Fixed Point Theory and Applications

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Quadruple fixed point theorems in partially ordered metric spaces with mixed g-monotone property
Fixed Point Theory and Applications 2013, 2013:147 doi:10.1186/1687-1812-2013-147

Xiao-lan Liu (stellalwp@163.com)

ISSN Article type Submission date Acceptance date Publication date Article URL

1687-1812 Research 31 October 2012 20 May 2013 5 June 2013

http://www.fixedpointtheoryandapplications.com/content/2013/1/147

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2013 Liu This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Quadruple xed point theorems in partially ordered metric spaces with mixed g-monotone property
Xiao-lan Liu
School of Science, Sichuan University of science and Engineering, Zigong, Sichuan 643000, China

Abstract We prove quadruple xed point theorems in partially ordered metric spaces with mixed g-monotone property. Also, we state some examples to show that our results are real generalization of known ones in quadruple xed point theory.

Key words. quadruple coincidence point; quadruple common xed point; ordered metric spaces; mixed g-monotone property AMS subject classications. 46T99; 54H25; 47H10; 54E50.

1.

Introduction

In 1987, the notion of coupled xed point was introduced by Guo and Lakshmikantham [1]. Later, Gnana-Bhaskar and Lakshmikantham [2] introduced the concept of mixed monotone property for contractive operators of the form F : X X , where X is a partially ordered metric space, and then established some coupled xed point theorems. They also illustrated these results by proving the existence and uniqueness of the solution for a periodic boundary iri value problem. Recently, Lakshmikantham and C c in [3] dened a g-monotone property and proved coupled coincidence and coupled common xed point results for nonlinear mappings satisfying certain contractive conditions in partially ordered metric spaces. They also proved related xed point theorems. Many authors focused on coupled xed point theory and proved remarkable results (see [4]-[17]). Very recently, Berinde and Borcut [18] introduced the concept of triple xed point and proved some tripled point theorems by virtue of mixed monotone mappings. Their contributions generalize and extend Gnana-Bhaskar and Lakshmikanthams research for nonlinear mappings. The notion of xed point of order N 3 was rst introduced by Samet and Vetro [20]. Karapinar used the concept of quadruple xed point and proved some xed point theorems on the topic [21]. Following this study, a quadruple xed point is developed and some related xed point theorems are obtained in [22]-[25]. Recently, Karapinar et al. [26] have proved a number of quadruple xed point theorems under -contractive conditions for a mapping F : X 4 X in ordered metric spaces.
This

work is partially supported by the Scientic Research Fund of Sichuan Provincial Education Depart-

ment(12ZA098), Scientic Research Fund of Sichuan University of Science and Engineering (2012KY08). Corresponding author: Xiao-lan Liu e-mail: stellalwp@163.com

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Let us recall some basic denitions from [22]. Denition 1.1. (See [22]) Let X be a nonempty set and let F : X 4 X be a given mapping. An element (x, y, z, w) X X X X is called a quadruple xed point of F if F (x, y, z, w) = x, F (y, z, w, x) = y, F (z, w, x, y ) = z, and F (w, x, y, z ) = w.

: X 4 X , given by Let (X, d) be a metric space. The mapping d ((x, y, z, w), (u, v, h, l)) = d(x, y ) + d(y, v ) + d(z, h) + d(w, l), d denes a metric on X 4 , which will be denoted for convenience by d. Denition 1.2. (See [22]) Let (X, ) be a partially ordered set and let F : X 4 X be a mapping. We say that F has the mixed monotone property if F (x, y, z, w) is monotone nondecreasing in x and z and is monotone non-increasing in y and w; that is, for any x, y, z, w X, x1 , x2 X, y1 , y2 X, z1 , z2 X, and x1 x2 , y1 y 2 , z1 z2 , implies implies implies F (x1 , y, z, w) F (x2 , y, z, w), F (x, y2 , z, w) F (x, y1 , z, w), F (x, y, z1 , w) F (x, y, z2 , w), F (x, y, z, w2 ) F (x, y, z, w1 ).

w1 , w2 X,

w1 w2 ,

implies

In this article, we establish some quadruple coincidence and common xed point theorems for F : X 4 X and g : X X satisfying nonlinear contractions in partially ordered metric spaces. Also, some examples are given to support our results.

2.

Preliminary

We start this section with the following denitions. Denition 2.1. Let (X, ) be a partially ordered set. Let F : X 4 X and g : X X . The mapping F is said to have the mixed g -monotone property if for any x, y, z, w X , x1 , x2 X, y1 , y2 X, z1 , z2 X, and gx1 gx2 F (x1 , y, z, w) F (x2 , y, z, w), gy1 gy2 F (x, y1 , z, w) F (x, y2 , z, w), gz1 gz2 F (x, y, z1 , w) F (x, y, z2 , w), gw1 gw2 F (x, y, z, w1 ) F (x, y, z, w2 ).

w1 , w2 X,

Denition 2.2. Let F : X 4 X and g : X X . An element (x, y, z, w) is called a quadruple coincidence point of F and g if F (x, y, z, w) = gx, F (y, z, w, x) = gy, F (z, w, x, y ) = gz, and F (w, x, y, z ) = gw.

Denition 2.3. Let F : X 4 X and g : X X . An element (x, y, z, w) is called a quadruple common xed point of F and g if F (x, y, z, w) = gx = x, F (y, z, w, x) = gy = y, 2 F (z, w, x, y ) = gz = z, and F (w, x, y, z ) = gw = w.

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Denition 2.4. Let X be a nonempty set. Then we say that the mappings F : X X and g : X X are commutative if for all x, y, z, w X , g (F (x, y, z, w)) = F (gx, gy, gz, gw). Let denote all the functions : [0, ) [0, ) which satisfy that limtr (t) > 0 for all r > 0 and limt0+ (t) = 0. Let denote all the functions : [0, ) [0, ) which satisfy (i) (t) = 0 if and only if t = 0, (ii) is continuous and nondecreasing, (iii) (s + t) (s) + (t), s, t [0, ). Examples of typical functions and are given in [4]. The aim of this paper is to prove the following theorem.

3.

