GSM Signaling Procedure

Huawei Vietnam RF Team

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

WWW.HUAWEI.COM

GSM Network Protocol

DTAP

RSL

OML

Page 1

GSM Network Protocol

Layer 3 Introduction
RR :Radio Resource Management Control by MSBTS and BSC Function Sample Paging Management Ciphered Mode Management Frequency Redefinition Dedicated Channel Assignment Handover Management Measures and Power Control

MM :Mobility Management Control by MS and MSC / VLR Function Sample Authentication / Identification Procedures Location Updating IMSI Attach / Detach

Page 2

GSM Network Protocol

CC : Call Control
Control by MS and MSC Function Sample

Call processing and routing Short Message Service Supplementary Service

Page 3

GSM Frame Structure

1 hyperframe = 2 048 superframes = 2 715 648 TDMA frames (3 h 28 mn 53 s 760 ms) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 superframe = 1 326 TDMA frames (6,12 s) (= 51 (26-frame) multiframes or 26 (51-frame) multiframes) 0 0 1 2 1 3 47 48 24 49 25 50 2042 2043 2044 2045 2046 2047

1 (26-frame) multiframe = 26 TDMA frames (120 ms) 0 1 2 3 4 22 23 24 25

1 (51-frame) multiframe = 51 TDMA frames (3060/13 ms) 0 1 2 3 46 47 48 49 50

1 TDMA frame = 8 time slots (120/26 or 4,615 ms) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 time slot = 156,25 bit durations (15/26 or 0,577 ms) (1 bit duration = 48/13 or 3,69 s) (TB: Tail bits - GP: Guard period) Normal burst (NB) TB 3 TB 3 TB 3 TB 8 Encrypted bits 39 Synchronization sequence 41 Encrypted bits 58 Training sequence 26 Fixed bits 142 Synchronization sequence 64 Encrypted bits 36 TB 3 Encrypted bits 39 GP 68,25 Encrypted bits 58 TB GP 3 8,25 TB GP 3 8.25 TB GP 3 8,25

Frequency correction burst (FB)

Synchronization burst (SB)

Access burst (AB)

Page 4

GSM Multi-Frame Channel

BCCH + CCCH (downlink)

F S

F S

F S

F S

F S

BCCH + CCCH (uplink)

RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR
51 frames 235.38 ms

8 SDCCH/8 (downlink)

D0 D0

D1 D1

D2 D2

D3 D3

D4 D4

D5 D5

D6 D6

D7 D7

A0 A4

A1 A5

A2 A6

A3 A7

- - - - -

8 SDCCH/8 (uplink)

A5 A1

A6 A2

A7 A3

- - - - -

D0 D0

D1 D1

D2 D2

D3 D3

D4 D4

D5 D5

D6 D6

D7 D7

A0 A4

BCCH + CCCH 4 SDCCH/4 (downlink)

F S F S

B B

C C

F S F S

C C

C C

F S F S

D0 D0

D1 D1

D2 D2

D3 D3

F S F S

A0 A2

A1 A3

BCCH + CCCH 4 SDCCH/4 (uplink)

D3 D3

RR RR

A2 A0

A3 A1

RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR

D0 D0

D1 D1

RR RR

D2 D2

F: B: D: R:

TDMA frame for frequency correction burst TDMA frame for BCCH TDMA frame for SDCCH TDMA frame for RACH

S: TDMA frame for synchronization burst C: TDMA frame for CCCH A: TDMA frame for SACCH/C

Page 5

GSM Multi-Frame Channel

(a)

