Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension

Multiple Choice
1. Thepositionofaparticlemovingalongthexaxisisgivenby x = ( 21 + 22t 6.0t 2 ) m ,wheretisins.Whatistheaveragevelocityduringthe timeintervalt=1.0sto t = 3.0 s? a. b. c. d. e. 2. 6.0m/s 4.0m/s 2.0m/s 8.0m/s 8.0m/s

Abulletisfiredthroughaboard,14.0cmthick,withitslineofmotion perpendiculartothefaceoftheboard.Ifitenterswithaspeedof450m/sand emergeswithaspeedof220m/s,whatisthebulletsaccelerationasitpasses throughtheboard? a. b. c. d. e. 500km/s 550km/s 360km/s 520km/s 275km/s

2 2 2 2 2

3.

Thepositionofaparticlemovingalongthexaxisisgivenby x = 6.0t 2 1.0t 3 , wherexisinmetersandtinseconds.Whatisthepositionoftheparticlewhenit achievesitsmaximumspeedinthepositivexdirection? a. b. c. d. e. 24m 12m 32m 16m 2.0m

8CHAPTER 2

4.

Thevelocityofaparticlemovingalongthexaxisisgivenfor t > 0 by v x = 32.0t 2.00t 3 m/s,wheretisins.Whatistheaccelerationoftheparticle when(aftert=0)itachievesitsmaximumdisplacementinthepositivex direction?

a. b. c. d. e. 5.

64.0m/s zero 128m/s

2 2

32.0m/s

32.0m/s

Thepositionofaparticleasitmovesalongthexaxisisgivenfor t > 0 by x = t 3 3t 2 + 6t m,wheretisins.Whereistheparticlewhenitachievesits minimumspeed(aftert=0)?

a. b. c. d. e. 6.

3m 4m 8m 2m 7m

Thepositionofaparticleasitmovesalongthexaxisisgivenby x = 15e 2t m, wheretisins.Whatistheaccelerationoftheparticleatt=1s? a. b. c. d. e. 22m/s 60m/s 8.1m/s 15m/s 35m/s

7.

Vxisthevelocityofaparticlemovingalongthexaxisasshown.Ifx=2.0mat t=1.0s,whatisthepositionoftheparticleatt=6.0s?

Motion in One Dimension9

a. b. c. d. e. 8.

2.0m +2.0m +1.0m 1.0m 6.0m

Aparticlemovingalongthexaxishasapositiongivenby x = 24t 2.0t 3 m, wheretismeasuredins.Whatisthemagnitudeoftheaccelerationoftheparticle attheinstantwhenitsvelocityiszero? a. b. c. d. e. 24m/s zero 12m/s 48m/s 36m/s
2

2 2 2

9.

Att=0,aparticleislocatedatx=25mandhasavelocityof15m/sinthe positivexdirection.Theaccelerationoftheparticlevarieswithtimeasshownin thediagram.Whatisthevelocityoftheparticleatt=5.0s?

a. b. c. d. e.

+15m/s 15m/s +30m/s 0 1.2m/s

10CHAPTER 2

10.

Att=0,aparticleislocatedatx=25mandhasavelocityof15m/sinthe positivexdirection.Theaccelerationoftheparticlevarieswithtimeasshownin thediagram.Whatisthepositionoftheparticleatt=5.0s?

a. b. c. d. e. 11.

175m 125m 138m 154m 165m

Aparticleconfinedtomotionalongthexaxismoveswithconstantacceleration fromx=2.0mtox=8.0mduringa2.5stimeinterval.Thevelocityofthe particleatx=8.0mis2.8m/s.Whatistheaccelerationduringthistimeinterval? a. b. c. d. e. 0.48m/s 0.32m/s 0.64m/s 0.80m/s 0.57m/s

2 2 2 2 2

12.

Aprotonmovingalongthexaxishasaninitialvelocityof4.010 m/sanda 2 constantaccelerationof 6.0 10 12 m/s .Whatisthevelocityoftheprotonafter ithastraveledadistanceof80cm? a. b. c. d. e. 5.110 m/s 6.310 m/s 4.810 m/s 3.910 m/s 2.910 m/s
6 6 6 6 6

Motion in One Dimension11

13.

Aparticlemovingwithaconstantaccelerationhasavelocityof20cm/swhenits positionisx=10cm.Itsposition7.0slaterisx=30cm.Whatistheacceleration oftheparticle? a. b. c. d. e. 7.3cm/s 8.9cm/s 11cm/s 15cm/s 13cm/s

2 2

2 2 2

14.

Anautomobilemovingalongastraighttrackchangesitsvelocityfrom40m/sto 80m/sinadistanceof200m.Whatisthe(constant)accelerationofthevehicle duringthistime? a. b. c. d. e. 8.0m/s 9.6m/s 12m/s 6.9m/s 0.20m/s

15.

