THAPAR INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

(DEEMED UNIVERSITY)
PATIALA, PUNJAB

SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY:

SHAMSHER PRAKASH FOUNDATION VARUN AGGARWAL
MISHIKA SINGLA
RAHUL KUMAR
TANSY JINDAL
To

Dr. Manoranjan Parida (coordinator)

Associate professor
Civil Engineering Department
Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee
Roorkee – 247667
India

Respected sir,

This report entitled “Extraction of Biodiesel from Jatropha Plant” was

prepared to meet all requirements of criteria underlined in the pamphlet of
Shamsher Prakash Foundation. Our purpose of this report is to fabricate an
innovative biodiesel processor that is quite efficient and cost effective.

I, Varun Aggarwal, on the behalf of my team of four members, submit this

innovative proposal for your kind consideration.

Sincerely,

VARUN AGGARWAL
Ist year T.I.E.T student

Team members:
VARUN AGGARWAL
MISHIKA SINGLA
RAHUL KUMAR
TANSY JINDAL
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS……………………………………… (i)
SUMMARY……………………………………………………… (ii)

1.0 INTRODUCTION…………………………………………… 1
1.1 Problem overview…………………………………… 1
1.2 Report objectives…………………………………… 1

2.0 BACKGROUND…………………………………………… 2-4

2.1 Scope of Jatropha in India………………………… 2
2.2 Benefits of biodiesel………………………………. 2
2.3 Process of obtaining oil from plant……………….. 3
2.4 Basic process of manufacturing biodiesel………. 4

3.0 PROCESSOR DESIGN…………………………………… 5-8

3.1 Physical size………………………………………… 5
3.2 Material selection…………………………………… 5
3.3 Components………………………………………… 6
3.3.1. Selection……………………………………..
3.4 User interface………………………………………. 8
3.4.1 Safety………………………………………..
3.4.2 Maintenance………………………………….
3.4.3 Ease of use…………………………………..
3.4.4 Aesthetics……………………………………

4.0 PROCESSOR FABRICATION………………………….. 8-9

4.1 Assembly…………………………………………… 8
4.2 Progressive testing………………………………... 9

5.0 COST: 9-10

5.1 Cost effective. …………………………………….. 9
5.2 Cost analysis ……………………………………… 10

6.0 CONCLUSIONS…………………………………………… 10

7.0 RECOMMENDATIONS…………………………………… 10-11

8.0 REFERENCES…………………………………………….. 11

APPENDIX A -- BIODIESEL MAKING PROCESS……….. 12

APPENDIX B – LIST OF MATERIALS..……………..….. 13

APPENDIX C – DESCRIPTION OF BIODIESEL…………… 14-15

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
I, Varun Aggarwal, would like to thank my teammates: Tansy
Jindal, Mishika Singla, and Rahul Kumar. We would not have been
able to complete the project on time or to the same degree of
success, if it were not for the collaboration and cooperation between
each one of us.

I would also like to thank five Canadian students who helped us in

the project: Dave boere, Daniel Smith, Ryan Case, Matt Stewart,
Calvin Ng. Finally I would like to thank all the workshop instructors
who provided help and useful advice.

I would also like to thank Dr. Maneek Kumar and Dr. Ajay Batish,
faculty members in the institute. Their guidance and advice was
invaluable, and was used frequently throughout the course of
project.

i
 SUMMARY

Diesel engines are very common in India. In spite of proving a great

boon to the transportation and industry, they also are a major
contributor to pollution in India as well as the rest of the world.
Biodiesel is very effective alternative fuel as it can be used in any
existing diesel engine with negligible or no modifications. But the
problem is that biodiesel is not widely available in India.