Main results

Now, we present the main results of this paper. Theorem 3.1. Let (X, ) be a partially ordered set and suppose there is a metric d on X such that (X, d) is a complete metric space. Suppose that F : X 4 X and g : X X are such that F is continuous and has the mixed g -monotone property. Assume also that there exist and such that (d(F (x, y, z, w), F (u, v, , h, l))) 1 (d(gx, gu) + d(gy, gv ) + d(gz, gh) + d(gw, gl)) 4 (d(gx, gu) + d(gy, gv ) + d(gz, gh) + d(gw, gl)) (1)

for any x, y, z, w, u, v, h, l X , for which gx gu, gv gy , gz gh, and gl gw. Suppose that F (X 4 ) g (X ), g is continuous and commutes with F . If there exist x0 , y0 , z0 , w0 X such that gx0 F (x0 , y0 , z0 , w0 ), gz0 F (z0 , w0 , x0 , y0 ), then there exist x, y, z, w X such that F (x, y, z, w) = gx, F (y, z, w, x) = gy, F (z, w, x, y ) = gz, and F (w, x, y, z ) = gw, gy0 F (y0 , z0 , w0 , x0 ), gw0 F (w0 , x0 , y0 , z0 ),

and

that is, F and g have a quadruple coincidence point. Proof. Let x0 , y0 , z0 , w0 X such that gx0 F (x0 , y0 , z0 , w0 ), gz0 F (z0 , w0 , x0 , y0 ), gy0 F (y0 , z0 , w0 , x0 ), gw0 F (w0 , x0 , y0 , z0 ).

Since F (X 4 ) g (X ), then we can choose x1 , y1 , z1 , w1 X such that gx1 = F (x0 , y0 , z0 , w0 ), gz1 = F (z0 , w0 , x0 , y0 ), gy1 = F (y0 , z0 , w0 , x0 ), gw1 = F (w0 , x0 , y0 , z0 ). 3 (2)

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Taking into account F (X ) g (X ), by continuing this process, we can construct sequences {xn }, {yn }, {zn }, and {wn } in X such that gxn+1 = F (xn , yn , zn , wn ), gzn+1 = F (zn , wn , xn , yn ), We shall show that gxn gxn+1 , gyn+1 gyn , gzn gzn+1 , and gwn+1 gwn for n = 0, 1, 2, ... (4) gyn+1 = F (yn , zn , wn , xn ), gwn+1 = F (wn , xn , yn , zn ). (3)

For this purpose, we use the mathematical induction. Since gx0 F (x0 , y0 , z0 , w0 ), gy0 F (y0 , z0 , w0 , x0 ), gz0 F (z0 , w0 , x0 , y0 ), and gw0 F (w0 , x0 , y0 , z0 ), then by (2), we get gx0 gx1 , gy1 gy0 , gz0 gz1 , and gw1 gw0 ,

that is, (4) holds for n = 0. We presume that (4) holds for some n > 0. As F has the mixed g -monotone property and gxn gxn+1 , gyn+1 gyn , gzn gzn+1 , and gwn+1 gwn , we obtain gxn+1 = F (xn , yn , zn , wn ) F (xn+1 , yn , zn , wn ) F (xn+1 , yn , zn+1 , wn ) F (xn+1 , yn+1 , zn+1 , wn ) F (xn+1 , yn+1 , zn+1 , wn+1 ) = gxn+2 , gyn+2 = F (yn+1 , zn+1 , wn+1 , xn+1 ) F (yn+1 , zn , wn+1 , xn+1 ) F (yn , zn , wn+1 , xn+1 ) F (yn , zn , wn , xn+1 ) F (yn , zn , wn , xn ) = gyn+1 , gzn+1 = F (zn , wn , xn , yn ) F (zn+1 , wn , xn , yn ) F (zn+1 , wn , xn , yn+1 ) F (zn+1 , wn , xn+1 , yn+1 ) F (zn+1 , wn+1 , xn+1 , yn+1 ) = gzn+2 , gwn+2 = F (wn+1 , xn+1 , yn+1 , zn+1 ) F (wn+1 , xn , yn+1 , zn+1 ) F (wn , xn , yn+1 , zn+1 ) F (wn , xn , yn , zn+1 ) F (wn , xn , yn , zn ) = gwn+1 . Thus, (4) holds for any n N . Assume, for some n N , that gxn = gxn+1 , gyn = gyn+1 , gzn = gzn+1 , and gwn = gwn+1 ,

then, by (3), (xn , yn , zn , wn ) is a quadruple coincidence point of F and g . From now on, assume for any n N that at least gxn = gxn+1 gwn+1 . Due to (1)-(4), we have (d(gxn+1 , gxn+2 )) = (d(F (xn , yn , zn , wn ), F (xn+1 , yn+1 , zn+1 , wn+1 ))), 1 (d(gxn , gxn+1 ) + d(gyn , gyn+1 ) + d(gzn , gzn+1 ) + d(gwn , gwn+1 )), 4 (d(gxn , gxn+1 ) + d(gyn , gyn+1 ) + d(gzn , gzn+1 ) +d(gwn , gwn+1 )), 4 (5) or gyn = gyn+1 , or gzn = gzn+1 , or gwn =

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(d(gyn+1 , gyn+2 ))

(d(F (yn , zn , wn , xn ), F (yn+1 , zn+1 , wn+1 , xn+1 ))), 1 (d(gyn , gyn+1 ) + d(gzn , gzn+1 ) + d(gwn , gwn+1 ) + d(gxn , gxn+1 )), 4 (d(gyn , gyn+1 ) + d(gzn , gzn+1 ) + d(gwn , gwn+1 ) +d(gxn , gxn+1 )), (6)

(d(gzn+1 , gzn+2 ))

(d(F (zn , wn , xn , yn ), F (zn+1 , wn+1 , xn+1 , yn+1 ))), 1 (d(gzn , gzn+1 ) + d(gwn , gwn+1 ) + d(gxn , gxn+1 ) + d(gyn , gyn+1 )), 4 (d(gzn , gzn+1 ) + d(gwn , gwn+1 ) + d(gxn , gxn+1 ) +d(gyn , gyn+1 )), (7)

