30 Topics

CONTENTS
1. FAMILY
FAMILY ADOPTION FAMILY MEMBERS 1 1 1
2.
HUMAN RELATIONS
FRIENDSHIP LOVE DATE SEX WEDDING MARRIAGE 4 4 4 6 6 8
3.
PARTNERSHIP PROBLEMS
PARTNERSHIP PROBLEMS ARGUMENTS INFIDELITY BREAKUP 10 10 11 11
4.
CHILDREN
BABIES CHILDREN'S BEHAVIOUR CHILDREN'S GAMES UPBRINGING PROBLEMS OF YOUNG PEOPLE 13 13 14 14 16
5.
DAILY ROUTINE
INTHEMORNING IN THE AFTERNOON TIME FOR BED 18 18 18
6.
FREE TIME
FREE TIME VISITS 22 22
7.
HOLIDAY
HOLIDAY HOTEL ACCOMMODATION BEACH CAMPING 24 24 25 25
8.
TRAVEL
BY RAIL BY AIR BY SEA ON FOOT/BY BICYCLE 27 27 28 30
9.
TRAFFIC AND DRIVING

TRAFFIC DRIVING CAR ACCIDENTS 32 32 34
iii
CAR PROBLEMS WITH A CAR
34 36
10. TOWN AND SIGHTS

TOWN STREET SIGHTS 37 39 39
11. JOB
EMPLOYMENT APPLYING FOR A JOB WORK CAREER LEAVING A JOB 42 42 43 43 45
12. MONEY
MONEY MATTERS THE BANK 47 47
13. SHOPPING
IN A SHOP GOODS SHOPS AND SERVICES SALE COMPLAINTS 49 49 50 50 52
14. CLOTHES AND FASHION

CLOTHING DESCRIBING CLOTHES ACCESSORIES JEWELLERY FOOTWEAR DRESSING FASHION 53 54 56 56 56 58 58
15. FOOD AND DRINKS

FOOD FRUITS VEGETABLES NUTS BEVERAGES 60 63 63 64 64
16. COOKING AND EATING

COOKING EATING HABITS RESTAURANT ON THE TABLE 66 66 68 70
17. HOME
PLACES TO LIVE HOUSE ROOM ENTRANCE LIVING ROOM 71 71 71 73 73
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BEDROOM KITCHEN BATHROOM BUYING A HOUSE/ A FLAT RENT BREAKDOWNS
73 73 74 75 75 75
18. HOUSEHOLD
HOUSEHOLD MESS AND CLEANING HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES 77 77 78
19. SCHOOL AND EDUCATION

SCHOOLS SUBJECTS.. CLASSROOM LESSON EXAMS AND PERFORMANCE UNIVERSITY STUDY 80 80 81 81 82 83
20. THE HUMAN BODY

PARTS OF THE HUMAN BODY BODILY FUNCTIONS AND MOVEMENTS 85 86
2 1 . PHYSICAL APPEARANCE
ATTRACTIVENESS BUILD. HAIR FACE 90 90 90 91
22. FEELINGS, EMOTIONS, MOODS

FEELING HAPPY FEELING UNHAPPY FEELING ANGRY EMOTIONS MOODS 93 93 93 94 94
23. HUMAN QUALITIES 24. HEALTH AND ILLNESS

HEALTH A N D HEALTH PROBLEMS PAINS ILLNESS AND DISEASE INJURIES FIRST AID TREATMENT AT THE DOCTOR AT THE DENTIST IN HOSPITAL DISABILITIES LIFESTYLE , ,
97
99 99 99 102 102 103 103 103 105 105 106
25. WEATHER
WEATHER AND TEMPERATURE SUNNY A N D HOT WEATHER RAINY WEATHER WIND AND STORM SNOW AND FROST 108 108 108 .-109 109
26. CULTURE AND ENTERTAINMENT

FILM AND CINEMA THEATRE MUSIC AND CONCERT BOOKS AND READING ART AND HANDICRAFTS 111
1 1 1
112 114 115
27. MEDIA
NEWSPAPERS AND MAGAZINES TELEVISION RADIO 118 118 .....119
28. COMMUNICATION
TELEPHONING THE INTERNET POST OFFICE SERVICES 121 121 122
29. CRIME
CRIMES A N D CRIMINALS THE CRIMINAL CAUGHT AT COURT 124 125 125
30. DEATH AND FUNERAL

DEATH FUNERAL 129 129
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1. FAMILY
FAMILY
immediate/extended family a family of four blended family one-parent family childless family family tree family member family background to raise/start a family marital status single engaged fianc/husband-to-be fiance/bride-to-be married husband wife married couple divorced widowed to be widowed widow widower grown-up to get married to marry sb to marry young to marry sb off nejbli/vzdlenj rodina tylenn rodina smen rodina nepln rodina bezdtn rodina rodokmen len rodiny rodinn zzem zaloit rodinu rodinn stav svobodn/ zasnouben/ snoubenec snoubenka enat, vdan manel manelka manel rozveden/ ovdovl/ ovdovt vdova vdovec dospl oenit se, vdt se vzt si koho enit se mlad/vdvat se mlad provdat/oenit koho cohabitation bachelor spinster close/distant/blood relative to be related to sb to be relation to sb to get divorced to be divorced from sb to separate/split-up to remarry to marry into a family rozvdt se bt rozveden/a s km rozejt se znovu se oenit/vdt pienit se/pivdat se do rodiny nemanelsk souit star mldenec star panna blzk/vzdlen/ pokrevn pbuzn bt pbuzn s km bt v pbuzenskm vztahu skm
What relation are you to Jim? V jakm pbuzenskm vztahu jsi s Jimem? from one's father's/ mother's side of/from the first marrige to come from a good family to be one of the family the black sheep of the family within the family family gathering family life family relations generation gap offspring descendant ancestor z otcovy/matiny strany z prvnho manelstv pochzet z dobr rodiny patit do rodiny ern ovce rodiny v kruhu rodinnm rodinn selost rodinn ivot vztahy v rodin generan rozdl potomek(-ci), ratolest potomek, nsledovnk pedek
ADOPTION
adoptive family foster care to lose one's family to be orphaned orphan adoptivn rodina pstounsk pe ztratit rodinu osiet sirotek orphanage children's home to adopt sb foster-parent foster-child sirotinec dtsk domov osvojit si koho pstoun dt sven do opatrovn
FAMILY MEMBERS
mother father parent son daughter matka otec rodi syn dcera brother sister uncle aunt cousin bratr sestra strc teta bratranec, sestenice
1. FAMILY
grandparents grandfather grandmother grandchildren grandson granddaughter great-grand(father...) father-in-law mother-in-law son-in-law daughter-in-law brother-in-law sister-in-law nephew
prarodie ddeek babika vnouata vnuk vnuka pra(ddeek...) tchn tchyn ze snacha vagr vagrov synovec
:
niece stepfather stepmother stepbrother stepsister stepchild sibling an only child first-born illegitimate twin triplet
nete nevlastn otec nevlastn matka nevlastn bratr nevlastn sestra nevlastn dt sourozenec jedinek prvorozen nemanelsk dvoje troje tye sourozeneck rivalita
; quad(ruplet) I sibling rivalry
1. FAMILY
FAMILY TREE: describe Mike's family tree.
NOTES
2. HUMAN RELATIONS
FRIENDSHIP
lifelong/lasting friendship best/good/close/old/ mutual friend my circle of friends mate (inf)/buddy (inf) to be friends with sb celoivotn/trval ptelstv nejlep/dobr/blzk/star/ spolen ptel mj okruh znmch kamard, kmo ptelit se s km to have a lot in common to see sb a lot to get along with sb to understand each other's problems to trust sb to confide in sb to get sth off one's chest to let sb down/disappoint sb mt hodn spolenho schzet se s km asto vychzet dobe s km navzjem si rozumt dvovat komu svovat se komu vypovdat se z eho, svit se s m zklamat koho
to strike up a friendship with sb navzat ptelstv s km to become friends to make friends with sb to meet sptelit se skamardit se s km seznmit se, potkat se
LOVE
love for sb to be in love with sb to fall (madly) in love with sb head over heels in love to be crazy/mad/nuts (inf) about sb to become infatuated with sb to have a crush on sb infatuation secret admirer to long for sth to dream of sb to take an interest in sb to attract sb to eye sb to flirt with sb flirtation flirtatious to hide one's desire for sb to give attention to sb to be flattered lska ke komu bt zamilovn do koho zamilovat se (len) do koho zamilovn po ui bt cel blzen do koho zblznit se do koho zblznit se do koho poblznn tajn obdivovatel touit po em snt o kom zajmat se o koho pitahovat koho pokukovat po kom flirtovat, koketovat s km flirt, flirtovn koketn skrvat touhu po kom dvoit se komu, zajmat se okoho bt polichocen/a : to feign indifference . to express one's love for sb declaration/sign of love to show one's feelings love at first sight platonic/puppy love undying/true love unrequited love the love of one's life holiday romance love affair love triangle serious/intimate/sexual relationship to be intimate with sb to be made for each other love nest pedstrat nezjem vyznat lsku ke komu vyznn/projev lsky projevovat sv city lska na prvn pohled platonick/dtsk lska vn, nehynouc/opravdov lska neoptovan lska ivotn lska przdninov romnek milostn romnek milostn trojhelnk vn/intimn/milostn vztah mt milostn pomr s km bt si souzeni hnzdeko lsky
love (inf)/sweetheart (spoken) lska (osoba) inseparable couple You mean a lot to me. . to fall out of love nerozlun dvojice '' Mnoho pro m znamen. odmilovat se", pestat milovat
DATE
date blind date to go out on a first date to meet sb through a lonely heart s ad to go out with sb/date sb rande, schzka; rande (osoba) to go out together schzka naslepo jt na prvn rande seznmit se s km pes inzert chodit s km i to see each other : to get to know each ; other better ; matchmaker : a good match 4 chodit spolu vdat se lpe se poznat dohazova dobr partie
2. HUMAN RELATIONS
'E: Valentine is m a d l y in love w i t h Emma. W h a t is their story as shown in t h e pitures below?
NOTES
2. HUMAN RELATIONS
to match sb up with sb to make a good match to pick up sb/chat sb up dating agency
dt dohromady nkoho s nkm dobe si vybrat, dobe se vdt/oenit sbalit koho seznamovac agentura
steady girlfriend to steal/pinch sb s girlfriend to take a short break to fail
stl ptelkyn pebrat n ptelkyni dt si men pauzu (ve vztahu) nedopadnout, nevyjt
SEX
(sexual) intercourse (fml) to have sexual contact to make love to/with sb to have sex/sleep with sb to sleep together to be just (good) friends virgin to lose one's virginity first sexual experience premarital sex one-night stand (inf) to seduce sb to cuddle to kiss (French) kiss gently pohlavn styk, soulo mt pohlavn styk milovat se s km milovat se, souloit, spt s km spt spolu, mt spolu sex bt jen ptel panna, panic ztratit panenstv prvn sexuln zitek pedmanelsk sex lska na jednu noc svst koho objmat se, mazlit se lbat se (francouzsk) polibek nn passionately to be sexually active to sleep around to have safe sex casual sex safe/unprotected sex preservation/condom to use contraception to protect against sth venereal disease to pass (a disease) on by sexual contact heterosexual homosexual gay lesbian registered partnership vniv mt pravideln sex vyspat se s kadm chrnit se nhodn sex bezpen/nechrnn sex ochrana, kondom pouvat antikoncepci chrnit se proti emu pohlavn choroba nakazit pohlavnm stykem heterosexual homosexul gay lesba registrovan partnerstv
WEDDING
hen 's party (BrE)/bridal shower (AmE) stag night (BrE)/bachelor party (AmE) to come to one's wedding to propose to sb to send wedding invitations wedding card louen se svobodou podan nevstou louen se svobodou podan enichem pijt komu na svatbu podat koho o ruku rozeslat pozvnky na svatbu svatebn oznmen best man wedding ceremony to make one s marriage vows : to exchange wedding rings enichv svdek svatebn obad sloit manelsk slib vymnit si svatebn prsteny
: to perform traditional rituals provdt tradin zvyky : wedding reception : to propose a toast ; to make a speech j to cut the wedding cake : wedding presents/ j wedding gifts ; shotgun wedding : white wedding : to go somewhere : on one's honeymoon I newlyweds : trousseau : dowry svatebn hostina pronst ppitek pronst projev rozkrojit svatebn dort svatebn dary vynucen" svatba (nevsta je thotn) tradin svatba v blm jet nkam na lbnky novomanel vbava nevsty vno
to make/draw up the guest list sestavit seznam host wedding dress/wedding gown svatebn aty veil train the big day to have a civil wedding to have a church wedding wedding procession bride bridegroom/groom bridesmaid zvoj vleka velk den, den svatby mt svatbu na ad mt svatbu v kostele svatebn prvod nevsta enich druika
2. H U M A N RELATIONS
DATING: invent a story explaining w h y Jane falls asleep during her d a t e w i t h Peter.
NOTES
2. H U M A N RELATIONS
MARRIAGE
(un)happy marriage loveless marriage stormy marriage arranged marriage to rush into a marriage to marry sb for love to be happily married to make sb happy to respect each other respect for sb tolerance towards sb to have a good relationship We work well together. harmonious/equal relationship married couple (ne)astn manelstv manelstv bez lsky bouliv manelstv dohodnut satek hnt se do manelstv vzt si koho z lsky t ve astnm manelstv init koho astnm vzjemn se ctt cta ke komu tolerance vi komu mt dobr vztah Klape nm to. harmonick/rovnocenn vztah manel her ex-husband/future husband his lawful wife devoted husband marriage vows marriage certificate marriage settlement marriage of convenience marital problems henpecked husband breadwinner to wear the trousers/ pants (inf) marriage guidance . counselling : breakdown/breakup : of marriage jeho zkonn manelka oddan manel manelsk slib oddac list manelsk dohoda satek z rozumu manelsk problmy mu pod pantoflem ivitel rodiny bt hlava rodiny manelsk poradna rozpad manelstv jej bval/budouc manel
2. HUMAN RELATIONS
W E D D I N G : compare a n d contrast these t w o pictures. Which w e d d i n g w o u l d you prefer? Why?
MOTES
3. PARTNERSHIP PROBLEMS
PARTNERSHIP PROBLEMS
to be jealous of sb unhealthy jealousy to suffer from jealousy to make a scene in a fit of temper to hurt sb s feelings to be disappointed in sb to be furious with sb/ be mad at sb to complaint/moan about sth to reproach/blame sb for sth to be at fault to do sth on purpose to be indifferent/ apathetic to sth/sb to become estranged from sb estrangement to die down/cool (excitement...) to fade away lack of respect/tolerance to misuse sb s trust/kindness to twist sb round one s little finger henpecked husband He is completely under her thumb. She got tired of him. alcoholic liar gambler womanizer obstinate/stubborn rlit na koho chorobn rlivost trpt rlivost ztropit scnu ve vzteku zranit n city zklamat se v kom zuit na koho stovat si/nakat na co vytat komu co bt na vin udlat co naschvl bt lhostejn k emu/ke komu odcizit se komu odcizen ochladnout (vzruen...) vytratit se nedostatek cty/tolerance zneuvat n dvru/ dobrotu otoit si koho kolem prstu mu pod pantoflem M ho zcela pod palcem. Omrzel ji. alkoholik lh gambler suknik tvrdohlav, paliat quick-tempered to make a fuss about little things vzntliv dlat povyk kvli malikostem
possessive/domineering/bossy dominantn, panovan selfish egoist intolerable/unbearable to be rude to sb to dictate to order sb around/about to put sb down/belittle sb to rule the roost (inf) to run sb 's life tyrant heartless aggressive emotional blackmail poor soul vulnerable to defend oneself from/ against sth/sb to stand humiliation to make concessions to feel small/feel humiliated domestic violence to beat sb pure/absolute/sheer hell to be at the end of one's rope to resign oneself to sth/be resigned to sth to put up with sth/reconcile oneself with sth to start afresh sobeck sobec nesnesiteln bt hrub ke komu porouet komandovat koho poniovat koho, sret koho mt posledn slovo, vldnout' dit n ivot tyran bezcitn agresivn citov vydrn chudk zraniteln brnit se emu/komu snet ponen dlat stupky ctit se ponen domc nsil tlouci koho absolutn, naprost peklo bt u konce se silami rezignovat na co smit se s m zat nanovo
ARGUMENTS
to drive sb crazy/nuts (inf) to have enough of sb to interfere/meddle in sth to get angry/get cross with sb to lose one's temper row/quarrel/fight clash vytet koho mt koho dost, pln zuby plst se, vmovat se do eho natvat se na koho ztratit trplivost hdka konflikt, spor to fall out with sb to dress sb down/tell sb off to shout/scream at sb to insult sb by sth to be offended at/by sth to fight over/about sth to call sb names hdat se kvli emu nadvat komu (sprost), astovat nadvkami pohdat se s km, nepohodnout se s km vynadat komu, zprait koho kiet/jeet na koho urazit koho m bt uraen m
to have a row/a quarrel/a fight pohdat se to provoke sb into a fight vyprovokovat nkoho k hdce
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to feel offended to take offence to take sth personally to take sth the wrong way not speak to each other to give way
ctit se uraen urazit se vzt si co osobn vysvtlit si co patn nemluvit spolu ustoupit
to apologize for sth
omluvit se za co
to ask/beg for sb s forgiveness dat koho o odputn attempts at reconciliation to make a compromise to forgive sb for sth to make up pokusy o smen uinit kompromis prominout komu co usmit se
INFIDELITY
to cheat on sb to two-time sb (inf) to play around with sb (un)faithful to sb unfaithful man/woman extramarital affair to have an affair podvdt koho zahbat komu zahbat s km, podvdt s km (ne)vrnkomu nevrnk/nevrnice mimomanelsk vztah mt pomr adultery adulterer to commit adultery to break up the family to know of his/her infidelity to forgive sb of/for sth to let bygones be bygones cizolostv cizolonk dopustit se cizolostv rozvrtit rodinu vdt o jeho/jej neve odpustit komu co odpustit, zapomenout (co bylo, to bylo)
BREAKUP
breakup/split-up/separation to break up/split up/separate to live apart to leave/desert sb for sb else deserted wife/husband to dump sb (inf) to be dumped to reproach oneself for sth qualms/remorse to regret sth to end in divorce to get a divorce rozchod rozejt se t oddlen opustit koho kvli nkomu jinmu oputn manelka/ oputn manel dt kopaky komu dostat kopaky vytat si co vitky svdom litovat eho skonit rozvodem rozvst se to threaten with a divorce to file a petition for divorce reasons/grounds for divorce divorce settlement to go one's separate ways to get over sth/cope with sth/ manage sth to go back together again to patch up (one's marriage) to go wrong to be on the rocks (inf) to break sb's heart vyhroovat rozvodem podat dost o rozvod dvody k rozvodu rozvodov vyrovnn jt si svou vlastn cestou pekonat co, zvldnout co znovu se vrtit k sob urovnat (sv manelstv) chybit, dlat chyby bt v koncch velmi zklamat koho, zlomit komu srdce
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THE TURTLEDOVES: what's t h e interesing story b e h i n d this absurd couple? W h a t marital problems do t h e y suffer from?
NOTES
12
4. CHILDREN
BABIES
to be expecting a baby to give birth to a baby unborn baby test-tube baby The baby is due in March. to be born to be premature/be early to be overdue/be late newborn toddler baby boy baby girl to breast-feed to bottle-feed to suck one s thumb dummy to change a nappy doth nappies disposable nappies changing table/mat to cradle sb in sb s arms on sb's lap cradle cot ekat dt porodit dt nenarozen dt dt ze zkumavky Dt se m narodit v beznu. narodit se narodit se pedasn narodit se opodn novorozenec batole chlapeek holika kojit krmit z lahve dumlat si palec dudlk pebalit ltkov plenky plenky na jedno pouit pebalovac stl/podloka chovat koho v nrui na kln kolbka postlka
:
i carrycot : to rock ; baby walker playpen i rattle 1 pram (BrE)/baby carriage ! (AmE) : pushchair, buggy (BrE)/ i stroller (AmE) : to push a pram ; highchair ; to soil i bib : to howl I to cry : to hush the crying baby 1 to gurgle/babble I baby talk/babble j to go potty j potty ; to toilet-train i ; to pee (inf) : : to poo (inf)
:
taka na penen dtte houpat, kolbat dtsk chodtko dtsk ohrdka chrasttko korek (hlubok) korek (sportovn) vozit korek dtsk (vysok) idle pobryndat, zamazat bryndk nakat, kiet plakat utiit plac dt broukat si, vatlat si dtsk e, vatln jt na nonk nonk uit chodit na zchod urat kakat pouran/pokakan plenka jesle kolka
: wet/soiled nappy \ i nursery/creche ; : kindergarten/nursery school
CHILDREN'S BEHAVIOUR
child/kid (inf) good naughty/bad (spoken) well-behaved bad-mannered obedient disobedient problem/difficult child dt hodn zlobiv, rozjven vychovan, slun nevychovan poslun neposlun problmov dt childish prank to make a lot of noise to get up to Kids, what are you getting up to upstairs? to romp around/romp about to fight over sth to use bad language telling tales/sneaking telltale/sneak to tell on sb/sneak on sb to pester sb to play (sb) up to ignore sb ignorovat koho to talk back/answer back to sb odmlouvat komu to tease each other kdlit se, pouchovat se navzjem dtsk legrcka, lumprna dlat velk rmus vyvdt, provdt Dcka, co to tam nahoe vyvdte? skotait, dovdt prt se, hdat se o co mluvit sprost alovn alobnek alovat na koho otravovat koho, huet do koho zlobit (koho)
lo behave oneself/behave well chovat se slun, pkn unmanageable nrufy boisterous relentless ot stick at anything for long to fool around/mess around to show off to be cheeky to sb (ne)zvladateln vzpurn, neukznn divok, hlun nenavn nevydret u nieho dlouho poflakovat se, marnit as pedvdt se bt drz na koho
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4. CHILDREN
CHILDREN'S GAMES
to play with (a doll...) toy car toy soldier soft wooden squeaky teddy (bear) to play at (soldiers...) hrt si s (panenkou ...) autko vojek plyov devn pskav plyov medvdek hrt si na (vojky...) to play hide-and-seek blind man s buff to play tag to chase each other a game of (hide-and-seek...) to teach sth through play to get tired playing in the playground hrt si na schovvanou hra na slepou bbu hrt si na honiku honit se hra na (schovvanou...) uit co hrou, pomoc hry unavit se hrou, vyhrt si na hiti
UPBRINGING
to bring up family background to pamper to spoil spoilt/spoiled brat (inf) to be strict/soft with sb excessive permissiveness to praise sb for sth not be allowed to do sth to forbid sb to do sth to disapprove of sth to take sb's side to have trouble with sb to make sb angry to get angry/get cross with sb to talk to sb seriously to warn sb/give sb a warning to tell sb off to get a scolding/get told off to scold sb for sth vychovvat rodinn zzem, prosted hkat, rozmazlovat rozmazlovat, kazit rozmazlen spratek, fracek bt psn/mrn na koho plin shovvavost pochvlit koho za co mt zakzno co zakzat komu co nesouhlasit s m, bt proti emu zastvat se koho mt trpen s km rozzlobit koho rozzlobit se na koho promluvit si s nkm vn varovat koho vynadat komu dostat vyhubovno vynadat komu za co to be at one's wits' end to need a firm hand to soften sb up to be firm to punish to deserve punishment as a punishment to talk sb out of sth to talk to a brick wall rozmluvit komu co mluvit jako kdy hrch na stnu hz nevdt si rady potebovat pevnou ruku obmkit koho bt nestupn potrestat zaslouit si trest za trest
physical/corporal punishment tlesn trest to spank sb to give sb a slap to tame sb to be grounded to ground sb to be an example to sb to hold sb up as an example to be a good boy/girl to learn one's lesson stubborn sensible naplcat komu dt komu pohlavek zkrotit koho mt domc vzen dt domc vzen komu bt komu pkladem dvat komu za pklad sekat latinu pouit se tvrdohlav, paliat rozumn
4. CHILDREN
CHILDREN: t h i n k of t h e joys a n d worries each stage of a child's d e v e l o p m e n t may bring, and come up w i t h a story for these t w o n e w parents.
NOTES
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4. CHILDREN
UPBRINGING: c o m m e n t on t h e situation below. W h a t do you think of t h e father's restrictions?
PROBLEMS OF YOUNG PEOPLE