This report will channelise the various possible areas suitable for
cultivation of Jatropha plant along with its justification. It will
outline the processes involved in extracting oil from plant which acts
as raw material for fabrication of biodiesel, also it will show detailed
process followed in making a biodiesel processor. It will justify
every decision made using analytical data, calculations and
professional opinions.

ii
1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 PROBLEM OVERVIEW

Bio-diesel is found everywhere in India, and the rising population of India,

combined with its developing industries, have created even more need of
diesel engines. The emissions from all of
these diesel engines contribute to the
decreasing level of air quality in India,
and rest of world [as shown in Fig. 1(a)].
The use of an alternative fuel in these
diesel engines could play a major role in
slowing the harmful environmental
affects of combustion engines.
Biodiesel is an alternative fuel that
can be run in any existing diesel engine
with negligible or no modifications, and
can be mixed in any ratio with petroleum
diesel. It significantly reduces emissions
with respect to petroleum diesel
combustion. The problem is that biodiesel Fig. 1(a)
is not widely available in India, or in the
majority of the world for that matter.
Though there have been many endeavors in the field of biodiesel
extraction, but our project deals in making the same process user-friendly
and cost-effective.

1.2 REPORT OBJECTIVES

This report has several objectives.

• It will provide background information on the benefits of biodiesel

as compared to petroleum diesel.
• It will provide information about suitable oil-giving plants and
importance of Jatropha amongst these.
• About the process of extraction of raw oil from these plants. It will
also outline the basic procedure required in making biodiesel.
• It will outline the FABRICATION OF A BIODIESEL PROCESSOR,
justifying the decisions made in its design and construction with
analytical data, calculations and professional opinion.
• In making the processor cost-effective and user-friendly by making
use of by products like glycerin.
• Finally, it will provide recommendations as to any changes that
should be made if the project were to be undertaken a second
time.

1
2.0 BACKGROUND

2.1 SCOPE OF JATROPHA IN INDIA

There are more than 100 tree species which bear seeds rich in oil having
excellent properties as a fuel and which can be processed into a diesel
substitute. Of these some promising tree species have been evaluated and
it has been found that Pongamia
Pinnata and Jatropha curcas are most
suitable. However, the advantage is
clearly in favour of Jatropha curcas
due to the following reasons. Fig. 2(a)
shows the different areas under
Jatropha cultivation in India.
• It can be grown in areas of low
rainfall (500 mm per year) and
in problem soils. In high
rainfall and irrigated areas too
it can be grown with much
higher yields. Therefore, it can
Fig. 2(a) Areas under
be grown in most parts of the Jatropha cultivation
country. It can be grown in
desert areas, with the help of
drip irrigation.
• Oil yielding per hectare is among the highest of tree borne oil
seeds
• Animals do not graze Jatropha.
• Being rich in nitrogen, the seed cake is an excellent source of plant
nutrients.
• Various parts of plant are of medicinal value, its bark contains
tannin, the flowers attract bees and hence plant has honey
production potential.
• The plant is undemanding in soil type and does not require tillage.

2.2 BENEFITS OF BIODIESEL

Diesel engines require, starting from Vegetable oil Diesel and now Bio
diesel, as fuel. There are numerous benefits of using biodiesel as
compared to petroleum diesel. As of
now biodiesel is the only alternative
fuel, which requires no alterations to,
and can be run in, an existing diesel
engine. Biodiesel in its pure form, or
mixed in any proportion with
petroleum diesel has no negative
affects on the performance of a
diesel engine. Biodiesel is much safer
than petroleum diesel as it is 10
times less toxic than table salt, and
has a flash point (point at which it
ignites) of 125°C as compared to a
Fig. 2(b) Reduction in emissions
flash point of 55°C for petroleum
using biodiesel as fuel

2
diesel. Biodiesel can also have a very positive affect on the local economy.
It reduces the dependency on foreign oil, and benefits local farmers,
businesses and the national economy.
One of the major benefits of biodiesel is the reduction is harmful
emissions. Fig. 2(b) shows the reduction in emissions as biodiesel is
mixed with petroleum diesel in different ratios. All of these reductions in
emissions reduce environmental and human hazards such as global
warming, health affects, and smog. One negative affect of biodiesel is that
it can cause a slight increase in Nitrous Oxide emissions as compared to
Petroleum diesel [1].