(d(gwn+1 , gwn+2 ))

(d(F (wn , xn , yn , zn ), F (wn+1 , xn+1 , yn+1 , zn+1 ))), 1 (d(gwn , gwn+1 ) + d(gxn , gxn+1 ) + d(gyn , gyn+1 ) + d(gzn , gzn+1 )), 4 (d(gwn , gwn+1 ) + d(gxn , gxn+1 ) + d(gyn , gyn+1 ) +d(gzn , gzn+1 )). (8)

Due to (5)-(8), we conclude that (d(gxn+1 , gxn+2 )) + (d(gyn+1 , gyn+2 )) + (d(gzn+1 , gzn+2 )) + (d(wn+1 , wn+2 )) (d(gzn , gzn+1 ) + d(gwn , gwn+1 ) + d(gxn , gxn+1 ) + d(gyn , gyn+1 )) 4(d(gzn , gzn+1 ) + d(gwn , gwn+1 ) + d(gxn , gxn+1 ) + d(gyn , gyn+1 )). From the property (iii) of , we have (d(gxn+1 , gxn+2 )) + d(gyn+1 , gyn+2 ) + d(gzn+1 , gzn+2 ) + d(gwn+1 , gwn+2 ) (d(gxn+1 , gxn+2 )) + (d(gyn+1 , gyn+2 )) + (d(gzn+1 , gzn+2 )) + (d(gwn+1 , gwn+2 )). Combining with (9) and (10), we get that (d(gxn+1 , gxn+2 )) + d(gyn+1 , gyn+2 ) + d(gzn+1 , gzn+2 ) + d(gwn+1 , gwn+2 ) (d(gzn , gzn+1 ) + d(gwn , gwn+1 ) + d(gxn , gxn+1 ) + d(gyn , gyn+1 )) 4(d(gzn , gzn+1 ) + d(gwn , gwn+1 ) + d(gxn , gxn+1 ) + d(gyn , gyn+1 )). Set n = d(gxn , gxn1 )) + d(gyn , gyn1 ) + d(gzn , gzn1 ) + d(gwn , gwn1 ). Then we have (n+2 ) (n+1 ) 4(n+1 ) which yields that (n+2 ) (n+1 ) for all n. for all n, (12) (11) (10) (9)

Since is nondecreasing, we get that n+2 n+1 for all n. Hence {n } is a non-increasing sequence. Since it is bounded below from 0, there is some 0 such that
n

lim n = .

(13)

We shall show that = 0. Suppose, on the contrary, that > 0. 5

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Letting n in (12) and having in mind that we suppose that lim (t) > 0 for all r > 0 and lim (t) = 0, we have
t0+

( ) ( ) 4( ) < ( ),

(14)

which is a contraction. Thus, = 0, that is,

n

lim n = lim [d(gxn , gxn1 )) + d(gyn , gyn1 ) + d(gzn , gzn1 ) + d(gwn , gwn1 )] = 0.
n

(15)

Now, we shall show that {gxn }, {gyn }, {gzn }, and {gwn } are Cauchy sequences in the metric space (X, d). Assume the contrary, that is, one of the sequences {gxn }, {gyn }, {gzn } or {gwn } is not a Cauchy sequence, that is,
n,m

lim d(gxm , gxn ) = 0, lim d(gzm , gzn ) = 0,

or or

n,m

lim d(gym , gyn ) = 0 lim d(gwm , gwn ) = 0.

or

n,m

n,m

This means that there exists n(k ) m(k ) k such that

> 0, for which we can nd subsequences {xn(k) }, {xm(k) } of

xn and {yn(k) }, {ym(k) } of yn and {zn(k) }, {zm(k) } of zn and {wn(k) }, {wm(k) } of wn with

d(gxm(k) , gxn(k) )) + d(gym(k) , gyn(k) ) + d(gzm(k) , gzn(k) ) + d(gwm(k) , gwn(k) ) .

(16)

In addition, by virtue of m(k ), we can choose n(k ) in such a way that it is the smallest integer with n(k ) > m(k ) k and satisfying (16). It follows that d(gxm(k) , gxn(k)1 ))+ d(gym(k) , gyn(k)1 )+ d(gzm(k) , gzn(k)1 )+ d(gwm(k) , gwn(k)1 ) < . (17) By use of the triangle inequality, we have d(gxm(k) , gxn(k) )) d(gxm(k) , gxn(k)1 )) + d(gxn(k)1 , gxn(k) )). Similarly, we get that d(gym(k) , gyn(k) )) d(gym(k) , gyn(k)1 )) + d(gyn(k)1 , gyn(k) )) d(gzm(k) , gzn(k) )) d(gzm(k) , gzn(k)1 )) + d(gzn(k)1 , gzn(k) )) d(gwm(k) , gwn(k) )) d(gwm(k) , gwn(k)1 )) + d(gwn(k)1 , gwn(k) )). Adding both sides to (18), (19), (20), (21) and using (16) and (17), we have that d(gxm(k) , gxn(k) )) + d(gym(k) , gyn(k) ) + d(gzm(k) , gzn(k) ) + d(gwm(k) , gwn(k) ) d(gxm(k) , gxn(k)1 )) + d(gxn(k)1 , gxn(k) )) + d(gym(k) , gyn(k)1 ) + d(gyn(k)1 , gyn(k) )) + d(gzm(k) , gzn(k)1 ) + d(gzn(k)1 , gzn(k) )) + d(gwm(k) , gwn(k)1 ) + d(gwn(k)1 , gwn(k) )) + d(gxn(k)1 , gxn(k) )) + d(gyn(k)1 , gyn(k) )) + d(gzn(k)1 , gzn(k) )) + d(gwn(k)1 , gwn(k) )). Letting k and by use of (15), we get
k

(18)

(19) (20) (21)

lim k = lim [d(gxm(k) , gxn(k) ))+d(gym(k) , gyn(k) )+d(gzm(k) , gzn(k) )+d(gwm(k) , gwn(k) )] = .
k

