A STUDY OF EFFECTIVENESS OF A PROGRAM DEVELOPED TO MARATHI READING SKILL OF Vth STD STUDENT .

THIS REPORT IS SUBMITTED FOR THE PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE D.T.ED COURSE.

SUBMITTED BY ABHANG PRATIMA BALASO S.Y.D.T.ED DIV-B ROLL NO-27

GUIDE BY MRS. SHEHNAZ MAM

M.C.E. SOCIETY JR. COLLEGE OF EDUCATION

[ENGLISH MEDIUM]

AZAM CAMPUS, PUNE-1 JUNE-2011

CERTIFICATE
This is to Certify that Miss.Abhang Pratima Balaso of S.Y.D.Ed of DivB, Roll No.27 have completed her Action research work on topic Marathi medium student of Vth std of action research for academic year 2010-2011. The material obtained from other sources becomes acknowledged is dissertation.

Date : Guide :

DECLARATION
I here by declare that the research work done on the topic. A study of effectiveness of developed to Marathi Reading Skill of Vth std student. Is an original piece of research work done by me. I have specified that source from where the relevant information has been collected the best of my knowledge this dissertation is not substantially as same as those which were submitted or any other academic qualification do this D.T.Ed or my institutions.

Date:

Sign:

Place:

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The researcher would like to thank Mrs. Shehnaz Mam for their expert guidance and moral support at all stages of the research work. The researcher wishes to express gratitude to both of them without them this work would not be possible.

The researcher would like to thank her principal, Mrs. Sabrina khan for her valuable support researcher also like to thank the principle of life institute for giving the permission to conduct research work in their institute. At last researcher would like to thank her friends for their moral support.

Sign

Abhang Pratima Balaso

INDEX
No. of the Chapter 1. 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 Chapter Title Certificate Self Declaration Acknowledgement Vote for Dedication Page No.

Introduction/Topic of Research Introduction Need of the Problem Importance of the Problem Statement of Aim Operational Definition Objectives Assumptions & Hypothesis Scope & Limitation Sample

2.

Review of Related Literature 2.1 Review of related literature for research work 2.2 Innovation & usefulness of research work 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Implementation of Research Research methodology Sample Tools & Techniques of AR Remedial measures.

3.

No. of the Chapter 4. -

Chapter

Page No.

Collection of information & data its Synthesis & Analysis 4.1 Presentation & information & data 4.2 Analysis & interpretation 4.3 Conclusion 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 Summary, Conclusion & Recommendation Summary Conclusion Recommendation & Suggestion Suggestion for further researcher Reference & Appendix List of reference book/bibliography Appendix

5.

INTRODUCTION

It is professional obligation of every teacher to achieve different objectives if the education through teaching and action research helps him to achieve his objectives while doing so he has to take many decisions judicially & sensibly.

The purpose of this research is to improve reading skill and make it more effective because there are innumerable words in every language. The vocabulary of any language is ever increasing especially that of Marathi which is language used the words by is many people for so many reason.

Person must be able to master more & more word in order knowing word & understanding it is not enough. It is only part of your passive vocabulary. You have know the meaning of words & how the word is actually used in different contents while considering used of word and it is part of action vocabulary.

1.1 BACKGROUNG OF THE PROBLEM:Marathi is mother tongue of people in Maharashtra. It is a compulsory language in Marathi Medium. It is necessary to know Marathi to everybody but some student faced the problem in reading of Marathi. Everybody should get education through their mother tongue. But students in Marathi medium being from Marathi families also faced problem in reading of Marathi. Marathi is medium of examination for recruitment to state services. Here again there is some problem since the number of Marathi.

1.2 NEED OF RESEARCH:Reading is one of the primary skill of language which help for the development of listening and speaking skill of the student through reading student can require knowledge and get practice of stress on words and information of sentences with comprehension. The reading is helpful for the student. Reading of text-book helps the students to communicate in the society for fulfillment of their daily need so the place of reading in learning language is important. While expressing significance of reading in learning languages. R.S. TRIVEDI & D.A. GANDI says, the education of child is imperfect unless he is equipped with the ability to read with meaning.