2.3 PROCESS OF OBTAINING OIL FROM PLANT:

The seeds and the leaves are the oil-bearing parts of the plant. The oil is
extracted from them by any of the following
methods:
• The Sayari expeller:
As shown in the plate (i) showing how we
get oil from the seeds of Jatropha plant.

Plate (i)

• The Bielenberg Ram press: The process is explained using three

plates as shown below. In this we get the oil from a machine
operated manually.

Plate (i) Plate (ii) Plate (iii)

2.4 BASIC PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING BIODIESEL

Biodiesel is basically made by chemically altering an organic oil (usually

vegetable oil) through a process called transesterfication. Vegetable oils
and animal fats are triglycerides, containing glycerin. The biodiesel
process turns the oils and fats into esters, separating out the glycerin. The
glycerin sinks to the bottom and the biodiesel floats on top and can be
siphoned off.

3
 Essentially this process is just thinning the oil so it can be used in an
existing diesel engine.

¾ Step 1 – Pour the pre-strained used vegetable oil into the

processor.

¾ Step 2 – Heat the oil to 55°C using an emersion heater.

¾ Step 3 – Titration:

• Mix a solution of 1% v/v lye and water

• Mix 40mL of isopropyl and a 4mL sample of the used
vegetable oil in a separate dish
• Add the first dish to the second dish one drop at a time,
recording the number of drops it takes to neutralize the
solution in thee second dish
• Using the equation L= ((D/4) + 3.5) x O where D is equal to
the number of 1mL drops recorded in the previous step, O is
the number of millimeters to be reacted and L is the mass (in
grams) of lye that will be required for the reaction.
• Record L for use in the following step.
¾ Step 4 - Carefully mix the methanol (0.2 x the volume of vegetable
oil used) with the amount of lye calculated in the previous step.

¾ Step5 – Carefully mix the methanol mixture with the heated

vegetable oil.

¾ Step 6 – Mix thoroughly.

¾ Step 7 – Allow to settle for eight hours. This will let the glycerin
separate from the mixture and settle to the bottom.

¾ Step 8 – Remove the glycerin from the tank.

¾ Step 9 – Wash the Biodiesel.

¾ Step 10 - Allow the processor to sit for eight hours.

¾ Step 11 – Drain off the Water.

¾ Step 12 – Transfer Biodiesel into storage containers and allow to

dry in the sun for eight hours.

4
3.0 PROCESSOR DESIGN

Fig. 3(a) The Concept Biodiesel Processor Fig 3(b) The Fabricated Bio-diesel
Processor

3.1 PHYSICAL SIZE

The entire processor should be able to produce a significant amount of

biodiesel in one batch. One larger batch, as compared to two smaller
batches, would produce the same amount of biodiesel with only half of the
user interface and in only half the time. The size must however be limited
as the unit should be reasonable easy to relocate.
The processor is 1m long and 0.6m wide with the capacity of almost 250
litres. These dimensions allow it to fit through most doorways in the
Thapar Institute shop and also allow it to fit on almost any trailer. Height,
kept down for centre of gravity but cone slope for glycerin.

