NIC ... driver software driver software (Hub): , NIC
active
PC
Feni computer institute | lincon_fci
OSI Layer
20
..:
(Hub)
...
- (switch) :
..: Switch
Feni computer institute | lincon_fci
21
Switch Network
Hard waredevice
Switch
Switch Hub -
Address
MAC Address
IP Address
... -
(Network Media) : RJ-45 cable, Co-axial cable, Radio link, satellite, tele-phone line RJ-45 cable Device Data
..:
UTP Cable
22
...
(Conector) :
..: RJ- 45 Cable Computer Cable ... (Router): 3 layer device, OSI Layer , IP Address NIC, Switch Conector Device
..:
23
LAN (Local Area Network) Wireless Router IP Address , . . (Routing Protocol) , , Wired
(Server): / , -
Feni computer institute | lincon_fci
- data
backup, file sharing, print service, application/software sharing, message service, database service, e-mail service, chat/voice call service , - , , ,
24
, RAM
. : . . NFS FTP SAMBA NIS PDNS SDNS Web Serever Maill Server DHCP Proxy Server Gate Way
*** Server
:-
(Network File System) (File Transfer Protocol) (Network Information System) (Primary Domain Name Server) (Secondary Domain Name Server)
***
Feni computer institute | lincon_fci
25
.. ,
.:
.. , :-
, Band-width
( )
.. , ,
Sandard
26
:. OSI (Sender)
Application layer ,
Physical layer
.: ,,
Feni computer institute | lincon_fci
27
OSI-7
Layer
; Frame error chaking Sent data packete Establish , Format Application Support - Data Base Access, e-mail, Service data conversion, , Application - , management, , Routing Physical Bit Frame management
Physical Layer : Layer Transmit Data Link NETWORK Transport Session : : Ackhnologement : Packete Frame fragmentation data packete Session : data link layer
Termination : : User
Presentation Application
*** , ,
, , , - - OSI Layer ***
========*************========
Feni computer institute | lincon_fci
28
-: ,
. . wave ) channel wirless media ( :
..: ,,
..:
..:
..: Infrared
29
.: ,,
.. UTP Cable- . EMI, RFI, Cross-talk . Color Code . Effect Data Transmit
30
Effect
UTP Cable
Connector
Computer :
RJ-45 Cable
o Straight Through Cabling o Crossover Cabling ... Straight Through Cable: State through Color Code , , , Straigh Cabling , Straight through Cable Straight Through Cabling ( , , - , , Process -
) Connector
Cable
31
) Connector
Process
Cross
Crossover Cabling
Crossover Cable
... Crimper
..: Crimper
Crimper
, Crossover ,
32
Straight Through
8B Connector , Crimper
:
Straight Through Cable -
Computer to Switch Switch to Printer Switch to Router ... Crossover Cable : Cross Cable etc.
RJ-45 Jack
33
Straight Cable
.: LAN Connection
. .
(A Network Topology is the physical layout of the computers, servers, and cables.) LAN
(hybrid/mash)
34
...
(bus)
: Co-axial
..:
...
..:
...
35
(The star topology consists of all of the nodes on a network connected to a central switch or hub. A node is a device attached to the network - such as a computer.) source internet.
..
Switch PC Communicate
PC
, PC
Switch Device
Straight-through Cable
Switch
....
: , ,
36
: , , Switch
... ,
Hybrid , hybrid
: , hybrid
- WAN, Internet
Cross Cable
, ,
- ***
=======****=======*****=========*******========
Feni computer institute | lincon_fci
37
-:
. . Communication , o TCP o IP o IPX/SPX o NetBEUI o HTTP o FTP (Network Protocol): (Network Protocol)
Network Protocol
...
, , / ,
TCP/ IP : - Remote
TCP Transmission Control Protocol TCP/IP, login, File Transfer, e-mail, Data
... ,
(IP address) : ,
38
IP address
: IP address
(Range of IP Class) : Range 0.0.0.0 to 127.0.0.0 [Subnet mask 255.0.0.0 ] [Subnet mask 255.255.0.0 ] [Subnet mask 255.255.255.0 ] [ Reserve ] [ Reserve ]
Range 128.0.0.0 to 191.0.0.0 Range 192.0.0.0 to 223.0.0.0 Range 224.0.0.0 to 239.0.0.0 Range 240.0.0.0 to 255.0.0.0
39
... internet
IP Address: Access o Class A o Class B o Class C Range Range Range Non-Routable IP Address IP Address , ,
...
(Advantage of IP):
Ethernet cable networking. Fiber-optic cable networking. Satellite Communication. Radio Link. physical media Communication set-up IP
192-223 ,
223.0.0.0
255.255.255.0
40
.:
: : Router ...
(Socket):
Communication
Host
41
:TCP/IP 20-21
20-21
Port number
.. , Configure designe ,
Port
Security ;
Protocol Name
ftp
Port Number
20-21
Application
File Transfer Protocol SSH Remote Access (
linux Remote Login
ssh 22
Login
Protocol login
)
Remote
linux
Server
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Router Access Protocol. Network- high speed Communication RAP
42
DNS 53
Domain name server. Web site host name DNS-Server hosting Trivial File Transfer Protocol Gopher World Wide Web /Hyper protocol. http URL Network printing protocol text transfer
69 70
80 NPP DCP 93 82
pop2 109 pop3 110 nntp imap SNMP irc imap3 119 143 161 194 220
Device Controll Protocol Networking device DCP Post Office Protocol-V2. Mail data receive POP Post Office Protocol-V3 Mail data receive POP Network News Transfer Protocol Internet Message Access Protocol Simple network management protocol. Internet Relay Chat Protocol Interactive Mail Access Protocol V3
43
Spooler IMAP4+SSL (use 993 instead) ftp protocol, control, over TLS/SSL telnet protocol over TLS/SSL imap4 protocol over TLS/SSL irc protocol over TLS/SSL pop3 protocol spop3) over TLS/SSL (was
. . , , Hardware - Softeare
(Firewall) : Access
Feni computer institute | lincon_fci
Remote Login
44
.:
: Control
.: Allowed Programs
45
public/private
, IP
=======***=====****========*****=====
46
-: - -
. , - IP Address 192.168.2.1 192.168.2.2 192.168.2.3 - : , Class C ;
.:
IP Setup ;
Password
> Control Panel > Network And Internet > Networking And Sharing Center > Change adapter Settings > Local Area Connection double Click , Window ;
47
OK
Properties
48
Mask
Use the following IP address: Gateway Address (ISP) GPRS Modem DNS Server Address (Client) IP Address / , ping , Server , Internet- Gateway Address IP Address 192.168.0.254 192.168.0.2,
IP Address IP
Subnet
192.168.2.3......