youth the youth/young people (of today) teenage/adolescent (rebellion, daughter...) teenagers/youngsters/ kids (inf) adolescent adolescent behaviour youth culture to go through puberty at puberty to feel grown-up moody oversensitive emotionally unstable uncommunicative to confide in sb to retreat into oneself/ one's fantasy to become withdrawn independent of the family frictions to be in conflict with one's parents mld (dnen) mlde : to keep pace with sth/sb pubertln, dospvajc (vzdor, dcera...) dospvajc mlde, vrostci, dcka adolescent, mladistv pubertln chovn zbava mldee projt si pubertou v pubert ctit se dosple nladov pecitlivl citov nestl nesdln, nemluvn svovat se komu uzavrat se do sebe/do sv fantazie uzavt se do sebe nezvisl na rodin neshody, stety nzor dostat se do rozporu s rodii : to hang around ; to go to parties ; to party (inf) : to experiment with sth smoking taking drugs : drug addiction : to betray sb s trust i gang/group ! to join a gang : to be a gang member j outsider : to get/fall into bad company : to hang out with sb (inf) i peers : peer group j peer pressure : copycat (inf) TV/video game... addict zvisl na televizi/ videohrch ... dret krok s m/s km vrstevnci stejn vkov skupina tlak okol, touha vyrovnat se ostatnm dt napodobujc n chovn, styl ... parta pidat se do party patit do party outsider, ern ovce dostat se do patn party schzet se, potloukat se s km poflakovat se, potloukat se chodit na verky, mejdany flmovat zkouet co, zahrvat si s m kouen uvn drog zvislost na drogch zradit n dvru
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4. CHILDREN
PROBLEMS OF Y O U N G PEOPLE: c o m m e n t on h o w t h e teenagers in t h e pictures spend their free t i m e . Are/Were your t e e n a g e years similar or different?
NOTES
17
5. DAILY ROUTINE
IN THE MORNING
to wake (up) to wake sb up to be (wide) awake to oversleep (for work) to get up early/late to be an early bird/riser to sleep in night owl to jump out of bed to crawl out of bed to drag sb out of bed to yawn to stretch probudit se probudit koho bt (pln) vzhru zaspat (do prce) vstvat asn/pozd bt rann pte pispat si non sova vyskoit z postele lzt z postele tahat koho z postele zvat prothnout se to do one's make-up to have a look at oneself in the mirror to get dressed to put sth on to get undressed to take sth off to walk the dog to have sth for breakfast to skip breakfast to have a quick breakfast to do sth in a rush to take one's time to be in a hurry/rush to rush sb rush to commute to work nalit se podvat se na sebe do zrcadla oblci se oblci si co na sebe svlci se svlci si co vyvenit psa mt k sndani co vynechat sndani rychle se nasndat dlat nco ve spchu nepospchat pospchat, mt naspch popohnt koho spch dojdt do prce
to set the alarm clock for (7:00) nadit budk na (7:00) to go off at (7:00) to do one's morning routine to do/take exercise to have/take a quick shower to have a wash in cold water to brush/clean one's teeth toothbrush toothpaste to comb/do one s hair comb to have a shave zazvonit v (7:00) dlat rann hygienu zacviit si rychle se osprchovat umt se studenou vodou vyistit si zuby zubn kartek zubn pasta uesat si vlasy heben oholit se
to go to work by car/by bus... jet do prce autem/ autobusem... to catch a bus/train... to miss a bus/train... to walk to work to be punctual/a latecomer to get to work late/in time to be late/in time (for a place) a delay of (about 20 minutes) chytit autobus/vlak... zmekat autobus/vlak ... jt do prce pky bt dochviln/opozdilec pijt do prce pozd/vas pijt pozd/vas (kam) (asi 20minutov) zpodn
IN THE AFTERNOON
to leave work to collect the children (from a place) to do the shopping to do the cleaning to do the cooking to relax odejt z prce vyzvednout dti (odkud) nakoupit uklidit uvait odpovat to spend one's free time to get one's things ready for the next day to watch T V to watch sth on T V to take a bath to take a shower trvit voln as pipravit si vci na druh den dvat se na televizi shldnout co v televizi vykoupat se vysprchovat se
TIME FOR BED

to go to bed sleepy to stay up late to stay up/sit up jt spt ospal bt dlouho vzhru, nejt dlouho spt ponocovat, nejt spt till late at night pozd do noci to read/take a walk before bed st si/projt se ped spanm to fall asleep/go to sleep to be a light/heavy sleeper usnout mt lehk/tvrd span
18
5. DAILY ROUTINE
to spend a sleepless night to count sheep to have nightmares insomnia sleeping pill to stay awake all night to be (sound/fast) asleep to sleep like a log (inf)
strvit bezesnou noc potat oveky mt non mry nespavost prek na span probdt celou noc (tvrd) spt spt tvrd jako palek
to snore snoring to dream about sth to doze/nod off to doze off/nod off/ drop off to sleep to sleep sth off to talk in one's sleep to sleepwalk
chrpat chrpn mt sen o em podimovat zdmnout si, usnout vyspat se z neho mluvit ze span bt nmsn
SHUFFLED M O R N I N G ROUTINES: p u t M r Disorder's m o r n i n g routines into t h e correct order.
NOTES
19
5. DAJLY ROUTINE
M N M M G E X C U S E S : c o m a p mtk Stanley's explanation for w h y he's late t o w o r k .
NOTES
5. DAILY ROUTINE
T I M E FOR BED: compare a n d contrast these pictures and discuss t h e different ways in which people spend their nights. Which night illustrated here is most similar to yours? Why?
NOTES
21
6. FREE TIME
FREE TIME
to relax/take a rest odpoinout si : to be keen on sth ! to go jogging ; to practise yoga to give sth a whirl (inf)/ i a go (inf) I to chat/gossip with sb : on the phone : to attend language courses bt cel pry do eho chodit bhat cviit jgu zkusit nco novho (golf apod.) klbosit s km po telefonu navtvovat jazykov kurzy chodit na hodiny tance/ hudby chodit do kina/divadla/ muzea... hrt amatrsk divadlo chodit do spolenosti jt do spolenosti, vyrazit nkam (za zbavou) veer ve spolenosti spoleensk (lovk) dobr spolenk dlat komu spolenost zajt si na pivo/jdlo ... zajt do hospody/do klubu/ do parku... vypadnout z msta prochzet se po lese to unwind (inf)/chill (out) (inf) relaxovat, vypnout to forget about sth to take one s mind off sth to take a good rest to have (some days ...) off to enjoy a well-earned rest lazing about/lazing around to slob out/slob around to spend time doing sth to busy oneself with sth to take time out (to do sth) zapomenout na co vypustit co z hlavy, zapomenout na co podn si odpoinout, vyprhnout mt (pr dn...) volno
ut si zaslouen odpoinek ; to take dancing/ : music lessons nicnedln, lenoen ln se povalovat trvit as njakou innost zamstnat se m udlat si as (na co) i to go to the cinema/ :' theatre/museum... : to be an amateur actor : to socialize/go out to go out an evening out sociable/outgoing a good company to keep sb company to go out for a beer/meal... to go down to the pub/ club/park... to get out of town to walk through the forest
to while away the evening etc. prot, krtit si veer atd. to pass the time We played cards to pass the time. to go in for sth hobby/interest/pastime handyman collector to be enthusiastic about sth krtit si as, zabavit se Hrli jsme karty z dlouh chvle. zabvat se m, vnovat se emu konek, zjem, zbava domc kutil sbratel bt naden pro co
VISITS
a visit to sb/a call on sb quick/(un) expected visit to drop in on sb to go to see sb to come over to come for (the weekend) to be on a (short) visit to have somebody over nvtva u koho bleskov/(ne)oekvan nvtva zastavit se u koho, navtvit koho jt navtvit koho pijt na nvtvu, stavit se pijet na (vkend) bt na (krtk) nvtv mt koho na nvtv i to have a visitor/visitors/ \ company : We re expecting company : this evening. ; not be in I to take off one s coat/ jacket etc. Make yourself comfortable. : to offer sth to drink ; to return a visit mt nvtvu, spolenost Dnes veer oekvme nvtvu. nebt doma odloit si Udlejte si pohodl. nabdnout nco kpit oplatit nvtvu
22
6. FREE TIME
FRE
>mpare a n d contrast these pictures. W h a t do you like doing in your free time?
NOTES
-ate J ]no,\i^_ wtp ^ 5 v\o cie. j Uo. y&... a fvy .hj
r
w in I s .
23
7. HOLIDAY
HOLIDAY
to be on holiday to go on holiday to take a holiday to have a holiday to take (a few) days off work to spend one's holiday (at the cottage) holiday abroad seaside holiday the ideal place for a (romantic) holiday holidaymaker seaside hotel holiday resort bt na dovolen jet na dovolenou vzt si dovolenou mt, udlat si dovolenou vzt si v prci (pr) dn volna trvit dovolenou (na chat) dovolen v zahrani dovolen u moe ideln msto pro (romantickou) dovolenou rekreant pmosk hotel rekrean oblast : holiday destination : to enjoy one s holiday/ : have a nice time : to book a package tour : to go on one's own I to rent/hire a car : car hire i to get out of town : to go camping : to pack/unpack one's things : to take a photo of sth/sb : holiday snaps to come back/ return from holiday cl dovolen ut si dovolenou zamluvit si organizovan zjezd jet na vlastn pst najmout si auto pjovna aut vypadnout z msta jet tboit sbalit si/vybalit si vci vyfotografovat co/koho fotky z dovolen vrtit se z dovolen
HOTEL ACCOMMODATION
accommodation at the hotel boarding house/guest house
motel
ubytovn v hotelu penzin

motel
double room twin room suite including breakfast with a bath air-conditioning guest at the reception desk
dvoulkov pokoj pokoj se dvma jednolky apartm vetn sndan s koupelnou klimatizace host na recepci recepn dostat/odevzdat svj kl vyplnit pihlku zaplatit et zamstnanci hotelu hotelov poslek pokojsk nepetrit/pjemn/ ochotn sluba buzen telefonem pln penze
inn B&B (Bed and Breakfast) to put sb up to put up at (a hotel) for the night to stay at/in a hotel hotel room/bar/lobby... to reserve/book a room (in advance) reservation/booking in the name of... fully booked/booked up to have no vacancy to be occupied to try one's luck elsewhere to check/book into a hotel to check out of a hotel (by 10 o'clock) single room
hostinec nocleh se sndan ubytovat nkoho ubytovat se na noc v (hotelu) bydlet v hotelu hotelov pokoj/bar/vestibul... rezervovat si pokoj (dopedu, pedem) rezervace na jmno... pln obsazen nemt voln pokoj bt obsazen zkusit tst nkde jinde zapsat se, ubytovat se v hotelu odhlsit se z hotelu (do 10 hodin) jednolkov pokoj 1
desk clerk to get/leave one's key to fdl in the form to pay the bill hotel staff bellboy/bellhop maid/chambermaid nonstop/friendly/helpful service wake-up call service i full board
polopenze \ half board ; in/at/during high/peak season v sezn ; in the low season/off season mimo seznu
24
7. HOLIDAY
BEACH
sandy/shingle/nude beach sand sea wave to have a swim to go for a swim swimsuit bikini beach towel beach ball swimming belt sandcastle shell to walk on the beach beach umbrella psen/oblzkov/ nudistick pl psek moe vlna zaplavat si jt si zaplavat plavky bikiny plov osuka nafukovac m plovac kruh hrad z psku keble prochzet se po pli slunenk deekchair to lie/lie around on the beach to sunbathe to sunburn to get tanned/get a tan to he in the sun/in the shade suntan lotion/oil/cream sunglasses protection against the sun sunhat sunstroke/heatstroke overheating to avoid (the) sunshine to dive lifeguard to splash about/around lehtko leet/povalovat se na pli opalovat se split se na slunci oplit se leet na slunci/ve stnu opalovac krm slunen brle ochrana proti slunci klobouk proti slunci pal, eh peht vyhbat se slunci potpt se plavk stkat, ckat kolem
CAMPING
to camp to pitch camp/make camp campsite water supply toilets tent shelter caravan to put up/pitch a tent to take down a tent stanovat utboit se kemp pvod vody toalety stan psteek karavan, pvs postavit stan zbourat stan tent pole rope Peg sheet ground sheet waterproof sleeping bag air mattress mosquito net insect repellent stanov ty lano kolk plachta podlka nepromokav spac pytel nafukovac matrace s proti komrm repelent
25
7. HOLIDAY
to be bitten backpack vacuum flask torch
bt potpan batoh, krosna termoska baterka
to light/put out a fire to sit around the campfire to cook over the fire
rozdlat/uhasit ohe sedt kolem tborovho ohn vait nad ohnm
HOLIDAY: compare and contrast these pictures. How d o you usually spend your holiday?
NOTES
26
8. TRAVEL
BY RAIL
27
8. TRAVEL co-pilot to fly a plane to go by plane on the plane aboard/on board the plane window/aisle seat to fly altitude route turbulence to be airsick to crash air crash to book/cancel a flight domestic/international flight scheduled flight charter flight connecting flight connection budget flight non-stop/direct flight Have a nice flight! druh pilot dit letadlo lett letadlem v letadle na palub letadla sedadlo u okna/v ulice lett nadmosk vka trasa turbulence trpt nevolnost v letadle ztit se leteck netst zamluvit si/zruit let vnitrozemsk/mezinrodn let pravideln let specil navazujc let spojen rozpotov, levn let pm let astn let! : security check : X-ray machine : metal detector : terminal ; departure lounge : gate number transit lounge : information board : destination : departures I arrivals : announcement : to be slightly delayed to be badly/seriously delayed a delay of (2 hours) to catch/miss a plane to get on/board a plane to get off a plane to land/touch down to take off to taxi take-off safe/smooth/bumpy landing odbavit pepka pro odbaven letenka palubn lstek zvit nadmrn zavazadlo pasov kontrola vzum runway to collect one's luggage baggage claim trolley/cart carousel customs immigration arrivals lounge
bezpenostn kontrola rentgenov zazen detektor kovu terminl odletov hala slo brny tranzitn hala informan tabule destinace odlety plety hlen mt mrn zpodn mt velk zpodn (dvouhodinov) zpodn chytit/zmekat letadlo nastoupit do letadla vystoupit z letadla pistt vzltnout pojdt (o letadle) vzlet letadla bezpen/hladk/neklidn pistn pistvac a vzletov drha vyzvednout si zavazadla vdejna zavazadel vozk pohybliv zavazadlov ps celn prohldka pasov kontrola pletov hala
AT THE AIRPORT
to check in check-in desk air ticket boarding card to weigh excess luggage passport control visa
BY SEA
passenger ship cruise ship liner ocean liner ferry cargo ship/freighter oil tanker barge boat motorboat fishing boat lifeboat powerboat sailing boat dopravn lo vletn lo pravideln linka zaocensk parnk trajekt nkladn lo tanker n nkladn lun lun motorov lun rybsk lun zchrann lun zvodn lun plachetnice : yacht : catamaran i sails ; rigging ; dinghy | cruiser submarine : houseboat i deck hold : cabin : berth ; gangway : engine room jachta katamarn plachty lanov gumov lun kink, vletn lo ponorka hausbt paluba podpalub kajuta lko lodn mstek strojovna
28
8. TRAVEL
TRANSPORTATION EMPLOYEES: each of t h e individuals below w o r k for a transportation company. W h a t does their company offer? Which f o r m of transportation?
NOTES
29
8. TRAVEL
mmm wmn m*
ste kormidlo kapitnsk mstek p
: dock : shipyard j to be in port j to moor : to come into port ; to leave port : anchor : at anchor : to drop anchor ; to weigh anchor j lighthouse \ buoy i coastguard calm/rough sea I wave I tide ebb : to be seasick i to be shipwrecked : to sink : shipwreck : castaway ' survivor
dok lodnice kotvit v pstavu zakotvit lo, pivzat lo ke behu vplout do pstavu vyplout kotva zakotven spustit kotvu zvednout kotvu, vyplout majk bje poben hldka klidn/rozbouen moe vlna pliv odliv trpt moskou nemoc ztroskotat potpt se, klesat ztroskotn, vrak lodi trosenk zachrnn (lovk, kter peil)
rtem sailor captain the crew passenger to board a ship to get off a ship to embark to disembark embarkation disembarkation to sail voyage on board to set sail for (a place) harbour port pier/jetty quay
z nmonk kapitn posdka cestujc nastoupit do lod vystoupit z lod nalodit se vylodit se nalodn vylodn plout, plavit se plavba na palub vyplout (kam) pstav (prodn) pstav (vybudovan) pstavn hrz (vybhajc do moe), molo (uml) nbe, pstavit
ON FOOT/BY BICYCLE
to walk on foot hiking/trekking hike/trek hiker to go hiking jt pky, prochzet se pky p turistika p tra p turista chodit na p try i crossbar I brake lever : gear lever i chain i sprocket wheel pedal ; inner tube ; brake : mudguards \ kickstand ; rear light reflector pump lock 1 bike rack helmet : child seat cycle path : cycle lane horn rm pka brzdy pehazovac pka etz ozuben pevodov kolo pedl due brzda blatnky stojan zadn svtlo odrazka pumpika zmek stojan na kola helma dtsk sedaka cyklostezka jzdn pruh pro cyklisty
to hike (the Rocky mountains) prochodit (Skalist hory) strenuous (climb) exhausting rucksack/backpack to hitchhike to pick up a hitchhiker cycling by bike cyclist/rider to ride a bike/to cycle to go for a bike ride handlebars saddle namhav (vstup) vysilujc batoh, krosna stopovat vzt stopae cyklistika na kole cyklista jet na kole jet se projet na kole dtka sedlo
30
8. TRAVEL
A FANTASTIC TRIP: tell t h e story of M r Adventure's journey.
NOTES
31
9. TRAFFIC AND DRIVING