3.2 Material Selection

The tank is either to be made out of either galvanized iron (GI) or Mild
Steel (MS) See Table below. GI will better prevent rust formation, but it
is not easily welded so MS will be used and a coat of aluminum paint will
be applied on the inside of the tank after completion to prevent the
formation of rust. Fig 3.2(a), shows the comparison between GI and MS

Material Advantage Disadvantage

Galvanized Prevent rust Can not be easily welded
iron(GI) formation
Mild steel Easy to weld Not must rust prevention

5
 The frame is to be made and all
supports are to be made out of
angle iron, rectangular tubing or
round pipe. 1” angle iron is not
strong enough and 2” angle iron is
not in stock. Round pipe is more
difficult to weld a base sheet onto
so 1” square tubing will be used for
the platform and 1” x 2”
rectangular tubing will be used for
Fig 3.2(b) Different
the tank supports. angle iron rods
Fig 3.2(a) Comparison of
GI and MS

3.3 COMPONENTS

3.3.1 Purchased vs fabricated

(i) Double-walled tank- The processor

tank is specially designed. In order to
reduce the heat losses to the environment,
the space (1 inch) between the two walls
of the cylindrical tank (34 inch in height) is
filled with an insulating material (Glass
wool). Further a conical flask (height 6
inch) is attached to it on the lower part of
cylindrical tank. This conical flask is
attached to take out the desired fluid step
by step on the decided intervals.
Fig 3.3(a) Geometry of double-walled
tank

(ii) Air compressor- It is used for bubble washing of biodiesel. The air
bubble allows a sort of indirect agitation of two fluids-they pick up a tiny
amount of water and gently carry it through the biodiesel, picking up
soaps and other contaminants.
This method of bubble washing is efficient and cheaper.

(iii) Digital ph meter: The quantity of methanol-lye mixture to be added

to the oil is to be checked so as to have a desired alkalinity. For this, a ph-
meter is employed in the processor. On the change of 2-3 ph level supply
of methanol-lye solution is stopped.
(iv) Control board- In order to keep the control
of each component together we decided to go with
a control board. This is given the shown position
for user’s ease. It provides controls of Heater, Air
compressor, ph- meter and pump.

Fig. 3.3(b) Control board

6
3.3.2 Selection
(i) Pump Selection
The main criteria when selecting a pump is the
capacity. When titrating the 150L batch the
liquid needs to be re-circulated reasonable
quickly so the user is not forced to wait for an
extended period of time while the batch
titrates. In order to mix thoroughly the batch
should be re-circulated a few times before
taking the final titration reading. This should
not take any longer than 15 minutes. The
calculation below shows the rough pump
capacity required for this processor.
Fig. 3.3(c) pump used
Pump capacity (L/hr) = 450L/0.25hr
= 1800L/hr
The pump capacity should be around 1800L/hr. A pump with a capacity of
much less than this will result in a long wait time for thorough mixing, and
a pump much larger than this will result in a cost more than allowed for
by the budget.
(ii) Heater Selection - In order to produce the desired environment of
550C, the heater is used. The oil and the methanol is thoroughly mixed
and heated in the cylindrical processor. The thermostat in the heater
serves our purpose of the required temperature.
We needed a heater that would heat 150L of vegetable oil in a reasonable
amount of time. To estimate the size of the heater needed some
calculations were performed: Assuming the density of the vegetable oil to
be 0.91kg/L [3], the mass of the oil in a 150L batch was calculated to be
136.5Kg. A reasonable amount of time to heat the oil was set as 15
minutes and the specific heat capacity of the oil was assumed to be 1.67
KJ/Kg [4]. A base temperature of 25°C was used and because the oil
needs to reach a temperature of 55°C ∆t was made to be 30°C.
E=mc∆t = 136.5Kg x 1.67KJ/Kg x 30°C = 6,838,655J
6,838,655 / 900seconds ≈7.5kW
Therefore the heater needed to be about 7.5kW.

Fig 3.3(d) Position of heater Fig 3.3(e) Inside view of heater

7
3.4 USER INTERFACE
3.4.1 Safety
While working with the processor, care must be taken, as there could be
any sharp edge of the processor tank. Most dangerous part is while mixing
methoxide whose caustic dusk particles can make damage to lungs.
Methanol fumes are dangerous to the eyes, can cause blindness. There is
risk of spreading of methanol fumes during bubble or mist washing. Its
fumes are inflammable. Also there may be a risk of getting exposed to hot
fumes or electric currents. NaOH can also cause severe burns.