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Again, by the triangle inequality, we have k = d(gxm(k) , gxn(k) ) + d(gym(k) , gyn(k) ) + d(gzm(k) , gzn(k) ) + d(gwm(k) , gwn(k) ), d(gxm(k) , gxm(k)+1 ) + d(gxm(k)+1 , gxn(k)+1 ) + d(gxn(k)+1 , gxn(k) ) +d(gym(k) , gym(k)+1 ) + d(gym(k)+1 , gyn(k)+1 ) + d(gyn(k)+1 , gyn(k) ) +d(gzm(k) , gzm(k)+1 ) + d(gzm(k)+1 , gzn(k)+1 ) + d(gzn(k)+1 , gzn(k) ) +d(gwm(k) , gwm(k)+1 ) + d(gwm(k)+1 , gwn(k)+1 ) + d(gwn(k)+1 , gwn(k) ) m(k)+1 + n(k)+1 + d(gxm(k)+1 , gxn(k)+1 ) +d(gym(k)+1 , gyn(k)+1 ) + d(gzm(k)+1 , gzn(k)+1 ) + d(gwm(k)+1 , gwn(k)+1 ). Since n(k ) m(k ), then gxm(k) gxn(k) ), gzm(k) gzn(k) ), Hence from (1), (3), and (22), we get that (d(gxm(k)+1 , gxn(k)+1 )) = (d(F (xm(k) , ym(k) , zm(k) , wm(k) ), F (xn(k) , yn(k) , zn(k) , wn(k) ))), 1 (d(gxm(k) , gxn(k) ) + d(gym(k) , gyn(k) ) + d(gzm(k) , gzn(k) ) 4 +d(gwm(k) , gwn(k) )) (d(gxm(k) , gxn(k) ) + d(gym(k) , gyn(k) ) +d(gzm(k) , gzn(k) ) + d(gwm(k) , gwn(k) )), (24) gym(k) gyn(k) ), gwm(k) gwn(k) ). (23) (22)

(d(gym(k)+1 , gyn(k)+1 ))

(d(F (ym(k) , zm(k) , wm(k) , xm(k) ), F (yn(k) , zn(k) , wn(k) , xn(k) ))), 1 (d(gym(k) , gyn(k) ) + d(gzm(k) , gzn(k) ) + d(gwm(k) , gwn(k) )) 4 +d(gxm(k) , gxn(k) ) (+d(gym(k) , gyn(k) ) + d(gzm(k) , gzn(k) ) +d(gwm(k) , gwn(k) ) + d(gxm(k) , gxn(k) )), (25)

(d(gzm(k)+1 , gzn(k)+1 ))

(d(F (zm(k) , wm(k) , xm(k) , ym(k) ), F (zn(k) , wn(k) , xn(k) , yn(k) ))), 1 (d(gzm(k) , gzn(k) ) + d(gwm(k) , gwn(k) ) + d(gxm(k) , gxn(k) ) 4 +d(gym(k) , gyn(k) )) (d(gzm(k) , gzn(k) ) + d(gwm(k) , gwn(k) ) +d(gxm(k) , gxn(k) ) + d(gym(k) , gyn(k) )), (26)

(d(gwm(k)+1 , gwn(k)+1 ))

(d(F (wm(k) , xm(k) , ym(k) , zm(k) ), F (wn(k) , xn(k) , yn(k) , zn(k) ))), 1 (d(gwm(k) , gwn(k) ) + d(gxm(k) , gxn(k) ) + d(gym(k) , gyn(k) ) 4 d(gzm(k) , gzn(k) )) (d(gwm(k) , gwn(k) ) + d(gxm(k) , gxn(k) ) +d(gym(k) , gyn(k) ) + d(gzm(k) , gzn(k) )). (27)

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Combining (22) and (24)-(27), we have that (k ) (m(k)+1 + n(k)+1 + d(gxm(k)+1 , gxn(k)+1 ) + +d(gym(k)+1 , gyn(k)+1 ) +d(gzm(k)+1 , gzn(k)+1 ) + d(gwm(k)+1 , gwn(k)+1 )) (m(k)+1 + n(k)+1 ) + (d(gxm(k)+1 , gxn(k)+1 ) + +d(gym(k)+1 , gyn(k)+1 ) +d(gzm(k)+1 , gzn(k)+1 ) + d(gwm(k)+1 , gwn(k)+1 ))) (m(k)+1 ) + (n(k)+1 ) + (d(gxm(k)+1 , gxn(k)+1 )) + (d(gym(k)+1 , gyn(k)+1 )) + (d(gzm(k)+1 , gzn(k)+1 )) + (d(gwm(k)+1 , gwn(k)+1 )) (m(k)+1 ) + (n(k)+1 ) + (k ) 4(k ).

Letting k , we get a contradiction. This shows that {gxn }, {gyn }, {gzn }, and {gwn } are Cauchy sequences in the metric space (X, d). Since (X, d) is complete, there exist x, y , z , w X such that
n

lim gxn = x,

lim gyn = y,

lim gzn = z,

and

lim gwn = w.

(28)

From (28) and the continuity of g , we have

n

lim g (gxn ) = gx,

lim g (gyn ) = gy,

lim g (gzn ) = gz,

and

lim g (gwn ) = gw. (29)

It follows from (3) and the commutativity of F and g that g (gxn+1 ) = g (F (xn , yn , zn , wn )) = F (gxn , gyn , gzn , gwn ) g (gyn+1 ) = g (F (yn , zn , wn , xn )) = F (gyn , gzn , gwn , gxn ) g (gzn+1 ) = g (F (zn , wn , xn , yn )) = F (gzn , gwn , gxn , gyn ) g (gwn+1 ) = g (F (wn , xn , yn , zn )) = F (gwn , gxn , gyn , gzn ). (30) (31) (32) (33)