1.3 IMPORTANCE OF RESEARCH:To gain confidence and mastery over the communicative competences of the language. To improve our own teaching skill i.e.: reading skill. It achieving self improvement during the study of skill and subs kills of reading. It will improve qualities of the students. Find out mistakes of reading and make suitable improvements between the students.

1.4 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM:Preparation of programme on Marathi reading skill for the 3rd std student of Z.P. Primary School Garwad and study its effectiveness.

1.5 OPERATIONAL DEFINITION:READING SKILL:Ready means a good reader is one who reads with considerable speed and maximum understanding.

Redial Teaching:Good diagnosis and good teaching are the two sides of the same coin.

3rd Standard:Those students passed second std and take admission in next class called 3rd standard.

1.6 OBJECTIVES:Search the mistakes made by the 3rd standard students in reading Marathi. Find out reasons behind such mistakes. Plan the remedies for improving the mistakes of reading.

1.7 ASSUMPTION:Students read the paragraph of stories, poems and essay from 1st to 2nd standard. All the students of third standard participate in programme. Students read alphabets, vowels etc.

HYPOTHESIS:There will be significant differences in the scores of pre-test and post-test.

1.8 SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS:This research will be included primary school. This research is limited only for the students of third std of primary school. This research is only helpful to develop reading skill. It only about reading skill. The research is also helpful to the teacher who is teaching Marathi subject in primary school. The research will be limited to the students for Z.P. Primary School.

Chapter-II Review of related literature 2.1 introductions. 2.2 review of previous literature. 2.3 novelty in research work and its usefulness. 2.4 innovation and usefulness of research work

2.1 Introduction

For the fundamental and applied research material meticulously. However action research is the under taken to solve the current problem. Hence every time it may not be necessary to service the available research material. The researcher can keep flexibility in reviewing research material as per his requirement.

For planning his research method he has to use the available material & tools and it required prepare new material and tool. He can use this material for compiling material for point of view review of research materials is required.

This material can also prove to be useful far finding out possible on which he is undertaking the research.

The review related literature was found in different volumes of SURVEY OF EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH by M.B. Buch. The review of related literature serves the following purposes. 1) Because of review of related literature one come to know what kind of literature is helpful for us to complete the action research.

2) Research also knows what kind of literature should be made available for the in-depth study of the student. 3) It gives recommendations for further research. 4) Review of related literature helpful for us to understand the scope, limitations of our subjects. 5) It enables to identify research responsibilities that have been beyond reach.

For much worth while study in any field of knowledge the researcher needs an adequate familiarity with the work which has already been done in the area of his choice. He has to build upon the accumulated and record knowledge to past.

2.2 review of related literature:

To plan the research method the research has to make use of the available materials and tools. It requires he may have to even proper new material and tool. He can use this material for compiling the material for his own research. From this point of view, review to research material is required since only then can be one establish his own identity and prove that his own research is different. This material can also prove to be useful for finding out possible answer to the question or problem on which the research is being undertaken.

Sources of Review:
Books News paper M.Ed. phd thesis Internet Magazines

So problem is study by the researcher there is not only related literature for this problem. But this research is useful for further as a review of related literature.

2.3 Innovation and Usefulness of Research:Innovation:

This research is firstly done by research so thats way this problem is new many can refer this research on the topic researcher has done research which is new.

Usefulness:
The research is useful for the primary teacher. It is also useful for further research.

Chapter-III Implementation Of Research:3.1 Research Methodology 3.2 Sample 3.3 Tools and Techniques 3.4 Remedial Measures

Introduction
The teacher has to face many problems during his teaching non-teaching training and his service carrier. He has to solve his problem by close observation deep study and by using scientific methods this is called as research.

Different methods of research help to change the situation more revocable further research can pin-point the short comings of the earlier research conducted on the same subject thus in our day to day we undertake the process of research in different forms and methods.

