the Perceptions of the Students of the University of Santo Tomas on House Bill No. 4244 Otherwise Known as the Responsible Parenthood, Reproductive Health, And Population and Development Act of 2012- An Analysis

The Perceptions of the Students of the University of Santo Tomas on House Bill No.
4244 Otherwise known as The Responsible Parenthood, Reproductive Health, and Population and Development Act of 2012: An Analysis by: Monje, Kathreen Li V. Rivera, Juan Rafael G. Zamora, Mavreen Icon R.
A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Bachelor of Science in Legal Management at University of Santo Tomas February 2013
Legal Management
University of Santo Tomas
Faculty of Arts and Letters
Table of Contents
ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................................................ i LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES ................................................................................................... ii CHAPTER 1............................................................................................................................................... 3
Introduction .............................................................................................................................................................3 Background of the Study ....................................................................................................................................5 Significance of the Study ....................................................................................................................................7 Statement of the Problem....................................................................................................................................8 Scope and Limitations .........................................................................................................................................9 Conceptual Framework .................................................................................................................................... 10 Hypothesis ............................................................................................................................................................ 11 Objectives ............................................................................................................................................................. 11 Definition of Terms ........................................................................................................................................... 12 Review of Related Literature .......................................................................................................................... 15
CHAPTER II ........................................................................................................................................... 15 CHAPTER III ......................................................................................................................................... 25 Research Design and Methodology .................................................................................................. 25
Procedure in Gathering Data .......................................................................................................................... 27 Sampling Technique .......................................................................................................................................... 28 Statistical Treatment .......................................................................................................................................... 29
RESULTS AND INTERPRETATION ........................................................................................... 30
Students engagement in premarital intimacy............................................................................................. 45 Stand of the students of the University of Santo Tomas on HB No. 4244....................................... 45 Relationship of premarital intimacy and perception towards the Responsible Parenthood Bill 46 Religion and Perception towards the Responsible Parenthood Bill ................................................... 46 Responsible Parenthood Bill and the promotion of premarital intimacy .......................................... 46 CONCLUSION ................................................................................................................................................... 47 RECOMMENDATIONS ................................................................................................................................. 48
CHAPTER V .......................................................................................................................................... 47
REFERENCES ....................................................................................................................................... 49 APPENDIX A......................................................................................................................................... 51 APPENDIX B ......................................................................................................................................... 55 APPENDIX C ......................................................................................................................................... 61
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ABSTRACT
This research looks at the perception of students from the University of Santo Tomas towards the practice of premarital sex and their perceptions on the Responsible Parenthood Bill or House Bill No. 4244. This research is accomplished in order to discover if the exercise of premarital intimacy is a contributing factor in the diverse perceptions of the students towards said bill. The researchers utilized the descriptive design but to be more specific the researchers made use of survey questionnaires to collect all the data necessary to carry out the study. The researchers found out that the engagement of the respondents in premarital intimacy in relation to their religious beliefs have no significant effect on their perception towards Responsible Parenthood Bill or House Bill No. 4244. Such findings led the researchers to the significant conclusion that the genuine factor that influences the perceptions of the respondents with regards to the Responsible Parenthood Bill or House Bill No. 4244 are their understanding of the bill itself.
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LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES

Figure 1. Figure 2. Figure 3. Figure 4. Figure 5. Figure 6. Figure 7. Figure 8. Figure 9. Figure 10. Figure 11. Figure 12. Figure 13. Figure 14. Figure 15. College Religion Age Gender Sexual Preference Level of Awareness of the Responsible Parenthood Bill Understanding of the Responsible Parenthood Bill How are informed of the Responsible Parenthood Bill? Are you updated on the current status of the RP Bill? What is your stand on the Responsible Parenthood Bill? What influenced you to be pro or anti the RP Bill? Are you in a relationship? Do you engage in pre-marital sex? Estimated monthly family income Do you think the RP Bill should be passed?
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CHAPTER 1
Introduction
Overseas Filipino Workers (OFW) working in North America or Europe are very much aware of the rampant premarital sex or intimacy among adolescents in their respective host countries. It is taken for granted that abstinence is an antiquated virtue that younger generation can no longer adopt into their lives because of the sexually permissive environment in which they live in (Villegas, 2011). For a country where abstinence is still an important and also sensitive issue which remains imbedded in every citizen especially with regards to ones parents. More importantly for a country that has the biggest number of members of the Catholicism it is quite difficult to reconcile the growing number of young adults that engage in sex before marriage. It is also practically important to consider that not everyone has the same views or perceptions towards the rampant increase of young adults who engage in pre-marital sex in the Philippines, there are some people who are for the bill and there are some that are against it. Regardless whether these young adults are for or against the said bill it is vital that all of us also know their stand towards the passage of the controversial Responsible Parenthood Bill.
According to Sec. 2 of the bill, the State recognizes and guarantees the exercise of the universal basic human right to reproductive health by all persons, particularly of parents, couples and women, consistent with their religious convictions, cultural beliefs 3
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and the demands of responsible parenthood. Toward this end, there shall be no discrimination against any person on grounds such as sex, age, religion, sexual orientation, disabilities, political affiliation and ethnicity.
Marriage and family is an institution and is also the basic unit of society that is considered the best starting point for the protection of ones reproductive health which incidentally is one of the focus of the said bill. The targeted members of the society in this bill include particularly parents, couples and women. Although it is not stated in the said bill we can safely assume that when they made use of the word couple it does not only mean those who are in wedded they can be two individuals of the opposite sex who may have an active sexual relationship or those that engage in pre-marital sex. These people are of vast number and their perceptions carry weight as to the legislation of the bill specially when we talk of people who are also in a Catholic school. Are their perceptions shaped by what they practice or is it also manipulated by their religious beliefs.
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Background of the Study