Now we shall show that gx = F (x, y, z, w), gy = F (y, z, w, x), gz = F (z, w, x, y ), gw = F (w, x, y, z ). By letting n in (30)-(33), by (28), (29), and the continuity of F , we obtain gx = = =
n

lim g (gxn+1 ) = lim F (gxn , gyn , gzn , gwn )

n n n n n

F ( lim gxn , lim gyn , lim gzn , lim gwn ) F (x, y, z, w), (34)

gy

= = =

lim g (gyn+1 ) = lim F (gyn , gzn , gwn , gxn )

n n n n n

F ( lim gyn , lim gzn , lim gwn , lim gxn ) F (y, z, w, x), (35)

gz

= = =

lim g (gzn+1 ) = lim F (gzn , gwn , gxn , gyn )

n n n n n

F ( lim gzn , lim gwn , lim gxn , lim gyn ) F (z, w, x, y ), (36)

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gw

= = =

lim g (gwn+1 ) = lim F (gwn , gxn , gyn , gzn )

n n n n n

F ( lim gwn , lim gxn , lim gyn , lim gzn ) F (w, x, y, z ). (37)

We have shown that F and g have a quadruple coincidence point. In the following theorem, the continuity of F is removed. We state the following denition. Denition 3.1. Let (X, ) be a partially ordered metric space and d be a metric on X . We say that (X, d, ) is regular if the following conditions hold: (i) if a nondecreasing sequence an a, then an a for all n, (ii) if a non-increasing sequence bn b, then b bn for all n. Theorem 3.2. Let (X, ) be a partially ordered set and suppose there is a metric d on X such that (X, d, ) is regular. Suppose that F : X 4 X and g : X X are such that F has the mixed g -monotone property. Assume also that there exist and such that (d(F (x, y, z, w), F (u, v, , h, l))) 1 (d(gx, gu) + d(gy, gv ) + d(gz, gh) + d(gw, gl)) 4 (d(gx, gu) + d(gy, gv ) + d(gz, gh) + d(gw, gl))

for any x, y, z, w, u, v, h, l X , for which gx gu, gv gy , gz gh, and gl gw. Suppose that F (X 4 ) g (X ), (g (X ), d) is a complete metric space. If there exist x0 , y0 , z0 , w0 X such that gx0 F (x0 , y0 , z0 , w0 ), gz0 F (z0 , w0 , x0 , y0 ), then there exist x, y, z, w X such that F (x, y, z, w) = gx, F (y, z, w, x) = gy, F (z, w, x, y ) = gz, and F (w, x, y, z ) = gw, gy0 F (y0 , z0 , w0 , x0 ), gw0 F (w0 , x0 , y0 , z0 ),

that is, F and g have a quadruple coincidence point. Proof. Proceeding exactly as in Theorem 3.1, we have that {gxn }, {gyn }, {gzn }, and {gwn } are Cauchy sequences in the complete metric space (g (X ), d). Then there exist x, y, z, w X such that gxn gx, gyn gy, gzn gz, and gwn gw. (38) Since {gxn }, {gzn } are nondecreasing and {gyn }, {gwn } are non-increasing, then since (X, d, ) is regular, we get that gxn gx, gyn gy, gzn gz, and gwn gw

for all n. If gxn = gx, gyn = gy , gzn = gz , and gwn = gw for some n > 0, then gx = gxn gxn+1 gx = gxn , gy gyn+1 gyn = gy , gz = gzn gzn+1 gz = gzn , and gw gwn+1 gwn = gw, which implies that gxn = gxn+1 = F (xn , yn , zn , wn ), 9 gyn = gyn+1 = F (yn , zn , wn , xn ),

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and

gzn = gzn+1 = F (zn , wn , xn , yn ),

gwn = gwn+1 = F (wn , xn , yn , zn ),

that is, (xn , yn , zn , wn ) is a quadruple coincidence point of F and g . Then, we suppose that (gxn , gyn , gzn , gwn ) = (gx, gy, gz, gw ) for all n > 0. By use of (1), consider now (d(gx, F (x, y, z, w))) (d(gx, gxn+1 ) + d(gxn+1 , F (x, y, z, w))), (d(gx, gxn+1 )) + (d(F (xn , yn , zn , wn ), F (x, y, z, w))), 1 (d(gx, gxn+1 )) + (d(gxn , gx) + d(gyn , gy ) + d(gzn , gz ) + d(gwn , gw)), 4 (d(gxn , gx) + d(gyn , gy ) + d(gzn , gz ) + d(gwn , gw)). (39) Letting n and by (38), then the right-hand side of (39) tends to 0, thus (d(gx, F (x, y, z, w))) = 0. By the property (i) of , we have d(gx, F (x, y, z, w)) = 0. It follows that gx = F (x, y, z, w). Similarly, we can show that gy = F (y, z, w, x), gz = F (z, w, x, y ), gw = F (w, x, y, z ). =

Therefore, we have proved that F and g have a quadruple coincidence point. Corollary 3.1. Let (X, ) be a partially ordered set and suppose there is a metric d on X such that (X, d) is a complete metric space. Suppose that F : X 4 X and g : X X are such that F is continuous and has the mixed g -monotone property. Assume also that there exist and such that (d(F (x, y, z, w), F (u, v, , h, l))) 1 (max{d(gx, gu), d(gy, gv ), d(gz, gh), d(gw, gl)}) 4 (d(gx, gu) + d(gy, gv ) + d(gz, gh) + d(gw, gl))

for any x, y, z, w, u, v, h, l X , for which gx gu, gv gy , gz gh, and gl gw. Suppose that F (X 4 ) g (X ), g is continuous and commutes with F . If there exist x0 , y0 , z0 , w0 X such that gx0 F (x0 , y0 , z0 , w0 ), gz0 F (z0 , w0 , x0 , y0 ), then there exist x, y, z, w X such that F (x, y, z, w) = gx, F (y, z, w, x) = gy, F (z, w, x, y ) = gz, and F (w, x, y, z ) = gw, gy0 F (y0 , z0 , w0 , x0 ), gw0 F (w0 , x0 , y0 , z0 ),

that is, F and g have a quadruple coincidence point. Proof. Since max{d(gx, gu), d(gy, gv ), d(gz, gh), d(gw, gl)} d(gx, gu) + d(gy, gv ) + d(gz, gh) + d(gw, gl), then we apply Theorem 3.1, since is assumed to be nondecreasing. Similarly, as an easy consequence of Theorem 3.2, we have the following corollary. Corollary 3.2. Let (X, ) be a partially ordered set and suppose there is a metric d on X such that (X, d, ) is regular. Suppose that F : X 4 X and g : X X are such that F has the mixed g -monotone property. Assume also that there exist and such that (d(F (x, y, z, w), F (u, v, , h, l))) 1 (max{d(gx, gu), d(gy, gv ), d(gz, gh), d(gw, gl)}) 4 (d(gx, gu) + d(gy, gv ) + d(gz, gh) + d(gw, gl)) 10

