AC Steady State Power

Objectives:
1. We examine instantaneous power.
2. We examine average power.
3. We examine complex power.
4. We examine power factor correction.

Equipment:
1. Breadboard.
2. Function generator.
3. PSpice software.
4. Connecting wires.
5. Oscilloscope.
6. Resistors, Capacitor, Inductor.

Contents:
1. Ramifications of power.
2. Power factor correction.

Theory:
Done by: Shady1Arafeh & Ahmad Mujahed
 AC Steady State Power
We have many types of power instantaneous,
average, apparent, active, reactive, and complex
power.

the instantaneous power is p(t) = v(t)i(t) & it can

be written as p(t) = 0.5(VpIp)[cos(θv-θi) + cos(2ωt
+ θv + θi )] ,And we have Another power is the
average power Pave = 0.5(VpIp) cos(θv-θi) and it
can be written as Pave = Vrms Irms cos(θv-θi).

the power factor is Pf = cos(θv-θi) = cosθZL and the

load in RC circuit has a leading power factor & a
lagging power factor in RL circuits. And the
complex power is defined as S = Vrms I*rms , S =
P + jQ where Q is the reactive power and the
magnitude of the complex power is the apparent
power and the phase is the power factor angle.

Calculation and data

analysis:
Done by: Shady2Arafeh & Ahmad Mujahed
 AC Steady State Power

 Ramifications of Power:
We connect the circuit shown below and then take
some readings and fill the following table :

Source voltage Source voltage

Amplitude Angle
2v 0

the source voltage is V = 2cos (6280t)

w=2π*1000=6280 rad.s

load voltage load voltage Angle

Amplitude
2v 0

the load voltage is V = 2cos (6280t)

w=2π*1000=6280 rad.s

load current load current Angle

Amplitude

Done by: Shady3Arafeh & Ahmad Mujahed

 AC Steady State Power
11mA A=0.8 , B=1.4
so the angle =34.8

Pf = cos(θv-θi) = cos(34.8) = 0.82

Pave = Vrms Irms cos(θv-θi) =0.5*2*0.011cos34.8 =
0.00902 w
Apparent power = Vrms Irms = 0.5*2 *0.011 = 0.011w

 power factor correction:

We connect a parallel capacitor with the circuit and
measure the power factor then we fill the following
table:

load current load current Angle

Amplitude
1.7mA A=0.2 , B=0.4
So the angle is 30o

Pf = cos(θv-θi) = cos(30) = 0.866

Conclusions:
 the parallel capacitor increasing the power
factor and the inductor decrease it,so that we
Done by: Shady4Arafeh & Ahmad Mujahed
 AC Steady State Power
can decrease the loss of power by adding a
capacitor parallel to the load in order to
consume most of the power dissipated

 the power factor in the capacitive and

inductive load is zero because cosθZL = cos-90=
cos90 =0

Done by: Shady5Arafeh & Ahmad Mujahed