In2.0s,aparticlemovingwithconstantaccelerationalongthexaxisgoesfrom x=10mtox=50m.Thevelocityattheendofthistimeintervalis10m/s.What istheaccelerationoftheparticle? a. b. c. d. e. +15m/s +20m/s 20m/s 10m/s 15m/s

2 2

2 2 2

16.

Anautomobilemanufacturerclaimsthatitsproductwill,startingfromrest, travel0.40kmin9.0s.Whatisthemagnitudeoftheconstantacceleration requiredtodothis? a. b. c. d. e. 9.9m/s 8.9m/s 6.6m/s 5.6m/s 4.6m/s

2 2 2 2 2

17.

Anautomobiletravelingalongastraightroadincreasesitsspeedfrom30.0m/s to50.0m/sinadistanceof180m.Iftheaccelerationisconstant,howmuchtime elapseswhiletheautomovesthisdistance? a. 6.00s

12CHAPTER 2

b. c. d. e. 18.

4.50s 3.60s 4.00s 9.00s

Anobjectmovingonthexaxiswithaconstantaccelerationincreasesitsx coordinateby80minatimeof5.0sandhasavelocityof+20m/sattheendof thistime.Determinetheaccelerationoftheobjectduringthismotion. a. b. c. d. e. 1.6m/s

2 2 2

+6.4m/s +1.6m/s 2.0m/s 6.4m/s

2 2

19.

Anelectron,startingfromrestandmovingwithaconstantacceleration,travels 2.0cmin5.0ms.Whatisthemagnitudeofthisacceleration? a. b. c. d. e. 2.5km/s 1.6km/s 1.3km/s 3.2km/s

2 2 2

0.80km/s
2 2 2

20.

Aparticlestartsfromrestatx=0andmovesfor10swithanaccelerationof +2.0cm/s .Forthenext20s,theaccelerationoftheparticleis1.0cm/s .What isthepositionoftheparticleattheendofthismotion? a. b. c. d. e. zero +3.0m 1.0m +2.0m 3.0m
2 2

21.

Arocket,initiallyatrest,isfiredverticallywithanupwardaccelerationof 10m/s .Atanaltitudeof0.50km,theengineoftherocketcutsoff.Whatisthe maximumaltitudeitachieves? a. b. c. d. e. 1.9km 1.3km 1.6km 1.0km 2.1km

Motion in One Dimension13

22.

Aballisthrownverticallyupwardwithaninitialspeedof20m/s.Twoseconds later,astoneisthrownvertically(fromthesameinitialheightastheball)withan initialspeedof24m/s.Atwhatheightabovethereleasepointwilltheballand stonepasseachother? a. b. c. d. e. 17m 21m 18m 27m 31m

23.

Anobjectisthrownverticallyandhasanupwardvelocityof18m/swhenit reachesonefourthofitsmaximumheightaboveitslaunchpoint.Whatisthe initial(launch)speedoftheobject? a. b. c. d. e. 35m/s 25m/s 30m/s 21m/s 17m/s

24.

Astoneisthrownfromthetopofabuildingwithaninitialvelocityof20m/s downward.Thetopofthebuildingis60mabovetheground.Howmuchtime elapsesbetweentheinstantofreleaseandtheinstantofimpactwiththeground? a. b. c. d. e. 2.0s 6.1s 3.5s 1.6s 1.0s

25.

Anobjectisthrowndownwardwithaninitial(t=0)speedof10m/sfroma heightof60mabovetheground.Atthesameinstant(t=0),asecondobjectis propelledverticallyupwardfromgroundlevelwithaspeedof40m/s.Atwhat heightabovethegroundwillthetwoobjectspasseachother? a. b. c. d. e. 53m 41m 57m 46m 37m

14CHAPTER 2

26.

Atoyrocket,launchedfromtheground,risesverticallywithanaccelerationof 20m/s for6.0suntilitsmotorstops.Disregardinganyairresistance,what maximumheightabovethegroundwilltherocketachieve? a. b. c. d. e. 1.1km 0.73km 1.9km 0.39km 1.5km

2

27.

Arockisthrowndownwardfromanunknownheightabovethegroundwithan initialspeedof10m/s.Itstrikestheground3.0slater.Determinetheinitial heightoftherockabovetheground. a. b. c. d. e. 44m 14m 74m 30m 60m

28.

Aballthrownverticallyfromgroundleveliscaught3.0slaterbyapersonona balconywhichis14mabovetheground.Determinetheinitialspeedoftheball. a. b. c. d. e. 19m/s 4.7m/s 10m/s 34m/s 17m/s

29.

Anobjectisthrownverticallyupwardsuchthatithasaspeedof25m/swhenit reachestwothirdsofitsmaximumheightabovethelaunchpoint.Determinethis maximumheight. a. b. c. d. e. 64m 48m 32m 96m 75m

Motion in One Dimension15

30.

