Assemble and Disassemble Power supply Project

Submitted by: Lance Axel S. Husana Submitted To: Mr. Willy Dapol

Intro
Powersupply - A power supply is a device that supplies electrical energy to one or more electric loads. The term is most commonly applied to devices that convert one form of electrical energy to another, though it may also refer to devices that convert another form of energy (e.g., mechanical, chemical, solar) to electrical energy. A regulated power supply is one that controls the output voltage or current to a specific value; the controlled value is held nearly constant despite variations in either load current or the voltage supplied by the power supply's energy source. Power supplies types - Power supplies for electronic devices can be broadly divided into line-frequency (or "conventional") and switching power supplies. The line-frequency supply is usually a relatively simple design, but it becomes increasingly bulky and heavy for high-current equipment due to the need for large mains-frequency transformers and heat-sinked electronic regulation circuitry. Conventional line-frequency power supplies are sometimes called "linear," but that is a misnomer because the conversion from AC voltage to DC is inherently non-linear when the rectifiers feed into capacitive reservoirs. Linear voltage regulators produce regulated output voltage by means of an active voltage divider that consumes energy, thus making efficiency low. A switched-mode supply of the same rating as a linefrequency supply will be smaller, is usually more efficient, but will be more complex. DC power supply An AC powered unregulated power supply usually uses a transformer to convert the voltage from the wall outlet (mains) to a different, nowadays usually lower, voltage. If it is used to produce DC, a rectifier is used to convert alternating voltage to a pulsating direct voltage, followed by a filter, comprising one or more capacitors, resistors, and sometimes inductors, to filter out (smooth) most of the pulsation. A small remaining unwanted alternating voltage component at mains or twice mains power frequency (depending upon whether half- or full-wave rectification is used)rippleis unavoidably superimposed on the direct output voltage. For purposes such as charging batteries the ripple is not a problem, and the simplest unregulated mains-powered DC power supply circuit consists of a transformer driving a single diode in series with a resistor. Before the introduction of solid-state electronics, equipment used valves (vacuum tubes) which required high voltages; power supplies used step-up transformers, rectifiers, and filters to generate one or more direct voltages of some hundreds of volts, and a low alternating voltage for filaments. Only the most advanced equipment used expensive and bulky regulated power supplies. AC power supply An AC power supply typically takes the voltage from a wall outlet (mains supply) and lowers it to the desired voltage (e.g. 9 VAC). As well as lowering

the voltage some filtering may take place. An example use for an AC power supply is powering certain guitar effects pedals (e.g. the DigiTech Whammy pedal) although it is more common for effects pedals to require DC.

Data
AC Input 240V 0V 3.2V 5V 6.8V 10V 14V 0V 3V 4.5 6V 9V 12V 0V 3.4V 5.4V 7.6V 12V 16V AC Output DC Output

TroubleShooting
Symptoms: Explosive Capacitor Cause: Improper Connection Remedies: Check the capacitor whether is bad or good Solution: Replace a new one Capacitor

Symptoms: Humming Transformer Cause: lamination rattle or winding rattle caused by DC voltage on the line. Or poor AC power condition. Remedies: check the loosen part, check the plug wire Solution: replace new one or fix the loosen part

Symptoms: No Output voltage Cause: Open or shorted rectifier

Remedies: check if its in correct position, check with multi-tester Solution: Replace an newer one or fix if it is in good condition.

Job Sheet
Procedure 1. Prepare the tools/ materials and spare parts needed. 2. Put a masking tape on PCB and draw the given layout. 3. Take off the shaded or marked part of the drawn tape using blade. 4. After removing, put the board on Ferric Chloride with water in about 10 20 min after then wash the board. 5. After its washed, scratch the copper on the board with sandpaper (liha) to make it clearly conduct and shiny. 6. Mark the board a hole using pen and then use a drill to make a hole. 7. Before we put the spare parts on board, test it with multitester to determine if its bad or good 8. After making a hole, solder the 4 diode make sure it is in a correct position. 9. Then solder the capacitor correspond on the position of its polarity 10. And the last solder the resistor.

11. Cut the sides of the wires #22 and soldered with lead on each side and also the selector switch and transformer. 12. Solder the 6 wires on the secondary of the transformer.

13. On the secondary of the transformer the 0V connected to the AC on PCB 14. The Last will be connected to the middle of the selector switch and in the AC of the PCB. 15. Solder another wire upon the plug in the primary of the transformer: Check all the spare parts, if its well soldered.

Information Sheet
Tools/Materials 1. Soldering Iron 2. Solder Pump 3. Hand Drill 4. Lead 5. Side Cutter 6. PCB 7. Tester 8. Ferric Chloride & Water 9. Philip Screw Driver

Spare Parts 1. Transformer 750mA 2. Selector Switch 6 position 3. 4 diode in4001 4. Capacitor 1000uf/16v

5. Resistor 1k watt

Precaution
1. Always wear the proper safety equipment 2. Safety goggles are one of the most important pieces of laboratory equipment because they protect your eyes 3. Always inspect equipment and associated attachments for damage before you use them. 4. Never touch the element or tip of the soldering iron. They are very hot (about 400C) and will give you a nasty burn. 5. Always return the soldering iron to its stand when not in use. Never put it down on your workbench, even for a moment! 6. Work in a well-ventilated area. The smoke formed as you melt solder is mostly from the flux and quite irritating. Avoid breathing it by keeping you head to the side of, not above, your work. 7. Wash your hands after using solder. Solder contains lead which is a poisonous metal. 8. Keep flammable liquids and materials away from the work area. 9. Keep your work area clean and clutter free

Evaluation With this project, first I learn to analyze how to build a powersupply within its procedure. Well its simple but it is had a bit hardness. Soldering is the hard part of it, because it is a process were metal items you joining them together by melting it. Which is you melt the lead to put on a PCB were a spare parts terminal have to conduct together. Soldering is not a very simple, because sometimes some parts of the device that can be affected when you make a mistake. Sometimes it will cause accidents if not fully thought careful, such as burning it, burns the skin and cause more accidents. You need some caution in making powersupply to prevent accidents. Here I learn and much to experience how it can operate and to work. I saw the project I needed the complete

materials to be used and spare parts to it, to run it. You need to follow every stages in doing so it will run in good condition and check it every spare parts for it has no problem. After making a powersupply, will need to test the voltage to make sure it is correct or it is functioning, to make a output device to run. Upon testing of the device it was found out that it was functioning properly.