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for any x, y, z, w, u, v, h, l X , for which gx gu, gv gy , gz gh, and gl gw. Suppose that F (X 4 ) g (X ), (g (X ), d) is a complete metric space. If there exist x0 , y0 , z0 , w0 X such that gx0 F (x0 , y0 , z0 , w0 ), gz0 F (z0 , w0 , x0 , y0 ), then there exist x, y, z, w X such that F (x, y, z, w) = gx, F (y, z, w, x) = gy, F (z, w, x, y ) = gz, and F (w, x, y, z ) = gw, gy0 F (y0 , z0 , w0 , x0 ), gw0 F (w0 , x0 , y0 , z0 ),

that is, F and g have a quadruple coincidence point. Corollary 3.3. Let (X, ) be a partially ordered set and suppose there is a metric d on X such that (X, d) is a complete metric space. Suppose that F : X 4 X and g : X X are such that F is continuous and has the mixed g -monotone property. Assume also that there exists k [0, 1) such that d(F (x, y, z, w), F (u, v, , h, l)) k (d(gx, gu) + d(gy, gv ) + d(gz, gh) + d(gw, gl)) 4

for any x, y, z, w, u, v, h, l X , for which gx gu, gv gy , gz gh, and gl gw. Suppose that F (X 4 ) g (X ), g is continuous and commutes with F . If there exist x0 , y0 , z0 , w0 X such that gx0 F (x0 , y0 , z0 , w0 ), gz0 F (z0 , w0 , x0 , y0 ), then there exist x, y, z, w X such that F (x, y, z, w) = gx, F (y, z, w, x) = gy, F (z, w, x, y ) = gz, and F (w, x, y, z ) = gw gy0 F (y0 , z0 , w0 , x0 ), gw0 F (w0 , x0 , y0 , z0 ),

that is, F and g have a quadruple coincidence point. Proof. It is sucient to set (t) = t and (t) =
1k 4 t

in Theorem 3.1.

Corollary 3.4. Let (X, ) be a partially ordered set and suppose there is a metric d on X such that (X, d, ) is regular. Suppose that F : X 4 X and g : X X are such that F has the mixed g -monotone property. Assume also that there exists k [0, 1) such that d(F (x, y, z, w), F (u, v, , h, l)) k (d(gx, gu) + d(gy, gv ) + d(gz, gh) + d(gw, gl)) 4

for any x, y, z, w, u, v, h, l X , for which gx gu, gv gy , gz gh, and gl gw. Suppose that F (X 4 ) g (X ), (g (X ), d) is a complete metric space. If there exist x0 , y0 , z0 , w0 X such that gx0 F (x0 , y0 , z0 , w0 ), gz0 F (z0 , w0 , x0 , y0 ), then there exist x, y, z, w X such that F (x, y, z, w) = gx, F (y, z, w, x) = gy, F (z, w, x, y ) = gz, and F (w, x, y, z ) = gw, gy0 F (y0 , z0 , w0 , x0 ), gw0 F (w0 , x0 , y0 , z0 ),

that is, F and g have a quadruple coincidence point. 11

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Proof. It is sucient to set (t) = t and (t) =

in Theorem 3.2.

Corollary 3.5. Let (X, ) be a partially ordered set and suppose there is a metric d on X such that (X, d) is a complete metric space. Suppose that F : X 4 X and g : X X are such that F is continuous and has the mixed g -monotone property. Assume also that there exists k [0, 1) such that d(F (x, y, z, w), F (u, v, h, l)) k (max{d(gx, gu), d(gy, gv ), d(gz, gh), d(gw, gl)}) 4

for any x, y, z, w, u, v, h, l X , for which gx gu, gv gy , gz gh, and gl gw. Suppose that F (X 4 ) g (X ), g is continuous and commutes with F . If there exist x0 , y0 , z0 , w0 X such that gx0 F (x0 , y0 , z0 , w0 ), gz0 F (z0 , w0 , x0 , y0 ), then there exist x, y, z, w X such that F (x, y, z, w) = gx, F (y, z, w, x) = gy, F (z, w, x, y ) = gz, and F (w, x, y, z ) = gw, gy0 F (y0 , z0 , w0 , x0 ), gw0 F (w0 , x0 , y0 , z0 ),

that is, F and g have a quadruple coincidence point. Proof. It suces to remark that max{d(gx, gu), d(gy, gv ), d(gz, gh), d(gw, gl)} d(gx, gu) + d(gy, gv ) + d(gz, gh) + d(gw, gl). Then we apply Corollary 3.3. Corollary 3.6. Let (X, ) be a partially ordered set and suppose there is a metric d on X such that (X, d, ) is regular. Suppose that F : X 4 X and g : X X are such that F has the mixed g -monotone property. Assume also that there exists k [0, 1) such that d(F (x, y, z, w), F (u, v, h, l)) k (max{d(gx, gu), d(gy, gv ), d(gz, gh), d(gw, gl)}) 4

for any x, y, z, w, u, v, h, l X , for which gx gu, gv gy , gz gh, and gl gw. Suppose that F (X 4 ) g (X ), (g (X ), d) is a complete metric space. If there exist x0 , y0 , z0 , w0 X such that gx0 F (x0 , y0 , z0 , w0 ), gz0 F (z0 , w0 , x0 , y0 ), then there exist x, y, z, w X such that F (x, y, z, w) = gx, F (y, z, w, x) = gy, F (z, w, x, y ) = gz, and F (w, x, y, z ) = gw, gy0 F (y0 , z0 , w0 , x0 ), gw0 F (w0 , x0 , y0 , z0 ),

that is, F and g have a quadruple coincidence point. Remark 3.1. (i)Theorem 11 of Karapinar and Luong [22] is a particular case of Theorem 3.1 and Theorem 3.2 by taking g = IX , respectively. Corollary 12 of Karapinar and Luong [22] is a particular case of Theorem 3.1 and Theorem 3.2 by taking g = IX , (t) = t, (t) =
1k 4 t.

