HD VC and Infrastructure

V T V Ramana
VC Division NIC-New Delhi vc-delhi@nic.in 12th Sept 2009

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What is Standard Definition? What is High Definition ?

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Standard Definition Video: Analog Video

Analog Video TV standards (4:3 Aspect Ratio)
NTSC (525 line,30 fps) PAL (625lines, 25fps) -(640x400 pixels) -(640x480 pixels)

Typically need about 45Mbps band width Interlaced Video Uses (50/60 fields / sec)
Good for small screen sizes (typically 17 to21)

Progressive Video
For Higher Screen Sizes

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Standard Definition Video: Digital Video

Common Intermediate Format (CIF) & variants
FCIF (352x288 Pixels) QCIF (172x144 pixels) 4CIF (704x576 pixels) 16 CIF (1408x1152 pixels) FSIF QSIF 4SIF 16SIF (352x240 pixels) (172x120 pixels) (704x480 pixels) (1408x960 pixels)

Source Input Format (SIF) & Variants

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High Definition Video

High Definitions standards are
720p 1080i 1080p

16:9 aspect ratio displays (Wide Screen resolutions) 720p (1280x720) 24,30,60 fps 1080i (1920x1080) 24,30 1080p (1920x1080) 24,30
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SD Vs HD
4:3 Display Pictures of 1 M Pixel Near VCR Quality Images are scaled to fit into the displays 16: 9 Display 10 M Pixel Near True picture No scaling needed (Native Resolutions) Future standards Suitable all emerging applications such as Telemedicine, Distance Education etc.

10 15 years old standards Suitable for conv. Video Intensive applications

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SD Vs HD

Close-up view

HDTV resolution

SDTV resolution

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Native Resolution
Number of pixels that can be displayed on a Monitor without any distortion. Is it so important? What is the impact if resolution are not matching? What is the way ???? SCALING

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SCALING Analog to Digital Video

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SCALING Digital Videos

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SCALING TEXT/Content

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Native Resolution
Native resolution eliminates all above issues reproduces near true life like images. High Definition uses all Native resolutions format in all components. High-definition video conferencing requires that all endpoints be HD-compatible in order for any of the video conference participants to take advantage of the high-definition video experience.

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Basic Components of HD Video conferencing systems

Camera Codec Unit -- 720p / 1080i /1080p -- 720p30 / 720p60 1080i / 1080p Display units -- 720p / 1080p HD Audio -- Microphones / Speakers

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Bandwidth requirements
Standard Definition VC Date rates: 128 kbps 2/4/6 Mbps frame rates: 15 to 30fps High Definition VC Data rates: 1 Mbps to 2/4/6/12 mbps Frame rates: 25 / 30 / 60 fps

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Requirements of HD video systems

High-definition video conferencing requires that all endpoints be HD-compatible in order for any of the video conference participants to take advantage of the high-definition video experience. Bandwidth of 1 Mbps minimum typically 2-4 mbps. Quality of Service (QoS) for the network is a must to ensure consistent performance for the duration of video conferencing calls. H.239 (Content) at HD/Native Resolutions

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HD VC requirements
To capture high-resolution images, a camera that supports true high-definition (minimum 720p) in the 16:9 format is required. High-definition video monitors (LCD, Plasma, or DLP) must also support a minimum of 720p horizontal lines of resolution. Additionally, the monitors should offer connectors that enable optimal high-definition signals, such as DVI-I (Digital Visual Interface) or component YPrPb. DVI cables longer than 5 meters could cause degraded or unpredictable video display.

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Telepresence Systems

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Typical TP systems

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HD Multipoint Systems
For high-definition multipoint video conferencing -- more than two parties plan to participate from different sites (endpoints) High-definition Multipoint Control Unit (MCU) is required for bridging all of the calls together. The MCU must also support true high-definition (minimum 720p) and a sustained 30 frames per second, to deliver the same quality experience provided in point-to-point calls.

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Other infrastructure components

IP based HD VC recorder ISDN IP Gateway Firewall Traversal Device Scheduling and Management

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 In conclusion, high-definition technology broadens the quality and range of information communicated through video conferencing to create a valuable communication tool for business, distance learning, telemedicine, community, government, and charitable activities. Thank you

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