3.4.2 Maintenance
The unit was designed to be relatively maintenance free. If the paint
wears off after an extended period of time a touch up coat should be
applied to prevent rust. Also if the unit is expected to sit idle for an
extended period of time it should be completely drained. This is once
again to prevent rust. All of the electrical wiring was made easily
accessible in case any of the electrical components should fail. All parts of
the processor are easily accessible and the control panel handles the
electrical switching of all these parts, thus its maintenance is relaxed.

3.4.3 Ease of Use

It’s not difficult to handle the machine, as its size is not very big. The goal
during the design process was to make the processor as automated as
possible. Within the limited time constraints given for the project it was
designed to have only 2-3 hours of user interface during the roughly 48
hour process. These 2-3 hours are divided into two periods. The rest of
the time the operator can walk away and perform other tasks.

3.4.4 Aesthetics
With the knowledge that the biodiesel processor would be displayed in
an IIT competition in May, aesthetics were even more important than they
would otherwise be.

4.0 PROCESSOR FABRICATION

4.1 ASSEMBLY

The sequence of steps followed to construct the processor is as follows:

Phase 1: Construction of base and tank
First of all the rectangular base of the processor was made on which the
tank and all other parts are supported. Then the main double walled
cylindrical tank was made. The space between the two walls was filled with
Glass wool that acts as an insulating medium. The bottom of the tank was
made conical so as to facilitate the outflow of Glycerin. Once the tank was
made, it was fitted on to the base.

8
Phase 2: Assembly of various components
After this, the rest of the components like the centrifugal pump, the heater,
the air-compressor, the pH meter etc. were chosen according to their
specifications and fitted at their appropriate places, like heater was placed
at the bottom of the conical flask.
Phase 3: Making of the control board:
The final step was to construct the control board that provides various
switches to control all the components. This was designed keeping in view
the user convenience.

4.2 PROGRESSIVE TESTING

Throughout the fabrication process tests were performed on all the

various parts and components of the processor. As the tank was
assembled leak tests were performed on every weld made. The
progressive testing was required as it spotted any design or fabrication
flaws early and prevented major problems from occurring later in the
process.

5.0 COST

5.1 COST EFFECTIVENESS:

A lot of research is going on in the field of commercialization of Biodiesel

but the only concerned point is the cost factor. So in order to reduce the
cost per litre we are making use of the major by-product of the process,
Glycerin.

5.1.1 Purification of Glycerin:

The purification of glycerin involves neutralization, separation of unreacted
methanol, dilution, washing it with liquid stream and then concentrating it
up to around 80%.

5.1.2 Manufacturing of soap from glycerin:

In order to make our process cost-effective, the glycerin is being used to
manufacture soap that could be used for household purposes. The process
involves melting of the purified and concentrated glycerin in a boiler and
subjecting it to low heat. A teaspoon of Beeswax (for every 4 ounces
(114g) of glycerin) is added to it. After removing it from heat, the mixture
is stirred till the wax melts. Add Lavender oil (for odor) and color to the
above. Stir and pour the mixture into moulds and let it stand till it
solidifies.

5.2 COST ANALYSIS:

By the end of the project, the total cost of materials was Rs 35,880. The
list of materials and their costs can be seen in appendix B. It was
estimated that the amount of Labour required in fabricating the processor
by skilled workers would be 50hrs. Using the cost of Rs 100/hr [2] the
total labor cost was calculated to be Rs 5000. The total cost of the project
was then calculated to be Rs 40,880.

9
With the limited amount of time available it was not possible to make a
test batch of biodiesel, but the cost of making biodiesel was still
calculated. The cost of methanol in India was found to be Rs 32/L [5]. The
cost of Lye (sodium hydroxide) was found to be Rs 160/kg [6]. The
following calculation uses the two values listed above. It also assumes
that the vegetable oil can be obtained at no cost from a local restaurant
as used deep fryer oil, and that 20L of glycerin is drained following the
titration process.