The nature of such research must be reliable and its result and the conclusions must be authoritative. The research process included collecting facts and information with the problem classifying and analyzing the information and drawing conclusions.

The entire research process is very lengthy and complicated. Hence it must be completed in a planed and systematic manner.

3.1 Research Methodology:There are various methods of research such asi) ii) iii) Historical Method. Survey Method. Experimental Method.

Historical Method:This method is part oriented. This method is used to find out the exact meanings of events occur in the past throw the light on new facts. Find out by the facts to solve the such problems the historical method is not of much use. Survey Method:The survey method indicates the gathering correct condition. It is useful to get opinion about certain form. Experimental Survey:Experimental research provides a systematic and logical method for answering the question. If this is done under carefully controlled conditions what will happen? Experimental manipulate certain stimuli treatments or behavior of the subject is affected is deliberate and systematic. They must be aware of the other factors that could influence the out come and remove or control them. So that they can establish a logical association between manipulated factors and observe effects.

Characteristics:
The action and to what extend its to be taken is decided by researcher. Set or groups are divided equally by using random sampling method. Only one independent variable is arranged for controlling the other variable. Its not possible to handle independent variable like sex, age, social & economical condition.

3.2 Populations:
In the research, reliable conclusions are drawn regarding the properties oft experimental group such a group is called population. To collect required information for the research from every factor in the population is very expensive through no impossible.

For the above research selected by all the students of standard third of Z.P Primary school Garwad.

Sample: Sampling means method used for drawing a sample from the population for the above research 25 students are selected by researcher as sample for total

Population. Researcher used the random sampling method for his research. Probability Nonprobability Random sampling incidental sampling- cluster sampling-stratified samplingpurposive sampling- multistage sampling-data sampling.

3.3 tools and techniques: For editing the information following tools are required. Main tools Test Observation Interview Questionnaire Test We take two types of sample a) Pre-test b) Post-test

a) Pre-test This test is given to the student before giving on education experience in pretest. Researcher gave a paragraph of story of Marathi text book for reading the students of third standard and analysis the mistakes done by the student.

c) Post-test This test is given to the student after analysis the problems of the students the remedial activities are carried in order the solve the problems of pre-test. For post-test same paragraph of story is given to the students for reading. And after analysis the result of post-test we come to know the effectiveness of our remedial activities through diagnostic test.

Statistical tools: The data collected during the experiment was analysed using the following statistical tools. The following formulas were used for calculation one the obtained t value was tested at 0.01 level. 1 mean = am + (fdN)x

2. standard deviation s. = (f /N)- ((f N

3. co-relation R = xy/(x2,y2) 4. difference between two mean D= /N)- ((f N-1

5. t value = D/ (f

3.4 Remedial Measure: 25 students were selected for experiment out 25 students 14 students were girls & og students were boys administrating pre-test marks were allotted to these students.

After implementation of programme post-test was administered and marks were allotted to this post-test. These pre-test and post-test taken to marks the score of pre-test and post-test were analysis and conclusions were drawn.

Chapter IV Collection of information and data its synthesis and analysis 4.1 presentation of information and data 4.2 analysis and interpretation 4.3 Conclusion

4.1 Presentation Of Information And Data In pre-test the paragraph is given to students for reading and marks given according to pronunciation, intonation, stress, etc. after remedial teaching same paragraph is given to the students and again gives the marks. a) The data collection in this research is given bellow Mark sheet of pre-test and post-test Sr. NO 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Name of the students Gaiwad joyti D Shinde Soma S Gaikwad pramod D Shinde roshni D Mule sagar V Jadhav Vishal P Gaikwad Dipak D Gaikwad Pramila Narsale suman R Tambe Sagar T Tambe Shital P Kakde Aditya P Tambe Kiran S Narsale Sanket S Narsale Suraj S Narsale Sajal V Narsale Piush V Tumbe Sujata R Phure Anita P Pise Dhanaji S More Amit R Rathode Vijay B Jadhav Sonali M Shinde Chaya R Nungare Neeta Total Marks of pre-test 06 07 05 03 03 05 06 05 05 04 04 05 06 05 07 07 06 04 05 05 05 04 05 04 04 125 Marks of post-test 09 08 09 07 08 07 09 06 09 09 08 08 08 08 07 08 09 06 08 09 09 06 07 09 09 200

