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Centrifugal Pump:
W2 V2 V2 2 2
Flow Direction
U2 W1 1 1 U1 V1 V1
Velocity Triangle:
V V
Vr
W U
radial circumferential
U: W: V: Vr: V: :
circumferential speed of impeller ( U = r ) velocity tangent to blade surface absolute velocity ( V = U + W ) radial component of V circumferential component of V blade angle
To construct a velocity triangle: Draw U tangent to the rotor Draw W tangent to the blade surface Draw V
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bhp = Q(U 2V 2 U 1V 1 )
Pw (1) bhp
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U 1 = r1
Vr1 = V1 = U 1 tan 1
Q1 = 2r1bVr1
(b = blade height)
V2 V2
Vr2
W2
radial circumferential
U2 Vr2cot2
U 2 = r2
Q2 = 2r2 bVr 2 = Q1
Vr 2 =
Q2 2r2 b
V 2 = U 2 Vr 2 cot 2
Hi =
U 2V 2 g
bhp = Pw = gQH i = QU 2V 2
( = 1)
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Examples:
Problem 1 (Pump): Given pump geometry and specifications on the figure below. Assume ideal flow condition. Find the power required to drive it.
0.75 55 V1 4 12 960 rpm 0.25 ft3/s = 1.94 slugs/ft3 Q = 0.25 ft3/s = 960 rpm
Problem 2 (Turbine): A water turbine with radial flow has the dimensions shown below. The absolute entering velocity is 50 ft/s, and it makes an angle of 30 with the tangent to the rotor. The absolute exit velocity is directed radially inward. The angular speed of the rotor is 120 rpm. Find the power delivered to the shaft of the turbine.
V1 30
V2
r2
r1