Thevelocityatthemidwaypointofaballabletoreachaheightywhenthrown withvelocityv0attheoriginis: a. b. c. d. e.

v0 2
2 v0 2 gy

2 v0 2
2 v0 + 2 gy

gy

31.

WhenJimandRobridebicycles,Jimcanonlyaccelerateatthreequartersthe accelerationofRob.Bothstartfromrestatthebottomofalongstraightroadwith constantupwardslope.IfRobtakes5.0minutestoreachthetop,howmuch earliershouldJimstarttoreachthetopatthesametimeasRob? a. b. c. d. e. 25s 40s 46s 55s 75s

32.

Whenstartingfromrestatthebottomofastraightroadwithconstantupward slope,Joanbicyclestothetop50.0saheadofSally,whosetraveltimeis5.00 minutes.WhatistheratioofJoansaccelerationtoSallysacceleration? a. b. c. d. e. 0.694 0.833 1.20 1.44 6.0

16CHAPTER 2

33.

TohelpKimpracticefortheSpecialOlympics,Sallyrunsbesidehimforhalfthe requireddistance.Sherunstheremainingdistanceatherregularspeedand arrives90secondsaheadofKim.WhatistheratioofSallysregularspeedto tKim forKimstotaltime. Kimsspeed?Use a. b. c. d. e.

t Kim 90s t Kim t Kim 90s t Kim t Kim 180s t Kim 180s t Kim 90s t Kim 180s

34.

Thepositionofaparticlemovingalongtheyaxishasapositiongivenby

m m y = 0.20m + 8.0 t 10 2 t 2 .Isthereanytimeintervalduringwhichthe s s

particleisnotmoving? a. b. c. d. e. 35. Yes,from0.60sto1.00s. Yes,from0.795sto0.805s. Yes,atthetime t = 0.80 s . No,thevelocityisneverzero. No,aninstantisnotthesameasatimeinterval.

Aparticlemovingalongthexaxishasapositiongivenby x = 54t 2.0t 3 m .At thetime t = 3.0s ,thespeedoftheparticleiszero.Whichstatementiscorrect? a. b. c. d. e. Theparticleremainsatrestafter t = 3.0s . Theparticlenolongeracceleratesafter t = 3.0s . Theparticlecanbefoundatpositions x < 0m onlywhen t < 0s . Alloftheabovearecorrect. Noneoftheaboveiscorrect.

36.

Twoidenticalballsareatrestsidebysideatthebottomofahill.Sometimeafter ballAiskickedupthehill,ballBisgivenakickupthehill.BallAisheaded downhillwhenitpassesballBheadedupthehill.AttheinstantwhenballA passesballB, a. b. c. d. e. ithasthesamepositionandvelocityasballB. ithasthesamepositionandaccelerationasballB. ithasthesamevelocityandaccelerationasballB. ithasthesamedisplacementandvelocityasballB. ithasthesameposition,displacementandvelocityasballB.

Motion in One Dimension17

37.

Thepositionofanobjectatequaltimeintervalsisshownbelow:

whichgraphbelowcorrectlyrepresentspositionversustimeforthisobject?

38.

Twoidenticalballsareatrestandsidebysideatthetopofahill.Youletone ball,A,startrollingdownthehill.Alittlelateryoustartthesecondball,B,down thehillbygivingitashove.Thesecondballrollsdownthehillalongaline paralleltothepathofthefirstballandpassesit.AttheinstantballBpassesball A: a. b. c. d. e. ithasthesamepositionandthesamevelocityasA. ithasthesamepositionandthesameaccelerationasA. ithasthesamevelocityandthesameaccelerationasA. ithasthesamedisplacementandthesamevelocityasA. ithasthesameposition,displacementandvelocityasA.

18CHAPTER 2

39.

Thegraphbelowshowsthevelocityversustimegraphforaball.Which explanationbestfitsthemotionoftheballasshownbythegraph?

a. b. c. d. e. 40.

Theballisfalling,iscaught,andisthrowndownwithgreatervelocity. Theballisrolling,stops,andthencontinuesrolling. Theballisrising,hitstheceiling,andfallsdown. Theballisfalling,hitsthefloor,andbouncesup. Theballisrising,iscaught,andthenisthrowndown.

Aboyonaskateboardskatesoffahorizontalbenchatavelocityof10m/s.One tenthofasecondafterheleavesthebench,totwosignificantfigures,the magnitudesofhisvelocityandaccelerationare: a. b. c. d. e. 10m/s;9.8m/s . 9.0m/s;9.8m/s . 9.0m/s;9.0m/s . 1.0m/s;9.0m/s . 1.0m/s;9.8m/s .

2 2 2 2 2

41.