(Subnet Mask)
255.255.255.0
Gateway
Gateway Address
, (.
Feni computer institute | lincon_fci
Client
ping
49
Start
>> Show
Network
Show
Restart
Network Password
show Login
. Ping Command
Ping TCP/IP tool DOS mode ping<space> ( internet
.. .
Ping Command
50
.. . ping 192.168.2.11
Output
, , -
192.168.2.11 192.168.2.11
: Drive ( -C,D,E,F,G
File/folder
,
File/folder
51
>
> >
Change
DNS IP
Default gateway IP
IP,
Modem
.:
Gateway
DNS IP
52
Browser
-internet Explorer)
Open
: :
Gateway
gateway
=============**************=============
53
-: ( )
. . . . (Banyan) (Novell) (Microsoft) linux (Network Operating System) (Novell) : : (NOS) Session layer- (NOS)
NOS OSI-Model
Application, Presentation,
* linux Unix
. . -
User Friendly Operating System (For normal user) Non- User Friendly Operating System (For Server)
Feni computer institute | lincon_fci
54
Windows Server 2003 Windows Server 2008 linux base NOS ; Radhat Enterprise linux 9,6,5 Fedora SUSE Ubuntu Linux mint
..
Developer Source Software linux
(linux):
Internet- Open
.: (linus Torvalds)
Feni computer institute | lincon_fci
55
. .
(Advantage of linux Operating Syastem) : Software User DNS/Name Resolution Service linux linux - intel, linux , ( ( ) ) develop Secure Free Software Foundation Support Format .RPMlinux .exe
Linux
microprocessor
56
. . File & Print Service Application service Internet Service E-mail service
. .
directory
57
Root slash
Rename : -
directory ,
/ Forward Rename
/ file path
; /home
.: redhat linux
/bin
executable file
/sbin
Administative user directory. Supper user executable file Supper user directory.
/root
/home
Home file/documents
Usre
info-directiory. User
Feni computer institute | lincon_fci
58
/var
/usr
/etc
/tmp
/mnt
/mnt
mount
Access
/swap
RAM
/dev
/boot
/lost+found
System
data/file
59
..
linux -
Hard-disk partition
xp/winows
- Virtual Download
Virtual software
http://download1us.softpedia.com/dl/74b9235cd219ac1a1ed95c6e79d44f4b/4fc8a464/100005341/software /system/vmware/VMware-workstation-full-8.0.3-703057.exe
Open
60
Next
Typical
Next
. version
Next
Linux
61
. Red
Location Drive
Browse Folder ,
location
User
62
Disk Size 12 GB 20 GB Allocate all disk space now. , Finish button Click
Disk Creating
*** Linux red hat Enterprise Windwos Linux red hat Enterprise
Dual Booting
Installation
An ISO file, also called a disc image, is a single file thats a copy of an entire
data CD or DVD. When you burn a CD or DVD from an ISO file, the new disc has the same folders, files, and properties as the original disc. The most common way to get an ISO file is to download it from a website. For example, you might download and then use an ISO file to update software on your computer.
linux
installation file , DVD/CD linux installation Hard Disk ISO file installation ***
Feni computer institute | lincon_fci
63
..
()
window
()
CD/DVD installation ,
CD/DVD Drive linux Red hat Enterprise-5 installation CD Browse CD/DVD ROM , OK
64
()
Red 5
Vartual Hat
Workstation Hat
( machine - Enterprise5
VMware Enterprise
name Red )
() mode
<ENTER>
press
65
()
start
()
Screen
<Next>
()
Langusge <Next>
Selection
(English)
66
() (U.S
English)
<Next>
() , <ok>
()
<Skip>
67
()
()
<Next>
68
() New >> Mount point: / Size(MB): 500 <Ok> /home 500 MB, /usr 4000 MB, /var 4000 MB
<Next>
Feni computer institute | lincon_fci
69
()
<Next>
window
()
window <Next>
70
()
window Asia/Dhaka
<Next>
()
window
Customize later
<Next>
71
()
<Next>
()
- Linux <Next>
Installation -
72
() Re-start , <Reboot>
():
Re-start
73
()
Re-start
<Forward>
()
License
Agreement
74
()
window
<Forward>
75
()
window <Forward>
()
<Forward>
76
()
Registation
window Registation ,
time
()
77
()
Update
window ,
()
root
user
Non-
<Forward>
78
() System
Sound
<Forward>
()
linux
Red installation
hat
Enterprise-5
Additional
Software
installation
Feni computer institute | lincon_fci
79
() root
() root
80
:-
Windows base OS
*** Graphics Mode Command/text Mode Alt+Ctrl+F1 ( F1 F6 ) Command/text Mode Graphics Mode Alt+Ctrl+F7 linux- Text mode F7 Graphics Mode Login F1 F6 () ***
Text mode
81
Linux OS Desktop
Alt+Ctrl+F7 -
: Graphics Mode
82
Graphics Mode
Alt+Ctrl+F1 (F1
F6
text/command mode
: linux
Command/text Mode
*** VMware Workstation Ctrl+Alt VMware Workstation Ctrl+Alt+Enter *** *** Network Operating System linux, linux -
, , Linux installation , RED HAT ENTERPRISE LINUX-5 Text/command mode Command , Linux Command - linux operating ***
=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=******=-=-=-=-==-==-=-==-==-=-=-===--=
Feni computer institute | lincon_fci
83
-:
, Directory Edit Text/command mode , , Windows, XP directory command
, File
Operating ,
- PC Shut dwon, Reboot/restart, File Delete, cut, copy, , File Searching, Rename, File/folder
- Linux command
.. Linux command mode Linux mode Command Mode Linux Expart #bash mode Normal User#sh #bash mode
#sh mode
#bash mode
sh mode
bash
#bash.