26 frames = 120 ms (b) T t T t T t T t T t T t A T t T t T t T t T t T t a

(a) case of one full rate TCH T, t: TDMA frame for TCH -: idle TDMA frame

(b) case of two half rate TCHs A, a: TDMA frame for SACCH/T

Page 6

Singling Link Establish Procedure

Content Establish Signaling Link, used for signaling transmission When MS want to connect to network, firstly must establish the

radio signaling link and A-interface link

Step included Paging Procedure

Random Access Procedure

Immediate Assignment Procedure SCCP Connection Establishment Procedure

Page 7

Singling Link Establish Procedure

Entity

MS
Channel Request
ST3126 RACHEst CauseRnd Nbr

BTS

RACH_TA_Filtering

BSC
Timer S -- Start E -- End

MSC

Channel Required
Est CauseRnd NbrFNTA

Channel ActivationSD
TABS/MS_TxPwr -->MaxChann

ST9103

Channel Act Ack SD

For 2 MS at same time AGCH ET3126

ET9103

Immediate Assignment Command

Rnd NbrTDMA Frame NbrChan TA CM Serv ReqPag Res Loc Update Req

ST3101

UI Imm Assignment / Imm Ass Ext SABM [L3 Info]SDCCH UA [L3 Info]

Set Asynchronous Balance

Est Ind [L3 Info]

ST9105

ET3101

SCCP Con Rqrd [L3]

ET9105

Unnumbered Ack

SCCP Conn Confirm

A

Um
Page 8

Abis

Singling Link Establish ProcedureAbis

Abis Signaling

Channel Required

Page 9

Singling Link Establish ProcedureAbis

Channel Activation

Page 10

Singling Link Establish ProcedureAbis

Immediately Assignment

Page 11

Authentication, Identification, Ciphering, TMSI Re-allocation

MS
Authentication

RAND and Ki by A3 algorithm get SRES; by A8 algorithm get Kc

BTS
Authentication Req Authentication Resp

BSC

Authentication Req
RAND

Authentication Req Authentication Resp

SRES

VLR get MSC from HLR the ST3260 RAND/SRES/ Kc Check SRES

Authentication Resp
ET3260

*Authentication Reject*
Identification

Identification Request Identification Response

IMSI AlgA5

Identification Request Identification Response

Identification Request
ST3270

Identification Resp Encryption Command Ciphering Mode Cmp

AlgKc Permitted AlgKc

ET3270

Ciphering

Ciphering Mode Cmd Ciphering Mode Cmp

Ciphering Mode Cmd Ciphering Mode Cmp TMSI Realloc Cmd

TMSI Realloc

TMSI Realloc Cmd TMSI Realloc Cmp

TMSI Realloc Cmd

TMSI Realloc Cmp

TMSI

ST3250

TMSI Realloc Cmp

ET3250

Page 12

Authentication, Identification, Ciphering, TMSI Re-allocation

Authentication Request

Page 13

Authentication, Identification, Ciphering, TMSI Re-allocation

Authentication Response

Page 14

Authentication, Identification, Ciphering, TMSI Re-allocation

Identification Response

Page 15

TCH Assignment Procedure

Content Normal Assignment for TCH Special case Queuing Directed Retry

Page 16

TCH Assignment Procedure

MS BTS
SDCCH

BSC
Chn TypePriorityCIC ST9108 DL DTXQueuing Flag
ET9108

MSC
Assignment Request
STrr1

Physical Context Request Physical Context Confirm Channel Activation TCH Channel Activation Ack.
MATSHSNMAIO MS_TxPwr TAMS/BS_TxPwr TAMS/BS_TxPwr

ST9103

ET9103

Assignment Command SABM (FACCH) UA

Assignment Command

ST3107

On TCH if need signaling, then use Stealing Flag transfer TCH into FACCH

Establish Indication Assignment Complete

Assignment Complete

ET3107

Assignment Cmp RF Channel Release (SD)

ETrr1

RF Channel Release Ack.