As based on the Issues in Adolescent sexuality, adolescents are engaging in sexual intercourse or premarital intimacy at an earlier age now more than ever. It is noticeable that in the present era the gradual increase of adolescents, who are getting more knowledgeable in the act of sex. Moreover, studies show that sex education in school does not usually lead to earlier or increased sexual activity in young people, according to World Health Organization analysis of 35 studies conducted in the U.S. and other countries (Leeming, Dawyer and Oliver).
What really affects the increase in the inclination of young adults towards sexuality is the environment in which young people are exposed to making decisions related to sexual and reproductive health is also rapidly evolving. Rates of sexual initiation during young adulthood are rising or remaining unchanged in many developing countries, childbearing and marriage are increasingly unlinked and in many countries, high HIV prevalence adds to the risks associated with early sexual activity (Hindin & Fatusi, 2009).
It is vital to give attention to the fact that more young adults are open to the idea of sex before marriage and this is so because the adolescents today will not only determine but also affect the social fabric, economic productivity, and reproductive 5
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health and well-being of nations throughout the world in the coming decades (Hindin & Fatusi, 2009). As what Juan Carlo Tejano, founder of the Reproductive Health and Gender Advocates Movement said The RH Bill matters to the youth because we face continuing ignorance on many issues about reproductive health and sexuality (Tupaz, 2012). So in light of this it is only practical to relate the act of sex or premarital intimacy and the Responsible Parenthood Bill because it has become a topic of debate for the longest time and not only that for it is also perceived to be morally sensitive, especially to the members of the Catholic Church in the Philippines. This study will show whether or not there is prevailing relationship between the young Catholics who may or may not be practicing premarital intimacy and their perceptions toward the passage of Responsible Parenthood Bill. The researchers, through the aid of their respondents, from the University of Santo Tomas institution will help shed light to this issue and also by determining the perceptions of these respondents who are also young adults the researchers will be able to determine if their perceptions towards the passage of the said bill will be negative or positive. This is important because not only the educational institution that will be benefited from this study but also legislators who are involved with the creation of the Responsible Parenthood Bill. According to Junice Melgar, executive director of the women's group Likhaan,"We can no longer afford to deny the fact that more young people are engaged in sexual activity, yet bereft with sufficient information about their sexuality and reproductive health, particularly the consequences of unprotected sex" (Tupaz, 2012). 6
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Significance of the Study

The results of this study will provide insight and information on the different perceptions of students from the University of Santo Tomas towards the Responsible Parenthood Bill. Researchers who are gathering information on the said bill may find the study useful as one becomes aware of the perceptions of those who are engaging and not engaging in pre-marital sex within a certain age group and religion and how their perceptions are influenced by their practice.
This studys behavioral information can also contribute to the further development of the said bill and to the schools rules and regulations as well. The output of the study is a guide material to those who are studying the Responsible Parenthood Bill and also those who legislate the Catholic schools rules and regulation. Furthermore, the information that this study provides may aid in the control of population issues by contributing to the legislation of both the countrys law and of the educational institutions.
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Statement of the Problem

Main Problem: What are the perceptions of the students of the University of Santo Tomas towards the House bill No. 4244 otherwise known as the Responsible Parenthood Bill? Sub-problems: 1) Are the students of the University of Santo Tomas engaging in premarital intimacy? 2) Are the students of the University of Santo Tomas for or against the Responsible Parenthood Bill? 3) Do the students of the University of Santo Tomas perception towards the Responsible Parenthood Bill have a relationship with the practice of premarital intimacy? 4) Are the students of the University of Santo Tomas get affected by their religion towards their view Responsible Parenthood Bill? 5) Does the Responsible Parenthood Bill encourage the students of a Catholic Tertiary Level Educational institution located in Manila to engage in pre-marital sex?
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Scope and Limitations