#bash mode
Command)
#init 0 #poweroff #telinit 0 #shutdown -h now Shut down
Description)
Shut down 1 2,3,4,5.. , - ,
#shutdown -h
Shut down
85
#shutdown -c
shutdown
User Account
root User
PC Restart PC Restart 1
#shutdown -r 1
PC Restart # shutdown -r 5
***
2,3,4,5.. - , ,
<Enter> ***
Command)
Screen #clear #whoami
Description)
User Name
root
Feni computer institute | lincon_fci
86
#hostname
: Host .localdomain
localhost
usr
#PS1=\h \u \w \! #PS1=\! \w \u \h
[root@localhost ~]# h = Host name, u = User name, w = Present Working Directory \!= Number of Current Command
#date
87
#date 0930222012.00
: =22,
=09, 2012
=30,
#cal
:),
, ,
#fdisk -l
Hard Disk , - Disk size, Drive list, Drive size, Sectors/track #fdisk -l Hard Disk , Hard Disk Drive( -sda1) #fdisk -l /dev/sda1
88
Hard Disk performance Speed /dev/sda1 performance speed Hard Disk badside
#fdisk -l
Hard Disk , - Disk size, Drive list, Drive size, Sectors/track #fdisk -l Hard Disk , Hard Disk Drive( -sda1) #fdisk -l /dev/sda1
Hard Disk performance Speed /dev/sda1 performance speed Hard Disk badside
#badblocks -s
#history
:History
Feni computer institute | lincon_fci
89
#!31
history Command list Command , #!31 Arrow key , history Command list <Enter> key
***
Ctrl+C
***
..
(Directory Command)
Description) (Command)
# cd /home #cd /mnt # cd '/ home' '/ mnt' /root # cd
# ls ***
File***
Folder
90
# ls -F #ls /var #ls /home #ls /etc #ls /etc/xml /var '/ home' '/ etc' '/ etc'
xml
list permission
file/folder
# ls -l File permission r = Read, w = Write, x = Exicution File/Folder -rwx File/Folder permission hidden file hidden file Software #whatis bind File/Folder permission
# ls -a #ls -la
#tree #uptime
#whatis softwareName
tree -
91
. . File Linux- (
)
(File Formating) Blank File linux- Editor. : read, write, move, cut,
() #touch () #cat
... Touch File Formating : #touch FileName touch File , #touch Bangladesh , #touch F1,F2,F3,F4
F1,F2,F3,F4 .
(Command)
(Description)
Touch File : #touch Dhaka
# touch FileName
Touch File ,
, #touch /mnt/FileName
Feni computer institute | lincon_fci
92
, *** , File
# rm FileName
# rm -rf FileName
# rm -rf /mnt/FileName
angla folder
: Bangladesh
..: Bangladesh
Cat File
Feni computer institute | lincon_fci
93
***
Save
Ctrl + D
Command)
#cat>FileName Cat File : #cat>Dhaka
Description)
#cat FileName
Cat File : #cat Bangladesh Cat File : #cat Bangladesh Cat File
#cat>>FileName
Cat File
-fci1, fci2, fci3 fci4 Cat File #cat fci1 fci2 fci3>fci4
Cat File ,
/mnt - BDjo ,
/home
94
paste ,
: Bangladesh
Blank Vi File
Text insert i
key Board
: Vi File
insert mode
Feni computer institute | lincon_fci
95
File Save , ,
Vi
Save
Esc
: Vi File , ,
: Vi File
line number
, <Enter>
line number
: Vi File
line ,
:nu
96
indea
line
Esc
line number]
, <Esc>:15<Enter>
: <Esc>:15<Enter>
line line
Word Search [
:/WORD <Enter>
- <Esc>:/algoritam<enter>
97
: algoritham Word
line ,
Word , ]
: Computer
), radio
Vi File Word Search, Word replace Case ignor , Vi File Open , <Esc>:set ic <Enter> ***
98
copy
Copy
(Esc: mode-)
cut
Cut
(Esc: mode-)
[ Copy
copy type , ]
Copy Copy
, [ Cut
cut , ]
Cut , Cut
type
, <Esc> TotalLineNumber DD
Paste paste
: P
paste
99
. .
Command)
Description)
key-Word, / File , -name File
, find , -type f
Folder , , - Type f d - feni Folder , #find / -type d -name feni , - Bangladesh , #find / -type f -name an* Folder - National , Folder Folder
st
100
#find / -type f -name *Last3LetterOfFile
, Folder Folder
delete
, File delete
File
{} \;
delete
delete
Folder
{} \; N
#find / -type f -name FileName -exec rm
directory
-rf {} \;
-rf {} \;
directory
101
- Dhaka ,
#du -h FileName
#du -h Dhaka
Text
: banggladesh , (1) Keyboard Access - DNT, CST, EEE vi File Access , #vim -o DNT CST EEE *** <Esc> ctrl+w+w , ***
102
Vi File
: file1 file2
vi-file
Access
. .
(Folder Command)
Command)
#mkdir FolderName Folder -
Description)
angla Folder , #mkdir bangla angla Folder , #cd /mnt/bangla
#ls
#mkdir -p /mnt/F1/F2/F3/F4
T2,
103
lincon ,
Folder
: :
#cp -r SourceAddressWithFileName /DistrinationAddress Folder copy /mnt , /var hostel folder , #cp -r /var/class /mnt/hostel class copy folder
.. RHCT RHCT -
Certificat
Linux Certified
RHCE
RHCT- Red Hat Certified Tecnician. RHCE- Red Hat Certified Engineer. Linux OS operate Network Security RHCT Linux Base Network setup, Server Configure,
RHCE
104
***
Linux Operate
=========********=============*******=========
105
-:
Linux base networking Time Permission , Red Hat Certified Tecnician , Group User Block/Disconstruction , User User, YAM installation, , , New User Create Software installation, UserSupper/root User . User Super/root User Re-source : linux user root user Login Facebook User ; #useradd UserName
UserName - karim User ,
#useradd karim
Password
#passwd UserName
UserName
, New
106
Login
- Ctrl+Alt+F2) Open
.. : New User
Login
*** .. : #
$ Normal User
Normal User ,
$ ***
. .