Page 17

TCH Assignment Procedure---A interface

Assignment Request

EFR

Queuing

Page 18

TCH Assignment Procedure---Abis interface

Abis

Page 19

TCH Assignment Procedure---Abis interface

Physical Context Comfirm

Page 20

TCH Assignment Procedure---Abis interface

System Information Type 5

BA List

Page 21

TCH Assignment Procedure---Abis interface

System Information Type 6

LAC/CI

Page 22

TCH Assignment Procedure---Abis interface

Assignment Command

Frequency Encoding Bitmap 0

Page 23

TCH Assignment Procedure---Abis interface

Frequency Encoding

Frequency Encoding
Fixed Bitmap Bitmap 0 Use for 1~124 AFRCN

Page 24

TCH Assignment Procedure---Queue and Direct Retry

MS BTS BSC
Assignment Request
ST11

MSC
Queuing Indication
At this time, a TCH become free

TCH Queue
Physical Con Req

ET11

Assignment Request

Direct Retry
T T

ST11

Queuing Indication
ST9103 ET9103 ST3103

Channel Activation Chan. Act. Ack. HO CMD

T T T T T

ET11

A Handover alarm is raised. A target BTS is selected

ST3124

HO CMD HO Access Phys. Info SABM (FACCH)

HO Detection

ET3124

Establish Indication HO CMP

UA
HO CMP

ET3103

Assignment Cmp
Page 25

MOCEarly Assignment
MS
RR Connection Establishment

BTS
RR Connection Establishment

BSC
RR Connection Establishment

MSC
CM_Serv_Req
CM Serv TypeMobile ID Classmark2Priority Authentication Procedure Ciphering Procedure TMSI Realloc Procedure

ESTIN (CM_Serv_Req)
Authentication Procedure
SDCCH

Authentication Procedure Ciphering Procedure TMSI Realloc Procedure

Ciphering Procedure TMSI Realloc Procedure

SETUP
called party nbr

SETUP Call Proceeding

Assignment Procedure

SETUP Call Proceeding

Assignment Procedure

Call Proceeding
Assignment Procedure

Alerting
TCH

Alerting Connect

Alerting Connect

Connect

Connect Ack.

Connect Ack.

Connect Ack.

Establish TCH first, then connect another part. Alerting transfer on TCH

Speech
Page 26

MOC A interface
A interface

Two times Classmark Update, the 1st one is caused by Early Classmark Sending (ECSC); 2nd caused by BSC send Classmark Enquiry

Page 27

MOC A interface
CM Service Request
MOC est/pkt mode con estab Short message service Suppl service activation

CLASSMARK

Page 28

MOC A interface
CLASSMARK
Include
MS Revision Level MS Ciphering Capability MS Frequency Capability MS RF Power Capability in Each Band

Page 29

MOC A interface
CLASSMARK

Page 30

MOC A interface
Setup

Called Number

Page 31

MOCLate Assignment
MS
RR Connection Establishment

BTS
RR Connection Establishment

BSC
RR Connection Establishment

MSC
CM_Serv_Req
Authentication Procedure Ciphering Procedure TMSI Realloc Procedure

ESTIN (CM_Serv_Req)
Authentication Procedure Ciphering Procedure
SDCCH

Authentication Procedure Ciphering Procedure TMSI Realloc Procedure

TMSI Realloc Procedure

SETUP Call Proceeding Alerting

Assignment Procedure

SETUP Call Proceeding Alerting

Assignment Procedure

SETUP Call Proceeding Alerting

Assignment Procedure Establish another side channel, then setup TCH , Alerting send on SDCCH

Connect
TCH

Connect

Connect

Connect Ack.

Connect Ack.

Connect Ack.

Speech
Page 32

Paging Group Number: defined by BS_AG_BLKS_RES and BS_PA_MFRMS;MS belong to the Paging Group = (IMSI mod 1000) mod N;MS only monitor its own Paging Groups Paging Req message

MTC

MS

MS IDTMSI/IMSI Max 4 TMSI

BTS

Paging Request

MS IDTMSI/IMSIBSC Paging Group

Paging Command

MS IDTMSI+IMSI/IMSI MSC Cell IDLAC/LAC+CI

Paging

ST3113

RR Connection Establishment

RR Connection Establishment

RR Connection Establishment

ESTIN (Paging Resp)

Authentication Procedure Ciphering Procedure TMSI Realloc Procedure Authentication Procedure Ciphering Procedure TMSI Realloc Procedure

Mobile IDClassmark2Priority Authentication Procedure

Ciphering Procedure TMSI Realloc Procedure

Paging Response

ET3113

SETUP Call Confirmed

Assignment Procedure

SETUP Call Confirmed

Assignment Procedure

SETUP
calling party nbr

Call Confirmed
Assignment Procedure

Alerting
Connect Connect Ack.