This research as expressly stated in its title, deals with the students of the University of Santo Tomas and their perceptions toward the Responsible Parenthood Bill. The researchers confined the study to the students of a Catholic tertiary level educational institution; in this case the students of the University of Santo Tomas, as respondents. The researchers used the most precise way of gathering the ideal sample size from the given population needed for completion of the study and this is through the use of random sampling and the by utilizing the Slovins formula.
The researchers made use of the Slovins formula in order to collect the sample size of each of the colleges of the University of Santo Tomas from the population of 43,316 as of the first semester of the academic year 2012- 2013. The respondents were selected randomly based from the computed sample population. Each of the colleges was given certain number of questionnaires to respond accordingly. Thus, the students from the various colleges in the University of Santo Tomas in Manila were chosen as the respondents of the survey.
The information gathered by the researchers is as of June 2012 of the first semester of the academic year 2012 2013. Any developments after this date are not included in this study. 9
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Conceptual Framework
Responsible Parenthood Bill House Bill No. 4244
Do not Engage
Engage Premarital sex
Pro RP Bill Perceptions of Students of the University of Santo Tomas
Anti RP Bill
To be passed
Not to be passed
Affected by ones religion
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Hypothesis
Alternative: The perceptions of the students of the University of Santo Tomas towards the Responsible Parenthood Bill are positive. Null: The perceptions of the students of the University of Santo Tomas towards the Responsible Parenthood Bill are negative.
Objectives
1. To determine the perceptions of selected students of the students of the University of Santo Tomas towards the Responsible Parenthood Bill or House Bill No. 4244 2. To analyze the perceptions of the students of the University of Santo Tomas and identify if there is an existing relationship between the perceptions gathered and certain factors in the study.
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Definition of Terms
1) Adolescent somebody who has reached puberty but is not yet an adult 2) Aspiration a desire or ambition to achieve something 3) Clamor make a vehement protest or demand 4) Condom a thin rubber sheath worn on a mans penis during sexual intercourse as a contraceptive or as a protection against infection. 5) Conscience a persons moral sense of right and wrong, viewed as acting as a guide to ones behavior. 6) Contraceptive a device or drug serving to prevent pregnancy. 7) Controversial giving rise or likely to give rise to controversy or public disagreement 8) Convictions a belief or opinion that is held firmly 12
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9) Fertilization the action or process of fertilizing an egg or a female animal or plant, involving the fusion of male and female gametes to form a zygote. 10)Frequency the number of times that a periodic function repeats the same sequence of values during a unit variation of the independent variable. 11) Institution an organization founded for a religious, educational, professional, or social purpose 12) Overpopulation populate (an area) in excessively large numbers 13) Mitigation the action of reducing the severity, seriousness, 14) Parenthood the state of being a parent and the responsibilities involved 15) Poverty the state of being extremely poor. 16) Proportion a part, share, or number considered in comparative relation to a whole. 13
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17) Sacredness connected with God or a god or dedicated to a religious purpose and so deserving veneration. 18) Sex sexual activity, including specifically sexual intercourse. 19) Spontaneous performed or occurring as a result of a sudden impulse or inclination and without premeditation or external stimulus. 20) Withdrawal the act of drawing someone or something back from or
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CHAPTER II
Review of Related Literature
According to the Department of Healths Website, Responsible Parenthood, as defined in the Directional Plan of POPCOM (Commission on Population), is the will and ability of parents to respond to the needs and aspirations of the family and children. It is a shared responsibility of the husband and the wife to determine and achieve the desired number, spacing, and timing of their children according to their own family life aspirations, taking into account psychological preparedness, health status, socio-cultural, and economic concerns (Department of Health, 2011). In connection with this, several studies are conducted in order to determine the different response, views, opinions and perceptions toward this highly intriguing topic especially in our country today.
This chapter is an attempt to review other related studies pertaining to the Responsible Parenthood and its underlying relationship with pre-marital sex and also the various perceptions towards the importance of Responsible Parenthood in the clamor for the betterment of the society.
The Responsible Parenthood Bill or House Bill No. 4244 aims to respect each individuals right to follow his or her conscience and religious convictions on matters and
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issues pertaining to the unity of the family and the sacredness of human life from conception to natural death (Presidential Communications Development and Strategic Planning Office ). Though the RP Bill seems to have a positive intention it could not be avoidable that some institutions to think otherwise. It is but natural that every human being have their own different opinions and perceptions towards many issues and the Responsible Parenthood Bill is just one of many. The importance of the sanctity of life is also the one of the many sensitive matters why some are against this bill. But let us also consider that the creation of this bill may not have an intention to disregard the importance of life but a mere effort to help the betterment of life as well and according to Article 10 of the Civil Code of the Philippines, in case of doubt in the interpretation or application of laws, it is presumed that the lawmaking body intended right and justice to prevail.
Today, our country is faced with the problem of overpopulation; by the beginning of the millennium the estimated population of the Philippines was 81, 159, 650 and six years after a gradual increase of the population was recorded with 89, 468, 680. By the year 2012 the population of the Philippines reach its peak with a total of 103, 775, 000. But the greater concern with the overpopulation is the widespread poverty. A study conducted last 2008 also shows the percentage of unwanted pregnancies that transpired in the Philippines and the outcome, namely increase of poverty, because of such pregnancies. 16
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A number of concerned citizens, through the House of Representatives, proposed this said bill as a suggestion to address the said problem/concern.
Let us first keep in mind that the mitigation of population growth is merely incidental to the promotion of the RP Bill as stated in the bill itself, which aims to protect the rights of each and every member of the family. With the present population of 6,973,738,433 on earth plus the continuing growth of the population, the earth will have a
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population of 9,309,051,539 by the year 2050. Having this number of people on earth, multiple problems can occur not only to the family concerned but also to the society or to the world itself (Sanchez & Custodiosa , 2004). According to the Malthusian Theory because of the natural human urge to reproduce, human population increases geometrically. However, food supply, at most, can only increase arithmetically. Therefore, since food is an essential component to human life, population growth in any area or on the planet, if unchecked, would lead to starvation (Rosenberg, 2007).
According to the Responsible Parenthood Bill or House Bill No. 4244 section 2, the state recognizes and guarantees the exercise of the basic human right to reproductive health by all persons particularly of parents, couples and women, consistent with their convictions and cultural beliefs and the demands of responsible parenthood. But what is controversial about this bill is that it also includes the welfare of adolescents and this in fact is a very sensitive matter because as for many it is likely to promote the exercise of pre-marital sex among young adults.
The Philippines, as a Catholic country, does not encourage the exercise of premarital intimacy. It is quite difficult to really distinguish what will be the reaction/perception of the people most especially the young adults towards the Responsible Parenthood Bill. Before the said Bill had been a controversial issue in the Philippines, let us take into consideration that young adults are already engaging in 18
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premarital intimacy and it though it is true that even if they are discouraged to do so, it is still evident that despite the fact that the Philippines is a Catholic country, adolescents are still leaning towards its exercise. And as a matter of fact a significant proportion of young people engage in high-risk behaviors 23% ever had premarital intimacy, 57% of first sex experience was unplanned and unplanned. About 70% - 80% of their most recent sexual experiences were unprotected (YAFS, 2002).
These figures cited earlier will give you a clear idea on how widespread the practice of pre-marital sex is and the fact that it already begins at an early age then it is much more important to have an idea on the perceptions of young adults towards the Responsible Parenthood Bill.
One of the intention why the researchers have selected a specific age group is for the researchers to obtain a reliable response to the survey questions pertaining to sex, sexuality and contraceptive use which can substantively aid this study in reference to the Responsible Parenthood (RP) Bill. (World Health Organization (Western Pacific Region), 2005) In our study we focused on the young adults, which are from the first to the fourth year tertiary level of the university with an age bracket are of 17 to 22 years old of age.
