Printed compact dual band antenna for 2.

4 and 5 GHz ISM band applications

S.H. Hwang, J.I. Moon, W.I. Kwak and S.O. Park
A printed compact dipole antenna for dual ISM band (2.44 and 5 GHz) is presented. The proposed antenna fed by using a 50 O coaxial line occupies a volume of 15 40 1 mm3 (FR-4, permittivity 4.6). The impedance bandwidth for 10 dB return loss is about 400 MHz (from 2170 to 2570 MHz) at 2.4 GHz band and over 2300 MHz (from 4690 to beyond 7000 MHz) at 5 GHz band. The measured radiation gains range from 1.20 to 1.41 dBi at 2.4 GHz band and from 2.25 to 3. 44 dBi at 5 GHz band, respectively.

F. In 5 GHz band, a folded arm from part A to part D behaves as a half wavelength monopole antenna, and forming a folded monopole arm does not change signicantly the current distribution on the half wavelength of antenna. However, these effects cause the overall induced current in part C and D to be in phase with the current at point B. The simulated and measured radiation patterns for the designed antenna at resonant frequencies of 2440 and 5800 MHz are plotted in Figs. 3 and 4, respectively. As shown in Figs. 3 and 4, the radiation patterns are omni-directional and very similar to those of the x-directed dipole antenna. The simulated and measured results agree well with each other at both the 2.4 and 5 GHz band. The maximum simulated and measured radiation gains are 1.95 and 1.41 dBi at 2.44 GHz and 3.24 and 3.44 dBi at 5.8 GHz, respectively.
2.4 GHz ISM band 0 5 GHz ISM band

Introduction: Recently, wireless communication devices have required smaller and more highly efcient components. In particular, the rapid development of wireless applications has promoted the antenna designed as a small ground plane for dual ISM band, 2.4 GHz (24002483 MHz) and 5 GHz (5150-5350=5725-5875 MHz), respectively. This Letter proposes the asymmetric printed dipole-type antenna with a small ground plane while retaining similar antenna performances to the conventional PIFA. Unbalanced current distribution of asymmetric dipole arms is usually excited on the ground plane, and its antenna performances are greatly inuenced by the size of the ground plane [1, 2]. The dipole arms of asymmetric length are designed to generate two resonant modes for operating at the 2.4 and 5 GHz bands. Since the asymmetric dipole arms, including a ground part, act as a primary source of radiation, the small ground plate strongly inuences the antenna performance including return loss, bandwidth, and radiation gain of operating frequencies [3]. The proposed printed dipole antenna is very suitable for integration with wireless local area network (WLAN) applications. Antenna design: Fig. 1 shows the geometry of the proposed antenna with printed dipole with different arm lengths. The geometrical parameters of the length and width of striplines are optimised in an attempt to achieve design goals at both the 2.4 and 5 GHz bands. The ground plane and dipole antenna are printed on the same plane. The conductor plane of the opposite side of the PCB is removed. An inner feed conductor of the coaxial cable is connected to part A of folded arm. The outer shielding ground of the coaxial cable is connected directly to part E of the ground plate. To achieve 2.4 GHz band resonant mode, the folded arm starting from the feeding point (part A) to the end point (part D) passing through part C is chosen to be 31 mm, which corresponds approximately to a quarter wavelength at the operating frequency of 2.4 GHz. Also, the folded conguration of part D is inherently to achieve broader bandwidth and a compact structure. A renement is obtained by forming a ground plane from part E to part F, the length of which is about 13 mm. It behaves electrically as approximately a quarter wavelength at the 5 GHz band. The small ground parts of E and F act also an important role to radiate in the 2.4 GHz band as well as the 5 GHz band. This means that the antenna would have good performance for real wireless communication devices which have only a small amount of space available at the ground part.
13 D 9 C B 5 23 15 40 feeding cable 4 1 2 A E 12 F 4 6 5

return loss, dB

-10

-20

-30 measured result simulated result -40 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 frequency, GHz

Fig. 2 Measured and simulated return losses of proposed antenna

x
units: mm

Fig. 1 Geometry of proposed antenna

Result: Computed and measured return loss data against frequency are compared in Fig. 2. The simulation result was obtained from an Ansoft HFSS. The return loss in Fig. 2 shows that the proposed antenna can operate to cover enough bandwidth at both 2.4 and 5 GHz resonant frequency bands. The dominant current distribution occurred at part A to D, which has an electrically-active quarter wavelength length at 2.4 GHz band, and the induced current occurred also at part E to

Fig. 3 Measured and simulated radiation patterns at 2440 MHz

measured result simulated result a x-y plane (Ef) b y-z plane (Ef) c x-z plane (Ey)

ELECTRONICS LETTERS 9th December 2004 Vol. 40 No. 25

Conclusion: A printed and compact dual band antenna has been proposed and implemented. The proposed antenna indicates not only a broad impedance bandwidth but also a good radiation performance in spite of the small volume of 15 40 1 mm3 (FR-4). These characteristics are very attractive for 2.4 and 5 GHz dual ISM band applications. Acknowledgment: This work was supported by the National Research Lab. (NRL) of the Ministry of Science and Technology, Korea, under contract no. M1-0203-0015. # IEE 2004 Electronics Letters online no: 20046579 doi: 10.1049/el:20046579 27 August 2004

S.H. Hwang, J.I. Moon, W.I. Kwak and S.O. Park (School of Engineering, Information and Communications University, Daejeon, Korea) E-mail: hwangsh@icu.ac.kr References
1 2 3 Lin, C.-C., Lee, G.-Y., and Wong, K.-L.: Surface-mount dual-loop antenna for 2.4=5 GHz WLAN operation, Electron. Lett., 2003, 39, (18), pp. 13021304 Moon, J.-I., Sim, D.-U., and Park, S.-O.: Compact PIFA for 2.4=5 GHz dual ISM-band application, Electron. Lett., 2004, 40, (14), pp. 844845 Huynh, M.-C., and Stutzman, W.: Ground plane effects on planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) performance, IEE Proc., Microw. Antennas Propag., 2003, 150, (4), pp. 209213

Fig. 4 Measured and simulated radiation patterns at 5800 MHz

measured result simulated result a x-y plane (Ef) b y-z plane (Ef) c x-z plane (Ey)

ELECTRONICS LETTERS 9th December 2004 Vol. 40 No. 25