TRAFFIC
heavy traffic busy/clear road There wasn 't much traffic on the roads. clearly-marked roadway roadway main thoroughfare road safety roadwork diversion roundabout one-way street cat's eye sharp/double/blind bend underpass flyover crash barrier to get caught in rush-hour to be stuck in heavy traffic/ a traffic jam to crawl to control traffic traffic lights traffic warden to cross the road crossroads at the (next) crossroads blind crossing to look out zebra crossing hust doprava run/voln silnice Na silnicch nebylo moc aut. dobe znaen vozovka vozovka hlavn dopravn tepna bezpenost na silnici prce na silnici objdka kruhov objezd jednosmrn ulice odrazov sklo (koi oko) ostr/dvojit/slep zatka podjezd nadjezd svodidlo dostat se do dopravn piky uvznout, tret v dopravn zcp plazit se, thnout se dit dopravu dopravn signalizace, semafor dopravn policista pejet, pejt silnici kiovatka na (dal) kiovatce nepehledn kiovatka, pechod rozhldnout se znaen pechod pro chodce speed trap to breathalyze breathalyzer breathalyzer test drunk-driving to cross against the red to run out into the road to be hit by a car car park parking meter ' disabled parking traffic sign warning traffic rules/regulations to follow/obey/observe sth to comply with sth to break sth traffic violation/offence to commit an offence to jump the lights fine wheel clamp to be fined for (a parking violation/speeding) at a speed of 50 kmph at high/low speed to go at top/full speed pejt na ervenou vbhnout na silnici bt sraen autem parkovit parkovac hodiny parkovit pro invalidy dopravn znaka vstraha dopravn pedpisy dit se m, dodrovat co dit se m, dodrovat co poruit co, nedodret dopravn pestupek spchat pestupek jet na ervenou pokuta botika bt pokutovn za (patn parkovn/rychlou jzdu) rychlost 50 km/h vysokou/nzkou rychlost jet nejvy monou rychlost silnin kontrola rychlosti nechat nadchat do balnku balnek dechov zkouka na alkohol zen pod vlivem alkoholu
to be disqualified from driving mt zabaven idisk prkaz to disqualify sb from driving zabavit komu idisk prkaz
DRIVING
driving school driving lesson to learn to drive autokola hodina jzdy nauit se dit to be in gear to take the car out of gear to slow down to speed up/accelerate mt zaazenou rychlost vyadit rychlost zpomalit zrychlit
to obtain one's driving licence zskat idisk prkaz to lose one's driving licence pijt o idisk prkaz
to back/reverse/go backwards couvat to back the car up to back/reverse the car into (the garage) to back/reverse the car out
of f t h e fjarnop}
to start (up) sth/get sth started nastartovat co to release the clutch slowly to put the car in gear to change gear reverse gear pomalu uvolnit spojku zaadit rychlost peadit rychlost zpten rychlost
zacouvat autem zacouvat autem do (gare) vycouvat autem z (gare)
32
9.TRAFFIC AND DRIVING
TRAFFIC VIOLATIONS: c o m m e n t on t h e situations below. W h a t do you t h i n k has h a p p e n e d in each?
NOTES
33
to go straight to curve/turn to give way to signal oncoming car direction in the direction of (Prague) to turn off (the motorway) along/up/down a road on a road main road side/back road motorway inside/middle/outside lane three-lane road/motorway to change lanes to turn into/onto to brake (sharply/hard)
jet rovn zatoit, odboit dt pednost v jzd dvat znamen protijedouc auto smr smrem na (Prahu) odboit z, sjet z (dlnice) po silnici na silnici hlavn silnice vedlej silnice dlnice vnitn/prostedn/vnj jzdn pruh tproudov silnice/dlnice pejdt do jinho pruhu odboit (kam) zabrzdit (prudce)
: to put/slam on the brakes : to overtake (on a bend) ' to pass sth ; to go round the bend : to stop/pull up ; to pull in/over : at/by/on the roadside ; to stop in a lay-by \ to pay a toll ; to concentrate on driving i to get lost : road map I to do (fifty) kilometres : We've run out of petrol. : to fill up the tank at a petrol station a tankful of petrol to run on unleaded petrol
lpnout/dupnout na brzdy pedjdt (v zatce) mjet co projet zatkou zastavit zajet (ke krajnici), zastavit (u krajnice) u krajnice zastavit na odpovadle zaplatit mtn soustedit se na jzdu ztratit se silnin mapa ujet (padest) kilometr Doel nm benzn. natankovat ndr na erpac stanici pln ndr benznu jezdit na bezolovnat benzn
CAR ACCIDENTS
to cause an accident to report an accident fatal road accidents careless/reckless driver to go like a madman zpsobit nehodu nahlsit nehodu smrteln dopravn nehody bezohledn idi jet jako lenec to run off the road to drive one s car into a ditch to crash into/hit sth to collide (head-on) collision/crash to end up in (a place) to overturn to do some damage to have a close shave/ a narrow escape sjet ze silnice sjet autem do pkopu narazit do eho srazit se (eln) srka, havrie skonit (kde) pevrtit se zpsobit kodu mt namle, uniknout o vlas
to exceed/break the speed limit pekroit maximln povolenou rychlost to swerve at the last moment to skid/go into a skid na posledn chvli prudce zatoit dostat smyk
CAR
EXTERIOR
body work roof sunroof roofrack aerial windscreen windscreen wiper side-view/wing mirror rear window bonnet boot door doorhandle karosrie stecha sten oknko sten zahrdka antna eln sklo pedn stra zptn zrctko zadn sklo kapota zavazadlov prostor dvee dven klika bumper ; numberplate ; headlight i sidelight fog light : indicator 1 front/rear wheels : wing i tyre i hubcap i exhaust pipe j reverse light : brake light ; reflector nraznk registran znaka svtlomet obrysov svtlo mlhovka blika pedn/zadn kola blatnk pneumatika poklice vfuk zptn svtlomet brzdov svtlo odrazov svtlo
34
9. TRAFFIC A N D DRIVING
A CAR ACCIDENT: tell t h e story of Victor's accident (and personality).
NOTES
35
rear light petrol cap trailer
koncov svtlo vko od ndre pvsn vozk
:' odometer : rev(olution) rev counter warning light
mi ujetch kilometr otka otkomr vstran svtlo ukazatel stavu paliva ukazatel teploty ovldn topen autordio pedn/zadn sedadlo oprka hlavy
INTERIOR
steering wheel horn rear-view mirror ignition ignition key brake clutch accelerator dashboard gear lever manual/automatic gearbox speedometer volant klakson zptn zrctko zapalovn klek od zapalovn brzda spojka pedl plynu palubn deska pevodov pka run/automatick pevodovka tachometr
i fuel gauge temperature gauge heater controls car radio front/back seat headrest
anti-lock braking system (ABS) protiblokovad brzdov systm I air conditioning : airbag i seat belt i child seat 1 satellite navigation central locking system klimatizace airbag bezpenostn ps dtsk sedaka satelitn navigace centrln zamykn
PROBLEMS WITH A CAR

to have a breakdown to fix the trouble warning triangle
to be le stranded
mt poruchu odstranit zvadu vstran trojhelnk tret,

uvznout
; silencer ; to top up antifreeze to be leaking to be slipping petrol tank chassis defective brakes bald tyre puncture spare tyre jack wrench spare parts mechanic car service to overhaul worn-out/used old banger
tlumi dolt, doplnit nemrznouc kapalina prosakovat prokluzovat ndr podvozek vadn brzdy ojet pneumatika praskl pneumatika rezervn pneumatika zvedk kl na matice nhradn dly mechanik autoservis provst generln prohldku auta ojet star kp
to rescue to give sb a tow to tow (to a place) to pull breakdown lorry/truck tow service to check for sth to change/replace to fit sth to remove sth/take sth off (spark)plug point flat/charged battery to recharge the battery engine radiator
zachrnit, vyprostit vzt koho do vleku odthnout (kam) vythnout odtahov vz odtahov sluba zkontrolovat vymnit namontovat co vymontovat co zapalovac svka kontakt vybit/nabit baterie dobt baterii motor chladi 1
36
10. TOWN AND SIGHTS

TOWN
big town/city small town capital home/industrial/historical town neighbourhood/district/area population inhabitant population density overcrowded migration job opportunities town centre in a suburb on the outskirts velkomsto malomsto hlavn msto rodn/prmyslov/ historick msto mstsk tvr, obvod obyvatelstvo oban, obyvatel hustota obyvatel pelidnn migrace pracovn pleitosti centrum msta na pedmst na okraji msta j tram trolley j fare ; stop : railway/bus station j subway underground line within reach of public transport refuse collection refuse/rubbish dump sanitation sewage disposal plant drain sewer waste slum community to be surrounded by noise and pollution bustling/lively dull run-down buildings rising crime to be a safe place to live town/urban planning new housing built-up area skyscraper urban development urban sprawl urban renewal : town hall : municipal authorities : town/municipal council : town councillor : municipal elections tramvaj trolejbus jzdn zastvka eleznin/autobusov ndra podchod metro trasa v dosahu mstsk dopravy likvidace, odvoz odpadu skldka odpadu kanalizace istika odpadnch vod odpad, odtok kanl, stoka odpad chudinsk tvr komunita bt obklopen hlukem a neistotou run, uspchan nezajmav zchtral budovy rostouc zloinnost bt bezpen msto k bydlen plnovn msta novostavba zastavn plocha mrakodrap urbanizace iveln zstavba krajiny obnova msta radnice magistrt mstsk rada, obecn zastupitelstvo mstsk radn komunln volby
housing estate/neighbourhood sdlit square industrial/ shopping/ pedestrian zone to go into town nmst prmyslov/nkupn/ p zna jt do msta
a wide choice of entertainment irok vbr zbavy, mst k pobaven sports/entertainment centre indoor swimming pool playground amusement park museum theatre botanical garden zoological garden/zoo tourist information souvenirs/gift shop industry services factory hospital police station fire station public transport sportovn/zbavn centrum kryt bazn hit zbavn park muzeum divadlo botanick zahrada zoologick zahrada informan kancel pro turisty obchod se suvenry prmysl sluby tovrna nemocnice policie hasii hromadn doprava
37
10.TOWN AND SIGHTS
CITY LIFE: which aspects of living in a t o w n or city do each of these pictures show?
NOTES
38
10. TOWN AND SIGHTS
STREET
high/shopping street side/back street alley busy/quiet street crowded street deserted/empty street cobbled street pavement curb/kerb pedestrian hlavn/nkupn tda postrann ulice ulika, prchod (nap. mez budovami) run/tich ulice ulice pln lid oputn ulice ulice dldn koimi hlavami chodnk obrubnk chodec passer-by street lamp to walk the street (after dark) to drop litter litter bin dustbin to be full of litter/be littered street crime street corner to live on the streets street musicians kolemjdouc poulin lampa jt po ulici (po setmn) odhodit odpadky odpadkov ko popelnice bt pln odpadk, zneitn poulin zloinnost roh ulice t na ulici poulin umlci
SIGHTS
to see the sights/do some sightseeing to go sightseeing to show sb the sights to take sb round the sights sightseeing tour sightseeing coach guided tour itinerary to get lost guide book to be situated/be located to (be) spread out to found/establish to originate date of foundation origin prohlet si pamtky jt, jet si prohldnout pamtky provst koho po pamtkch provst koho po pamtkch poznvac zjezd vyhldkov autobus prohldka s prvodcem trasa, pln cesty ztratit se prvodce (kniha) nachzet se rozprostrat se zaloit vzniknout datum zaloen pvod, vznik to be preserved I to burn down : well-preserved : destroyed i ruins I remains : to consist of sth : to form : to restore/renovate : to convert into sth | to be (partly) restored/ : rebuilt ; to rank among sth j to be rich in sth : monument/memorial chateau i castle tower town gate I town walls : fortification column fountain 1 residence/seat monastery convent church chapel tomb catacombs cathedral dochovat se shoet zachoval znien zcenina, trosky pozstatky skldat se z eho tvoit renovovat pestavt na co bt (sten) zrenovovn/ pestavn adit se mezi co bt bohat na co pomnk, pamtnk zmek zmek, hrad v mstsk brna mstsk hradby opevnn sloup kana sdlo klter ensk klter kostel kaple hrobka katakomby katedrla
to date back to (the 13th century) pochzet z (13. stolet) ancient medieval style kite early Romanesque Gothic Renaissance Baroque modern/classic...) architecture a fine example of (Gothic) architecture starobyl stedovk sloh, styl pozdn ran romnsk gotick renesann barokn (modern/klasick...) architektura skvl pklad (gotick) stavby
39
10. TOWN AND SIGHTS
basilica chamber statue mosque temple synagogue steeple/spire arch dome vault cornice pillar observation tower outskirts/environs a place of pilgrimage to admire to explore to be worth seeing well-known
bazilika komnata socha meita chrm synagoga piat v oblouk kupole klenba, krypta, sejf msa sloup, pil rozhledna okol poutn msto obdivovat objevovat, projt, projet si stt za vidn znm, proslul
little-known
mn znm
to be famous/renowned for sth bt znm/proslul m significant notable (feature/example...) to be notable for sth interesting fascinating/breathtaking impressive magnificent/splendid the charm of the place popular tourist attraction to attract huge numbers of tourists to pay the entrance fee free of charge to wander around tiredness to get sick and tired of sth (spoken) vznamn pozoruhodn (rys/pklad...) bt pozoruhodn m zajmav, poutav chvatn impozantn, psobiv velkolep, ndhern kouzlo msta oblben lkadlo turist pitahovat obrovsk mnostv turist zaplatit vstupn vstupn zdarma toulat se kolem nava omrzet co, nabait se eho
to become overloaded with sth bt zahlcen m
40
10. TOWN AND SIGHTS
STREET: compare these t w o pictures a n d t r y t o find at least 5 differences b e t w e e n t h e m .
NOTES
41
11. JOB
EMPLOYMENT
to employ sb/take sb on employer employee occupation line of work profession vocation to make/earn a living to do sth for a living to live off (music, interest from savings...) to hold a post position/post civil service civil servant manual/intellectual job to have one s own business to run a firm self-employed to freelance casual/seasonal job summer job to moonlight zamstnat koho, pijmout koho zamstnavatel zamstnanec zamstnn obor, brane profese (odborn) povoln, posln vydlvat na ivobyt ivit se m uivit se m, bt iv z eho executive/manager zastvat pozici, funkci pracovn msto sttn sprva sttn zamstnanec manuln/duevn prce mt svou vlastn ivnost dit firmu samostatn vdlen bt na voln noze pleitostn/seznn prce letn brigda melouchait to be familiar with sth to introduce sb to clock in/out department head senior foreman superior/boss subordinate to report to sb to work under sb to be in charge of sb work from home sedentary job staff/labour/personnel/ workforce white-collar worker blue-collar worker headquarters chief executive management (personnel...) department vkon prce doma sedav zamstnn zamstnanci, pracovn sly pracovnk v kanceli pracovnk dlnick profese editelstv generln editel veden, zen (personln...) oddlen, odbor vedouc pracovnk, manaer vedouc oddlen sluebn star mistr (dlny) nadzen podzen bt podzen komu pracovat pod km dohlet na koho, bt zodpovdn za koho bt obeznmen s m zauit koho oznait pchod/odchod
APPLYING FOR A JOB

to look for/seek a job to apply for a job applicant for sth labour office job centre to place/put an ad vacancy/opening recruitment to become vacant to have a vacancy for (a position) to send a job application hledat si/uchzet se o prci zadat o prci uchaze o co ad prce pracovn agentura podat si inzert voln pracovn msto nbor uvolnit se (o pracovn pozici) mt voln pracovn msto na (pozici) poslat dost o msto references to fix a meeting to go for a job interview to be called/be invited for an interview selection to make a (good) impression on sb to be short-listed to submit one's certificates ability skill knowledge command (in) sufficient school report diploma exam in sth reference domluvit si schzku jt na pijmac pohovor bt pozvn na pohovor vbrov zen udlat (dobr) dojem na koho postoupit do uho vbru pedloit sv osvden schopnost dovednost znalost(i) ovldn, znalost (ne)dostaten vysvden diplom zkouka z eho
to attach a curriculum vitae/CV piloit ivotopis brief/concise detailed to state one's data to fill in/complete a questionnaire strun podrobn uvst sv daje vyplnit dotaznk
42
11.JOB
43
11.JOB
EMPLOYMENT: c o m m e n t on each of these jobs, t h i n k i n g of qualification, t i m e at w o r k , duties, pay or salary, a n d prospects for t h e f u t u r e of each.
NOTES
44
11.JOB
LEAVING A JOB
to give notice to quit/leave a job notice period dismissal to dismiss (at an hour's notice) to sack (inf)/throw out (inf)/ fire (inf) sb to be/get fired (inf)/ sacked (inf) for sth laid off/made redundant redundancy redundant redundancy pay to terminate one's employment probation to take early retirement unreasonable involuntarily absenteeism labour turnover to breach a breach (of regulations) dt vpov odejt z prce vpovdn lhta proputn propustit (na hodinu) vyhodit, vyrazit koho z prce dostat padka" kvli emu proputn (z organizanch dvod) nadbytek nadbyten, nepotebn odstupn, odkodn ukonit pracovn pomr zkuebn lhta odejt pedasn do penze bezdvodn nedobrovoln absence fluktuace pracovn sly poruit poruen (pedpis) working regulations discipline to comply with sth to neglect negligence incompetence gross misconduct to misappropriate to reveal sth to take measures to investigate to draw/face consequences pracovn d kze dit se m zanedbat nedbalost neschopnost hrub poruen kzn, vn pestupek zpronevit odhalit co uinit opaten proetit vyvodit/nst dsledky
to be out of work/unemployed bt nezamstnan to be entitled to sth unemployment benefits to be on the dole (inf) sickness benefits maternity benefits to be on maternity leave to be on strike to strike against/for sth to call for sth mt nrok na co podpora v nezamstnanosti bt na podpoe nemocensk dvky rodiovsk podpora bt na matesk dovolen stvkovat stvkovat proti emu/za co volat po em, poadovat co
45
11.JOB
JOB SATISFACTION: invent a story explaining w h y Patrick decided t o leave his j o b .
NOTES
46
12. MONEY
MONEY MATTERS
(small) change banknote cash in cash to make/earn (good) money to spend money on sth to waste money on sth to squander/blow (inf) money on sth to lose money on sth to save money on sth to save up money for sth to scrimp and save thrifty spendthrift to be short of money to be penniless drobn bankovka hotovost v hotovosti vydlvat (slun) penze utrcet penze za co vyhodit, proustrovat penze za co rozhazovat, vyhodit penze za co prodlat penze na em uetit penze na em naetit penze na co nakudlit, naetit spoiv, etrn rozhazovan lovk mt mlo penz bt bez koruny to be stinking rich (inf)/ be filthy rich (inf) to have money to burn to cost a lot of money/ a fortune to lend sb to borrow to owe to raise money to get by on/manage with (an amount) to live on sth to live on (an amount) to splash out (a wad/ an amount) on sth bt nechutn bohat mt dost penz na vyhazovn stt hodn penz/cel jmn pjit komu pjit si dluit sehnat penze vyjt, vystait s (stkou) t z eho vyt z (stky) vyplznout (podn balk/ stku) za co
to cough up (an amount) (inf) vyplznout, vyklopit (stku) to run up a huge bill to pay/foot the bill to pump sb for money money down the drain to bleed sb for every last penny money laundering counterfeit money dirty money idle money pocket money udlat velikou tratu zaplatit, zathnout et tahat z koho penze vyhozen penze obrat, okubat" koho do hale pran pinavch penz falen penze pinav penze penze lec ladem kapesn
to be flat broke/be stony broke bt vorc to make a fortune/a pile (inf)/ vydlat jmn, balk, a mint (inf) nahrabat si to invest money in sth to pump money into sth good/sound investment to pay off to convert sth into money to be loaded (inf)/ be rolling in it (inf) investovat penze do eho vret penze do eho dobr investice vyplatit se zpenit co bt prachat, topit se v penzch
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to be overdrawn by (an amount) to be in the red (inf)
bt peerpn o (kolik) bt zadluen, bt v mnusu
to write sb a cheque for \ (an amount)
vypsat ek komu na (stku)
WAYS TO GET RICH: tell t h e story of w h a t happens to this (lucky?) lottery winner.
NOTES
48
13. SHOPPING
IN A SHOP
GOODS
goods product item wide choice/range/selection assortment to choose from sth brand make branded goods label pricelist price tag to sell well zbo vrobek druh zbo irok vbr sortiment vybrat si z eho znaka (spotebnho zbo) znaka (elektro apod.) znakov zbo nlepka, visaka, etiketa cenk cenovka jt na odbyt expensive/pricey cheap/inexpensive priceless/valuable worthless/valueless free of charge additional/extra charge to have sth in stock to be out of stock We don't stock them. to order to store warehouse/store stocktaking/inventory-taking drah levn cenn bezcenn zdarma pirka mt co na sklad nemt na sklad Myje nevedeme. objednat skladovat sklad zbo inventura
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13. SHOPPING
SHOPS AND SERVICES

shopping centre supermarket chain store corner shop department department store baker's butcher's chemist's stationer's office supplies grocer's counter greengrocer's newsagent's fishmonger's deli obchodn centrum supermarket obchodn etzec obchdek obchodn oddlen obchodn dm pekastv eznictv drogerie paprnictv kancelsk poteby : bar ; coffee shop ' refreshment stall ; snack-bar : health food shop/ : wholefood shop boutique bar bufet stnek s oberstvenm bufet obchod se zdravou vivou butik
; to try sth on in a fitting room vyzkouet si co v kabince ; to fit : to suit I a good size padnout (o velikosti) sluet dobr velikost ve vech velikostech istrna samoobslun prdelna kadenictv holistv realitn kancel cestovn kancel
obchod se smenm zbom : in all sizes I dry-cleaner's pult : launderette zelinstv trafika obchod s rybami lahdkstv : hairdresser's barber's estate agent's travel agent's
ironmonger's/hardware store elezstv florist's jeweller's bookshop shoe shop toy shop electrical appliances optician's household goods china shop giftshop antiques sweetshop tea shop/tearoom caf pub kvtinstv obchod s klenoty knihkupectv obchod s obuv hrakstv elektrospotebie optika domc poteby obchod s porcelnem obchod s drkovmi pedmty staroitnosti cukrrna ajovna kavrna hospoda
(car/cycle/shoe...) repair shop opravna (aut/jzdnch kol/