Alerting
Connect Connect Ack.

Alerting
Connect Connect Ack.

Speech
Page 33

MTC A interface
A-interface

Page 34

MTC A interface
Paging

IMSI, BSC use it for calculate Paging Group TMSI, its save bits number in radio resource for Paging

LAC Paging

Page 35

MTC A interface
Paging Response

Page 36

MTC A interface
Setup

Calling Number

Page 37

Location Update
MS
RR Connection Establishment

BTS
RR Connection Establishment

BSC
RR Connection Establishment

MSC

LU TypeMS IDLAIClassmark1

ESTIN (Loc Up Req)

Authentication Procedure Ciphering Procedure TMSI Realloc Procedure Authentication Procedure Ciphering Procedure TMSI Realloc Procedure

Loc Up Req
Authentication Procedure Ciphering Procedure TMSI Realloc Procedure

ST3210

Loc Up Accept

Loc Up Accept

Loc Up Accept Clear CMD

ET3210

Channel Release

Channel Release
Deactivate SACCH

DISC
UA

Release Indication RF Ch Release RF Ch Release Ack Clear CMP

Page 38

Location Update A interface

A interface

Page 39

Location Update A interface

Location Update Request

Follow-on call procedure

Old LAC

Current TMSI

Page 40

Location Update A interface

Location Update Accept

New LAC

Re-allocated TMSI

Page 41

Intra Cell HO
MS
Measurement Rep

BTS

Measurement Res Phys Context Req Phys Context Conf

BSC
Intra cell HO

MSC

OC OC NC NC OC OC

ST9108 ET9108 ST9103 ET9103 ST3107

Channel Activation
Channel Activation Ack Handover Command
NC

Old TAMS/BS_TxPwr will be reused in new channel

Assignment Command SABM

NC

NC

UA Assignment Complete
NC

Establish Indication

Assignment Complete

ET3107

HO CauseCell IDChn Type

Handover Performed
OC OC

RF Channel Rel RF Channel Rel Ack.

ST_RCR_ACK ET_RCR_ACK

OC : Old Channel NC : New Channel

Page 42

Intra Cell HO Abis

Abis

Page 43

Intra Cell HO Abis

Assignment Command

Old TCH

New TCH Channel

Page 44

Internal Inter Cell HOSynchronized HO

MS
Meas Report

BTSserving

Meas Result

BTStarget

BSC

MSC

HO Alarm & Candidate Cell Phys Context Req Phys Context Conf Channel Activation Channel Act Ack.
ST9108 ET9108

ST9103 ET9103

HO Command
HO Access ABDCH

HO CommandCellMAMAIOHSNTSTA

Old TA is reused in new channel, but MS/BS_TxPwr will use the MAX in new channel

ST3103

HO Detection
ST3106

ST200

SABM UA Handover Complete

ET3106

Establish Ind Handover Complete

ST3103

ET200

Handover Performed RF Channel Release RF Channel Rel. Ack.