From the above table it is clear that the marks obtained by the students in posttest are more than the marks obtained by the students in pre-test. B) Bar graph The data collected in this research can also explained with the help of bar graph & it is given bellow. i) Percentage of the post-test marks. = (125/250)x100 = 50 % ii) Percentage of the post-test marks. = (200/250)x100 = 80 %

Chart Title
80% 60% 40% 20% 0% Pre-test Post-test Pre-test Post-tset

x- axis 2cm = test y-axis 1 cm = 10%

From the above table it is clear that the marks obtained by the students in posttest was more than the marks obtained by the students in pre-test. In the graph we observed clear difference between the pretest and posttest. In the mean of two different test clear that the marks of posttest was increases because of effective remedial teaching So we conclude that i) ii) iii) Our objectives are achieved through this research. Our experiment is successfully done. It is helped for all the 3rd Std students in Z.P Primary school.

4.2 Analysis And Interpretation The above collected data is analysis in the following ways. a) Mean of the pre-test = Marks of obtained in Pretest no of students = =5

B) mean of post-test = Marks of obtained in Pretest no of students

pre-test < post-test Hence its clear that the marks of reading in Marathi language are increases after remedial teaching. t vale

Mark sheet of the students. Students 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Pre-valuation ratio 6 (Q1) 7 5 3 3 5 6 5 5 4 4 5 6 5 7 7 6 4 5 5 5 4 5 4 4 X1 = 125 Post-valuation 9 ratio 8 (Q2) 9 7 8 7 9 6 9 9 8 8 8 8 7 8 9 6 8 9 9 6 7 9 9 X2 = 200 D(Q2-Q1) 3 1 4 4 5 2 3 1 4 5 4 3 2 3 2 0 1 3 2 4 4 2 2 5 5 = 75 D 9 1 16 16 25 04 09 01 16 25 16 09 04 09 00 01 09 04 09 16 16 04 04 25 25 = 273

There fore obtained value is 10.60 & value at 0.01 level is 2.718 (as per table) value obtained (0.010 is more than fruitful value hence zero concept is to be abdendent the above method is complicated and required tedious calculation.

Interpretation of data Interpretation of data in this way researcher has completed this research and it is successful student archive more knowledge and understanding the reading skill more effectively after remedial teaching.

Table Sr No Pre-test 3.866 Post-test 8.6

From the above table it is clear that the mean of post test is greater than pre test i.e.

The value of t from calculation is 10.60 i.e. 11 & the value of t from table at 0.01 level 2.718

Hence the value of t from calculation greater than the value of t by table. i.e. t calculation value > t table value.

4.3 Conclusion So we concluded that this research successful & research hypothesis accepted and null hypothesis rejected.

Chapter V Summary conclusion Recommendation 5.1 Summary 5.2 Conclusion 5.3 Recommendation 5.4 Suggestion for further research

5.1 Summary: 1.1 background of the problem: Everybody should get education through their mother tongue. But students in Marathi medium being from Marathi families also faced problem in reading of Marathi.

1.2 Need Of Research: Reading of text-book helps the students to communicate in the society for fulfillment of their daily need so the place of reading in learning language is important.

1.3 Importance Of Research To improve our teaching skill i.e. reading skill.

1.4 Statement Of Problem: Preparation of programme on Marathi reading skill for 3rd Std student of Z.P school Garwad and study its effectiveness.

1.5 Operational Definition : Reading means a good reader is one who reads with considerable speed and maximum understanding.

1.6 Objective : 1 Search the mistakes made by the 3rd Standard students in reading Marathi. 2 Find out reasons behind such mistakes. 3 Plan the remedies for improving the mistakes of reading.