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These factors why most adolescents engage in pre-marital sex and one of which is the Attachment Theory is focused on the individuals relationship towards their significant others and it also provides theoretical insights into the nature of
intimacy, trust and emotional security. Accordin to Bowlby (1969) the definition of attachment is an emotional bond between two people that extends across time and space. In addition, attachment is a fundamental force in human nature and is active across ones entire lifespan. Being a fundamental force in human nature and as young adults who have developing interest in members of the same sex as well as the opposite sex, attachment triggers casual friendships and romantic relationships as well. These kinds of relationships become more common in the periods of adolescence and usually these relationships contribute benefits in companionship and intimacy. (Cotterell, 2007) These felt intimacies, according to Freud, have different stages according to age, which starts as early as ones birth or infancy. These stages are as follows: Oral Stage, Anal Stage, Phallic Stage, Latency Stage and Genital Stage. All of which are focused on sexuality and the search for pleasure and satisfaction through the different body parts most specially the genitalia during the Adolescent or Genital Stage (Rice, 1996). Most studies show that adolescents were experiencing their sexual or coital debut at a younger age. A 1981 study among female senior college students revealed that almost all of the girls lost their virginity before age 21. (World Health Organization (Western Pacific Region), 2005)
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It was found by the Young Adult Fertility and Sexuality Study I that the median age of first premarital sex or intimacy (PMS) was about 18 years for young women and 21 years for her male partner (YAFS I, 1982). Another study showed that nine of every 10 girls had their first pre-marital sex with their boyfriends or fiancs, suggesting that pre-marital sex is likely to occur for the first time within committed relationships that may eventuallylead to marriage. (World Health Organization (Western Pacific Region), 2005). Among females, about 21% said they had serious relationships or intimate relationships, while 38.6% of males said the same (Xenos, Raymundo andBerja in Cabigon 1999). It was said that the popular venue for the first sexual encounter was the respondents home or his/her partners home (Ogena, 1999)
On the year 1994, another research from the Young Adult Fertility and Sexuality Study or now the YAFS II, showed similar results were found out that average age of sexual debut was of age 18 for male and female. As with the previous findings, the home was where most females had their initial sex encounter with their boyfriends. However, with some boys unlike the previous survey, they most likely had their sexual encounter took place in motels which with the person they had no romantic attachment to. Following the series of studies, the Young Adult Fertility and Sexuality Study III, majority who had pre-marital sex said the first sexual encounter was a spontaneous event. Among 55% of the respondents said that it was something they did not plan but because
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of curiosity and 43% of the respondents said that it was something that they wanted to happen at that time. (Young Adult Fertility and Sexuality Study 2002)
Premarital sex or intimacy among adolescents or young people usually occurs between ages 18-21 years old. Mostly women have sex with their boyfriends or fiancs, while men have sex with someone they are not romantically involved with. Such acts are mostly spontaneous and unplanned (World Health Organization , 2005).
Contraceptive use is low among sexually active adolescent. In the 1993 study of McCann Erickson, only 49% of the youth use protection when having sex. Condoms are used most often (29%), followed by the pill (11%) and other devices (4%).1n 1994, Young Adult Fertility and Sexuality Study II revealed that of the 2.5 million Filipinos aged 15-24 who engage in Premarital sex or intimacy, 74% or about 1.8 million do not use any method to prevent pregnancy, and majority of this number, 1.67 million, are unwilling to become parents. (World Health Organization (Western Pacific Region), 2005)
The 1998 NDS also shows that contraceptive use, especially of modern methods, is low among Philippine teenagers regardless of their residence education and region (AGI in Cabigon 1999). About two out of five sexually active adolescent women have an unmet need for contraception regardless of residences, education, or region (Cabigon 1999). (World Health Organization (Western Pacific Region), 2005) 22
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According to the state of the Philippine population report 2000, many adolescents engage in premarital sex without adequate knowledge of means of avoiding pregnancy and STI. The report cited that among sexually active adolescents, 74% do not use any form of contraception. Also, 78% of sexually active male adolescents have never used a condom (Commission on Population 2001). McCann-Erickson (2000) noted that among those who have had sexual intercourse, over half (54%) do not use contraceptives during sex. For those who use some form of contraceptive, condoms (33%) are the most popular followed by pills (10%) and others (7%). About (4%) refuse to use any contraceptive method. (World Health Organization (Western Pacific Region), 2005)
Contraceptive has changed little recently, as seen in the findings of Young Adult Fertility and Sexuality Study III (2002) study. The study confirmed previous observation that most sexually active young people are not aware of safe sex practice. Only 19%of the respondents used any contraception to protect themselves against the risk of pregnancy or STI the first they had sex. Contraceptive use is higher among boy than among girls. Young boys are more inclined to use a contraceptive method during their first encounter than subsequent ones. Girls are likely to be unproductive the first time, but are more careful in succeeding sexual contract. As indicated in the Young Adult Fertility and Sexuality Study III (2002) results, 62% of women reported that they did not use any contraception during their first sexual experience, while 25%of the males reported the same. (World Health Organization (Western Pacific Region), 2005) 23
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Notably, non-use of contraceptive was highest among the younger ages (15-19) at 24%. Among 25-27 year olds, only 14% reported using any type of contraception during their first premarital sex experience. This may be because of the majority of the first sexual experience were spontaneous but succeeding sexual episodes were also unprotected. As shown in YAFS III (2002), the majority of the most recent sex episode for women (70%) and men (68%) were not protected. Only about a third of young adults who had never married and had premarital sex (PMS) used contraception during their sexual initiation. This was higher than the contraceptive use of all categories of youths who are in union. In term of methods commonly used, 40% relied on withdrawal, 26% used condoms, and 13% used pills (Young Adult Fertility and Sexuality Study III 2002). (World Health Organization (Western Pacific Region), 2005)
In sum, contraceptive use is low among the Filipino youth. It is common for premarital sex experiences to e unprotected. Condoms, pills, and withdrawal are the most commonly used contraceptive methods. Young women are likely to be unprotected the first time they have sex, but are more likely to use contraception in succeeding sexual experiences; the reverse is true among males. Non-use of contraceptives was found to be the highest among younger ages. (World Health Organization (Western Pacific Region), 2005)
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CHAPTER III
Research Design and Methodology
This chapter discusses the research design used in order to attain the answers used for the statement of the problem. This aims to choose the design that will be used in order for the researchers to conclude the findings accurately. The researchers utilized the descriptive design through survey and correlational methods.
Quantitative Method - Descriptive Design Based on the idea that social phenomena can be quantified, measured and expressed numerically. The information about a social phenomenon is expressed in numeric terms that can be analyzed by statistical methods. The observations can be directly numeric information or can be classified into numeric variables. Observations are transformed into a data matrix in which each observation unit (e.g. individual) occupies one row and each variable one column. The data matrix is the starting point for the analysis. (Mamia, 2006)
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As to the purpose of the study, the descriptive design was obtained for the reason that descriptive studies are aimed on finding out "what is," so observational and survey methods are frequently used to collect descriptive data (Borg & Gall, 1989). The researchers made use of the survey in order to find out the different perceptions of the students of a Catholic Tertiary level institution toward the Responsible Parenthood Bill.
It is also essential that the researchers utilize the correlational design in order to also explore the relationship of the two (2) variables of the study namely premarital intimacy and the perceptions towards the Responsible Parenthood Bill. The correlational design was employed to determine the relationship of two dependent variables on how they are manipulated by the independent variable (Calmorin & Calmorin, 2008).
The researchers obtained a list of all the colleges from a Catholic tertiary level institution by using a Slovins formula. In order to achieve the proper representation of participants needed to carry out the survey from each college, the researchers utilized the random sampling method so that different colleges of the university are obtained without subjectivity.
To sum it up the descriptive design is indispensable in view of the fact that this method was used to gather, measure, analyze and interpret the data necessary to answer the questions relevant in the study. 26
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Procedure in Gathering Data