Fivemotiondiagramsinwhichpointsrepresentthepositionsofanobjectat equaltimeintervalsareshownbelow.Whichstatementiscorrect?

a. b. c. d. e.

Ahasthegreatestspeedandthegreatestacceleration. Chasdecreasingspeed. Dslowsdownandthenspeedsup. Dspeedsupandthenslowsdown. EhasagreaterspeedthanA.

Motion in One Dimension19

42.

Twochildrenstartatoneendofastreet,theorigin,runtotheotherend,then headback.OnthewaybackJoanisaheadofMike.Whichstatementiscorrect aboutthedistancesrunandthedisplacementsfromtheorigin? a. b. c. d. e. JoanhasrunagreaterdistanceandherdisplacementisgreaterthanMikes. MikehasrunagreaterdistanceandhisdisplacementisgreaterthanJoans. Joanhasrunagreaterdistance,butherdisplacementislessthanMikes. Mikehasrunagreaterdistance,buthisdisplacementislessthanJoans. Mikehasrunashorterdistance,andhisdisplacementislessthanJoans.

43.

Ajugglerthrowstwoballstothesameheightsothatoneisatthehalfwaypoint goingupwhentheotherisatthehalfwaypointcomingdown.Atthatpoint: a. b. c. d. e. Theirvelocitiesandaccelerationsareequal. Theirvelocitiesareequalbuttheiraccelerationsareequalandopposite. Theiraccelerationsareequalbuttheirvelocitiesareequalandopposite. Theirvelocitiesandaccelerationsarebothequalandopposite. Theirvelocitiesareequaltotheiraccelerations.

44.

Acartravelsnorthat30m/sforonehalfhour.Itthentravelssouthat40m/sfor 15minutes.Thetotaldistancethecarhastraveledanditsdisplacementare: a. b. c. d. e. 18km;18kmS. 36km;36kmS. 36km;36kmN. 90km;18kmN. 90km;36kmN.

45.

Askierleavesaskijumpwithahorizontalvelocityof29.4m/s.Theinstant beforeshelandsthreesecondslater,themagnitudesofthehorizontaland verticalcomponentsofhervelocityare: a. b. c. d. e. 0;29.4m/s. 29.4m/s;0. 29.4m/s;29.4m/s. 29.4m/s;41.6m/s. 41.6m/s;41.6m/s.

Open-Ended Problems
46. A50gramsuperballtravelingat25m/sisbouncedoffabrickwalland reboundsat22m/s.Ahighspeedcamerarecordsthisevent.Iftheballisin contactwiththewallfor3.5ms,whatistheaverageaccelerationoftheball duringthistimeinterval? Aboatmovesat10m/srelativetothewater.Iftheboatisinariverwherethe currentis2.0m/s,howlongdoesittaketheboattomakeacompleteroundtrip of1.0kmupstreamfollowedbya1.0kmtripdownstream?

47.

20CHAPTER 2

48.

Abicycliststartsdownahillwithaninitialspeedof2.0m/s.Shemovesdown thehillwithaconstantacceleration,arrivingatthebottomofthehillwitha speedof8.0m/s.Ifthehillis12mlong,howlongdidittakethebicyclistto traveldownthehill? Ahelicopterdescendsfromaheightof600mwithuniformnegativeacceleration, reachingthegroundatrestin5.00minutes.Determinetheaccelerationofthe helicopteranditsinitialdownwardvelocity. Aspeedytortoisecanrunwithavelocityof10cm/sandaharecanrun20times asfast.Inarace,theybothstartatthesametime,buttheharestopstorestfor2.0 minutes.Thetortoisewinsbyashell(20cm).Whatwasthelengthoftherace? Aperegrinefalcondivesatapigeon.Thefalconstartswithzerodownward velocityandfallswiththeaccelerationofgravity.Ifthepigeonis76.0mbelow theinitialheightofthefalcon,howlongdoesittakethefalcontointerceptthe pigeon? Startingfromrest,acartravels1,350metersin1.00minute.Itacceleratedat 1.0m/s untilitreacheditscruisingspeed.Thenitdrovetheremainingdistance atconstantvelocity.Whatwasitscruisingspeed?
2

49.

50.

51.

52.

53.

Acaroriginallytravelingat30m/smanagestobrakefor5.0secondswhile traveling125mdownhill.Atthatpointthebrakesfail.Afteranadditional5.0 secondsittravelsanadditional150mdownthehill.Whatwastheaccelerationof thecarafterthebrakesfailed?

Motion in One Dimension21

Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. c b d a b c d a c d b a a c d a b c c b d a d a b a c 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. a d c c d c e e b e b c a d c c d c 13,430m/s 208.3s 2.4s 0.0133m/s ,4.0m/s 12.62m 3.94s 30m/s 4.0m/s
2 2 2