1.7 Assumption: All the students of third standard participate in programme.

1.8 Scope And Limitations:This research is only helpful to develop reading skill. The research will be limited to the students for Z.P. Primary School.

5.2 Conclusion The deep study of this research leads to the following conclusion. i) ii) Students gets the knowledge about they sub skills of reading. Students reads the story, paragraph, poem and essay with proper speed, pronunciation, stress & help of practice.

5.3 Recommendation : Above research is very helpful to the student to develop their reading skill along with students it is beneficial to teachers also. 1) It is very useful to give the information about the different creativities which develop the students reading skill. 2) Teacher can follow the activities in order to develop the reading skill of the student. Teacher can take new interesting and excellent activity which being creativeness in teaching learning process. 3) This research is helpful to develop reading skill in other language also such as Hindi, English etc. 4) Provide the guidance to the other teachers. 5) This research will not be used only for third Std students but also used also used in higher education & other schools.

5.4 Suggestion for Further Research. 1. The research can also conducted in other std 2. Research study can be conducted in other school. 3. research study can be conducted in secondary level. 4. Research study can be conducted in English Medium school.

Reference books:
For the research we need many books, literature in order to get more information are called reference books following reference books are used in research. 1) Arvind L. Kapole (2005) : action research & innovation. 2) Prof Tusharika Bapat (2005) : English (F.Y.D.Ed) 3) Swati Gudgil (2005) : Action Research & Innovation. 4) Sali V. Z (1982): principals & techniques of unit testing . 5) Gurate Henry E. (1967) : statistics in psychology & education.

Appendix :
A) List of activities: B) Ideal reading of teacher C) To prepare sentence strips D) Marathi subject corner. E) Reading competition F) Carrying out order (Games) G) Matching question & answer. H) Game of rhyming word. I) Jumbled paragraph J) Post-test.

Name of the students: Sr. NO 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Name of the students Gaiwad joyti D Shinde Soma S Gaikwad pramod D Shinde roshni D Mule sagar V Jadhav Vishal P Gaikwad Dipak D Gaikwad Pramila Narsale suman R Tambe Sagar T Tambe Shital P Kakde Aditya P Tambe Kiran S Narsale Sanket S Narsale Suraj S Narsale Sajal V Narsale Piush V Tumbe Sujata R Phure Anita P Pise Dhanaji S More Amit R Rathode Vijay B Jadhav Sonali M Shinde Chaya R Nungare Neeta Total Marks of pre-test 06 07 05 03 03 05 06 05 05 04 04 05 06 05 07 07 06 04 05 05 05 04 05 04 04 125 Marks of post-test 09 08 09 07 08 07 09 06 09 09 08 08 08 08 07 08 09 06 08 09 09 06 07 09 09 200

Bibliography
1) Arvind L. Kapole (2005) : action research & innovation. 2) Prof Tusharika Bapat (2005) : English (F.Y.D.Ed) 3) Swati Gudgil (2005) : Action Research & Innovation. 4) Sali V. Z (1982): principals & techniques of unit testing . 5) Gurate Henry E. (1967) : statistics in psychology & education.

B) Thesis:
1) Lalkar S.C (1978 1983) A critical study of basic vocabulary in Marathi as their mother tongue reading in std 7th in Marathi medium school. 2) Srinivasa Rao (1982): Diagnostic study of reading disability school children.

List of name of students: Sr. NO 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Name of the students Gaiwad joyti D Shinde Soma S Gaikwad pramod D Shinde roshni D Mule sagar V Jadhav Vishal P Gaikwad Dipak D Gaikwad Pramila Narsale suman R Tambe Sagar T Tambe Shital P Kakde Aditya P Tambe Kiran S Narsale Sanket S Narsale Suraj S Narsale Sajal V Narsale Piush V Tumbe Sujata R Phure Anita P Pise Dhanaji S More Amit R Rathode Vijay B Jadhav Sonali M Shinde Chaya R Nungare Neeta