Command)
#ls /home User
Description)
107
Un- lock
root user
Auto login
life time
: karim
#cat /etc/shadow
Password information
108
, Network Adminastator
#groupadd GroupName
GroupName , - Computer ,
#groupadd computer
..
Command)
#usermod -G GroupName UserName : karim
Description)
Computer ,
Reserved
109
#groupdel GroupName
: /var
: Normal User ,
Normal User
, Vi File open
110
karim ALL=/usr/sbin/useradd,/usr/bin/passwd
[ karim UserName ]
karim
UserName]
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin <Esc>:wq Karim Terminal Open <Enter> New user Create Karim User login <Enter>
Ctrl+Alt+F2
Normal User
NewUserName
<Enter>
111
Ctrl+Alt+F3
(Ex- mamun)
? , Login
Terminal-3 open
.: karim
Normal User
ikra
New User
. . root User
Copy
Command
Wheel
UserName (Ex-mamun)
<Esc>:wq <Enter>
Save
,
( - /var (Ex-mamun) Login Bangladesh
Ctrl+Alt+F2
Terminal-2 open
, Supper User
) Copy
.. Terminal Block Terminal Block User Block # <Esc>:wq root User Copy <Enter> Save <Enter> login F1 F6 ; <Enter> Paste login
#vim /etc/security/access.conf
Insert mode
Insert mode
Account required /lib/security/pam_access.so <Esc>:wq <Enter> login Terminal Block open Vi File Ctrl+Alt+F2 F6 Terminal User/root user
: : root User logout login , Save Graph Mode Open Vi File <Esc>:wq <Enter>
logout
113
Time Permission
: User ; login
Time permission
<Enter> <Enter> , #
login;tty*;UserName;Fr0100-2300
2300 , karim login F2 , Login;tty*;karim;Su!1120-1618
, mamun
tty*
, UserName
F1-F6
, Fr
Friday
0100login
login
: : ,
, Login;tty2;mamun;Mo0210-1400
Saturday = Sa Tuesday = Tu
Monday = Mo Thusday = Th
<Esc>:wq <Enter>
[Save
]
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114
insert mode
Blank line
<Esc>:wq <Enter>
.. :
Block/ Un-block
Permission
#vi /etc/security/access.conf <Esc>:set nu <Enter> Configure File Y <Esc>P Insert mode Edit -:ALL EXCEPT root UserName:ALL # (yy) , Blank line <Enter> paste Insert mode
UserName , - kamal
, Server Access
115
Server Access
, -:ALL EXCEPT root mamun jamal kamal lincon:ALL , -:ALL EXCEPT root tty2 , -:ALL EXCEPT root tty3 , -:ALL EXCEPT root tty5
Blank line
<Esc>:wq <Enter>
, login login
..
Permission
karim
Access
Terminal
login
, f1
File/Folder
Access
116
login
File/Folder
fci
File
Access information
List
#ls -l /var/fci
, fci
file
Access information
show
fci
Normal User
access
117
/mnt
test ,
Read
permission
/mnt permission
test
Read
Write
/mnt permission
test
Normal User
Read, Write
Execute
/var
fci
root User
permission
/var
fci
root User ,
Write
root User ,
Execute
permission
/home permission
bangla ,
Read
/home
bangla
Group User-
Read
Write
permission
118
/home
bangla permission
Group User
Read, Write
Execuit
/mnt block
dnt
Read
permission
/var
fci
root User ,
Write
Group User
Read, Write
Execuit
permission block
Permissionl
Normal
Permissionl
Normal User
119
User
, 6=4+2=rw for root user; 4=r for Group User & 7=4+2+1=rwx for Normal
.. File Permission ; : u1 #useradd u1 #passwd u1 #useradd u2 #useradd u2 : g1 #groupadd g1 : u1 #usermod -G g1 u1 : /mnt #vi /mnt/feni #chgrp g1 /mnt/feni : Access feni feni vi File User g1 u2
g1
Permission U2 Access
U1
120
***
***
U1 U1
g1
Password Change New UNIX password: ***** Retype new UNIX password: ***** ***** login New password
password ?
-123 #logout
Password
. : Supper User
Password
Vi File .exrc
Access
Set Number
Set ic
Parmanently
Configure
121
Blank vi <Enter>
open
Save
insert mode
<Esc>:wq
. Vi File
Case ignor
.bashrc
-#clear
<Enter>
alias UserDefineName=Command
#c #his #wmi
, alias da=date
122
<Esc>:wq #reboot
**
<Enter>
restart **
UserDefineName
-#clear linux
#c
Side effect
: :
Tittle ,
Banner
Tikanga)
Root user
login
123
#vim /etc/issue
Insert mode Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5 , Tikanga) Save , ### Feni Computer Institute ###
, banner/tittle Name
Tittle
Banner
, WelCome Text ;
Root user
Insert mode ,
login
#vim /etc/motd
<Esc>:wq #logout
<Enter> login
root User
, Login
124
Zip
: Security ;
Save ,
Zip
File Zip
(Ex- dhaka)
,
#vi dhaka
Text insert
<Esc>:wq
list
Zip
Size
#du -h dhaka.gz
[ : : .gz Zip File File Size Zip File Size 4/5 KB *] * Zip
UnZip Un-Zip
: File ,
#gunzip dhaka.gz
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125
....
Zip
:
[zip [List [ ] ] ]
File Encrypte
, ;
(Ex- cow)
, Save
#vi cow
Text insert
<Esc>:wq
<Enter> Encrypte
Password (
Encrypte
;
Password)
126
.gpg
Encrypted
Encrypted
Cow
#vi cow.gpg
.: Encrypted
<Esc>:q!
