Public CCNP BSCI 642-901

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1 (9)

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24/11/08

PA1

Cisco BSCI - Building Scalable Cisco Internetworks

1 EIGRP............................................................................................................................ 1 2 OSPF............................................................................................................................. 2 3 BGP 4 4 Implement Multicast Forwarding.....................................................................................4 5 IPv6 6 6 Redistribution................................................................................................................. 6 7 IS-IS 7

EIGRP

EIGRP default route can be created with the ip default-network This command causes the Cisco IOS to automatically add a static route to the routing table, marked as S* EIGRP use multicast 224.0.0.10

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PA1

eigrp stub advertises directly connected and summary routes only

show ip eigrp interfaces

Router# show ip eigrp neighbors IP-EIGRP Neighbors for process 77 Address Interface 160.89.81.28 160.89.80.28 160.89.80.31 Ethernet1 Ethernet0 Ethernet0 Holdtime (secs) 13 14 12 Uptime (h:m:s) 0:00:41 0:02:01 0:02:02 Q Count 0 0 0 Seq Num 11 10 4 SRTT (ms) 4 12 5 RTO (ms) 20 24 20

Router# show ip eigrp topology IP-EIGRP Topology Table for process 77 Codes: P - Passive, A - Active, U - Update, Q - Query, R - Reply, r - Reply status P 172.16.90.0 via via via P 172.16.81.0 via via via via 255.255.255.0, 2 successors, FD is 0 172.16.80.28 (46251776/46226176), Ethernet0 172.16.81.28 (46251776/46226176), Ethernet1 172.16.80.31 (46277376/46251776), Serial0 255.255.255.0, 1 successors, FD is 307200 Connected, Ethernet1 172.16.81.28 (307200/281600), Ethernet1 172.16.80.28 (307200/281600), Ethernet0 172.16.80.31 (332800/307200), Serial0

Router# show ip eigrp traffic IP-EIGRP Traffic Statistics for process 77 Hellos sent/received: 218/205 Updates sent/received: 7/23 Queries sent/received: 2/0 Replies sent/received: 0/2 Acks sent/received: 21/14 Hellos Acks (Unreliable) (Unreliable)

Updates (Reliable) Queries (Reliable) Replies (Reliable)

Stub Connected Summary

OSPF

router ospf 76 (76 is the process id not router id) show ip ospf interfaces (View neighbour, View router id) show ip ospf neighbors (View neighbour)

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24/11/08

PA1

show ip protocol display the parameters and current state of the active routing protocol process display parameters such as filters, default metric, maximum paths, and number of area configured on a router show ip ospf show when topological database will be purged of out-of-date number of times SPF algorithm has been executed Type 1 Router link LSA Type 2 Network link LSA Type 3 (ABR) Network summary link LSA Summary of IP subnets in an OSPF area Type 5 ASBR router-id to set OSFP router id, else highest Loopback IP is the router id, if not is the highest interface IP is the router id Default OSPF router priority is 1. If priority changed to 0, the state would always be DROTHER Priority 2 is higher than priority 1 Ethernet LAN need a DR and BDR ABR stub no summary O*N2 ABR Totally Stubby area not using no summary Inject a default external route into an OSPF, use the default-information orignate Transitions to a full adjacency - Down, Init, 2-Way, Exstart, Exchange, Loading and Full RIP, EIGRP into OSPF summary-address Broadcast multi-access DR/BDR NBMA DR/BDR Point-to-point No DR/BDR Point-to-multipoint No DR/BDR

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PA1

BGP

show ip bgp summary Displays the IBGP and EBGP neighbors that are configured Mandatory BGP update messages BGP 6 states Idle C Active O O Established origin next-hop AS-path (prevent loop)

EBGP neighbors must be in different AS EBGP neighbours use TCP port 179 to exchange BGP routing tables BGP Path Selection Decision Tree: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Weight Local Preference - highest (global within AS, default 100) Next hop, Route originate Shortest AS path lowest origin code Prefer lowest MED

Implement Multicast Forwarding

Multicast Address 224.0.0.5 224.0.0.6

Used By Which Protocol OSPF router OSPF DR and BDR

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5 (9)