DOt...)
(ice cream/hotdog...) stand market flea market second-hand shop junk shop i jumble sale i i car-boot sale ! to get rid of sth 1 available by mail order : delivery i delivery service to deliver the goods
stnek (se zmrzlinou/s prky v rohlku...) trit ble trh second-hand bazar prodej pouitho zbo, bazar, vetenictv prodej pouitho zbo z kufru auta zbavit se eho k dostn zsilkovou slubou dodvka, rozvka donkov sluba dodat zbo
SALE
a good value/a real bargain to get a discount on sth to buy sth at a discount 10 pounds off at a bargain/reduced price cut-price (fruit/toys...) half-price vhodn koup dostat slevu na co koupit co se slevou deset liber sleva se slevou/za snenou cenu zlevnn (ovoce/hraky...) za polovinu bn ceny : on sale : j for sale : (clearance) sale ; the January sales ; special offer ; bargain hunter k dostn; na prodej za snen ceny (AmE) na prodej vprodej, doprodej lednov vprodeje zbo mimodn nabdka, akce lovk milujc nakupovn se slevou
50
SHOPPING: c o m m e n t on t h e pictures below. Do you prefer to shop in a supermarket or in shops specialized for particular foods? W h a t different kinds of specialty f o o d shops are there? specialized for
NOTES
51
13. SHOPPING
COMPLAINTS
to complain about sth a complaint about the quality of sth to make a complaint to receive a complaint claim for compensation a letter of complaint faulty/missing goods damaged soiled to be of bad/poor quality overpriced stovat si na co stnost/reklamace na kvalitu eho podat stnost, reklamovat obdret stnost, reklamaci nrok, poadavek na nhradu kody reklaman dopis, psemn stnost vadn/chybjc zbo pokozen pinav, umazan mt patnou jakost pedraen to be of good/high quality first-class quality inferior guarantee certificate to meet/reject a claim to exchange sth for sth else to refund to demand a refund to overcharge sb/rip sb off a rip off (inf) to be taken in mt dobrou jakost prvotdn kvalitn podadn, nekvalitn zrun list vyhovt/zamtnout reklamaci vymnit nco za nco jinho vrtit penze poadovat vrcen penz natovat komu vce, oidit zlodjna bt oizen, nalett
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CLOTHING
MEN'S CLOTHING
single-/double-breasted suit trousers tie shirt collar cuff sleeve waistcoat (sports) jacket coat (hooded) jacket blazer lining lined jumper/sweater/pullover crew-neck polo-neck/turtleneck underwear vest socks knee socks underpants briefs boxer shorts nightwear pyjamas dinner jacket tailcoat/tails jedno-/dvouadov oblek kalhoty kravata koile lmec maneta rukv vesta (sportovn) sako kabt bunda (s kapuci) blejzr podvka s podvkou svetr ke krku (bez lmce) rolk spodn prdlo ntlnk ponoky podkolenky spodky slipy trenrky non obleen pyamo smoking frak pleated with a slit wrap-around skirt trouser suit tunic dress leggings cardigan lingerie bra knickers/panties/briefs tights stockings corset/basque suspender/garter slip nightdress/nightie dressing gown/bathrobe evening dress ballgown wedding dress veil train apron plisovan s rozparkem zavinovac sukn kalhotov kostm tunika aty legny, kamae svetr na zapnn spodn prdlo podprsenka kalhotky punochov kalhoty punochy korzet podvazek kombin, spodnika non koile upan spoleensk aty veern rba svatebn aty zvoj vleka zstra
CASUAL AND SPORTS WEAR

T-shirt sweatshirt short-/long-sleeved shorts triko mikina s krtkm/dlouhm rukvem ortky dny kalhoty s laclem ustien dny maske teplkov souprava zimn bunda nepromokav bunda, vtrovka pltnka - kapuce nepromokav fotbalov dres kopaky
WOMEN'S CLOTHING
top blouse pads strapless sleeveless oval neckline V-neck low neck high neck mini skirt knee-length full-length skirt full straight vrek, top halenka vycpvky bez ramnek bez rukv ovln vstih vstih do tvaru V vstih ke krku hlubok vstih minisukn sukn po kolena dlouh sukn kolov zk
jeans dungarees cut-offs camouflage tracksuit/trackie (inf)/ leisure suit winter coat anorak/windcheater raincoat - hood waterproof football jersey football boots
one-piece/two-piece swimsuit jednodln/dvoudln plavky bikini bikiny
53
swimming trunks bathing cap wet suit ski jacket
pnsk plavky koupac epice neoprn lyask bunda
* ski pants ski gloves goggles leotard
lyask kalhoty lyask rukavice lyask brle trikot
DESCRIBING CLOTHES
STYLE
(in) formal elegant/smart festive casual comfortable practical conventional fashionable/trendy/stylish good-quality original cool extravagant gaudy for my taste old-fashioned (ne)formln elegantn, vkusn slavnostn vedn, neformln pohodln praktick tradin, bn mdn, trendov kvalitn originln super, skvl, neokoukan extravagantn okzal, nevkusn, peplcan na mj vkus staromdn creaseproof creased to crease/crumple to shrink nemakav zmakan, zmuchlan zmakat, zmuchlat srazit se
COLOUR
single-coloured/plain-coloured jednobarevn multicoloured/colourful light/bright/dark colours shade pastel faded garish to blend with sth to clash (vce)barevn svtl/jasn/tmav barvy odstn pastelov vybledl kiklav, rvav ladit s m tlouci se (o barvch)
SIZE
tight tsn voln plandav pilhav streov lichotiv padnout dobe vyrst z eho zabrat (o dlce odvu) popustit (o dlce odvu) zabrat (o c e odvu) popustit (o c e odvu) loose baggy close-fitting/tight-fitting/ skin-tight stretch flattering to fit to grow out of sth to take up to let down to take in to let out
MATERIAL
fabric cloth linen cotton wool corduroy denim silk velvet flannel terry satin brocade lace suede leather fur polyester synthetic thick thin transparent worn-out ragged shabby tkanina, ltka ltka, sukno pltno bavlna vlna manestr dnovina hedvb samet flanel frot satn brokt krajka semi ke koeina polyester syntetick siln slab prsvitn obnoen roztrhan ouml, otrhan 54
PATTERN
plain patterned striped polka-dot floral chequered/ checked speckled geometric batik ornamenal striking motif jednoduch, bez vzorku vzorovan pruhovan puntkov kvtovan kostkovan han, kropenat geometrick batikovan s ornamenty, ozdobn npadn, efektn motiv
FASHION: w h a t in t h e w o r l d are these people wearing?
NOTES
55
ACCESSORIES
cap hat woollen hat straw hat glasses sunglasses scarf muffler shawl belt buckle epice, kiltovka klobouk lnn epice slamk brle slunen brle tek, la la l psek pezka braces tie bow tie tin pin (foldaway) umbrella handbag briefcase gloves mittens to complement (each other) le kravata motlek spona do kravaty (skldac) detnk kabelka aktovka rukavice palky doplovat (se navzjem)
JEWELLERY
earring ring watch chain necklace pendant bracelet brooch clasp precious stone nunice prsten hodinky etzek nhrdelnk pvek nramek bro zapnn drahokam fake stone imitation costume jewellery to match sth/go with sth to blend with sth matching becoming decent gaudy/showy tacky uml kmen imitace biuterie hodit se k emu ladit s m, hodit se k emu ladc, hodc se sluiv decentn nevkusn, okzal kovit, lacin
FOOTWEAR
outdoor footwear lace-up/leather shoe walking/hiking boots Wellington boots/gumboots brogues slip-ons/moccasins sandals flip-flops high-heeled shoes/heels/ stilettos to wear heels court shoes patent leather shoes tennis shoes/trainers (BrE)/ sneakers (AmE) running shoes pumps slippers clogs to put sth on/slip on sth vychzkov obuv nrovac/koen bota pohorky holnky koen polobotky mokasny sandly plov sandly boty na vysokm podpatku nosit podpatky lodiky lakrky sportovn boty, tenisky tretry cviky pantofle devky obout, nazout co to take sth off to change one's shoes to fasten/do up to lace up/do up to unfasten/undo to wear down/out to wear through worn-down/worn-out to pinch well-fitting ill-fitting lace eyelet tongue sole heel toe to polish shoe polish vyzout co pezout se zapnout zavzat rozepnout, rozvzat ooupat se, opotebovat se prochodit boty selapan tlait (o bot) dobe padnouc patn padnouc tkanika drka jazyk podrka podpatek pika (boty) letit krm na boty
56
WARDROBE CONTENTS IN THE GARDEN: in pairs or groups, discuss w h a t these items have in c o m m o n .
NOTES
57
DRESSING
to put sth on to take sth off/strip off sth to get dressed to get undressed/strip to strip naked/to the waist to strip down to
^one s swimsuii^
oblknout si co svlknout si co oblknout se svlknout se svlknout se do naha/do pl tla svlknout se do (plavek) pevlknout si co pevlci se pevlknout se do eho/ z eho oblci koho do eho
to dress smartly/warmly... overdressed underdressed to dress up to be dressed up as... to do up to undo button zip lace to loosen to roll up
oblkat se elegantn/teple ... pehnan nastrojen nevhodn obleen nastrojit se, vyfiknout se bt pestrojen za... zapnout, zavzat rozepnout, rozvzat knoflk zip tkanika povolit vyhrnout
to change sth to get changed to change into sth/out of sth to dress sb in sth
FASHION
to be fashion-conscious to follow fashion to conform to fashion to be in fashion/ be in vogue/be in (inf) to come into fashion/vogue to go out of fashion/ be out (inf) to replace sth with sth to prevail to come back into fashion in the latest fashion trend zajmat se o mdu sledovat mdu pizpsobit se md bt v md pijt do mdy vyjt z mdy
:
a passing fad/craze leading fashion magazine fashion show to design models fashion designer to set the fashion fashion industry
doasn, pechodn mdn vstelek pedn mdn asopis mdn pehldka navrhovat modely mdn nvrh udvat mdu mdn prmysl modelka mdn fotograf ob mdy postava jako ze urnlu
nahradit co m pevldat stt se opt mdn podle nejnovj mdy trend
i fashion model : fashion photographer fashion victim : fashion plate (inf)
58
A SHOE A N D A SHIRT: n a m e t h e parts of these items.
NOTES
59
15. FOOD AND DRINKS

FOOD
GRAINS
grains wheat oat barley rye rice corn millet grain/kernel short-/long-grain couscous semolina bran wholemeal (flour, bread...) to mill obiloviny, zrna penice oves jemen ito re kukuice proso, jhly zrno krtko-/dlouhozrn kuskus krupice otruby celozrnn (mouka, chlb...) mlt aniseed i ginger ; saffron : cardamom ; turmeric ; curry i whole crushed ground : a pinch aroma i i HERBS j herb chives j parsley dill marjoram lutniny fazole hrek oka sojov boby cizrna nechat namoit basil mint thyme coriander rosemary sage fennel bay leaf semena slunenicov semena dov semena sezamov semena hoin semena semena mku oregano tarragon a sprig to flavour bylina paitka petrelka kopr majornka bazalka mta tymin koriandr rozmarn alvj fenykl bobkov list oregano estragon sntka ochutit, okoenit anz zzvor afrn kardamon kurkuma kari cel drcen mlet petka vn
PULSES
pulses bean pea lentil soya beans chickpea to soak
SEEDS
seeds sunflower seeds pumpkin seeds sesame seeds mustard seeds poppy seeds
MEAT
i red/white meat : lean erven/bl maso libov vepov hovz telec jehn skopov ryb drbe kue kachna husa krocan
SPICES
spices black/white pepper caraway paprika chilli allspice nutmeg vanilla cinnamon cloves koen ern/bl pep kmn erven paprika chilli nov koen muktov oek vanilka skoice hebek
: pork : beef : veal i lamb : mutton 1 fish : poultry ; chicken ; duck \ goose \ turkey
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15. FOOD AND DRINKS
61
15. FOOD AND DRINKS
roll bun French bread crust loaf slice crumb breadcrumbs pasta
houska emle veka krka bochnk krajc drobek strouhanka tstoviny
jelly mousse ice cream scoop cone sorbet sundae (boiled) sweet toffee lollipop
ovocn el pna zmrzlina kopeek kornout sorbet zmrzlinov pohr (tvrd) bonbn karamela lztko mt rd sladk
CAKES AND DESSERTS

(birthday/wedding) cake fruit tart trifle pastry puff pastry sponge cake apple pie pancake muffin biscuit custard (narozeninov/svatebn) dort ovocn dortk ovocn pohr s pikotem mounk, sladk peivo listov tsto pikotov ez jablen zvin palainka muffin suenka pudink
to have a sweet tooth
CONDIMENTS
condiment ketchup mustard soya sauce mayonnaise spread (balsamic) vinegar (olive) oil to flavour koen, chuov psada keup hoice sjov omka majonza pomaznka (balzamikov) ocet (olivov) olej dochutit, ochutit
A HEAVY S H O P P I N G : Lola is on her w a y f r o m t h e supermarket. From t h e scattered groceries on t h e floor, guess w h a t she b o u g h t .
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15. FOOD AND DRINKS
FRUITS
stone fruit citrus fruit berries apple pear plum peach nectarine apricot cherry pulp core stone to stone lemon lime orange grapefruit tangerine zest segment strawberry raspberry blackberry peckovit ovoce citrusov ovoce bobulovit ovoce jablko hruka vestka broskev nektarinka meruka tee duina ohryzek pecka odpeckovat citrn limetka pomeran grep mandarinka kra (citrusovho ovoce) dlek jahoda malina ostruina ; grapes i banana - skin
:
blueberry i gooseberry cranberry i red/black currant melon - rind, flesh, seed
borvka angret brusinka erven/ern rybz meloun - slupka, duina, semnko hroznov vno bann - slupka ananas kiwi papja mango avokdo zral shnil suen ovoce fk datle suen vestka rozinka kandovan/zavaen ovoce dem marmelda (citrusov)
pineapple kiwi fruit papaya mango avocado ripe rotten dried fruit
%
date prune raisin candied/preserved fruit jam marmalade
VEGETABLES
potato tomato cucumber red/green pepper carrot celeriac celery onion garlic - clove shallot spring onion leek cauliflower broccoli cabbage - stalk lettuce green bean green pea - pod kohlrabi brambor raje okurka erven/zelen paprika mrkev celer (bulva) celer apkat cibule esnek - strouek alotka jarn cibulka prek kvtk brokolice kapusta - kol hlvkov salt zelen fazolka hrek - lusk kedluben, brukev pak choi Brussels sprout sweetcorn marrow pumpkin nsk zel rikov kapusta kukuice (cukrov) tykev, dn (zelen) dn (oranov)
courgette (BrE)/zucchini (AmE) cuketa radish horseradish aubergine beetroot parsnip : rhubarb : spinach : fennel ; chicory ; artichoke ; beansprout : mushroom ! truffle edkvika ken lilek erven epa pastik rebarbora pent fenykl ekanka artyok sjov vhonek ampion lan
63
15. FOOD AND DRINKS
olive stuffed olive sauerkraut
oliva plnn oliva kysan zel
gherkin to pickle
kysel okurka nakldat (do octa nebo soli, ke kvaen)
NUTS
walnut almond chestnut hazelnut peanut cashew nut pistachio vlask oech mandle jedl katan lskov oech bursk oech keu oech pistcie brazil nut coconut shell shelled whole salted roasted para oech kokosov oech skopka vyloupan cel solen praen
BEVERAGES
HOT DRINKS
black/green/herbal tea tea bag ice tea black/white/ice coffee filter/instant coffee decaffeinated coffee caffeine cream coffee grounds espresso cappuccino hot chocolate cocoa ern/zelen/bylinkov aj ajov sek ledov aj ern/bl/ledov kva pekapvan/rozpustn kva kva bez kofeinu kofein smetana kvov sedlina, lgr espresso cappuccino hork okolda kakao
ALCOHOLIC DRINKS
draught/bottled beer froth malt hops lager bitter stout dry/sweet/sparkling wine mulled wine spritzer champagne liqueur liquor vodka voda z vodovodu balen voda neperliv/perliv voda minerln voda soda umiv npoj dus, va citronda kokakola tonik jahodov koktejl
t*iitn 1 H I 11
toen/lahvov pivo pna slad chmel svtl pivo, lek polotmav pivo ern pivo such/sladk/umiv vno svaen vno vinn stik ampask likr tvrd alkohol vodka rum brandy gin tequila whisky uhasit ze udlat si ze stzliv opil opil namol opt se z eho vystzlivt mt kocovinu
SOFT DRINKS
tap water bottled water still/sparkling water mineral water soda water fizzy drink juice lemonade cola tonic strawberry milkshake
brandy gin tequila whisky to quench one s thirst to work up a thirst sober drunk blind drunk to get drunk on sth to sober up to have a hangover
64
15. FOOD AND DRINKS
A BIG EATER: in pairs or groups, discuss w h a t each of these f o o d items has in c o m m o n .
NOTES
65