(ii)Theorem 2.3 of Karapinar [23] is a particular case of Theorem 3.1 and Theorem 3.2 by taking g = IX and (t) = t, respectively. Corollary 2.4 of Karapinar [23] is a particular case of Theorem 3.1 and Theorem 3.2 by taking g = IX , (t) = t, (t) = 12
1k 4 t.

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Now, we shall prove the existence and uniqueness of a quadruple common xed point. For a product X 4 of a partial ordered set (X, ), we dene a partial ordering in the following way: For all (x, y, z, w), (u, v, r, h) X 4 , (x, y, z, w) (u, v, r, h) x u, y v, z r, and w l. (40)

We say that (x, y, z, w) and (u, v, r, l) are comparable if (x, y, z, w) (u, v, r, l) or (u, v, r, l) (x, y, z, w).

Also, we say that (x, y, z, w) is equal to (u, v, r, l) if and only if x = u, y = v , z = r and w = l. Theorem 3.3. In addition to the hypotheses of Theorem 3.1, suppose that for all (x, y, z, w), (u, v, r, l) X 4 , there exists (a, b, c, d) X 4 such that (F (a, b, c, d), F (b, c, d, a), F (c, d, a, b), F (d, a, b, c)) is comparable to

(F (x, y, z, w), and (F (u, v, r, l),

F (y, z, w, x),

F (z, w, x, y ),

F (w, x, y, z ))

F (v, r, l, u),

F (r, l, u, v ),

F (l, u, v, r)).

Then F and g have a unique quadruple common xed point (x, y, z, w) such that x = gx = F (x, y, z, w), z = gz = F (z, w, x, y ), y = gy = F (y, z, w, x), w = gw = F (w, x, y, z ).

Proof. The set of quadruple coincidence points of F and g is not empty due to Theorem 3.1. Assume now that (x, y, z, w) and (u, v, r, l) are two quadruple coincidence points of F and g , i.e., F (x, y, z, w) = gx, F (y, z, w, x) = gy, F (z, w, x, y ) = gz, F (w, x, y, z ) = gw, F (u, v, r, l) = gu, F (v, r, l, u) = gv, F (r, l, u, v ) = gr, F (l, u, v, r) = gl.

We shall show that (gx, gy, gz, gw ) and (gu, gv, gr, gl) are equal. By assumption, there exists (a, b, c, d) X 4 such that (F (a, b, c, d), F (b, c, d, a), F (c, d, a, b), F (d, a, b, c)) is comparable to (F (x, y, z, w), F (y, z, w, x), F (z, w, x, y ), F (w, x, y, z )) and (F (u, v, r, l), F (v, r, l, u), F (r, l, u, v ), F (l, u, v, r)). Dene sequences {gan }, {gbn }, {gcn }, and {gdn } such that a0 = a, b0 = b, c0 = c, d0 = d, and for any n 1, gan = F (an1 , bn1 , cn1 , dn1 ), gcn = F (cn1 , dn1 , an1 , bn1 ), gbn = F (bn1 , cn1 , dn1 , an1 ), gdn = F (dn1 , an1 , bn1 , cn1 ), (41)

for all n. Further, set x0 = x, y0 = y , z0 = z , w0 = w and u0 = u, v0 = v , r0 = r, l0 = l, and in the same way dene the sequences {gxn }, {gyn }, {gzn }, {gwn } and {gun }, {gvn }, {grn },

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{gln }. Then it is easy to see that gxn = F (xn1 , yn1 , zn1 , wn1 ), gyn = F (yn1 , zn1 , wn1 , xn1 ), gzn = F (zn1 , wn1 , xn1 , yn1 ), gwn = F (wn1 , xn1 , yn1 , zn1 ), for all n 1. Since (F (x, y, z, w), F (y, z, w, x), F (z, w, x, y ), F (w, x, y, z )) = (gx1 , gy1 , gz1 , gw1 ) = (gx, gy, gz, gw ) is comparable to (F (a, b, c, d), F (b, c, d, a), F (c, d, a, b), F (d, a, b, c)) = (ga1 , gb1 , gc1 , gd1 ), then it is easy to show (gx, gy, gz, gw ) (ga1 , gb1 , gc1 , gd1 ). Recursively, we get that (gan , gbn , gcn , gdn ) (gx, gy, gz, gw) for all (d(gan+1 , gx)) = n. (43) gun = F (un1 , vn1 , rn1 , ln1 ), gvn = F (vn1 , rn1 , ln1 , un1 ), grn = F (rn1 , ln1 , un1 , vn1 ), gln = F (ln1 , un1 , vn1 , rn1 ), (42)

1 (d(F (an , bn , cn , dn ), F (x, y, z, w))), 4 (d(gan , gx) + d(gbn , gy ) + d(gcn , gz ) + d(gdn , gw)), (d(gan , gx) + d(gbn , gy ) + d(gcn , gz ) + d(gdn , gw)), (44)

(d(gy, gbn+1 ))

1 (d(F (y, z, w, x), F (bn , cn , dn , an ))), 4 (d(gy, gbn ) + d(gz, gcn ) + d(gw, gdn ) + d(gx, gan )), (d(gy, gbn ) + d(gz, gcn ) + d(gw, gdn ) + d(gx, gan )), (45)

(d(gcn+1 , gz ))