<Enter> :
password
Encrypted
physical connection
VMware Workstation
Mobile drive access, LAN Connection, CD/DVD R/w Access Bridged #poweroff VMware Workstation Ethernet host-only > Menu bar VM Option > OK
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127
Access
USB port
information Ctrl+c
information
remove
.. CD ROM Mount #cd #mount /dev/cdrom /mnt #ls /mnt CD ROM Umount :
[ CD ROM
[ /mnt
mount ]
128
.. Linux Software installation Linux #cd #mount /dev/cdrom /mnt #mkdir -p /var/ftp/pub #cp -r /mnt/* /var/ftp/pub
[
: , Software installation
Software
CD ROM
CD ROM mount
, Server
capital letter
129
Server
mc
Software
install
<Enter>
Mc Software
software Exit
run
access
open
, #mc Enter
> F10
Uninstallation
Mc
Software
[ .rpm
#rpm -e mc-
: linux software ;
install/uninstall
Yum installation
#cd
CD ROM
/mnt
mount
#mount /dev/cdrom /mnt Folder #cd #mkdir -p /var/ftp/pub /var ftp ftp pub
130
#ls
/mnt
mount-
Copy
pub
Folder paste
#cd
#cd /etc/yum.repos.d/ #ls #cp rhel-debuginfo.repo abc.repo #vim abc.repo <Esc>:set nu <Enter>
insert mode
vi
Edit
Server
capital letter
<Esc>:wq #cd
pub
<Enter>
Folder
[
Server
, Server
list
S
Yum installation
capital letter
#createrepo -v /var/ftp/pub/Server
[S
capital letter
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] 131
2113
Software set
[S
capital letter
OS-
.. Linux Time Assign administrator Server administrator ; #date System time / / / AT Reboot
AT Command
File
132
.: #date
System time #at 01:20 at>touch FileName #at now+10 minute at>mkdir /mnt/karim vi File AT Command AT Command
at> AT
/mnt
Ctrl+D Karim
/var
Ctrl+D fci
, /etc feni
#at now+8 minute at>mkdir /var/fci at>vi /etc/feni AT Command : #at Date - #at 25/10/2012 at>useradd karim at>touch /etc/bangla
karim bangla File
133
Ctrl+D
at>poweroff AT Command
Ctrl+D
Assign
job/AT Command
,
Job
#at -l
Assign : :- job/AT Command
.. Super/root User Password User/ Password restart Super/root , User login Password ; boot loading Linux OS key press Password
Super/root User
Super/root User
134
.. : linux OS
press
Window
:..
<Enter>
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135
: ..
B root User
press
linux OS sh-3#
Open
Password
Sh-3.1# passwd New UNIX password: ***** Retype new UNIX password: ***** ***** Restart Sh-3.1# reboot . root Password grab.conf boot Password User/ , root password -123456 root Password login
Password
root Password
root Password
: , root Password
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boot ,
136
; login
grab.conf
Configure
boot password
Root User
0 1
, linux OS open
OS setup OS Booting
Computer Booting 0
Edit
Timeout=5
insert
, Botting Window
<Enter> ;
Blank
Boot Password
Password=123456
123456 Password
Password
<Enter> Password=abcde
Password
Blank
abcde
137
: Editing
grub.conf
<Esc>:wq #reboot
<Enter> Restart
..
Boot Password
Press
Password:*****
E press , Window
138
..
Edit
..
press
Password
**
linux OS sh-3# root User
Open
..
Password
**
139
Retype new UNIX password: ***** ***** Sh-3.1# reboot Restart password -123456 root Password login
========================================================
: linux Power on self test (POST) ; root user login #htsysv Screen- show *sent mail *
linux base
networking
(RHCT)
=====********=====;;;;;;;;;========*******======
140
-:
. Dumping, LVM ,
.
setup Size Memory Size
(Normal Partition):
linux Memory
VMware Workstation ,
VMware Workstation > Edit Virtual machine > Add > Hard Disk
141
-2GB)
>
VMware Workstation
#cd
root User
Linux login
#fdisk -l
Hard disk /dev/sd
#fdisk /dev/sdb m n p 1 <Enter> +1020M w ; #partprobe /dev/sdb Hard disk .ext3 Formatting ; Hard disk OS
Hard disk
e_drive
) Mount
Folder Name
142
Save
#wq Hard disk information : Hard disk #fdisk -l /dev/sd 1 Partition Delete
#umount /dev/sdb1 /e_drive #fdisk /dev/sdb m d w #fdisk -l VMware Workstation Hard Disk
/dev/sd 1 Hard disk
Remove
; Dialog Box
143
VMware Workstation
.. Swap Partition Swap Memory ; Root User #fdisk -l #fdisk /dev/sda m n <Enter> +100M m t
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System
Secoundary
(RAM
Swap
Swap Partition
login
144
sda7 drive]
#swapon -s #mkswap -v1 /dev/sda7 #swapon -a /dev/sda7 #swapon -s #fdisk -l #vi /etc/fstab
vi File insert mode
Poweroff
Swap Partition
Save
<Esc>:wq #free
Server
User information
145
#cd /home #ls #dump u -f /dev/sda /home , #cd /home #ls #rm -rf * #ls /home /home DUMPING /home DUMPING
System,
Size
LVM
146
147
#mkfs.ext3 /dev/newvg/lvol0
( lvmdisk FoldeName)
Mount
#mount /dev/newvg/lvol0 /lvmdisk #cd /lvmdisk #touch a1 a2 a3 #cd #df -h /lvmdisk lvmdisk , LVM Size LVM
lvmdisk
lvmdisk
Size
:
20MB
#lvextend -L +20M /dev/newvg/lvol0 #df -h /lvmdisk #resize2fs /dev/newbg/lvol0 #df -h /lvmdisk #ls /lvmdisk lvmdisk
148
lvmdisk #cd
Size
#umount /dev/newvg/lvol0 /lvmdisk #fsck -f /dev/newvg/lvol0 #resize2fs /dev/newvg/lvol0 40M #lvcreate /dev/newvg/lvol0 -L 40M #mount /dev/newvg/lvol0 /lvmdisk #df -h /lvmdisk #ls /lvmdisk #fdisk -l lvmdisk LVM
40MB
149
.. Raid Partition Data Backup Secoundary Memory , Raid partition Data Backup
Secoundary Memory VMware Workstation root User #cd #fdisk -l #fdisk /dev/sdb m login
150
n p 1 <Enter> +1024M t l fd w #partprobe /dev/sdb #fdisk -l Secoundary Memory sdc #fdisk -l #fdisk /dev/sdc m n p 1 <Enter> +1024M t l fd w #partprobe /dev/sdc #fdisk -l
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151
md0
sdb
sdc