COOKING
to clean to dress to dress (a salad) to peel to shell to chop sth to slice sth to dice sth up to cut sth into slices/cubes... to cut sth up to cut sth in half/in two to grate to mash to crush to pour to mix to stir to whisk to roll to scramble to coat sth in/with sth to boil to simmer to poach oistit opracovat, oistit, vykuchat ... (o mase) ochutit (salt) loupat zbavit skopky nakrjet, naezat co nakrjet na pltky nakrjet co na kostiky krjet co na pltky/kostky... rozkrjet co rozkrojit co na plku strouhat rozmakat rozdrtit nalt smchat mchat lehat vlet mchat vejce obalit co v em vait se, pevait, vait ve vod zvolna, slab povait krtce povait, podusit : to steam : to stew : to roast to bake to fry to deep fry to stir-fry to grill to heat up to thicken to dilute/water down to sprinkle sth with sth to sprinkle sth on/over sth to freeze to defrost to bottle to preserve to dry to candy to pickle to marinate to smoke to cure to spoil to burn to a cinder vait v pe dusit pct (maso apod.) pct (peivo apod.) smait fritovat osmait, orestovat grilovat oht zahustit rozedit posypat co m nasypat co na co zmrazit rozmrazit plnit do sklenic zavaovat, konzervovat suit kandovat, prosladit nakldat (do octa nebo soli) marinovat udit nasolit a usuit zkazit split na uhel
EATING HABITS
to eat well/healthily/sensibly to eat modestly balanced/healthy diet poor diet vegetarian/Western diet daily diet high-fibre diet junk food (inf) organic food fatty/starchy food to eliminate sth from the diet nutrition vitamins minerals trace elements jst zdrav jst stdm vyven/zdrav strava chud, nezdrav strava vegetarinsk/zpadn strava kadodenn pjem potravy strava bohat na vlkninu nezdrav strava prodn strava tun/moun jdla vylouit co ze stravy viva vitamny minerln ltky stopov prvky artificial additives food colouring food industry malnutrition to live on (chips and cola) to treat oneself to sth fastidious substantial breakfast to be on a varied diet to be on a strict diet vegetarian fibre wholemeal (un)saturated fats preservatives vlknina celozrnn (ne)nasycen tuky konzervan ltky, antioxidanty uml psady potravinsk barvivo potravinsk prmysl podviva bt iv z (hranolk a koly) dopt si co vybrav, mlsn vydatn sndan mt pestrou stravu mt psnou dietu vegetarin
66
EATING HABITS: compare a n d contrast these pictures. W h a t are your eating habits?
NOTES
67
vegan meat-eater to eat like a bird (inf) to eat like a horse (inf) to overeat to eat sth at/in one sitting to stuff oneself/ gorge oneself with sth (inf) to pig out on sth (inf) to raid the fridge (inf) to be overweight/ be underweight to put on weight to get fat
vegan lovk, kter j maso, masoravec" jst velmi mlo jst za dva pejdat se snst co na posezen nacpat se m
to watch one s weight to be on a diet my ideal weight to have a weight problem low calorie food to count/burn off calories food/calorie/fluid intake nutrition expert
hldat si svou vhu dret dietu moje ideln vha mt tendenci tloustnout nzkokalorick strava potat/split kalorie pjem potravy/kalori/ tekutin odbornk na vivu hubnout zhubnout zhubnout na (60 kilo) porucha pjmu potravy anorexie bulimie
nacpat se m vyplenit" ledniku mt nadvhu/mt podvhu pibrat ztloustnout
to be slimming (down) to lose weight to slim down to (60 kilos) eating disorder anorexia bulimia
RESTAURANT
to eat out customer/guest waiter waitress barman barmaid chef cook atmosphere non-smoking area to seat sb to take a seat to serve good/slow/terrible service to make one s order/order to take the order last order menu drink list lunch menu specials course a four-course meal aperitif starter/appetizer jst v restauraci, ve mst... zkaznk, host nk nice barman barmanka fkucha kucha atmosfra, prosted prostor pro nekuky usadit koho ke stolu posadit se obsluhovat dobr/pomal/hrozn obsluha objednat si poznait si objednvku posledn objednvka jdeln lstek npojov lstek poledn menu speciality chod jdlo o tyech chodech aperitiv pedkrm soup main dish/main course side order dessert dip vegetarian dish portion/serving/helping to serve generous portions double helping children's portion to have a second helping to try to taste/smell nice polvka hlavn jdlo ploha dezert dip, hust omka vegetarinsk pokrm porce dvat velk porce dvojit porce dtsk porce pidat si ochutnat chutnat/vont dobe
delicious/superb/excellent/tasty skvl, vborn, chutn exquisite mouth-watering overcooked undercooked too salty hot spicy bland disgusting to pay separately/altogether It's my treat./This is on me. to leave a tip for the waiter vynikajc lkav, na co se sbhaj sliny pevaen, rozvaen nedovaen pli slan ostr, pliv koenn, pikantn nijak, neslan nemastn odporn platit zvl/dohromady To platm j. nechat nkovi spropitn
68
IN A RESTAURANT: look at these t w o pictures a n d t r y to find at least 5 differences b e t w e e n t h e m .
NOTES
69
ON THE TABLE
to set/lay the table tablecloth table/place setting cutlery crockery glassware spoon fork knife glass tumbler/glass cup mug teapot milk jug bowl plate saucer soup bowl dinner plate side plate prostt stl ubrus prostrn pbor porcelnov ndob sklo lce vidlika n sklenika sklenice lek hrnek ajov konvice konvka na mlko msa tal podlek hlubok tal mlk tal dezertn tal sugar bowl tray napkin ashtray ice bucket coaster beer mat straw to uncork to pour to wipe up corkscrew bottle opener condiments salt pepper olive oil vinegar soya sauce dressing to clear the table cukenka podnos ubrousek popelnk ndoba s ledem tcek (pod sklenici) pivn tcek slmka odztkovat nalt utt vvrtka otvrk dochucovadla sl pep olivov olej ocet sojov omka zlivka, dresink sklidit ze stolu
70
17. HOME
PLACES TO LIVE
bungalow terraced house detached house semi-detached house block of flats cottage pzemn domek adov dm samostatn dm dvoj domek inovn dm chalupa, chata : mansion ; manor ; flat/apartment studio (apartmen)/bedsit surroundings convenient velk dm, panstv velkostatek, usedlost byt garsonka okol (ikovn) blzko
HOUSE
roof chimney tile dormer window skylight wall window shutter sash window window sill attic loft floor basement cellar storeroom utility room stecha komn sten taka podkrovn okno sten okno, vik ze okno okenice stahovac okno okenn msa podkrov pda podla sutern sklep komora prdelna, pracovn mstnost pantry/larder lightning conductor gutter balcony/terrace banister patio porch conservatory garage drive back garden gazebo swimming pool shed path courtyard gate sp hromosvod okap balkn/terasa zbradl terasa kryt vchod, veranda zimn zahrada gar pjezdov cesta zahrdka za domem zahradn altn bazn klna, devnk cesta dvr branka, vrata
ROOM
floor ceiling central heating spacious/roomy sunny cramped draughty cold cosy (un)comfortable furniture and fittings podlaha strop stedn topen prostorn slunn stsnn vystaven prvanu chladn tuln (ne)pohodln nbytek a zazen fixtures fitted furniture to be fitted with sth luxurious homely antique contemporary/modern The room needs painting. to paint/decorate to wallpaper/decorate psluenstv vestavn nbytek bt vybaven, opaten m luxusn domck, prost staroitn souasn Pokoj potebuje vymalovat. vymalovat vytapetovat
to decorate the room with sth vyzdobit mstnost m
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17. HOME
ROOMS A N D FURNITURE: describe t h e house in t h e picture.
NOTES
72
17. HOME
ENTRANCE
hall/hallway/entrance hall doorbell peephole doormat door knocker door chain door handle peds, hala domovn zvonek kuktko rohoka klepadlo u dve bezpenostn etz klika door knob coat rack shoe rack corridor staircase stair/step banister oton knoflk u dve vk botnk chodba schodit schod zbradl
LIVING ROOM
sofa sofa bed cushion coffee table armchair bookcase shelf carpet rug painting vase candlestick fireplace pohovka rozkldac pohovka polt, poduka konferenn stolek keslo knihovna police koberec men koberec, pedloka obraz vza svcen krb mantelpiece chandelier lamp wall light spotlights French windows curtain net curtain Venetian blind roller blind decorations study home entertainment krbov msa lustr lampa nstnn lampa bodov svtla francouzsk okna zvs zclona aluzie roleta dekorativn pedmty studovna domc zbava ( T V apod.)
BEDROOM
single bed double bed headboard mattress bed linen sheet pillow pillowcase duvet/eiderdown duvet cover quilt jednolko dvojlko elo postele matrace lon prdlo prostradlo polt povlak na polt peina, ccha povlak na peinu pikrvka, pehoz blanket bedspread bedside table bedside lamp alarm clock clock radio dressing table (built-in) wardrobe chest of drawers drawer deka pehoz pes postel non stolek stoln lampika budk radiobudk toaletn stolek (vestavn) atn sk komoda zsuvka
KITCHEN
kitchen unit worktop cabinet drawer shelf cooker/stove (electric/gas) oven kuchysk linka pracovn deska skka zsuvka police spork (elektrick/plynov) trouba hotplate gas burner (ceramic) hob sorting unit I extractor (fan) : sink : tap plotnka plynov hok (keramick) varn deska ko na tdn odpad digesto dez kohoutek
73
17. H O M E
dishwasher draining board cupboard kitchenware
myka ndob odkapva kuchysk sk, kredenc kuchysk poteby, nstroje
sideboard dishcloth kitchen towel washing-up liquid
pbornk hadr na ndob utrka myc prostedek na
BATHROOM
bath/bathtub/tub drain shower cold/hot tap washbasin plug mirror bath mat towel rail hand towel bath towel facecloth bathroom scales laundry basket toilet toilet seat bidet toilet paper toilet brush vana odtok sprcha kohoutek se studenou/ teplou vodou umyvadlo ztka, punt zrcadlo koupelnov roho drk na runky runk osuka nka vha ko na prdlo zchod zchodov sedtko bidet toaletn papr zchodov ttka
TOILETRIES
(liquid) soap shower gel shampoo conditioner comb bubble bath brush sponge pumice tweezers toothbrush toothpaste dental floss mouthwash shaving foam aftershave electric razor disposable razor razor blade
TOALETN POTEBY
(tekut) mdlo sprchov gel ampn kondicionr heben pna do koupele kart houba pemza pinzeta zubn kartek zubn pasta zubn nit stn voda pna na holen voda po holen holic strojek jednorzov iletka iletka
17. HOME
BUYING A HOUSE/A FLAT

real estate agency mortgage bank to take out a (20 year) mortgage to put down a deposit on (a house) realitn kancel hypoten banka vzt si hypotku (na 20 let) sloit zlohu na (dm) : mortgage rates : owner/householder : contract of purchase j to move into a flat I to move out of a flat : to have a flat of one sown : to settle in : to renovate : maintenance hypoten sazby vlastnk domu, majitel kupn smlouva nasthovat se do bytu vysthovat se z bytu mt svj vlastn byt zabydlet se zrenovovat drba
to pay off/repay the mortgage splatit hypotku mortgage payment/instalment spltka hypotky to pay for sth by (monthly) instalments splcet co (msn)
RENT
to rent a flat to pay rent to rent out/let a flat lodging lodger/tenant landlord landlady pronajmout si pokoj platit njem pronajmat pokoj podnjem podnjemnk pan domc pan domc to raise/lower the rent deposit to dismiss a lodger to share a flat with sb : to take in lodgers poskytovat nocleh, ubytovat njemnky zvit/snit njem zloha vypovdt podnjemnkovi smlouvu sdlet byt s nkm
BREAKDOWNS
breakdown The dishwasher has broken down. The tap is dripping. The sink is blocked. The gas is leaking. The roof is leaking. The toilet won t flush. The fridge is out of order. The remote control isn't working. porucha Myka na ndob se porouchala. Kape kohoutek Dez je ucpan. Unik plyn. Stechou zatk. Zchod nesplachuje. Lednika nefunguje. Dlkov ovlada nefunguje.
:
The handle has come off. The lights have fused. to replace a blown fuse to flood out j ; ;
Upadla klika. Vypadly pojistky. vymnit pojistku vytopit (vodou) koda zpsoben na nm majetku zaplatit komu nhradu kody pojitn domcnosti instalatr seizova, montr nechat si nco opravit
damage caused to ; sb's property I to pay sb compensation \ 1 household insurance : plumber fitter to have sth repaired
The T V picture won't come on. Nejde obraz v televizi. The drawer is jammed. Zsuvka nejde otevt.
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17. HOME
LIVING: compare a n d contrast these pictures a n d say which style you prefer, if either.
NOTES
76
18. HOUSEHOLD
HOUSEHOLD
to look after/run the household starat se o/vst domcnost family budget to budget to economize on sth costs rodinn rozpoet plnovat vdaje, hospodait sporn hospodait s m, etit na em nklady to come to about (an amount) pijt asi na (kolik) to keep house for sb cleaning service cleaning lady/woman domestic help to do for sb starat se komu o domcnost klidov sluba pan na klid, pomocnice v domcnosti pomoc v domcnosti uklzet komu, pracovat pro koho
expenditures/spendings on sth vdaje za co to pay bills for sth utilities rent electricity water rate platit sloenky za co inkaso njem elektrika vodn
household chores/housework domc prce spick and span (inf) pigsty jako ze katulky" chlvek
MESS AND CLEANING

to do the cleaning/tidy up/ clean up to take turns to do the room regular/thorough cleaning tidy/neat mess rubbish cleanliness The room is a bit of a mess. uklidit stdat se uklidit pokoj pravideln/generln klid uklizen nepodek smet, odpadky istota V pokoji je trochu nepodek. to sweep/wipe the floor to wash/scrub the floor to hoover/vacuum the carpet hoover (BrE)/vacuum cleaner (AmE) to clear off the table a pile of washing-up/ the dishes to do the dishes/do the washing-up to wash the dishes/wash up dirty soiled filthy clean dishcloth tea towel to dry (up) the dishes a pile of dirty laundry to do the laundry to rinse to rinse sth out to rinse one s hands It collects dust. to spill sth spilt to rub to come off Pr se na to. rozlt co rozlit drhnout pustit (o pn, skvrn apod.) zamst/vytt podlahu umt/drhnout podlahu vyst koberec vysava sklidit ze stolu hromada pinavho ndob umt ndob umt ndob pinav upinn hrozn pinav ist hadr na ndob utrka utt ndob kupa pinavho prdla vyprat prdlo proplchnout, omt, mchat vymchat, proplchnout co oplchnout si ruce
The room is a complete mess. V pokoji je hrozn nepodek. to make a mess to clean up/clear the mess to leave the house in an awful mess to leave sth lying about to clear the rubbish dustpan brush broom to dust dust duster bucket a thick layer of dust a speck of dust to be covered in dust udlat nepodek uklidit nepodek opustit dm v hroznm nepodku nechat nkde povalovat co vynst odpadky lopatka na smet smetek kot utrat prach prach prachovka kbelk siln vrstva prachu smtko prachu bt zapren
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18. HOUSEHOLD
washing powder to hang the laundry out to dry to do the ironing iron ironing board to make one's bed to change the bed dirty sheets to polish sth
prac prek povsit prdlo ven, aby uschlo ehlit ehlika ehlc prkno ustlat si postel pevlci postel pinav povleen letit co
cloth to disinfect to kill germs to clean the windows to air the room to clear the snow to mow the lawn to weed weed to get overgrown with weed
utrka, hadk dezinfikovat zlikvidovat bakterie umt okna vyvtrat mstnost odklzet snh sekat trvnk plt plevel zarst plevelem
HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES
household appliances to save time and energy to go without sth fridge freezer dishwasher (gas/electric) cooker/stove hotplate pressure cooker (microwave) oven domc spotebie etit as a energii obejt se bez eho chladnika mraznika myka na ndob (plynov/elektrick) spork, vai plotnka tlakov hrnec (mikrovlnn) trouba liquidizer/blender juicer/squeezer cutter toaster cooker hood/extractor (fan) mixr odavova, lis krje topinkova digesto
to remove the smell of cooking odstranit zpach z vaen washing machine tumble dryer (steam) iron under guarantee praka suika prdla (napaovac) ehlika v zruce
78
18. HOUSEHOLD
THE CLEANING LADY: describe Mrs Cleanliness s day.
NOTES
79

SCHOOLS
(compulsory) schooling to go to school/ attend school (fml) state/private school pre-school education nursery school/kindergarten primary school (GB) elementary school (US) secondary school (GB) comprehensive school (GB) grammar school (GB) public school (GB) junior high school (US) high school (US) higher education (povinn) koln dochzka, vzdln chodit do koly sttn/soukrom kola pedkoln vchova kolka - od 3 do 5 let zkladn kola - od 5 do 11 let zkladn kola - od 5 do 11 let stedn kola - od 11 do 16/18 let typ sttn stedn koly od 11 let typ stedn koly, gymnzium od 11 let soukrom kola - od 13 do 18 let, rodie plat vzdlvn stedn kola - od 12 do 14/15 let stedn kola/akademie - o d 14/15 do 18 let vy vzdln { university i department i college (GB) college (US) law/ medical/business school vy odborn kola, fakulta; kolej (soust univerzity) univerzita prvn/lkask/ekonomick vysok kola univerzita, vysok kola katedra
the Faculty of Law/Education. . prvnick/pedagogick... fakulta boarding school to leave school headmaster/headteacher headmistress/headteacher deputy head caretaker staff room staff meeting tuition extra tuition tuition fee/school fee school holidays the school/academic year interntn kola dokonit, absolvovat kolu editel koly editelka koly zstupce editele kolnk sborovna pedagogick porada vyuovn, vuka, kolen douovn koln przdniny koln rok
SUBJECTS
compulsory subjects optional subjects/electives syllabus/curriculum timetable to be on this year's syllabus the arts/the humanities the sciences literature languages history music art povinn pedmty voliteln pedmty uebn osnova rozvrh hodin bt v letonch osnovch humanitn obory prodn vdy literatura jazyky djepis hudebn vchova vtvarn vchova
:
philosophy sociology
filozofie sociologie prvn nauka matematika fyzika chemie biologie zempis informan technologie tlesn vchova nboenstv mimokoln aktivity
: law ; maths physics chemistry : biology : geography I information technology : physical education : religious education j extracurricular activities
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CLASSROOM
teacher pupil classmate schoolchildren desk aisle teacher's desk blackboard chalk sponge teaching aids interactive board overhead projector flip chart uitel k spoluk kolci lavice ulika katedra tabule kda myc houba didaktick pomcky interaktivn tabule zptn projektor tabule s paprovmi archy equipment textbook/coursebook workbook exercise book school bag pen pencil colour pencil pencil sharpener pencil case eraser/rubber ruler language/science lab uebnice pracovn seit seit koln taka pero tuka pastelka oezvtko na tuky penl guma pravtko j azykov/prodovdn laborato zazen
81
LESSON
history/maths etc. teacher to teach uitel djepisu/matematiky apod. vyuovat a stack of papers to correct to examine to correct to mark to fall behind/lag behind the class home preparation to assign/hand in an essay domc pprava zadat/odevzdat slohovou prci hromada psemek na opravovn zkouet opravovat znmkovat zaostvat za ostatnmi ve t d
to substitute for/stand in for sb suplovat za koho fair/patient/exacting teacher strict/lenient teacher to be popular with students to study to learn to do well/badly at school to pay attention to make/take notes to revise subject matter class/lesson revision to talk in class to be late for class to miss (French) class to give classwork/homework to get/do one's homework spravedliv/ trpliv/ nron uitel psn/shovvav uitel bt oblben u k uit se, studovat nauit se uit se dobe/patn ve kole dvat pozor zapisovat si zopakovat si uivo, ltka vyuovac hodina, vyuovn opakovn bavit se bhem vyuovn pijt pozd na hodinu zmekat hodinu (francouztiny) zadat prci ve td/domc kol dostat/udlat domc kol
to play truant/skip classes (inf) chodit za kolu truant unprepared teacher's pet (inf) swot (inf) talented/ambitious/ hard-working student lazy/inattentive/slow/ mediocre student discipline undisciplined cheeky to scold/praise sb for sth to get told off to be kept in ulejvk, flink, zkolk nepipraven uitelv oblbenec prt talentovan/ ctidostiv/ piln student ln/ nepozorn/pomal/ prmrn student kze neukznn drz pokrat/pochvlit koho za co dostat vyhubovno bt po kole
82
EXAMS AND PERFORMANCE

oral/written exam in sth entrance/final exam school-leaving exam school report GCSE (General Certificate of Secondary Education) A-level (Advanced level) to take/do/sit an exam to pass an exam to fail/resit an exam to examine sb in sth to memorize/learn by heart to cram/swot (inf) (for a test etc) to cheat to copy cheat sheet/crib stn/psemn zkouka z eho pijmac/zvren zkouka maturita vysvden zvren zkouka v 15/16 letech (v Anglii a Walesu) zvren zkouka v 18 letech (v Anglii a Walesu) dlat zkouku sloit, udlat zkouku neudlat/opakovat zkouku vyzkouet koho z eho uit se nazpam prtat se (na test apod.) podvdt opisovat tahk : to get an A in sth ; to get straight As : good/high mark : low mark dostat jedniku z eho dostat sam jedniky dobr znmka patn znmka
: to get good marks for (history) dostvat dobr znmky : z (djepisu) ; achievement in sth i to make (good/slow) progress : (un)satisfactory/ : average results to be good/bad at sth to have a talent for sth to excel at/in sth brilliant academie type self-taught person to go on to further education prospch, pokrok v em dlat (velk/mal) pokroky (ne)uspokojiv/prmrn prospch bt dobr/patn v em mt talent na co vynikat v em velmi nadanv studijn typ samouk pokraovat ve studich
UNIVERSITY STUDY
to enrol on/for sth enrolment student enrolments to apply to a university applicant admission hlsit se/zapsat se na co pihlen, zpis poet pihlench student hlsit se na univerzitu uchaze pijet professor tutor profesor studijn vedouc
to lecture/give a lecture on sth pednet o em academic year term/semester form undergraduate graduate exam period credit dissertation/thesis university degree bachelor akademick rok semestr ronk vysokokolk (student) vysokokolk (absolvent) zkoukov obdob zpoet diplomov prce akademick hodnost bakal magistr doktor promovat z eho promoce zanechat studi vylouit ze koly bt vylouen
to be accepted/admitted to sth bt pijat na co to refuse admission nepijmout
to go to university/uni (spoken) chodit na univerzitu/ vejku" to study/read (history) at university to get/have a degree in (history) to take/do a course in sth studovat (djepis) na univerzit mt vystudovan (djepis) zapsat si, chodit na pednku z eho
master doctor to graduate/take one's degree from sth degree ceremony i to drop out : to expel from school i to be suspended/be expelled
to put oneself down for a course zapsat se na pednku, kurz to win a scholarship to live in hall vice-chancellor dean lecturer zskat stipendium bydlet na kolejch rektor dkan pednejc na vysok kole
83
STUDYING FOR A N E X A M : discuss how these t w o students are studying for their exams, a n d w h a t their results are.
NOTES
84
20. THE HUMAN BODY

PARTS OF THE HUMAN BODY
hair head face forehead temple ear eye eyelid eyelash eyebrow nose cheek chin mouth lip tongue tooth neck mole freckle nape shoulder armpit chest breast nipple arm elbow forearm wrist hand palm thumb index finger middle finger ring finger little finger nail back abdomen/stomach/belly navel waist kip buttock vlasy hlava obliej elo spnek ucho oko on vko asa obo nos tv brada sta ret jazyk zub krk matesk znamnko piha tl/je rameno podpad hru adro prsn bradavka pae loket pedlokt zpst ruka dla palec ukazovk prostednek prstenek malek nehet zda bicho pupek pas bok hd : : : : genitals : vagina : penis \ testicle I groin limb : leg i thigh : knee ! calf : shin : foot pohlavn orgny vagna penis varle tslo konetina noha stehno koleno ltko hole chodidlo prst u nohy palec u nohy kotnk chodidlo, ploska nrt pata ke sval kloub lacha kostra kost lebka elist kln kost ebro hrudn ko hrudn kost lopatka pte pnev kostr
i toe big toe ankle sole instep heel skin muscle joint tendon skeleton bone skull jaw collar bone rib rib cage breastbone : shoulder blade spine j pelvis ; tailbone i
INTERNAL ORGANS
brain pharynx larynx vocal cords throat thyroid gland tonsil lung
VNITNORGNY
mozek hltan hrtan hlasivky hrdlo/jcen ttn lza mandle plce
j
j
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20.THE HUMAN BODY
windpipe heart liver kidney stomach spleen pancreas gall bladder small intestine large intestine appendix bladder rectum ovary uterus prostate
prdunice srdce jtra ledvina aludek slezina slinivka bin lunk tenk stevo tlust stevo slep stevo moov mch konenk vajenk dloha prostata
BODILY FLUIDS AND EXCRETIONS TLNTEKUTINY A VMKY

vein artery blood sweat tear saliva bile urine stool la tepna krev pot slza sliny lu mo stolice
BODY SYSTEMS
respiratory digestive nervous cardiovascular lymphatic endocrine urinary reproductive
TLN SOUSTAVY
dchac trvic
VUV
obhov lymfatick endokrinn vyluovac rozmnoovac
BODILY FUNCTIONS AND MOVEMENTS