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24/11/08

PA1

RIPv2 EIGRP PIMv2 IGMP version 3 NTP reserved by IANA

224.0.0.9 224.0.0.10 224.0.0.13 224.0.0.22 - source filtering 224.0.1.1

Multicast address range 224.0.0.0 -239.255.255.255 Multicast prefix 01-00-5E Protocol Independent Multicast PIM Multicast mode Dense mode 1. An employee at a corporation listening to presidents report 2. Used flood and prune mechanism 3. Use a push model to floor traffic throughout the network and then prunes the unwanted 4. The (S,G) state exists in every router, regardless of the presence of an RPF interface Sparse Mode 1. An employee sign up a particular distance-learning course 2. Use pull model to send multicast traffic to where it is requested 3. When member routers are widely dispersed 4. Need RP PIM- SM Rendezvous Point (RP) RP to coordinate forwarding of multicast traffic from a source to receivers Use ip pim rp-address 10.10.10.1 to configure RP

Configure PIM for IP multicast routing 1. Enable IP multicast routing 2. Enable PIM on an interface Dense mode multicast routing protocol PIM-DM MOSPF DVMRP

IGMP message host membership report is sent when a network client wants to join a multicast group. Local scope addresses are addresses 224.0.0.0 224.0.0.255 and are reserved by IANA for network protocol use A router does not have to be a member of a multicast group to send to the group. A router must be a member of a multicast group to receive multicast data. Global scope addresses are addresses 224.0.1.0 through 238.255.255.255, and are allocated dynamically throughout the Internet

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6 (9)

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PA1

Limited/Administratively scoped addresses are addresses 239.0.0.0 239.255.255.255, and are reserved for use inside private domains.

IPv6

IPv6 address is 128 bits long IPv6 header contains the next header field IPv6 router send RA messages ipv6 unicast-routing command to support IPv6 RA router advertisement RS router solicitation The router advertisement (RA) immediately after the host sends a router solicitation (RS) 001 global or aggregateable global addresses FEC0 site local address FE80 link local addres FF multicast FF02::1 All nodes on link (link-local scope) FF02::2 All routers on link (link-local scope) FF02::6 all designated routers on the link-local scope 6to4 tunneling prefix 2002 IPv4 to IPv6 6to4 tunneling Dual stack NAT Enable IPv6 OSPF ipv6 ospf process-id show ipv6 ospf type 9 LSA Intra-area prefix LSA Tunneling Encapsulating IPv6 packets into IPv4 headers

Redistribution

Routes to be filtered are selected by using distribute lists. Command to apply a route map to interface Alpha (config)#interface e0 Alpha (config)#ip policy route-map ISPA RIP and IGRP a passive interface does not send routing update a passive interface can receives update

OSPF EIGRP will have a default metric of 0 and will be treated as unreachable and not advertised

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BGP OSPF OSPF assigned a default metric of 20 for routes from all protocol, except BGP, which gets a metric of 1 Route distribution OSPF Default metric is 20 Default metric type is 2 Subnets do not redistribute by default EIGRP OSPF metric 25 (the seed cost) Guide line from loop if two way distribution is necessary Manually configuring the metric Manually configuring the administrative distance Using distribution access-lists Route map default The default sequence number will be 10 Any matches are considered to be permitted Three reasons to control routing updates To hide certain networks from the rest of the organization To control network overhead on the wire For simple security

IS-IS
IS to IS = IIH IS to ES(End system or Host) = ISH ES to IS = ESH IS-IS has no backbone area NSAP Network Service Access Point IS-IS Three layers of hierarchical routing Level1, Leve2 and Level 3 (Cisco do not support level 3) AFI value of 49 are considered private internal addresses L1 intra-area L2 interarea Single router is elected as DIS (Designated IS) There is no back up DIS elected. Complete SNP DR or DIS sent out CSNP every 10 seconds Partial SNP sent on point-to-point to acknowledge

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PA1

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9 (9)

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IS-IS Metric used Default (Cisco) Delay Expense Error 115 10

OSPF Dijkstra

EIGRP Dual

RIP Bellman-Ford

BGP

IGRP

Cost Redistribute defult interface metric Summary Route OSPF algorithm excuted Purged out-ofdate Display adjacencies Lists all known IS-IS router Display Level-1 routing table Interface configuration mode

110
20

90 EIGRP Summary 5

120

20 (External) 200 (Internal)

1

100

ip summary-address eigrp as-number address mask show ip ospf

network 192.168.12.0 mask 255.255.252.0

show clns neighbour

show ip ospf interface show ip ospf neighbors

show ip eigrp neighbors

show ip bug summary

show isis topology show isis route ip router isis