#mdadm --detail /dev/md0 #mkfs.ext3 /dev/md0 #mkdir /raiddisk #cd /raiddisk #ls Raiddisk #cd /raiddisk ( ) #touch f1 f2 f3 f4 ( -sdc) raiddisk /remove , Raid partition HDD md0 mount #mount /dev/md0 /raiddisk
raiddisk
Raid Partition
#mdadm /dev/md0 -f /dev/sdc1 #mdadm --detail /dev/md0 #mdadm /dev/md0 -r /dev/sdc1 #ls
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raiddisk
#cd /raiddisk
152
, Hard disk sdb Remove Remove Raid disk #cd #fdisk -l #fdisk /dev/sdd m n p 1 +1024M t l fd w #partprobe /dev/sdd #fdisk -l #mdadm /dev/md0 -a /dev/sdd1 Ctrl+c , raiddisk
153
-:
Fairewall Linux base networking .. Linux OS Linux ... Linux OS #cd #ifconfig eth0 192.168.2.100
192.168.2.100
IP Set :
- IP
setup, Host & Domain name setup, linux to linux message passing, Remote login,
IP Set
IP Set Login ;
root User
#ifconfig
154
IP Set Login ;
Network configuration > Tab > Run tool > <Enter> <Enter> <Space> ; * *
>
>
155
: Host Name
Host Name ,
root User
... Linux OS
Host Name , ;
Host Name Host Name #cd #vim /etc/sysconfig/network <Esc>:set nu <Enter> root User
Login
Open
Network
156
Host Name
Domain Name
HOSTNAME=HostName.DomainName.TopLevelDomaiName :- HOSTNAME=mycomputer.feni.com
, mycomputer Host Name, feni Domain Name com Top level domain name
Lan Card
restart
Save
; ;
<Esc>:wq
<Enter>
.. : Domain names are used to identify one or more IP addresses. For example, the domain name
microsoft.com represents about a dozen IP addresses. Domain names are used in URLs to identify particular Web pages. For example, in the URL http://www.pcwebopedia.com/index.html, the domain name is pcwebopedia.com. Every domain name has a suffix that indicates which top level domain (TLD) it belongs to. There are only a limited number of such domains. For example: gov - Government agencies edu - Educational institutions org - Organizations (nonprofit) mil - Military com - commercial business net - Network organizations ca Canada bd Bangladesh
... source internet
157
.: Domain tree
Domain Name - dhaka.bangla.com feni.bangla.com comilla.bangla.com dnt.fci.com cst.fci.com ent.fci.com dhaka, feni, comilla
.bangla .fci
158
: Domain name (.
(linux) (linux)
)
LAN
PC-1
PC-3
PC-5
, IP
PC-3
Server
255.255.255.0
***
Default
192.168.2.3
host
***
domain
ping ping
linux
#ping IPAddress/HostName
159
Host table ;
#vim /etc/hosts
insert , ,
linux1.cst.com linux1 linux2.cst.com linux2 linux3.dnt.com linux3 linux4.dnt.com linux4 linux5.ent.com linux5 linux6.ent.com linux6 <Enter> restart ;
#service network restart Host table configuration Domain name linux ; #ping DomainName - #ping linux1.cst.com #ping linux3.dnt.com #ping linux5.ent.com Ping host PC
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ping
ping
linux to
linux networking
160
.. Remote login
Remote login
.: Remote login
LAN
PC-1
PC-3
Remote login
Pc-1 login
[Remote PC-
root User
Password]
161
.. Normal User
Remote login
LAN , ;
PC-6
Normal
#ssh karim@linux6.ent.com
[Remote PC- karim Normal User Password]
Command)
#who / information
Description)
Remote Access , User
162
#ps -e
====================================================== .. ... Protocol . Block Port linux Block : Port Number Protocol #kill -kill PortNumber - #kill -kill 3804 : 8080 , Proxy port Block Block Proxy port Port Number Block ; (Fairewall for network security) . . /
Protocol
Proxy port
#kill -kill 8080 ... information #cd #who Remote User Port Login
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User
Block /
: Access ,
163
#ps -e Block #kill -kill 3971 Remote User 3971 3971 Port Port Block Login
Block
<Enter>
yy Paste Vi File Copy Save <Enter> insert mode # yes Copy yes
<Esc>:wq
Server Access ,
Insert mode
164
Restart
Computer
Host
<Enter>
Block , cst.com Domain name Save
Host Computer
Insert mode
<Enter> Restart
Domain name Remore login Block Host Computer
=============================================================
165
message
message
Dear remote user, Assalamualikum & very very good morning to you all.
message Sent Ctrl+D
message
- #write karim
message
*** ::
166
-:
.. Network File System (nfs) Server: Linux to linux , . nfs Server login nfs #cd #yum install nfs* 192.168.2.3 IP Software installation install (. ) linux3.dnt.com linux networking linux3.dnt.com root user Network file system (nfs) server
Yum installation
data/file #cd
#mkdir /sharefolder
sharefolder touch file
#vim /etc/exports
167
/sharefolder *(ro,sync)
Access Host computer ( ; FileOrFolderNameWithLocation host1 host2 host3 (ro,sync) /sharefolder linux1 linux5 linux6 (ro,sync) * sharefolder Server Administrator - linux1, linux5, linux6) Access ,
linux1,linux5,linux6
<Esc>:wq #cd
<Enter> Restart
#service nfs restart #service portmap restart IP Table Save #iptables F #service iptables save
...
nfs Server :
Access
nfs Server
Login
168
nfs server
#showmount -e 192.168.2.3
192.168.2.3 sharefolder nfs Server
sharefolder
Download
#mount 192.168.2.3:/sharefolder /mnt #mount linux3:/sharefolder /mnt #ls /mnt , Copy #cp -r /mnt/* /root #cd sharefolder #ls #cd #umount 192.168.2.3:/sharefolder /mnt #umount linux3:/sharefolder /mnt Umount
Access
/mnt
.. File Transfer Protocol (FTP) Service : File transfer protocol (FTP) Password Upload linux Login , FTP Service FTP Server User name linux to File/folder/software/data download
169
. ftp Server ,
linux
networking
linux1
Host
192.168.2.1 IP
linux1 install (.