HEAD AND EYES
to turn one s head to shake one's head to nod one's head otoit se vrtt hlavou pokvat hlavou to clench one's teeth zatnout zuby
LAUGHTER
to smile tolaughatsb/sth to roar with laughter to giggle to snigger usmvat se smt se komu/emu vlet se smchy hihat se, chechtat se chichotat se (posmn) smt se pod vousy
to raise/lift one s head/look up vzhldnout to blink one's eye to rub one's eyes mrknout okem mnout si oi
NOSE AND BREATH

to breathe to hold one s breath to gasp for breath to sniff to snore to sigh to choke/suffocate to blow one's nose to wipe one s nose to pick one's nose to punch sb on the nose dchat zadret, zatajit dech lapat po dechu popotahovat nosem chrpat povzdechnout si, vzdychat dusit se vysmrkat se utt si nos dloubat se v nose dt komu do nosu
to chuckle
ARMS AND HANDS

to rub one s hands to hold sth in one s hand to hold hands to shake hands to take sb by the hand to take sb in one's arms to cross/fold one's arms to clench one's fists to snap one's fingers to shrug one's shoulders mnout si ruce dret co v ruce dret se za ruce potst si rukou vzt koho za ruku vzt koho do nrue zaloit ruce zatnout psti lusknout prsty pokrit rameny obejmout koho dotkat se krbat hladit hladit, laskat lechtat
MOUTH
to stick out one's tongue to lick one's lips to burp/belch to swallow Your teeth are chattering. vyplznout jazyk olizovat se hnout, krkat polykat Drkot zuby.
to hug/embrace (fml) sb to touch to scratch to stroke to fondle to tickle
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20.THE HUMAN BODY
H U M A N ANATOMY: n a m e t h e parts of t h e h u m a n body.
NOTES
87
20.THE HUMAN BODY
to slap/smack sb to p i n c h sb t o h i t / p u n c h sb to bang t o b a n g one's fist o n sth t o p u l l sth t o p u s h sth t o press sth t o squeeze sth t o b e n d sth t o tear sth t o p i c k up/lift sth t o upset/overturn/tip over/ knock over t o d r o p sth
plcnout koho tpat koho uhodit koho buit bouchnout pst do eho thnout co tlait co zmknout na co makat co ohbat co trhat co zvednout co pevrhnout upustit co
to t h r o w t o t h r o w sth a w a y t o f l i n g sth FEET AND WALKING to stand o n tiptoe/on one s toes t o s t a m p one's feet t o shuffle one's feet t o shuffle/shamble t o creep/crawl to hobble to l i m p to r u n t o dash to trot
hzet odhodit co mrtit m
stt na pikch dupat nohama pelapovat z nohy na nohu ourat se plazit se belhat se kulhat bet uhnt klusat, pobhat
BETTY IS A BEAUTY: n a m e t h e parts of Betty's head and face.
NOTES
88
20.THE HUMAN BODY
BODILY FUNCTIONS A N D GESTURES: guess which expressions and/or gestures t h e pictures below illustrate?
NOTES
89
2 1 . PHYSICAL APPEARANCE
ATTRACTIVENESS
pretty/beautiful woman handsome man good-looking attractive krsn ena krsn mu pohledn/ pitaliv/ gorgeous/stunning cute plain/homely unattractive ndhern/ rozkon/ nehezk/, okliv/ nepitaliv/
BUILD
slim/slender slight build thin/skinny/bony muscular/athletic build medium/average build well-built plump stocky build sturdy fat overweight obese gross (inf) fatty/fatso (inf) to have a good figure huben, thl drobn, thl postava huben, vyzbl svalnat, atletick postava stedn postava urostl plnothl, kypr zavalit, podsadit postava statn, siln tlust s nadvhou obzn odpudiv tlust tlusoch mt hezkou postavu to watch one's figure to keep/lose one s figure pear-shaped build broad shoulders hairy chest large/small breasts flat-chested/small breasted shapely body/legs ... knock knees bow legs narrow/wide hips firm thighs/buttocks... flat belly beer belly sagging hldat si postavu udrovat si/ztratit postavu postava ve tvaru hruky irok ramena zarostl hru velk/malprsa s malmi adry vytvarovan tlo/nohy... nohy do tvaru X nohy do tvaru 0 zk/irok boky pevn stehna/hd... ploch bicho pivn pupek propadl, povisl
HAIR
fair blonde brunette dark brown auburn ginger dark black grey short long shoulder-length straight wavy curly frizzy thick thin shiny svtl blond, blondnka bruneta tmavohnd katanov zrzav tmav ern ed krtk dlouh po ramena rovn vlnit kadeav kudrnat hust dk leskl lank greasy splihl mastn
to be losing one's hair/going bald pleatt bald receding hair loose plaited ponytail bunches chignon bun French pleat dreadlocks crew cut shaved head bob parting fringe crop ple kouty rozputn zapleten ohon culky cop drdol francouzsk drdol dredy sestih na jeka oholen hlava mikdo pinka ofina krtk sestih
90
perm tinted/dyed hair highlights rinse to get one s hair cut/done
trval ondulace barven vlasy svtl pramnky, melr peliv nechat se osthat
I strand of hair : lock of hair : dandruff : split ends :

w i
pramnek vlas pramen vlas, ktice lupy roztepen koneky paruka
FACE
round square oval pretty pale wrinkled freckle dimple wart birthmark acne pockmarked spotted high/low/wrinkled forehead bright/hollow/dull/ slanted eyes thick/thin/straight eyebrows kulat hranat ovln hezk bled vrsit piha dolek bradavice matesk znamnko akn podoban flekat vysok/nzk/vrsit elo jasn/propadl/mdl/ ikm oi hust/dk/rovn obo arched eyebrows big/straight/bulbous nose hooked/Roman nose snub nose hollow/chubby cheeks high cheekbones klenut obo velk/rovn/baat nos orl nos tup nos, prk" propadl/buclat tve vystoupl lcn kosti
full/thin/sensual/cracked lips pln/zk/smysln/ popraskan rty even/crooked/false teeth buck teeth to wear a brace pointed/double chin moustache j beard j goatee : sideburns : clean-shaved rovn/kiv/falen zuby pedkus nosit rovntka piat/dvojit brada knr vousy bradka kotlety hladce oholen
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21. PHYSICAL APPEARANCE
PHYSICAL APPEARANCE: describe t h e appearances of t h e people below.
NOTES
92

FEELING HAPPY
to feel fine/good to feel great happy/satisfied/content happy/glad/pleased to lift/raise sb's spirits to please sb/make sb happy ctit se dobe ctit se skvle spokojen rd, poten zvednout nladu potit koho amused at/by sth enthusiastic about sth ecstatic about sth happy/cheerful to cheer sb up to make sb's day (inf) pobaven m naden z eho vytren z eho vesel, rd, astn rozveselit koho potit koho
FEELING UNHAPPY
to feel bad/miserable sad unhappy lonely surly/bad-tempered depressed/down/low to get depressed about sth to feel blue hopeless desperate frustrated with/at sth/sb sleepy tired exhausted worn out/tired out bored with sth/sb nervous about sth ctit se patn/mizern smutn neastn neastn; osaml nevrl, zl, ve patn nlad deprimovan propadnout depresi kvli emu ctit se pod psa bezmocn zoufal frustrovan, bezmocn, otrven m/km ospal unaven vyerpan ztrhan, utahan, znien znudn z eho/koho nervzn z eho to be afraid/frightened/ scared of sth/sb frightened/scared to death shocked at/by sth horrified at/by sth upset about/at/by sth hurt to be in a huff guilty at/about sth to be disappointed in sth/sb mt strach z eho/koho k smrti vystraen, vyden okovan/zaskoen m zden m ublen, natvan kvli emu ukivdn bt rozmrzel, uraen vinen kvli emu zklamat se v em/kom
disappointed about/at/with sth zklaman kvli emu unconcerned about sth/ indifferent to sth apathetic about sth confused/puzzled/perplexed lhostejn k emu apatick vi emu zmaten, v rozpacch
to feel embarrased about/at sth ctit se trapn, v rozpacch kvli emu to feel uncomfortable/awkward ctit se nepjemn, trapn to feel self-conscious about sth ctit se trapn, nesvj kvli emu to feel uneasy about sth to feel as if/as though... ctit se cel nesvj, v rozpacch kvli emu ctit se jako kdyby...
worried/anxious about sth/sb znepokojen pln obav a strachu o co/koho to worry about sth/sb to be terrified o/sth dlat si starosti o co/koho mt hrzu z eho
FEELING ANGRY
annoyed at/with sb for sth annoyed about/by sth upset with sb irritated about/at/with/by sth/sb angry with/at sb angry about/over sth angry with/at oneself furious at/about sth mrzut, natvan na koho kvli emu rozmrzel kvli emu rozzloben na koho podrdn, rozlen kvli emu/komu natvan, rozzloben na koho natvan, rozzloben kvli emu natvan, rozzloben na sebe hrozn natvan kvli emu to lose one's temper to hit the roof (inf)/ blow one's top (inf) to go mad/go berserk (inf) furious with sb/oneselffor sth hrozn natvan na koho/na sebe kvli emu enraged at/by sth/sb vzteky bez sebe kvli emu/ komu rozlit se rozlit se, vybuchnout, vylett z ke zblznit se, zjanit se
to make sb angry/make sb mad rozilovat koho to annoy/irritate sb to get on sb's nerves to infuriate sb 93 tvt koho, rozilovat koho lzt nkomu na nervy dohnt koho k zuivosti
TO F E E L . . . u r g e for sth a d m i r a t i o n for sb interest in sth/sb c o n c e r n foriabout sth c o n c e r n over/with sth curiosity about sth indifference to/towards sth excitement at/over sth disgust at sth disgust w/tfj sth contempt for sth/sb h a t r e d of/for/towards sb spite towards sb
POCIOVAT... nutkn k emu obdiv ke k o m u zjem o co/koho starost, zjem o co obavy, strach z eho zvdavost k emu lhostejnost k emu vzruen nad m rozhoen nad m odpor k emu pohrdn nad m/km nenvist ke k o m u zloba, z, nenvist ke k o m u
bitterness love^br sb love of/for sth jealousy o/sb e n v y of sth tiredness fatigue/exhaustion loneliness g r i e f over/at sth sympathy/pity/or sb compassion/or sb t o feel s o r r y for sb
hokost lsku ke k o m u zlibu v em rlivost na k o h o zvist eho navu vyerpn samotu al, smutek nad m soucit s k m , porozumn pro koho, ltost ke k o m u soucit, slitovn s k m ctit ltost ke k o m u , litovat koho
SENSITIVE MASKS: w h a t feelings, emotions or moods do each of these masks express?
EMOTIONS
to control one s emotions to give in to sth to suppress to overcome to express/hide one's emotions to display/show one's emotions
hldat sv emoce podlehnout emu podait pekonat vyjdit/skrvat sv emoce dt najevo sv emoce
to arouse (strong) emotions
vzbuzovat (siln) emoce zat (podobn) pocit smen pocity citov zaloen; dojemn bezcitn, prost citu
to experience (a similar)
emotion conflicting/mixed emotions emotional emotionless
MOODS
to be in a good/bad/ foul, etc mood to be in an optimistic mood to put sb in a good/ bad, etc mood to get into the mood to be/feel in the mood for sth
mt dobrou/patnou/ pernou atd. nladu bt optimisticky naladn naladit koho dobe/patn apod. dostat se do nlady, naladit se mt nladu/chu dlat co
to lighten sb's mood to be in no mood for sth to get up on the wrong side of bed to affect sb s mood mood swings moody
povznst nladu nemt nladu na co vstt z postele levou n o v o u ovlivnit nladu v k y v y nlad nladov
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SAM S FEELINGS: Sam is very emotional. How is he feeling in each of these pictures?
NOTES
95
H O W W O U L D Y O U FEEL IF . . . ? How w o u l d you feel if you f o u n d yourself in each of these situations?
NOTES
96
23. HUMAN QUALITIES

inteUigent/bright/quick-witted inteligentn, chytr not very intelligent/bright... slow stupid dense (inf)/thick (inf) self-confident/self-assured shy/timid/self-conscious lively/energetic/animated/ vivacious spontaneous reserved/withdrawn/ introverted (un)friendly (un)sociable talkative/chatty quiet/taciturn/ uncommunicative witty/amusing boring/dull open/straight sincere/frank/truthful (dis)honest hypocritical/two-faced warm-hearted/kind-hearted nice kind considerate/thoughtful inconsiderate/thoughtless unkind/nasty/cruel spiteful/vicious/malicious mean conscientious/careful careless credulous/gullible/naive suspicious generous mean/stingy greedy/grasping sensible/reasonable practical/realistic/ down-to-earth headstrong/pig-headed/ stubborn/obstinate mn inteligentn... tkopdn, pomalu chpajc hloup, nerozumn natvrdl, zabednn sebevdom plach, stydliv, nesml iv, vesel, temperamentn spontnn uzaven (ne)ptelsk (ne)spoleensk upovdan mlomluvn vtipn, zbavn nudn oteven, pm, estn upmn, pravdomluvn (ne)estn pokryteck dobrosrden, laskav sympatick, mil, hodn laskav, mil ohledupln, pozorn bezohledn bezcitn, okliv zlomysln, kodolib zl, podl svdomit, peliv nezodpovdn, lehkomysln dviv, naivn podezvav velkorys, lechetn lakom, skoup, lakotn chamtiv, nenasytn, hrabiv rozumn, racionln, soudn praktick, realistick tvrdohlav, umnn rash/hasty/impulsive forgetful/ absent-minded relaxed/laid-back (inf)/ easy-going (inf) unpredictable calculating indecisive eccentric crazy/mad/barmy (inf) ambitious rude/impolite disrespectful/cheeky selfish/self-centred/ egocentric envious jealous curious/inquisitive quick-tempered/ bad-tempered touchy/easily offended strange/freaky/weird (inf) a freak (inf)/a weirdo (inf) enigmatic/mysterious modest/unpretentious/ humble boastful/immodest big-headed/conceited/ stuck-up arrogant/pretentious snobbish/snobby/snooty to underestimate oneself/ put oneself down brave/courageous a coward domineering strict lenient/soft/tolerant/ permissive hard-working/diligent lazy/idle perfectionist clumsy/all thumbs skromn, pokorn vychlouban namylen arogantn, domliv snobsk podceovat se staten, odvn zbablec dominantn psn shovvav, mrn piln ln perfekcionista nemotorn, neohraban, lev zbrkl, ukvapen, nerozvn zapomntliv, roztrit pohodov, tolerantn tko pedvdateln vypotav nerozhodn, vhav vstedn len, potrhl ctidostiv hrub, nezdvoil nezdvoil, drz sobeck zvistiv rliv zvdav vzntliv, vbun urliv divn, podivnsk podivn zhadn
97
23. HUMAN QUALITIES
W H A T ARE THEY LIKE? Which h u m a n qualities do each of these people represent?
NOTES
98
24. HEALTH AND ILLNESS

HEALTH AND HEALTH PROBLE:MS
the state of health good/excellent health zdravotn stav dobr/vborn zdravotn stav poor/ill health failing health health care health risk/hazard to damage one's health to improve one's health patn zdravotn stav zhorujc se zdrav zdravotn pe zdravotn riziko niit si zdrav zlepit si zdrav to become ill/fall ill/get ill i minor ailments to treat : a cure for a disease i to cure to feel much better to get well to get worse to recover from sth onemocnt drobn pote, onemocnn lit lk na nemoc vylit ctit se mnohem lpe uzdravit se zhorit se uzdravit se z eho zbavit se eho
to be disposed/immune to sth bt nchyln/imunn k emu ; to get rid of sth
PAINS
to complain of (nagging/shooting...) pain severe pain unbearable pain My (back/shoulder...) hurts/aches. to hurt like hell (inf) stovat si na (otravnou/ vystelujc...) bolest hrozn, prudk bolest nesnesiteln bolest Bol m (zda/rameno ...). bolet jako ert to ease/relieve pain : to kill pain painful painless to persist to be gone zmrnit bolest zbavit od bolesti bolestiv bezbolestn petrvvat pominout, ustat
ILLNESS AND DISEASE

illness disease to suffer from an illness/ a disease to contract a disease (fml) symptoms of an illness/ a disease nemoc, onemocnn (v irm kontextu) nemoc, choroba (vnj, konkrtn s uritmi projevy) trpt nemoc pivodit si nemoc pznaky nemoci
RESPIRATORY TROUBLE AND DISEASES

sore throat cold/chill flu to catch/get a cold to catch/get the to be in bed with to be hoarse to cough cough to sneeze runny nose : headache : swollen tonsils 1 tonsillitis 1 to sweat 1 to take one s temperature j fever : to have a temperature : to rise : to drop flu flu
RESPIRAN POTE A CHOROBY

bolest v krku nachlazen chipka nachladit se dostat chipku leet s chipkou chraptt kalat kael kchat rma bolest hlavy natekl mandle znt mandl, angna potit se zmit si teplotu horeka mt zvenou teplotu stoupnout klesnout
serious/chronic illness/disease vn/ chronick nemoc stomach/liver, etc. disorder aluden/jatern atd. onemocnn kidney) failure lung/breast, etc. cancer malignant/benign tumour acute illness fatal/deadly illness/disease f insurable illness/disease childhood disease infectious/contagious disease beart/venereal/skin... disease selhn (ledvin) rakovina plic/prsu apod. zhoubn/nezhoubn ndor nhl onemocnn smrteln nemoc (ne)vyliteln nemoc dtsk nemoc infekn choroba srden/pohlavn/kon... choroba mental disease psychosomatic illness duevn choroba psychosomatick nemoc 99
thermometer to show bronchitis pneumonia asthma
teplomr namit znt prduek zpal plic astma
epilepsy epileptic fit multiple sclerosis
epilepsie epileptick zchvat roztrouen sklerza
ALLERGY AND SKIN DISEASES

allergic to sth hay fever allergic rash allergic reaction to sth allergen anaphylactic shock cold sore rash eczema psoriasis
ALERGIE A KON CHOROBY

alergick na co senn rma alergick vyrka alergick reakce na co alergen anafylaktick ok opar vyrka ekzm lupnka
DIGESTIVE DISORDERS
loss of appetite nausea indigestion food poisoning diarrhoea constipation haemorrhoids cramps (stomach) ulcer to feel sick to be sick/vomit to throw sth up to swallow sth to choke on sth dysentery cholera
PORUCHY ZAVN
nechutenstv nevolnost zkaen aludek otrava jdlem prjem zcpa hemoroidy kee (aluden) ved ctit se na zvracen zvracet vyzvracet co spolknout co dvit se m plavice cholera
ARTICULAR DISEASES
rheumatism arthritis gout artificial joint
KLOUBN NEMOCI
revmatismus artritida dna uml kloub
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(virus) infection
INFEKN CHOROBY
(virov) infekce
CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
anaemia hypertension/ high blood pressure heart attack varicose veins vein thrombosis stroke
KARDIOVASKULRN CHOROBY
chudokrevnost vysok krevn tlak srden infarkt keov ly iln trombza mrtvice
contagious/infectious/catching nakaliv, infekn spread of a disease epidemic typhoid malaria jaundice hepatitis salmonelosis tuberculosis rabies measles mumps scarlet fever German measles chicken pox polio whooping cough diphtheria vaccination/inoculation to be vaccinated/ inoculated aeainst sth e n choroby epidemie tyfus malrie loutenka hepatitida salmonelza tuberkulza vzteklina spalniky punice spla zardnky netovice dtsk obrna ern kael zkrt okovn bt okovan proti emu
NERVOUS AND MENTAL DISORDERS

sleeplessness/insomnia migraine depression breakdown neurosis psychosis mania schizophrenia paranoia
NERVOV A DUEVN PORUCHY