1 (d(F (cn , dn , an , bn ), F (z, w, x, y ))), 4 (d(gcn , gz ) + d(gdn , gw) + d(gan , gx) + d(gbn , gy )), (d(gcn , gz ) + d(gdn , gw) + d(gan , gx) + d(gbn , gy )), (46)

and (d(gw, gdn+1 )) = 1 d(F (w, x, y, z ), F (dn , an , bn , cn )), 4 (d(gw, gdn ) + d(gx, gan ) + d(gy, gbn ) + d(gz, gcn )), (d(gw, gdn ) + d(gx, gan ) + d(gy, gbn ) + d(gz, gcn )). From (44)-(47), it follows that (d(gan+1 , gx)) + (d(gy, gbn+1 )) + (d(gcn+1 , gz )) + (d(gw, gdn+1 )) (d(gw, gdn ) + d(gx, gan ) + d(gy, gbn ) + d(gz, gcn )) 4(d(gw, gdn ) + d(gx, gan ) + d(gy, gbn ) + d(gz, gcn )). By the property (iii) of , we obtain that (d(gan+1 , gx) + d(gy, gbn+1 ) + d(gcn+1 , gz ) + d(gw, gdn+1 )) (d(gan+1 , gx)) + (d(gy, gbn+1 )) + (d(gcn+1 , gz )) + (d(gw, gdn+1 )), (d(gw, gdn ) + d(gx, gan ) + d(gy, gbn ) + d(gz, gcn )) 4(d(gw, gdn ) + d(gx, gan ) + d(gy, gbn ) + d(gz, gcn )). 14 (48) (47)

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Set n = d(gan , gx) + d(gy, gbn ) + d(gcn , gz ) + d(gw, gdn ). Then due to (48), we have (n+1 ) (n ) 4(n ) which implies that that
n

for all

n,

(49)

(n+1 ) (n ). By the property of , we obtain that n+1 n . Thus,

the sequence {n } is decreasing and bounded below from 0. Therefore, there exists 0 such lim n = .

Now, we shall show that = 0. Suppose to the contrary that > 0. Letting n in (49), we obtain that ( ) ( ) 4 lim (n ) < ( ),
n

which is a contradiction. It yields that = 0. That is, limn n = 0. Consequently, we have

n

lim d(gan , gx) = 0, lim d(gcn , gz ) = 0,

n n

lim d(gy, gbn ) = 0, (50)

lim d(gw, gdn ) = 0.

Similarly, we can prove that

n

lim d(gan , gu) = 0,

n

lim d(gv, gbn ) = 0, lim d(gl, gdn ) = 0. (51)

lim d(gcn , gr) = 0,

Combining (50) and (51) yields that (gx, gy, gz, gw) and (gu, gv, gr, gl) are equal. Since gx = F (x, y, z, w), gy = F (y, z, w, x), gz = F (z, w, x, y ), and gw = F (w, x, y, z ), by the commutativity of F and g , we obtain that gx = g (gx) = g (F (x, y, z, w)) = F (gx, gy, gw, gz ) = F (x , y , z , w ), gy = g (gy ) = g (F (y, z, w, x)) = F (gy, gz, gw, gx) = F (y , z , w , x ), gz = g (gz ) = g (F (z, w, x, y )) = F (gz, gw, gx, gy ) = F (z , w , x , y ), gw = g (gz ) = g (F (w, x, y, z )) = F (gw, gx, gy, gz ) = F (w , x , y , z ), where gx = x , gy = y , gz = z , and gw = w . Thus, (x , y , z , w ) is a quadruple coincidence point of F and g . Therefore, (gx , gy , gz , gw ) and (gx, gy, gz, gw) are equal. We obtain that gx = gx = x , gy = gy = y , gz = gz = z , gw = gw = w .

Thus, (x , y , z , w ) is a quadruple common xed point of F and g . Its uniqueness follows from contraction (1). Example 3.1. Let X = R with the metric d(x, y ) = |x y | for all x, y X and the usual ordering. Let F : X 4 X and g : X X be given by g (x) = 3 x, 4 F (x, y, z, w) = xy+zw 16 for all x, y, z, w X.

Let , : [0, ) [0, ) be given by ( t) = 1 t 5 and (t) = t 60 for all t [0, ).

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We will check that the condition (1) is satised for all x, y, z, w, u, v, h, l X satisfying gx gu, gv gy , gz gh, gl gw. In this case, we have (d(F (x, y, z, w), F (u, v, h, l))) = wl 1 ux yv hz [ + + + ] 5 16 16 16 16 1 1 3(u x) 3(y v ) 3(h z ) 3(w l) = { [ + + + ]} 4 5 4 4 4 4 1 3(u x) 3(y v ) 3(h z ) 3(w l) + + + ] [ 30 4 4 4 4 1 1 3(u x) 3(y v ) 3(h z ) 3(w l) { [ + + + ]} 4 5 4 4 4 4 1 3(u x) 3(y v ) 3(h z ) 3(w l) + + + ] [ 60 4 4 4 4 1 [d(gx, gu) + d(gy, gv ) + d(gz, gh) + d(gw, gl)] = 4 [d(gx, gu) + d(gy, gv ) + d(gz, gh) + d(gw, gl)].

It is easy to check that all the conditions of Theorem 3.3 are satised and (0, 0, 0, 0) is the unique quadruple xed point of F and g . Competing interests The author declares that they have no competing interests. Author details School of Science, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, Sichuan 643000, China. Acknowledgements This work is partially supported by the Scientic Research Fund of Sichuan Provincial Education Department(12ZA098), Scientic Research Fund of Sichuan University of Science and Engineering (2012KY08).

References
[1] D. Guo, V. Lakshmikantham, Couple xed points of nonlinear operators with applications, Nonlinear Anal., 11(1987), 623-632. [2] T. G. Bhashar, V. Lakshmikantham, Fixed point theory in partially ordered spaces and applications, Nonlinear Anal., 65(2006), 1379-1393. iric [3] V. Lakshmikantham, L. C , Couple xed point theorems for nonlinear contractions in partially ordered metric spaces, Nonlinear Anal., 70(2009), 4341-4349. [4] N.V. Luong, N.X. Thuan, Coupled xed points in partially ordered metric spaces and application, Nonlinear Anal., 74(2011), 983-992. [5] B. Samet, Coupled xed point theorems for a generalized Meir-Keeler contraction in partially ordered metric spaces, Nonlinear Anal., 74 (12)(2010), 4508-4517. [6] E. Karap.nar, Coupled xed point theorems for nonlinear contractions in cone metric spaces, Comput. Math. Appl., 59 (12) (2010), 3656-3668.

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