root user )
login
array jey [ *
vsftpd ]
Active
Edit
Save
manic (
#cd /home/Hassan
170
#mkdir backup #cd backup #touch f1 f2 f3 #cd #chmod -R 777 /home/hassan #chmod -R 777 /home/limon #chmod -R 777 /home/manic
777 data
backup
portmap restart
#service portmap restart #iptables -F #service iptables save #getenforce Enforcing permissive #setenforce 0 #getenforce Access Password login linux FTP Server Configuration ; Hassan/limon/mani
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FTP Server
Name
171
#ftp 192.168.2.1
#ftp linux1.fci.com
192.168.2.1 ftp server IP Address
f1
Download
ftp> mget f*
* f File download
:y FTP server ftp> bye #cd #ls #mkdir upload #cd upload #touch a1 a2 a3 #cd
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f1
root
download
Permission
172
#chmod -R 777 upload #ftp 192.168.2.1 User Name: Hassan Passwd: ****** ftp> ls ftp> cd backup ftp> ls ackup Upload
Upload
Upload
ftp Server
login
#ftp linux1.cst.com
upload
Folder-
a File Upload
:y ftp> bye linux to linux FTP Server windows interner Explorer Access windwos google chrome) open ; internet browser (
FTP server
Bridge . ***
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173
URl
URL
<Enter>
windows
file
upload/download
file
upload/download
Command)
ftp> get ftp> mget ftp> send ftp> put ftp> mput
Description)
Download ; ftp> get f1 Download ; ftp> mget f1 f2 upload ; ftp> send a1 upload ; ftp> send a1 Upload ; ftp> mput f1 f2
174
run tool
Windwos Client Pc -
FTP
OK
ftp
System,
)
linux3.dnt.com
175
login
192.168.2.3 IP (
Yum installation ,
#yum list ypbind* #yum list portmap* #yum list ypserv* #yum list nscd*
software :y #yum install portmap* :y #yum install ypserv* :y #yum install nscd* :y installation Install
Network
Edit
176
securenets
vi File
IP
Edit
<Esc>:wq
<Enter>
exports
Edit
177
<Esc>:wq
<Enter> Restart
#service portmap restart #service yppasswdd start #service ypserv start #/usr/lib/yp/ypinit m Ctrl+D Y #make -C /var/yp #service ypbind restart
Failled
#service nscd restart #setenforce 0 NIS NIS Server NIS set root user install login )
178
Yum installation
(.
software
installation
#yum list ypbind* #yum list portmap* #yum list yp-tools* #yum list nscd*
software :y #yum install portmap* :y #yum install yp-tools* :y #yum install nscd* :y installation Install
Network
Edit
179
auto.master
Edit
/home <Esc>:wq
/etc/auto.nis <Enter>
auto.nis
Edit
<Esc>:wq
<Enter> Restart
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180
#service nscd restart #service autofs restart (Out put): NIS server logout ) , ( root User
- login: nis1 Password: ****** NIS NIS Server , server Administrator NIS Normal User Server Administrator root User ; login document Document , server root User Server Administrator
181
login
User
login
document
Server/Network
=================================================================== .. Networking File, printer Microsoft SAMBA (SAMBA) Windwos machine SMB-Server Message Protocol Data download / , (SAMBA) . SAMBA Server login samba :Y
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(SAMBA)
Windows ,
linux/unix , exicuit
download, upload
192.168.2.5 IP Software
installation
182
restart
( :- smb1, smb2 )
/etc
samba
smbpasswd
#touch /etc/samba/smbpasswd SAMBA Server Access #smbpasswd -a smb1 passwd: ***** #smbpasswd -a smb2 Passwd: ***** SAMBA Password Database information #cat /etc/samba/smbpasswd smb.conf <Enter>
Password
Edit
workgroup=samba
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183
Copy
Edit
<Esc>7YY ) Paste
, , ,
<Esc>:wq
#getenforce #setenforce 0
184
#getenforce restart
#service smb restart #service portmap restart #iptables -F #service iptables save linux- SAMBA server Configure ; Windwos client pc Work Group SAMBA
Start > Control Panel > System and security > System > > change , Dialogue Box Workgroup - Dialogue Box Text Box SAMBA OK Start >> SAMBA Password login Network SAMBA Server User Name
185
.. Domain naming system (DNS): DNS name , Host Name Host table DNS DNS Host table base DNS LAN host table - WAN internet Data Host table Information DNS TCP/IP . , Host table DNS Host
IP Address IP Address
- www.google.com
192.168.3.5
... Domain name Server: Domain name server name IP Address DNS server Name Server DNS server , Host information
1. PDNS- Primary Domain Name Server 2. SDNS- Secoundary Domain Name Server PDNS server
Feni computer institute | lincon_fci
Network-
Active
Automaticaly back-up
SDNS server
186
... Primary Domain Name Server (PDNS): , . ; root user caching install software install login ) install Networking 192.168.2.5 IP
PDNS Server
PDNS Server
192.168.2.5 IP bind
(.
Configure file
, named.local (
Reverse File)
localhost.zone
Forword File)
***
/named ***
#cd /var/named/chroot/var/named #cp localhost.zone fci.fzone #ls -l #cp named.local fci.rzone #ls -l #chgrp named fci.fzone #ls -l #chgrp named fci. rzone #ls l Forward File Configure
fci domain name
#vim fci.fzone
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187
<Esc>:set nu
vi file
<Enter>
, , Edit
root.fci.com. (
linux5.fci.com.
linux5 <Esc>:wq
<Enter>
, , Edit
IN IN IN
SOA NS A
IN
5
PTR linux5.fci.com.
DNS Server IP address 192.1682.2.5 5,
<Esc>:wq
<Enter> )
Edit
#vim /etc/named.rfc1912.zones
- (yy11),
<Enter>
paste
, ,
zone fci.com IN {
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188
<Enter>
acl class { 192.168.2.0/24; }; listen-on port 53 { 192.168.2.5; }; allow-query match-clients { localhost; class; }; { localhost; class; };
{ localhost; class; };
#vim /etc/resolv.conf
vi
189
#service named restart #service named restart #rndc reload #service portmap restart #iptables F #service iptables save , #cd #ping fci.com , LAN linux/windows DNS Server DNS IP Ping 192.168.2.5 PDNS server configuration ping DNS server
PDNS Server
Configure file
, named.local (
Reverse File)
localhost.zone
Forword File)
#cd /var/named/chroot/var/named
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190
***
#ls -l
/namede ***
SDNS Server
linux6 <Esc>:wq
IN A <Enter>
192.168.2.6
<Enter>
insert mode <Enter>
6
6
IN
PTR
linux6.fci.com.