Using the Slovins formula, sample size was determined from the population of each college of the whole Catholic tertiary level educational institution in the Manila area. The researchers went personally to the Registrars office to convey their purpose of identifying the population of each college in the said educational institution. The researchers administered the survey through randomly selected respondents, and conducted an ambush survey corresponding to the sample in the different colleges of entire university.
The researchers made use of the survey questionnaires, with dichotomous and multiple-choice questions, to accumulate all the necessary data to carry out the objectives of the study. The primary purpose of a survey is to elicit information, which, after evaluation, results in a profile or statistical characterization of the population sampled. Questions may be related to behaviors, beliefs, attitudes, and/or characteristics of those who are surveyed (Economic, Demographic and Statistical Research, 2012). The questionnaire consists of dichotomous and multiple choice questions. Dichotomous questions are those which answers the question by either yes or no while multiple choice questions provides a variety of answers that the respondents can choose from.
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Sampling Technique
Slovins Formula was used to compute for the sample size.
n = Number of samples
N = Total population
e = Error tolerance, 5%
Population of the University of Santo Tomas College College of Architecture College of Commerce College of Education College of Fine Arts College of Nursing College of Rehabilitation Sciences College of Science College of Tourism and Hospitality Conservatory of Music Faculty of Arts and Letters Faculty of Canon Law Faculty of Civil Law Faculty of Engineering Faculty of Medicine and Surgery Faculty of Pharmacy Faculty of Philosphy Faculty of Sacred Theology Graduate School Institute of Physical Educcation UST-AMV TOTAL Population 2223 3970 2076 2320 1875 1365 2810 2037 717 4266 55 635 7424 2150 3126 63 196 1764 245 3999 43316 Sample Size Needed per College 20 36 19 21 17 12 26 19 7 39 1 6 68 20 28 1 2 16 2 36 396 1st Year 5 10 5 6 5 2 7 5 3 11 1 3 17 5 7 1 1 12 1 10 2nd Year 4 10 5 5 4 3 6 5 1 10 0 1 15 6 7 0 1 1 1 9 3rd Year 4 8 5 5 4 3 6 4 1 9 0 1 14 5 6 0 0 3 0 8 4th Year 7 8 4 5 4 4 7 5 2 9 0 1 22 4 8 0 0 0 0 9 Total 16 36 19 21 17 11 26 19 7 39 1 6 60 20 28 1 2 16 2 36
From the population of 43,316 students of the educational institution located in Manila after utilizing the Slovins formula in computing for the sample size we arrived at the population of n=396, sample size was distributed per College by applying probability proportionate to size (number of enrollees per College).
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Statistical Treatment
The researchers made use of percentages and frequencies to accurately provide statistics and graphical displays that are useful for describing all different types of variables (Weaver, 2013).
In order for the researchers to find out if there is an existing relationship between the practice of premarital intimacy and the perception towards the RP bill they made use of the Chi Square Statistic. A chi square (X2) statistic is used to investigate whether distributions of categorical variables differ from one another. Basically categorical variable yield data in the categories and numerical variables yield data in numerical form (Eck).
They say a picture is worth a thousand words. The same thing could be said about a graph. Good graphs convey information quickly and easily to the user. Graphs highlight salient features of the data. They can show relationships that are not obvious from studying a list of numbers. Graphs can also provide a convenient way to compare different sets of data (Taylor). These are the main reasons why the researchers made use of graphs as well as tables.
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RESULTS AND INTERPRETATION