nespavost migrna deprese zhroucen neurza psychza mnie schizofrenie paranoia
100
PAINS A N D TROUBLES: guess which pains, troubles or illnesses these people may have.
NOTES
101
INJURIES
to suffer a serious/minor/ internal injury to escape/avoid injury head, etc. injury/ an injury to the head, etc. casualty wounded/injured to hurt/injure sb/oneself to hurt one's (knee ...) stab/knife/gunshot wound flesh/gaping wound to heal a wound to heal to sprain/twist sprain to break fracture to pull/strain a muscle slipped disc sciatica cut graze scrape sting splinter blister bruise burn utrpt vn/lehk/vnitn zrann, raz vyvznout bez zrann porann hlavy apod, rann, ob zrann zranit koho/sebe poranit si (koleno ...) bodn/ezn/ steln rna povrchov/oteven rna zahojit rnu hojit se vymknout, vyvrtnout vron, vymknut zlomit zlomenina nathnout si sval vyhozen plotnka ischias znut odenina krbnut tpnut tska puch modina, podlitina splenina to faint to bring sb round to come round severe/heavy bleeding internal bleeding to lose a lot of blood to bleed to death amputation suitable donor (blood/organ...) donor to volunteer to donate blood to be out of danger to survive to die of sth : scald : frostbite : drowning i bite ; snakebite poisoning \ to fester I to weep : scar : concussion unconscious i electric shock opaenina omrzlina utonut pokousn utknut otrava hnisat, podebrat se mokvat jizva otes mozku v bezvdom elektrick ok, der proudem omdlt pivst koho k sob pijt k sob, nabt vdom tk krvcen vnitn krvcen ztratit spoustu krve vykrvcet amputace vhodn drce drce (krve, orgnu...) dobrovoln darovat krev bt mimo nebezpe pet zemt na co
FIRST AID
to have an accident to give first aid an emergency first aid kit sterile gauze dressing/bandage plaster antiseptic painkiller ointment to clean the wound to bandage to stitch up the cut to put in plaster to immobilize sling neck brace mt nehodu, raz poskytnout prvn pomoc pohotovost lkrnika steriln gza obvaz, obinadlo nplast dezinfekce lk proti bolesti mast vyistit rnu obvzat set eznou rnu dt do sdry znehybnit zvsn tek ortopedick lmec : splint to stop the bleeding tourniquet to resuscitate dlaha zastavit krvcen krtidlo oivit, vzksit
mouh-to-mouth resuscitation dchn z st do st artificial respiration/ the kiss of life to call an ambulance to carry sb on a stretcher I to be taken by ambulance to hospital to be rushed to hospital accident and emergency department operating theatre/ emergency room complications after-effects 102 uml dchn zavolat sanitku nst koho na nostkch bt odvezen sanitkou do nemocnice bt rychle pevezen do nemocnice porazov oddlen, pohotovost operan sl komplikace nsledky
TREATMENT
treatment of/for (cancer, etc.) to be given treatment under close medical supervision to follow the doctor's advice effective medicine/drug side effects to take one's medicine recommended dose overdose pill tablet drops ointment gargle antibiotic antidepressant sedative painkiller aspirin lba (rakoviny apod.) bt oeten/len pod dnm lkaskm dohledem dbt rad lkae inn lk vedlej inky brt, uvat lky doporuen dvka pedvkovn prek tableta kapky mast kloktadlo antibiotikum antidepresivum utiujc lk lk proti bolesti aspirin I to have a complete rest : to keep out of contact with people : to spread the germs to infect sb alternative/modern/ traditional... medicine allopathic/ homeopathic medicine herbal/holistic medicine aromatherapy acupuncture massage chiropractic yoga therapist : penicillin i to sweat/perspire : to apply a cold compress : short-term/long-term effect penicilin potit se piloit studen obklad krtkodob/ dlouhodob inek pouze odpovat vyhbat se styku s lidmi i t bacily nakazit koho alternativn/modern/ tradin... medicna alopatick/ homeopatick lba bylinn/holistick lba aromaterapie akupunktura mas chiropraxe jga terapeut
AT THE DOCTOR
patient GP (general practitioner) nurse surgery waiting room to make an appointment with the doctor to go to/see/ visit a doctor about sth to consult a doctor to examine sb to do a test finding pacient praktick lka zdravotn sestra ordinace ekrna objednat se u lkae navtvit lkae kvli emu vyhledat, poradit se s lkaem vyetit koho provst test nlez results to send sb for an X-ray to have/undergo/submit (a medical examination) to have regular checkups to strip to the waist to stick out one's tongue to take sb's pulse/ blood pressure to give an injection to prescribe some medicine prescription to collect one's medicine chemist 's/pharmacy vsledky poslat koho na rentgen podstoupit (lkask vyeten) jt na pravideln prohldky svlci se do pli tla vyplznout jazyk zmit pulz/krevn tlak pchnout injekci pedepsat lky pedpis vyzvednout si lky lkrna
AT THE DENTIST
toothache cavity tooth decay decayed/rotten tooth plaque gum abscess loose tooth bolest zubu dra v zubu, kaz zubn kaz zkaen zub zubn plak znt dsn viklav zub oral hygiene filling brace to drill to extract/pull to have a tooth out false teeth/dentures stn hygiena plomba rovntka vrtat trhat nechat si vytrhnout zub zubn protza
103
INJURIES, FIRST A I D A N D TREATMENT: c o m m e n t on t h e injuries a n d mishaps illustrated below a n d t h i n k of t h e most appropriate first aid or t r e a t m e n t .
NOTES
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crown bridge loUIH enamel nerve root

TrtATU
korunka mstek
; gum 1 incisor : canine
dse ezk pik mln zub tenov zub stolika zub moudrosti
zubn sklovina nerv koen
: milk tooth I premolar I molar : wisdom tooth
IN HOSPITAL
hospital care/treatment hospital stay to be admitted to hospital to be in hospital ward to be discharged/ released from hospital outpatient inpatient clinic visiting hours blood test X-ray analysis of blood/urine oeten v nemocnici pobyt v nemocnici bt pijat do nemocnice leet v nemocnici nemocnin pokoj bt proputn z nemocnice ambulantn pacient hospitalizovan pacient klinika nvtvn hodiny krevn test rentgenov snmek rozbor krve/moi j under anaesthetic general/local anaesthetic : to operate on (the knee, etc.) : to be confined to bed : intensive care unit (ICU) department The doctor is (out) on his rounds. cardiology gynaecology maternity paediatrics dermatology orthopaedics physiotherapy (plastic) surgery oncology urology psychiatry pod narkzou celkov/mstn umrtven operovat (koleno apod.) bt upoutan na lko jednotka intenzivn pe (JIP) oddlen Doktor m nyn vizitu. kardiologie gynekologie porodnice pediatrie dermatologie ortopedie fyzioterapie (plastick) chirurgie onkologie urologie psychiatrie
to make (an accurate) diagnosis stanovit (pesnou) diagnzu surgeon anaesthetist chirurg anesteziolog
to have/undergo an operation jt na/podstoupit operaci to perform a (routine) operation provst (rutinn) operaci
DISABILITIES
disability handicap the disabled physically/mentally disabled to be hearing-impaired to be hard of hearing deaf hearing aid visually impaired short-sighted long-sighted colour-blind blind to go blind postien, invalidita postien, vada, handicap postien (lid s postienm) tlesn/duevn postien mt vadu sluchu nedoslchat hluch naslouchadlo s vadou zraku krtkozrak dalekozrak barvoslep slep oslepnout Braille 1 guide dog/seeing eye dog I deaf and dumb i sign language to sign i to be in a wheelchair Braillovo psmo slepeck pes hluchonm znakov e tlumoit do znakov ei bt na invalidnm vozku
: to be confined to a wheelchair bt upoutn na invalidn vozk i : : ; ; 1

:
wheelchair user artificial limb/prosthesis crutches to need constant care home care to look after sb
vozk protza berle vyadovat neustlou pi domc pe starat se o koho
105
LIFESTYLE
good/poor health state of health (good) physical and mental condition innate gene genetic (make-up, defect, etc.) heredity longevity environmental factors to live to (be) 90 to take care of one's (mental) health to keep fit to be good/bad for one s health to contribute to good health prevention health risk/hazard health problem to be prone to sth to succumb to sth to ruin/damage one s health to gamble with one s health to overdo it (inf) to cut down on sth to slow down to be under a lot of stress at work to cope with stress stressful run-down to learn to relax sufficient sleep dobr/chab zdrav zdravotn stav (dobr) fyzick a duevn stav vrozen gen genetick (uzpsoben, vada apod.) ddinost dlouhovkost vlivy ivotnho prosted dot se devadesti let starat se o sv (duevn) zdrav udrovat se v kondici bt dobr/patn pro sv zdrav pispvat k dobrmu zdrav prevence zdravotn riziko zdravotn problm bt nchyln, mt sklon kemu podlhat emu niit si zdrav zahrvat si se zdravm pehnt to omezit co polevit pracovat ve velkm stresu zvldat stres stresujc vyerpan nauit se odpovat dostaten spnek sedentary way of life lack of physical exercise regular exercise strenuous high cholesterol level in the blood diabetes malnutrition overeating obesity low fat diet to consist of sth to have a balanced diet to drink enough liquid to limit sweets/fatty meals to avoid sth temptation excessive coffee/alcohol drinking hangover sedav zpsob ivota nedostatek pohybu pravideln pohyb namhav, usilovn vysok hladina cholesterolu v krvi cukrovka podviva pejdn se obezita nzkotun strava skldat se z eho mt vyvenou stravu pt dostaten mnostv tekutin omezit sladkosti/tun jdla vyhbat se emu pokuen nadmrn pit kvy/ alkoholu kocovina
to build up an addiction to sth vybudovat si zvislost na em to be addicted to sth/be hooked on sth (inf) nicotine addict to smoke a lot/heavily to chain-smoke/smoke like a chimney (inf) risk of developing lung cancer to have a strong will strong-minded determination perseverance ban on smoking in public places bt zvisl na em nikotin zvisl lovk hodn kouit hulit jako fabrika" riziko vzniku rakoviny plic mt pevnou vli majc silnou vli odhodln vytrvalost zkaz kouen na veejnosti
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MR HAZARD'S LIFESTYLE: w h a t do you think of this man's lifestyle? Explain where you disagree w i t h his choices.
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25. WEATHER
WEATHER AND TEMPERATURE
What s the weather like? good/bad weather conditions nice/fine/fair/lovely weather nasty/horrible/ lousy (inf) weather settled unpredictable unsettled/changeable to get warm to get cold to warm up high/low tempetures to fall/go down to rise/go up Jak je poas? dobr/patn povtrnostn podmnky pkn, krsn poas hrozn, hnusn poas stl nepedvdateln nestl, promnliv oteplovat se ochladit se oteplit se vysok/nzk teploty klesat stoupat It's (10) degrees above/ below zero. (-10) degrees Centigrade/ Celsius centigrade thermometer to reach the freezing/ melting point Je (10 stup) nad/ pod nulou. (-10) stup Celsia Celsiv teplomr doshnout bodu mrazu/ bodu tn
to watch the weather (forecast) sledovat pedpov poas weatherman in all weathers to set in arctic/temperate/ tropical climate oceanic/continental/ insular climate climate/weather change global warming hlasatel poas za jakhokoli poas nastat, zat arktick/mrn/tropick podneb ocensk/vnitrozemsk/ ostrovn podneb zmna podneb/poas globln oteplovn
SUNNY AND HOT WEATHER

in the sun in the shade sunny bright warm The sun is shining. to rise/come up to set/go down clear/cloudless sky hot/the heat heatwave na slunci ve stnu sluneno jasno teplo Slunce svt. vychzet zapadat (o slunci) jasn obloha horko vlna horka sultry heat/stifling hot/ boiling hot scorcher sweltering hot to blaze down on sth/sb to glare to swelter dry spell drought arid (land, etc.) humid (air/climate/ atmosphere) vedro, dusno pak, hic morn vedro prait na co/koho oslovat (o slunci) umdlvat horkem, pait se v horku obdob sucha sucho such, vyprahl (zem atd.) vlhk, dusn (vzduch/ podneb/ovzdu)
RAINY WEATHER
light/steady rain moisture It looks like rain. cloudy/overcast sky grey/dull cloud It s clouding over. It's drizzling/spitting, (inf) cold damp slab/vytrval d vlhkost, vlha Vypad to na d. zamraen, zataen obloha pochmurno, zamraeno mrak Obloha se zatahuje. Mrhol. Poprchv. studen vlhk, sychrav wet/rainy (scattered) showers (heavy) downpour heavy/torrential/ | pouring rain I It's pouring/bucketing : down/teeming down. : hailstorm : hailstones : It's hailing. detiv (obasn) pehky (prudk) lijk pvalov d, lijk Leje jako z konve. krupobit ledov kroupy Padaj kroupy.
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25. WEATHER
puddle raindrop to be flooded floods to be rain-drenched/soaked to get wet through/ get drenched through
loue, kalu deov kapka bt zaplaven zplavy bt promokl promoknout na ki
to clear up rainbow (thick/dense) fog (fine) mist hazy/misty/foggy
vyjasnit se duha (hust) mlha (jemn) opar, mlha mlhavo
WIND AND STORM

(cool/warm...) breeze (mild/strong...) wind to blow (hard) windy It s windy. clustery gale storm (chladn/tepl...) zvan vtru, vnek (mrn/siln...) vtr (siln) foukat vtrno Fouk vtr. vtrn, bouliv vichice boue thunder flash of lightning clap/crack/roll/ crash of thunder to thunder to strike hurricane/typhoon tornado hrom blesk der hromu hmt udeit hurikn, tajfun smr, torndo
SNOW AND FROST

mild/severe winter cold spell/cold snap chilly frosty to snow (heavily) snowfall It's snowing. crisp powdery packed (snow) snowflake hoarfrost to pile up snowdrifts to clear the snow snowstorm/blizzard It's freezing (hard). mrn/krut zima studen vlna, obdob chladna sychrav, mraziv mraziv, ledov (hust) snit snen, chumelenice Sn. kupav sypk, prachov udusan (snh) snhov vloka jinovatka hromadit se zvje odklidit snh snhov boue, vnice (Siln) Mrzne. slush mud It's sleeting. ground frost to shiver/tremble with cold to be frozen (stiff) to freeze to death icy (roads...) icy/frosty (wind...) icy cold black ice icicle to thaw/melt thaw pzemn mrz tst se zimou bt zmrzl, promrzl umrznout zledovatl (silnice...) ledov (vtr...) studen jako led nled, nmraza rampouch tt tn, obleva
The snow is beginning to melt. Snh zan tt. It thawed overnight. The lake thawed last month. Pes noc byla obleva. Rybnk rozmrznul minul msc. Je plskanice. (Pad d se snhem.) beka blto
hard/heavy/sharp/severe frost siln mrz
109
25. WEATHER
WEATHER C O N D I T I O N S : what's t h e w e a t h e r girl's o u t l o o k for t h e week?
NOTES
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FILM AND CINEMA
silent/feature film (romantic) comedy slapstick comedy drama thriller western action/horror/war film love story tearjerker (inf) cartoon animated film to dub subtitles (all-star/star-filled) cast actor actress to star film star a rising star leading/principal actor supporting role stuntman/woman to go to an audition nm/celoveern film (romantick) komedie groteska drama napnav film western akn/hororov/vlen film milostn pbh dojk kreslen film animovan film dabovat titulky (hvzdn) hereck obsazen herec hereka inkovat v hlavn roli filmov hvzda vychzejc hvzda herec v hlavn roli vedlej role kaskadr/ka, dvojnk/ dvojnice jt na konkurz to make/shoot a film director producer film crew cameraman scriptwriter screenplay make-up artist special effects soundtrack trailer critic review cinema multiplex cinema-goer What s on at the cinema today? ticket for (a film) box-office hit/ blockbuster (inf) flop (inf) premiere X-rated film natoit film reisr producent filmov tb kameraman scnrista filmov scn maskr speciln efekty, triky hudba k filmu filmov ukzka (reklama) kritik kritika (lnek) kino multikino nvtvnk kina Co dnes dvaj v kin? lstek na (film) trhk, senzace propadk premira film nevhodn pro dti a mladistv
THEATRE
AT THE THEATRE
theatregoer auditorium stage aisle seat the stalls box balcony dress circle box office sold out complimentary ticket for the theatre cloakroom lobby pravideln nvtvnk divadla hledit jevit ulika sedadlo sedadla v pzem le balkn prvn balkn pokladna vyprodno voln vstupenka do divadla atna hala usher(ette) theatre programme in the wings backstage dressing room orchestra pit prompter costume set scenery stage prop rehearsal for/of (Romeo and Juliet) dress rehearsal to rehearse a play uvad(ka) divadeln program v zkulis, za oponou zkulis atna msto pro orchestr divadeln npovda kostm scna kulisy rekvizita divadeln zkouka (Romea a Julie) generln zkouka (ped pedstavenm) zkouet, nacviovat hru
111
THEATRE STAFF
play playwright actor actress hero heroine lead/leading/starring role supporting role/part major/minor/title role to take the part of Romeo to play/act the part of Romeo to be cast in the role/part to cast sb in the male/ female lead a stand-in for sb understudy extra stage manager costume designer make-up artist stagehand hra dramatik herec hereka hlavn hrdina hlavn hrdinka hlavn role vedlej role vznamn/mal/tituln role ujmout se role Romea hrt roli Romea bt obsazen do role obsadit koho do hlavn musk/ensk role dvojnk, dublr koho zskok, nhradnk komparzista, statista divadeln reisr nvrh kostm maskr kulisk
farce three-act play pantomime musical matine evening performance first night/premiere full/empty house the curtain rises/opens/ goes up the curtain falls/closes/ goes down
n
fraka hra o tech jednnch pantomima muzikl odpoledn pedstaven veern pedstaven premira vyprodan/przdn hledit opona se zved opona kles
outstanding/poor perfomance vynikajc/slab hereck vkon to play in a convincing way hrt pesvdiv
The performance was a success. Pedstaven mlo spch. to clap/applaud applause standing ovation tleskat potlesk potlesk vstoje
to get/win a round of applause sklidit potlesk loud/thunderous applause curtain call to have a long run bouliv potlesk vyvoln ped oponu mt adu reprz, dlouho bet v divadle
PERFORMANCE
to be on/be shown/be playing hrt se, bt na programu Romeo and Juliet" is playing tonight. to put on/perform a play tragedy comedy Dnes veer hraj Romeo a Julie". uvst hru, zahrt pedstaven tragdie komedie failure/flop (inf) to hiss/boo to learn/forget one's lines to have stage fright
box-office hit/blockbuster (inf) trhk, senzace propadk vypskat nauit se/zapomenout text mt trmu
MUSIC AND CONCERT

MUSIC
to play music to listen to music to write/compose music to set/put sth to music musician composer singer vocal/live/recorded music classical/chamber music symphony sonata overture musical style pop/rock/jazz/country music hrt hudbu poslouchat hudbu skldat hudbu zhudebnit co muzikant skladatel zpvk vokln/iv/reprodukovan hudba vn/komorn hudba symfonie sonta pedehra hudebn styl popov/rockov/jazzov/ country hudba note high/low note tune/melody lyrics to sing/play in tune out of tune female/male voice soprano alto mezzo soprano tenor baritone blues, rap, punk, heavy metal... to form a band/group to read music blues, rap, punk, heavy metal... zaloit hudebn skupinu znt noty, umt hrt/zpvat podle not nota, tn vysok/nzk tn npv, melodie text psn zpvat/hrt ist falen ensk/musk hlas soprn alt mezzosoprn tenor baryton
112
A N I G H T AT THE THEATRE: come up w i t h a story to explain Rob a n d Diane's night at t h e theatre.
NOTES
113
bass to improvise to play by ear to be musical/have an ear for music to be tone-deaf
bas improvizovat hrt bez not, podle sluchu mt hudebn sluch nemt hudebn sluch
kettledrum : drumstick : to beat drums : cymbals : xylophone ; triangle tambourine
tympany palika na buben bubnovat inely xylofon triangl tamburna klvesov nstroj klavr varhany
MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS
stringed instrument string bow violin cello viola double bass to pluck plectrum/pick (inf) acoustic/electric guitar banjo mandolin harp woodwind/wind instrument flute piccolo saxophone clarinet oboe bassoon mouth organ bagpipes brass instrument trumpet trombone horn French horn tuba percussion drum smycov nstroj struna smyec housle violoncello viola kontrabas brnkat trstko akustick/elektrick kytara bendo mandolna harfa dechov nstroj fltna pikola saxofon klarinet hoboj fagot foukac harmonika dudy esov nstroj trumpeta trombon trubka lesn roh tuba bic nstroj/e/ buben
keyboard piano organ
AT A CONCERT
to give a concert orchestra band/group conductor podium the audience soloist accompanist choir vocalist microphone pianist guitarist drummer flautist saxophonist the strings/the string section woodwinds/the woodwind the brass the percussion synthesiser podat koncert, koncertovat orchestr hudebn skupina, kapela dirigent pdium publikum slista doprovod pveck sbor vokalista mikrofon klavrista kytarista bubenk fltnista saxofonista smyce (hudebnci hrajc na smycov nstroje) dechov (hudebnci hrajc na dechov nstroje) est (hudebnci hrajc na esov nstroje) bic (hudebnci hrajc na bic nstroje) syntetiztor
to accompany sb (on the piano) doprovodit koho (na klavr) fan fanouek
BOOKS AND READING