Page 45
ST_RCR_ACK ET_RCR_ACK

Internal Inter Cell HOasynchronous

MS
Meas Report

BTSserving

Meas Result

BTStarget

BSC

MSC

HO Alarm & Candidate Cell

Channel Activation
Channel Act Ack. HO Command
ST3124

ST9103 ET9103

No Physical Cont Req procedure, old channel TA cant reuse for new channel

HO Command Measure TA

ST3103

HO Access

HO Detection
ET3124
ST200

SABMTA is reused

Physical Info TA

ST3105

ET3105

Establish Ind
ET200

UA Handover Complete Handover Complete

ST3103

Handover Performed Phys Context Req Phys Context Conf RF Channel Release RF Channel Rel. Ack.
Page 46
ST9108 ET9108 ST_RCR_ACK ET_RCR_ACK

Internal Inter Cell HOA interface

HO Performed

HO Cause

Target Cell

Page 47

External Inter Cell HO

MS
Meas Report

BTSserving

BTStarget
Meas Result

BSCserving
HO Alarm & Candidate Cell

BSCtarget
HO Required

MSC

ST_HO_REQ_Lost

Channel Activation Channel Act Ack. HO Command HO Access

ST3124

HO Request SCCP Con Required ST9103

ST9103

STrr2

HO Command
ET_HO_REQ_Lost

ST9113

HO Command
ST8

HO Request Ack. SCCP Con Conf.

ETrr2

ST3103

HO Detection
ST3106

Phys Information
ET3124
ST200 ET200

SABM
ET3106

Establish Ind

UA Handover Complete Handover Complete RF Channel Release RF Ch. Rel. Ack.

ET8
ET9113

HO Complete
ET3103

Clear Command Clear Complete SCCP Released SCCP Rel. Cmp.

Page 48

External Inter Cell HO---A interface

A interfaceoutgoing

A interface------incoming

Page 49

External Inter Cell HOA interface

HO Required

HO Cause

Target Cell

Page 50

External Inter Cell HOA interface

HO Command

Target cellBCCH/BSIC

Target cell channel type

Use for HO Access Initial power for new channel

Page 51

External Inter Cell HOA interface

Clear Command

Page 52

External Inter Cell HOA interface

HO Request 1 of 2

Channel type

encryptio n

Classmark 2

Page 53

External Inter Cell HOA interface

HO Request 2 of 2
Source cell

Priority and Queuing

A interfaces CIC

Target cell

Classmark 3

Page 54

External Inter Cell HOA interface

HO Request Ack

HO Command

Page 55

External Inter Cell HOA interface

HO Complete

Page 56

Channel Release
MS BTS BSC MSC

MS release
Disconnect Release Release Complete Disconnect Release Release Complete Disconnect Release Release Complete

Network release
Disconnect Release Release Complete Disconnect Release Release Complete Disconnect Release Release Complete

Page 57

Channel ReleaseA interface

A interface MS release
Call releaseDTAP layer BSSM release
SCCP release

Disconnect

MS release

Normal call clear

Page 58

Channel ReleaseA interface

A interface Network Release

Disconnect

Network release

Page 59

Another side hung up

Channel Release
Channel Release
Um and A interface release is separated with each other

Um Channel Release
BSC send Channel Release message to MS
Radio Link Failure

A interface Release
MSC send CLEAR COMMAD to BSC BSC send CLEAR REQUEST to MSC

Page 60

Channel Release Radio Channel

MS
ST3110

BTS
Channel Release (DCH) DISC (DCH) Deactivate SACCH Release Indication

BSC

MSC

ST3111

ET3110

UA

T3111 Expiry

BSC send Channel Release To MS

Wait for T3111 expired, then release BTS channel, to ensure the UA message have time to send

Phy Context Request Phy Context Confirm RF Channel Release RF Channel Release Ack
No SACCH received from the MS

ST9108

ET9108 ST_RCR_ACK

ET_RCR_ACK

Connection Fail Ind

Radio Link Failure

RF Channel Release RF Channel Release Ack
ST_RCR_ACK ET_RCR_ACK

Page 61

Channel Release Abis

Abis

Channel release

Page 62

Channel ReleaseA Interface Release

BSC MSC

ST9104

Clear Request Clear Command Clear Complete SCCP Released SCCP Released Complete

ET9104

BSC Trigger the release

ST9101

ET9101

Clear Command

MSC Trigger the release

ST9101

Clear Complete SCCP Released SCCP Released Complete

ET9101

Page 63

Thank You