IP address 192.1682.2.6 6,
SDNS Server
<Esc>:wq
<Enter>
#vim /etc/resolv.conf
vi SDNS Server IP Address
191
restart
#service named restart #service named restart #rndc reload #service portmap restart #iptables F #service iptables save , SDNS Server . ; root user caching install software install login ) install Networking , 192.168.2.6 IP
SDNS Server
192.168.2.6 IP bind
(.
#cd /var/named/chroot/var/named #ls #cd slaves *** #ls #vim /etc/named.rf(Tab <Esc>:set nu
,
/slaves ***
#vim /etc/named.rfc1912.zones
- Edit (11yy),
<Enter>
paste
,,,
192
zone 2.168.192.in-addr.anpa IN { type slave; file slaves/det.rzone; masters { 192.168.2.5; }; }; <Esc>:wq <Enter> )
insert mode Edit <Enter> 0-24 host ,
<Enter>
acl class { 192.168.2.0/24; }; listen-on port 53 { 192.168.2.6; }; allow-query match-clients { localhost; class; }; { localhost; class; };
{ localhost; class; };
#vim /etc/resolv.conf
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vi
193
#service named restart #service named restart #rndc reload #service portmap restart #iptables F #service iptables save , , fci.com SDNS Server SDNS server configuration ping SDNS server poweroff ping DNS Server
DNS
DNS IP
Networking
-. ) Web Server
root user
login
194
install
(.
vi File
.html
vi File
HTML Page
<head>my html page</head> <body> <h1><center> wel-come to feni computer institute </center></h1> </body> </html>
<virtualHost 192.168.2.1:80>
, # Edit
192.168.2.1
web server IP
195
Graphics URL
(Ctrl+Alt+F1)
#elinks http://linux1.fci.com
file > Exit > yes
***
Web server
; ***
root user
login
196
Edit
Save
#vim /var/named/chroot/var/named/fci.fzone
vi File
www <Esc>:wq
IN CNAME <Enter>
linux1.fci.com.
#service named restart #rndc reload httpd Configuration file Edit #vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf <Esc>:set nu
paste
<Enter>
Paste Edit # Save Copy ,
ServerName www.fci.com
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197
<Esc>:wq
<Enter>
<Enter>
# * #
<Esc>:wq
<Enter>
.. E-mail text fci.com login DNS DNS electronic mail binary data
System,
198
Yum installation sendmail dovecot #yum install sendmail* #yum install dovecot* Dovecot.conf <Esc>:set nu
install Software
(. install
<Enter>
#
#vim /etc/dovecot.conf
save
<Esc>:wq sendmail.mc
<Enter> <Enter>
, single Domainname fci.com ,
<Esc>:wq
<Enter>
#cd /var/named/chroot/var/named
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199
#ls
Forward zoneEdit
<Enter>
insert mode <Enter> ;
)1D(
)( <Enter>
)IN MX 10(
)(
)mail.fci.com.
<Esc>:wq
Restart
#service named restart #service named restart #rndc reload #service portmap restart #service sendmail restart #service dovecot restart #service dovecot restart #iptables F #service iptables save Access mail server Normal Usere-mail : mail server-
Root User/ server administrator #mail raju@fci.com Subject: wel come to fci.com ( Ctrl+D
200
, - munna@fci.com,kamal@fci.com)
(,)
$mail
board inbox E-mail show - 2 <Enter> , key
save
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, raju login
kamal
raju
$mail kamal@fci.com Subject: hi, kamal. How are you. Ctrl+D Cc: Ctrl+D .. Dynamic Host Control Protocol (DHCP) Gateway IP login 192.168.2.3 IP install (. , Configuration ) DNS Server Configuration address DHCP , . ; linux3.dnt.com root user DHCP Server Host Client PC, Networking automatically IP, DNS IP, DHCP 192.168.2.3
Dynamic host control protocol (DHCP) ISP-internet service provider DHCP Server
#cd /var/named/chroot/var/named
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<Esc>:set nu
<Enter>
;
dhcp ( <Esc>:wq
)(
)IN CNAME (
)(
)linux3.fci.com
<Enter> restart
named
#service named restart #service named restart dhcp Software install /etc copy #yum install dhcp* #cp /usr/share/doc/dhcp-3.0.5/dhcpd.conf.sample /etc/dhcpd.conf y <Enter> dhcpd.conf <Enter> IP address
Edit
DNS IP
<Esc>:wq
<Enter> restart
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#service portmap restart #iptables -F #service iptables save linux-client PC; Linux-Client PC network configuration #cd #setup Network configuration > Tab > Run tool <Enter> <Enter> [ > Lan Card OK > * ] > > ; quit > quit > root User login automatically IP generate
restart
>
>
Networking
And
Sharing
double Click
TCP/IPV4
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- ,
Option Ok ;
..
(Proxy Server): Private Network WAN Hard disk- Internet Band-width internet- ; , gateway
resource
Non-routable IP
Private IP Address
Internet-
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Public IP
Internet
Access
Band-width, ,
Application protocol
ISP
.:
*** - , ***
=====**********************************======
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(Appendix)
Linux Copmmand cd ls cal mkdir rm sudo su conf dir mv cp = Change directory = List = Calander = Make directory = Remove = Super user work (do=work) Md.Shariful islam lincon S/O- Mr. Shariut Ullah & Mrs. Farida Akter, Shafiullah shadagur bari, village-North Ander manik, P/S-Chhagalnaiya, Dist-Feni menning:
Reference: 1. Computer operating system, written by Engr. Md. Topayel ahamed 2. Computer networking, written by K.M. Ali reza 3. Interconnecting Cisco Network Devices (volume 1) version 1.0a 4. Internet/web pages
)
Feni computer institute | lincon_fci
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