BOOK
spine binding cover book jacket title subtitle contents hbet vazba obal knin pebal nzev knihy podtitul obsah chapter ! passage paragraph : line : page flyleaf : introduction : preface/foreword kapitola ryvek odstavec dek strnka pedsdka knihy (voln list) vod pedmluva
114
epilogue blurb dedication appendix bibliography index illustration graphics hardback paperback copy reprint to publish edition to translate into (French) review literary critic/reviewer plot character setting
doslov vydavatelsk anotace vnovn dodatek bibliografie rejstk ilustrace grafika vzan kniha broovan kniha vtisk petisk, dotisk vydat edice, nklad knihy peloit do (francouztiny) kritika literrn kritik zpletka postava prosted
sequel biography : autobiography diary ; reference book ; encyclopedia ; thesaurus \ atlas coursebook/textbook dictionary
pokraovn, dal dl biografie autobiografie denk pruka encyklopedie naun slovnk, lexikon atlas uebnice slovnk
handbook/manual/guide book pruka, prvodce bestseller/blockbuster (inf) trash bestseler, trhk brak, k
READING
voracious/avid reader bookworm well-read readable well-written horliv, velk ten knihomol setl tiv, zajmav dobe napsan
LITERATURE
author/writer novelist literary genre prose poetry non-fiction fiction detective/historical/ romantic novel science fiction short story love story chick lit fairy tales detective story/whodunit thriller horror autor, spisovatel prozaik, romanopisec literrn nr prza poezie naun literatura beletrie napnav/historick/ dobrodrun romn vdecko-fantastick romn povdka milostn romn romn pro dvky, eny pohdky detektivka akn, napnav pbh horor
to read sth from cover to cover pest co od zatku do konce to read sth at/in one sitting I couldn t tear myself away from the book. heavy book dull/boring book to get around to the book to have several books going to skip some parts to finish the book : to reread sth | to flick/leaf/browse I through sth : to skim/scan through sth ; to pore over sth : to plough through sth pest co jednm dechem Nemohl jsem se od t knky odtrhnout. obtn, nron etba nezivn etba dostat se znovu k rozeten knce mt nkolik knih rozetench najednou peskoit njak sti dost knku pest si co znovu prolistovat co, projt zbn co letmo pest co prostudovat co, prost co peliv prokousat se m
ART AND HANDICRAFTS

contemporary/modern art artist painter sculptor visual arts painting drawing modern umn umlec, mal mal socha vtvarn umn malba kresba ; sculpture ; work of art ; valuable ; oil painting ': abstract painting I landscape ; still life sochastv, socha umleck dlo cenn, vzcn olejomalba abstraktn obraz krajina zti
11 5
portrait self-portrait acrylic/oil paints pastels easel palette brush art gallery art collector to exhibit exhibition photography camera handicraft
portrt autoportrt akrylov/olejov barvy pastely malsk stojan paleta ttec umleck galerie sbratel umn vystavovat vstava fotografovn fotoapart emesln vroba, run prce
engraving woodworking portery potter's wheel clay modelling jewellery making glass painting sewing embroidery crochet lace-making weaving macram
rytectv prce se devem hrnstv hrnsk kruh hrnsk hlna modelstv vroba perk malovn na sklo it vyvn hkovn palikovn tkan drhn
116
ENTERTAINMENT: w h a t e n t e r t a i n m e n t do these people enjoy?
NOTES
117
27. MEDIA
NEWSPAPERS AND MAGAZINES
the press in the local/national newspaper daily weekly monthly Sunday newspaper tabloid the gutter press broadsheet periodical photographer paparazzi circulation target audience reporter/journalist editor proof-reader headline banner headline to be in/make/grab/ hit the headlines tisk v mstnch/celosttnch novinch denk tdenk msnk nedln noviny bulvrn pltek bulvrn tisk serizn tisk pravideln asopis fotograf senzacechtiv lovci fotografi nklad novin clov tensk obec zpravodaj, novin editor korektor hlavn titulek palcov titulek plnit tituln strnky novin journal supplement subscription to publish sth to subscribe to sth to skim/scan to flick through sth/ leaf through sth glossy magazine : leading story/article : the front page ; editorial 1 column I report i classified ad want ad lonely hearts (comic) strip T V and radio guide hlavn zprva/lnek tituln strnka vodnk, redakn koment sloupek v novinch zprva, report inzerce inzert hled se" seznmen (inzerce) kreslen seril v periodiku televizn a rozhlasov program asopis titn na kdovm pape asopis (odborn) ploha novin pedplatn zveejnit co pedplatit si co zbn prost, proltnout prolistovat, prohldnout si co
TELEVISION
television/TV (inf)/telly (inf) the box (inf)/the tube (inf) to watch television/TV on television/on T V to turn on/off to turn down/turn up to change the channel to switch over to ( C N N ...) screen controls remote control television broadcast channel terrestrial cable satellite digital the news newsreader/anchor prime time televize televize dvat se na televizi v televizi vypnout/zapnout ztlumit/zeslit zvuk pepnout (na jin kanl) pepnout na (CNN...) obrazovka ovldn dlkov ovlada televizn vysln televizn kanl pozemn kabelov satelitn digitln zprvy hlasatel zprv hlavn vyslac as live broadcast current affairs reporter interviewer documentary series television serial three-part serial soap opera sitcom talk show/chat show reality show presenter host to host a show music programme VJ/veejay game show quiz show sports programme iv vysln aktuln udlosti reportr modertor (rozhovoru) dokumentrn film ada, srie televizn seril tdln seril telenovela situan komedie talk show reality show modertor, hlasatel modertor (show apod.) uvdt zbavn program hudebn poad modertor hudebnch poad soutn poad vdomostn sout sportovn poad
118
27. MEDIA commentator commercial
modertor sportovnho poadu reklama
: preview ; webcast l licence fee
upoutvka na televizn program webov vysln koncesionsk poplatek
RADIO
to listen to the radio on the radio to turn the radio on/off to turn the radio down/up to tune in to a radio station broadcast frequency wavelength long-/medium-/short-wave poslouchat rozhlas v rozhlasu zapnout/vypnout rdio ztlumit/zeslit zvuk rdia naladit si rozhlasovou stanici vysln frekvence vlnov dlka dlouh/stedn/krtk vlnov dlka to host a talk show/chat show phone-in studio radio programme news newsreader announcer/presenter studio poad v rozhlase zprvy hlasatel zprv rozhlasov hlasatel, modertor moderovat talk show poad s telefonickmi dotazy poslucha
119
27. MEDIA
THE M E D I A : compare a n d contrast these pictures.
NOTES
120
28. COMMUNICATION
TELEPHONING
to pick up/lift the receiver to dial a number to phone a number to answer the phone to take the phone (in the office) to make a call to get/receive a call to be on the phone to speak on the phone to call/phone (up)/ring sb to give sb a call/give sb a ring to use sb s phone to call sb back by/over the phone to replace/hang up (the receiver) to hang up on sb pay phone phone booth mobile phone phone bill phone card text message to text/text message incoming/outgoing calls zvednout sluchtko vytoit slo zavolat na slo zvednout sluchtko (reagovat na zvonn) vzt si hovor (v kanceli) zavolat si mt hovor bt na telefonu mluvit po telefonu zavolat komu zavolat komu zavolat si z nho telefonu zavolat komu nazptek telefonicky zavsit, poloit (sluchtko) zavsit komu telefonn automat telefonn budka mobiln telefon et za telefon telefonn karta textov zprva poslat zprvy pchoz/odchzejc hovory to be cut off i local/long distance call : area code : to look up the number : phonebook/ : telephone directory : to get through to sb i to call about sth : to leave a message to take a message answering machine voicemail to speak up The line is engaged/busy. to hold on/hold the line to dial the wrong number mstn/mezimstsk hovor smrov slo vyhledat slo telefonn seznam dovolat se komu volat ohledn eho zanechat vzkaz pedat vzkaz, vzkzat nco telefonn zznamnk hlasov schrnka mluvit nahlas Linka je obsazena. nezavovat vytoit patn slo
to mistake sb for someone else splst si nkoho s nkm jinm to mishear peslechnout, patn rozumt bt peruen
reverse charge call/collect call hovor na et volanho hoax/crank call (BrE)/ prank call (AmE) anonymous call to slam down the phone to call a doctor/the police/ a cab, etc. falen telefont (nkdo si trop erty) anonymn telefont prsknout s telefonem pivolat lkae/policii/ taxi atd.
THE INTERNET
to have access to the Internet/the Net to be connected connection service provider user network to log in/on to sth to log off/out password user name to be online/offline to download (a file) to contact sb by email mt pstup na internet bt pipojen pipojen poskytovatel uivatel s pihlsit se, pipojit se k emu odhlsit se heslo uivatelsk jmno bt pipojen/odhlen sthnout (soubor) spojit se s km elektronicky email address : inbox I to attach to check one's email to send/receive/save an email zkontrolovat si e-mailovou potu poslat/pijmout/uloit zprvu e-mailov adresa schrnka (pchoz pota) pipojit (soubor)
ploha : attachment i to visit sb 's website/chat room navtvit n webovou strnku/chat : : to be posted on the website i i : ; web page chatroom to surf the Net to browse bt umstn na webov strnce webov strnka chatovac mstnost surfovat po internetu prohlet, hledat
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28. COMMUNICATION
to search for sth (web) browser
hledat co internetov prohle
to find sth on the Internet to shop online
nalzt co na internetu nakupovat po internetu
POST OFFICE SERVICES

writing paper/notepaper envelope stamp postcode postage to put a stamp on sth sender addressee to enclose sth enclosure to hand in at the counter letter postcard package/parcel junk mail postman/postwoman to post a letter/parcel to deliver by recorded delivery/ by registered post to send sth C O D (cash on delivery) return address postal order dopisn papr oblka znmka smrovac slo potovn nalepit znmku na co odeslatel adrest piloit co ploha podat u pepky dopis pohled balk nevydan pota potovn doruovatel/ka poslat dopis/balk doruit doporuen poslat co na dobrku zpten adresa potovn poukzka to weigh scales the contents Fragile Handle with care This side up Urgent for the attention of sb c/o (care of) (to deliver/be notified etc) by post to get lost in the post to open one's post airmail surface mail special delivery postbox letterbox to drop in the postbox to clear one's letterbox letecky pozemn potou spn potovn schrnka doruovac schrnka hodit do schrnky (veejn) vybrat si schrnku (soukromou)
to collect sth at the post office vyzvednout si co na pot (doruit/bt vyrozumn atd.) potou ztratit se potou, pi doruen otevt si svou potu, dopisy apod. zvit vhy obsah Pozor, kehk Zachzejte opatrn Neklopit Piln k rukm koho bytem, na adresu (pechodnho bydlit)
122
28. COMMUNICATION
TELEPHONING: tell t h e tragic story of t h e t e l e p h o n e catastrophe.
NOTES
123
29. CRIME
CRIMES AND CRIMINALS
TOWARDS THINGS AND PROPERTY
to commit a crime/an offence petty/serious crime violent crime to break into (a shop) to steal sth from sb theft thief to rob (a bank) robbery robber to rob sb of sth to burgle burglary burglar stolen (cars, valuables...) to nick (inf)/pinch sth (inf) to shoplift shoplifting shoplifter pickpocket to poach poaching poacher arson arsonist riot/fight rioter spchat zloin/pestupek drobn/vn zloin nsiln trestn in vloupat se do (obchodu) ukrst co komu krde, odcizen zlodj vyloupit, vykrst (banku) krde, vloupn lupi, zlodj okrst koho o co vloupat se, vyloupit vloupn pachatel vloupn kraden tpnout" co, ukrst co krst v obchodech krde v obchodech zlodj (v obchod) kapesn zlodj pytlait pytlaen pytlk hstv h vtrnictv, rvaka vtrnk a hijacking hijacker to threaten to demand a ransom missing wanted to blackmail blackmail blackmailer to extort (money) from sb to rape rape rapist attempted rape rape victim to murder murder murderer attempted murder murder weapon manslaughter felony to assassinate assassin nos nosce vyhroovat poadovat vkupn poheovan hledan vydrat vydrn, vydrastv vydra vydrat (penze) od koho znsilnit znsilnn nsilnk pokus o znsilnn ob znsilnn zavradit vrada vrah pokus o vradu vraedn zbra nemysln zabit hrdeln zloin kladn zavradit atenttnk
CHEATING AND OTHER DISHONEST BEHAVIOUR

to cheat a cheat podvdt podvod, podvodnk oidit, pipravit koho o co oidit koho o (stku) podfuk zlodjna darebk, lump, podvodnk nathnout koho", natovat vce to be taken in to embezzle embezzlement embezzler to smuggle smuggling smuggler forger nechat se naplit, oidit zpronevit zpronevra defraudant paovat paovn paerk padlatel
TOWARDS PEOPLE
to attack sb to beat sb up to assault sb assault to mug mugging mugger to defend oneself against/ from sb in self-defence to kidnap sb/abduct sb kidnapping/ abduction kidnapper/abductor hostage to hijack napadnout koho zbt koho pepadnout koho pepaden pepadnout a okrst na ulici pepaden na ulici nsilnk a zlodj brnit se komu v sebeobran unst koho nos nosce rukojm unst (letadlo, vozidlo, loapod.)
to cheat sb out of sth to con sb out of (an amount) (inf) con (inf) rip-off (inf) crook (inf) to rip sb off
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29. CRIME
forgery forgery/fake counterfeit/fake/false (money, goods...) piracy pirate to bootleg
padln padlek padlan, zfalovan, neprav... plagitorstv plagitor nezkonn vyrbt a prodvat
under the table to bribe bribery corruption to accept/take a bribe to forge/fake/counterfeit to betray treason
naerno (platba) uplatit platkstv, podplcen korupce pijmout platek padlat, zfalovat zradit (vele) zrada
bootleg (recordings, alcohol.. ) nezkonn vyrbn a prodvan
THE CRIMINAI. CAUGHT

victim (main/chief) suspect culprit accused criminal to launch a search/manhunt extensive nationwide international to search sth to search for sb to issue a warrant to suspect sb of sth to search sb for sth to leave sb s fingerprints (on sth) to confuse the police disguise to be caught red-handed/ in the act ob (hlavn) podezel osoba vink obvinn zloinec vyhlsit ptrn rozshl celosttn mezinrodn prohledat co ptrat po kom vydat zatyka podezvat koho z eho prohledat koho kvli emu zanechat sv otisky (na em) to prove zmst policii pevlek, pestrojen bt pichycen pi inu evidence to produce an alibi to help the police with their inquiries : to arrest sb/nick sb (inf) ; to put handcuffs on sb zatknout, zadret koho nasadit pouta komu
: to be taken to a police station bt odveden na policejn stanici : to hold/keep sb in custody i to escape/get away I to investigate : investigation : to interrogate : interrogation : eyewitness ; to make up : (the whole story, etc.) to take a lie detector test dret koho ve vyetovac vazb uniknout vyetovat vyetovn vyslchat vslech oit svdek vymyslet si (celou historku apod.) podstoupit test na detektoru li dokzat dkaz poskytnout alibi pomhat policii pi vyetovn
AT COURT
to be charged with sth/ be accused of sth to face an accusation of sth false accusation to pay bail to release sb on bail court case trial to take sb to court to appear in court to be on trial for sth/ be tried for sth courtroom the judge bt obvinn z eho elit obvinn z eho falen obvinn zaplatit kauci propustit koho na kauci soudn ppad stn, soudn len zaalovat koho dostavit se k soudu bt v soudnm zen kvli emu soudn s soudce ; | i : i ; the jury defendant/the accused the prosecution prosecutor the defence barrister in the dock in the witness box to hear the case to examine the evidence to hear the witnesses to be under oath to testify testimony porota obalovan obaloba alobce, prokurtor obhajoba obhjce, advokt v lavici obalovanch v lavici svdk projednvat ppad proetit dkazy vyslyet svdky bt pod psahou svdit, vypovdat vvDov
125
29. CRIME
TYPES OF CRIME: which crime is illustrated in each of these pictures?
NOTES
126
29. CRIME
perjury to be acquitted/ convicted of a charge
kiv vpov bt zprotn/usvden z obvinn
to increase/reduce a sentence to order sb to pay a fine to serve a sentence light/stiff sentence heavy sentence suspended sentence life imprisonment death penalty/ capital punishment to get away with... to go free
zvit/snit trest nadit komu zaplatit pokutu odpykvat si trest mrn trest psn trest podmnn trest odnt svobody na doivot trest smrti vyvznout s... uniknout trestu
to drop the charges against sb sthnout obvinn proti nkomu to plead guilty/confess to rule (in sb s favour) to give the verdict to find sb guilty/ innocent of a crime to sentence sb to (2 years in prison, etc.) to be sentenced to/get/ be given ... to put sb behind bars (inf) cell to order sb to do community service piznat se, doznat se rozhodnout (v prospch) vynst rozsudek shledat koho vinnm/ nevinnm ze zloinu odsoudit koho k (dvma letm odnt svobody apod.) bt odsouzen k... poslat koho za me cela nadit komu vykonvat veejn prospn prce
to release sb/set sb free/free sb propustit koho na svobodu, osvobodit koho (un)just punishment to appeal against one s conviction (ne)spravedliv trest odvolat se proti rozsudku
to appeal to the highest courts odvolat se k nejvymu soudu
127
29. CRIME
THE MURDER INVESTIGATION: tell t h e story of h o w Mrs Rose e n d e d up behind bars.
NOTES
128
30. DEATH AND FUNERAL

DEATH
to be close to death to die/pass away cause of death to bleed to death to freeze to death to burn to death to drown to die a natural/violent death to die in an accident to die of starvation/old age... bt na pokraji smrti zemt, zesnout pina smrti vykrvcet umrznout uhoet utonout zemt pirozenou/nsilnou smrt zemt pi nehod zemt hladem/vkem... to die in one s sleep to commit suicide to die young/poor to die a hero/a martyr to die for sth to do a post-mortem/ autopsy on sb coroner : to die from cancer/injuries.. zemt na rakovinu/na zrann... zemt ve spnku spchat sebevradu zemt mlad/ chud zemt jako hrdina/ muednk zemt za co provst ohledn mrtvoly na kom koroner
FUNERAL
funeral to go to/attend sb's funeral obituary undertaker burial cremation buried burned/cremated coffin urn hearse grave gravestone/tombstone funeral procession funeral oration to lay a wreath poheb, smuten obad jt komu na poheb mrtn oznmen, parte zamstnanec pohebnho stavu pohben kremace pohben do zem zpopelnn rakev urna pohebn vz hrob nhrobn kmen smuten prvod smuten proslov poloit vnec the bereaved bereavement to express sympathy condolence to mourn/grieve for sb to mourn sb's death to be in mourning to wear mourning (dress) to seek/find solace to be a solace to sb to make a last will to bequeath/leave sth to sb to bequeath sb a fortune graveyard/cemetery the mourners hbitov truchlc, pozstal (na pohbu) pozstal bolestn ztrta, mrt projevit soustrast kondolence truchlit pro koho oplakvat n smrt mt, dret smutek nosit smutek, smuten aty hledat/najt tchu bt tchou komu uinit zv odkzat co komu odkzat komu jmn
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CONTENTS

TRAFFIC AND DRIVING

CAR PROBLEMS WITH A CAR

10. TOWN AND SIGHTS

14. CLOTHES AND FASHION

15. FOOD AND DRINKS

16. COOKING AND EATING

BEDROOM KITCHEN BATHROOM BUYING A HOUSE/ A FLAT RENT BREAKDOWNS

19. SCHOOL AND EDUCATION

20. THE HUMAN BODY

22. FEELINGS, EMOTIONS, MOODS

23. HUMAN QUALITIES 24. HEALTH AND ILLNESS

99 99 99 102 102 103 103 103 105 105 106

26. CULTURE AND ENTERTAINMENT

112 114 115

30. DEATH AND FUNERAL

; quad(ruplet) I sibling rivalry

FAMILY TREE: describe Mike's family tree.

'E: Valentine is m a d l y in love w i t h Emma. W h a t is their story as shown in t h e pitures below?

to match sb up with sb to make a good match to pick up sb/chat sb up dating agency

steady girlfriend to steal/pinch sb s girlfriend to take a short break to fail

W E D D I N G : compare a n d contrast these t w o pictures. Which w e d d i n g w o u l d you prefer? Why?

to apologize for sth

: wet/soiled nappy \ i nursery/creche ; : kindergarten/nursery school

UPBRINGING: c o m m e n t on t h e situation below. W h a t do you think of t h e father's restrictions?

PROBLEMS OF YOUNG PEOPLE

TIME FOR BED

SHUFFLED M O R N I N G ROUTINES: p u t M r Disorder's m o r n i n g routines into t h e correct order.

M N M M G E X C U S E S : c o m a p mtk Stanley's explanation for w h y he's late t o w o r k .

ubytovn v hotelu penzin

to be bitten backpack vacuum flask torch

bt potpan batoh, krosna termoska baterka

rozdlat/uhasit ohe sedt kolem tborovho ohn vait nad ohnm

ste kormidlo kapitnsk mstek p

A FANTASTIC TRIP: tell t h e story of M r Adventure's journey.

9. TRAFFIC AND DRIVING

zacouvat autem zacouvat autem do (gare) vycouvat autem z (gare)

9.TRAFFIC AND DRIVING

TRAFFIC VIOLATIONS: c o m m e n t on t h e situations below. W h a t do you t h i n k has h a p p e n e d in each?

9. TRAFFIC AND DRIVING

A CAR ACCIDENT: tell t h e story of Victor's accident (and personality).

9. TRAFFIC AND DRIVING

rear light petrol cap trailer

koncov svtlo vko od ndre pvsn vozk

:' odometer : rev(olution) rev counter warning light

PROBLEMS WITH A CAR

mt poruchu odstranit zvadu vstran trojhelnk tret,

10. TOWN AND SIGHTS

10.TOWN AND SIGHTS

10. TOWN AND SIGHTS

10. TOWN AND SIGHTS

to become overloaded with sth bt zahlcen m

10. TOWN AND SIGHTS

STREET: compare these t w o pictures a n d t r y t o find at least 5 differences b e t w e e n t h e m .

APPLYING FOR A JOB

JOB SATISFACTION: invent a story explaining w h y Patrick decided t o leave his j o b .

to be overdrawn by (an amount) to be in the red (inf)

bt peerpn o (kolik) bt zadluen, bt v mnusu

to write sb a cheque for \ (an amount)

vypsat ek komu na (stku)

SHOPS AND SERVICES

(car/cycle/shoe...) repair shop opravna (aut/jzdnch kol/

14. CLOTHES AND FASHION