This chapter discusses the results and interpretation of the data gathered by the researchers. These were developed from the qualitative descriptive design in accordance with the problems identified in Chapter I.
Colleges
20.57% 25.00% 20.00% 10.86% 10.29% 15.00% 9.14% 7.71% 6.57% 6.29% 6.00% 6.00% 10.00% 4.29% 3.43% 2.00% 2.86% 2.29% 1.14% 0.57% 5.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Percentage
Figure 1
Figure 1 presents the various colleges or faculty of a certain educational institution located in Manila where the researchers got the respondents. Among the colleges, which have been surveyed by the researchers, the Faculty of Engineering has the biggest number of respondents with a total of sixty eight (68) respondents among the eighteen while the college, which has the smallest or least number of respondents, belongs to both the Faculty of Philosophy and Canon Law with both having one (1) respondent each. 30
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Religion
100.00% 80.00% 60.00% 40.00% 20.00% 0.00% 1.14% 0.29% 3.14% 0.29% 1.43% 0.29% 0.29% 93.14%
Figure 2
Figure 2 presents the different religious denominations of the respondents from a the students of the University of Santo Tomas. The most prominent among the religions of the respondents are the Roman Catholics with a total of three hundred twenty six (326) while the second are the Protestants with eleven (11) members. Third for Born Again Christians with five (5) members while the fourth are Muslims with four (4) members. Religions with only one (1) member for each include Buddhists, Iglesia Ni Cristo, Baptists and Methodists.
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AGE
4.29% 10.86% 23.71% 11.71% 17.71% 16 17 18 19 20 31.71% Above 20 years old
Figure 3
Figure 3 shows the age distribution of each of the respondents. Respondents with ages 19 garnered 31.71% of the total respondents or approximately one hundred eleven respondents. Followed by respondents with ages 20 garnered 23.71% the total respondents or approximately eighty-three respondents. Followed by respondents with ages 18 garnered 17.71% of the total respondents or approximately sixty-two (62) of the respondents. Followed by respondents with ages 17 garnered 11/71% or approximately forty-one (41) of the respondents. Respondents with ages above 20 garnered 10.86% or approximately thirty-eight (38) of the respondents. Lastly, respondents ages 16 garnered 4.29% or approximately 15 of the respondents.
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Gender
43.71% 56.29% Male Female
Figure 4
Figure 4 presents the gender of the respondents and here it is shown that 56.29% of the respondents are female or approximately one hundred ninety-seven of the total respondents while 43.71% of the respondents are male or approximately one hundred fifty-three of the respondents.
5.71%
Sexual Preference 2.86%