If we take used vegetable oil then cost comes to be

[ (40L x Rs 32/L) + (0.5kg x Rs 160/kg)] / [150L + 40L – 20L] = Rs 8/L

And if pure vegetable oil is used then the cost is

[(150L x Rs 24/L) + (40L x Rs 32/L) + (0.5kg x Rs 160/kg)] / [150L +
40L – 20L] = Rs 29.17/L

The previous calculation shows the cost of producing 1 L of biodiesel to be

Rs.29.17. The average price for petroleum diesel in India these days is
Rs.31.22/L [7].

Taking into consideration that we wont get 100% used vegetable oil, so
we will have to use mixture of these two. But whatever the situation is,
calculations clearly show that net cost is lesser than the present cost of
diesel.

6.0 CONCLUSIONS

Due to the tight schedule there was not enough time to make a test batch
of biodiesel. However, all of the individual components were tested and in
working order. When compared to purchasing petroleum diesel, making
biodiesel results in significant savings. Calculations show that the cost of
fabricating a biodiesel processor will be quickly offset by the savings
generated after making a few batches of biodiesel. Building a prototype
processor has also showed that there is much room for improvement in
both the design and fabrication processes. A slightly different design and
more time could result in a much more inexpensive processor.

Although it may be small, this biodiesel processor will make a contribution

towards reducing harmful emissions. Biodiesel results in significant
reductions of several harmful emissions such as sulphur, hydrocarbons
and carbon monoxide, when compared with petroleum diesel.

7.0 RECOMMENDATIONS
If this same project were to be undertaken again there are numerous
things that should be done differently. Making two nearly concentric tanks
and a cone to fit on the bottom was much more difficult and time
consuming than planned for. It is recommended that the tank design be
changed to a rectangular prism shape with a four-sided pyramid instead of

10
the cone for the bottom. This design does use more material, but it would
save several hours during the fabrication process.

One important modification that can be implemented is to make this

machine automated. By automated we mean that there should not be any
need of human labor in this, all we have to do is to put the raw material
and switch on the machine and rest of things are done of their own. This
can be achieved with certain increment in cost but if we look at aspects
like, losses due to human errors will be reduced, and ultimately pendulum
will shift toward benefit.

8.0 REFERENCES

[1] –B.I.O. Tour 2003, BIO Fuel Facts, Brett Baker

http://www.biotour.org/biodieselfacts.html (March 15, 2006)

http://www.biodieselcommunity.org/howitsmade/ (March 28, 2006)

http://www.utahbiodiesel.org/biodiesel_making.html (March 3, 2006)

[2] – Dr. Ajay Batish, Personnel Communication, Machine Shop Head,

Tharpar Institute of Engineering and Technology, India, (March 28, 2006)

[3] – The Physics Factbook, Density of Cooking Oil, Glenn Elert

http://hypertextbook.com/facts/2000/IngaDorfman.shtml (March 5, 2006)

[4] – Liquid Solar, Technical Properties of Vegetable Oil,

http://www.liquidsolar.org/research/oilgeneral.html (March 5, 2006)

[5] – Methanex, Methanol Price,

http://www.methanex.com/products/methanolprice.html , (April 4, 2006)

[6] – The Soap Saloon, Lye (Sodium Hydroxide),

http://www.soapsaloon.com, (April 4, 2006)

[7] – The Tribune, Petrol, Diesel Prices Hiked by over Rs 2, Manoj Kumar,

http://www.tribuneindia.com/2004/20041105/main1.htm (April 30, 2006)

11
APPENDIX A: – Biodiesel Making Process

12
APPENDIX B: List of materials
Pre batch (Chemicals):
• 150L of crude oil
• ~30L of Methanol (99+% pure)
• ~1Kg of Lye (96+% pure NaOH)

Work shop materials required:

Total Price
Material/Item Size/Specs Price/Unit (Rs) (Rs)
Angle Iron 1" x 10' 34-00 per kg 83
Square Tubing 1" x 40' 38-00 per kg 760
Pump 1 Hp 6400 per piece 6400
Pipe Nipples 1" x 6 20-00 per piece 120
Plumbing Tee Joint 1" x 4 25-00 per piece 100
Plumbing 90
Degree Joint x2 65-00 per piece 130
Ball Valves 1" x 5 200-00 per piece 1000
Heater 5Kw 650-00 per piece 650
PVC Braided Hose 1" x 15' 8-00 (per/foot) 120
Aluminum Paint 110-00 per ltr. 110
Timer 2450-00 2450
Insulation 250-00 250
3450-00 per sheet of size 8'
MS Sheet Metal 5mm x 3' 1725
1.5mm x 2.5 1700-00 per sheet of size 8'
sheets x 3' 4250
Round Bar 1" 34-00 per kg 116
Electrical Switches x5 200-00 1000
Round Pipe 1" 32-00 per kg 64
Rectangular
Tubing 1" x 2" x 12' 38-00 per kg 332
Primer, Paint 2L 80-00 per ltr. 160
M-Seal 3 Packs 20-00/pack 60
PVC Tank 50L Donated 0
Air Compressor 9000 per piece 9000
PH Meter 4500 per piece 4500
Control Box
Materials 2500 per piece 2500

Total Report 35880

13
 Appendix C

Description of Biodiesel:

Section 1 – Product Identification

Common Name: Biodiesel
Chemical Name: Fatty Acid Methyl Ester
Formula: C14-C24 Methyl Esters
Chemical Family: CAS No. 67784-80-9

Section 2 – Ingredients and Hazardous Classification

This product contains no hazardous materials.

Section 3 – Physical/Chemical Characteristics

Boiling Point: >400 F
Vapor Pressure (mm Hg): <5 mm Hg @ 72 F
Evaporation Rate: less than .005 versus (Butyl Acetate = 1)
Solubility in Water: insoluble
Appearance and Odor: light to dark yellow clear liquid / light musty odor

Section 4 - Fire and Explosion Hazard Data

Flash Point (method used): 321 F PMCC
Flammable Limits: N/A
Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, dry chemical, foam or carbon
dioxide.
Special Fire Fighting Procedures: Treat as oil fire.
Unusual Fire and Explosion hazards: Rags soaked with any solvent present
a
fire hazard and should be stored in an approved UL listed covered
container.

Section 5 – Reactivity Data

Reactivity: Stable
Conditions to Avoid: Not Known
Incompatibility (materials to avoid): Strong oxidizing agents
Hazardous Decomposition or By-products: Carbon monoxide, carbon
dioxide
Hazardous Polymerization: Will not occur

Section 6 – Health Hazard Data

Emergency First Aid Procedures:
Ingestion: Rinse mouth with water, contact physician
Eyes: Rinse with water 15 minutes, contact physician
Skin; Rinse with soap and water

Section 7 – Precautions for Safe handling and Use

Steps to be taken in case material is released or spilled:
Avoid uncontrolled releases. Contain spilled material. Transfer to secure
containers. Use absorbent material if necessary.
Disposal; Dispose of according to Federal, state and/or local regulations
Precautions to be Taken in Handling and Storing: Avoid open flames

14
Other Precautions: None

Section 8 – Control Measures

Respiratory Protection: None required
Ventilation: mechanical
Protective Gloves: Rubber
Eye Protection: Safety glasses / splash goggles
Other Protective Clothing or Equipment: None required

The information provided is believed to be accurate and represents the

best information currently available to us. However, we make no warranty
of merchantability, or suitability for an intended use, or any other
warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to such information, and we
assume no liability resulting from its use. Users should make their own
investigations to determine the suitability of the information for their
particular purposes.

15