Straight 91.14% Bisexual Gay
Figure 5
Figure 5 shows the various sexual preferences of the respondents from a Catholic Tertiary Level Educational Institution. 91.14% or three hundred nineteen (319) of the respondents are straight. 5.71% or twenty (20) of the respondents are bisexual while 2.86% or ten (10) of the respondents consider themselves gay. 33
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Awareness of the RP Bill

26.57% 15.71% I am fully aware I am moderately I am somewhat aware 57.71%
Figure 5
Figure 5 shows the level of awareness of the respondents. 57.71% or two hundred two (202) of the respondents are moderately aware of the Responsible Parenthood Bill or House Bill No. 4244. 26.75% or ninety-three (93) of the respondents are only somewhat aware of the said bill while 15.71% or fifty-five (55) of the respondents are fully aware of the said bill.
3.71%
Understanding of RP Bill
Option 1 Option 3 Option 5 Option 2 Option 4
11.14% 12.29% 55.43% 17.43%
Figure 6
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Figure 6 shows the various understanding of the respondents towards the Responsible Parenthood Bill or House Bill No. 4244. 55. 43% or one hundred ninety four (194) of the respondents interpreted that the The State must respect each individuals right to follow his or her conscience and religious convictions on matters and issues pertaining to the unity of the family and the sacredness of human life from conception to natural death. 17.43% or sixty-one (61) of the respondents interpreted that this bill will only promote greater sexual promiscuity and immorality because all kinds of contraceptives, condoms and the like will be readily available to all for free. 12.29% or forty-three (43) of the respondents interpreted that This Bill is a violation of Freedom of Religion and the principle of the Separation of the Church and the State, as it makes mandatory sexuality education; promotes the use of contraceptives; and imposes criminal sanction for violation thereof. 11.14% or thirty-nine of the respondents interpreted that In a situation where couples, especially the poor and disadvantaged ones, are in no position to make an informed judgment, the State has the responsibility to so provide. while only 3.71% or thirteen (13) of the respondents answered among others.
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How are you informed of the said Bill?

100.00% 80.00% 60.00% 40.00% 20.00% 0.00% Peers Parents Media Social Media Figure 7 Religious Others 50.57% 22.57% 57.43% Percentage 18.86% 2.00% 80.57%
Figure 7 presents how the respondents are informed of the Responsible Parenthood Bill or House Bill No. 4244. 80.57 % or two hundred eighty-two (282) of the respondents are greatly informed from the media. 57.43% or two hundred one (201) of the respondents are informed through the social media. 50.57% or one hundred seventyseven (177) of the respondents are informed through their peers. 22.57% or seventy- nine (79) of the respondents are informed through their parents. 18.86% or sixty-six (66) of the respondents are informed through their religious groups or affiliations while other people or paraphernalia informs only 2% or seven (7) of the respondents.
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Are you updated on the current status of RP Bill?

24.00% 76.00% I am Updated I am not Updated
Figure 8
Figure 8 shows if the respondents are updated or not on the current status of Responsible Parenthood Bill or House Bill No. 4244. 76% or two hundred sixty six (266) of the respondents answered that they are not updated of the current status of the said bill while only 24% or eighty-four of the respondents answered that they are updated of the said bill.
Stand on RP Bill
44% 28% 28% I am Pro RH Bill I am anti RH Bill Neutral
Figure 9
Figure 9 shows the stand of the respondents towards the Responsible Parenthood Bill or House Bill No. 4244. 44% or one hundred fifty-four (154) of the respondents are neutral towards the said bill. 28.29% or ninety-nine (99) of the respondents are pro RP Bill while 27. 71% are ninety-seven are anti RP Bill. 37
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What influenced you?

60.00% 50.00% 40.00% 30.00% 20.00% 10.00% 0.00%
Figure 10
Figure 10 shows what influences the respondents to be either pro or anti Responsible Parenthood Bill or House Bill No. 4244. 55.14% or one hundred ninetythree (193) of the respondents answered that what influences them is their understanding of the said bill. 39.43% or one hundred thirty-eight (138) of the respondents answered that what influences them is their countrys current state while 36.57% or one hundred twenty-eight (128) influenced them is their religious beliefs. 15.14% or fifty-three (53) answered that they are influenced by their family life while only 3.43% or twelve of the respondents are influenced by their relationship status.
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Are you in a Relationship?

14.00% 32.00% Yes, I'm in a relationship 54.00% No, I'm not in a relationship Currently Dating
Figure 11
Figure 11 presents whether the respondents are currently dating, in a relationship or not in a relationship. 54% or one hundred eighty-nine of the respondents answered that they are no in a relationship. 32% or one hundred twelve of the respondents are in a relationship while 14% or forty-nine of the respondents are currently in the dating stage of the relationship.
Do you engage in Pre- Marital Sex?

12.57% 6.57% Yes, I engage in premarital Sex and use protection 80.86% Yes, I engage in premarital sex and but do not use protection. No, I do not engage in premarital sex.
Figure 12
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Figure 12 shows whether or not the respondents engage in premarital sex or not. Majority of the respondents about 80.86% or two hundred eighty- three (283) of the respondents answered that they do not engage in premarital sex. 12.57% or forty-four (44) of the respondents do engage in premarital sex but use protection while 6.57% or twenty- three (23) of the respondents do engage in premarital sex but do not use protection.
Estimated Monthly Family Income

35.00% 30.00% 25.00% 20.00% 15.00% 10.00% 5.00% 0.00%
Figure 13
Figure 13 presents the estimated monthly family income of the respondents. Most of the respondents about 32.57% or one hundred fourteen (114) of them answered that their estimated family income is 100,001 and above. 11.14% or thirty-nine (39) have an estimated family income 50,001-60,000 while 10.86% or thirty- eight (38) have an estimated family income of 40,001- 50,000. 9.71% or thirty-four (34) have an estimated family income of 70,001- 80,000 while 8% or twenty- eight (28) of the respondents have an estimated family income of 90,001- 100,000. 6.57% or twenty- three (23) of the 40
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respondents have an estimated family income 30,001- 40,000 while 4.86% or seventeen (17) of the respondents have an estimated family income of 60, 001- 70,000. 4.29% or fifteen (15) of the respondents have an estimated family income below 10,000 while 3.71% or thirteen (13) have an estimated family income of 10,001- 20,000.
Do you think RP Bill should be passed?

Yes, it should be passed
46.00% 54.00%
No, it should not be passed
Figure 14
Figure 14 answers the question whether or not the Responsible Parenthood Bill or House Bill No. 4244 should be passed or not. According to the answers of the respondents, majority of them about 54% or one hundred eighty- nine (189) responded that it should not be passed while 46% or one hundred sixty-one of the respondents responded that it should be passed.
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Do the students of a Catholic Tertiary Level Educational Institution located in Manila engaging in pre-marital sex affect their perception towards the Responsible Parenthood Bill or House Bill No. 4244?
Chi Square Value
Critical Value (0.05,2) Failed to Reject Insignificant Relationship Decision Conclusion
3.31
5.99 Null
Since the Chi Square value of 3.31 did not exceed its critical value of 5.99, we have sufficient evidence to say that students status on whether or not they engage in premarital sex have no significant effect on their perception towards Responsible Parenthood Bill or House Bill No. 4244.
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Are the students of a Catholic Tertiary Level Educational institution located in Manila get affected by their religion towards their view of the Responsible Parenthood Bill or House Bill No. 4244?
Chi Square Value 0.75
Critical Value (0.05,1)
Decision
Conclusion Insignificant Relationship
Failed to Reject 3.84 Null
Since the Chi Square value of 0.75 did not exceed its critical value of 3.84, we have sufficient evidence to say that students religion has no significant effect on their perception towards Responsible Parenthood Bill or House Bill No. 4244.
Statistical Treatment Chi Square Test of Independence Weighted Mean with the following Scale
Weighted Mean
Interpretation
1.00 1.76 2.51 3.26
1.75 Strongly Disagree 2.50 Disagree 3.25 Agree 4.00 Strongly Agree
Very Positive Perception Positive Perception Negative Perception Very Negative Perception 43
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Perceptions of the students of a Catholic Tertiary Level Educational institution located in Manila towards the Responsible Parenthood Bill or House Bill No. 4244?
Perception on RH Bill RP Bill will just promote premarital sex among teenagers. RP Bill will just waste the budget/money of the Philippines. RP Bill will just result to more unexpected pregnancy. RP Bill will not aid in controlling the population RP Bill is anti- Christ. RP Bill will increase immorality. General Weighted Mean
Weighted Mean 2.84 2.70 2.47 2.34 2.30 2.55 2.54
Interpretation Agree Agree Disagree Disagree Disagree Agree Negative Perception
The Chi square statistics shows that the perceptions of the students of the University of Santo Tomas with regard to the House Bill No. 4244 otherwise known as The Responsible Parenthood, Reproductive Health, and Population and Development Act of 2012 gravitated more towards the negative perception of said respondents
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Students engagement in premarital intimacy

The majority of the respondents about 80.86% or two hundred eighty- three (283) do not engage in premarital sex while 12. 57% or forty- four (44) do engage in premarital sex but do use protection and 6.57% ore twenty- three (23) do not use any protection. The researchers conclude that though the majority of the respondents do not engage in premarital sex it is still vital to consider that a large number of them roughly around 19.14% or sixty- seven (67) of the total respondent do engage some of them use contraception or protection while the others do not.
Stand of the students of the University of Santo Tomas on HB No. 4244

A large number of the respondents about 44% or one hundred fifty- four (144) of them answered that they are neutral or indifferent on whether they are for or against the said Bill. On the other hand the Pro-RP Bill respondents constitute 28.29% or ninetynine (99) of the total respondents while 27. 21% or ninety- seven (97) of these respondents are against or anti the RP Bill. It is also important to note that even though the majority answered that they are neutral or in the middle- ground they can still be either pro or anti- the said Bill so in the end what would determine if these people are either pro or anti is whether they would want the Bill to be passed or not.
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Relationship of premarital intimacy and perception towards the Responsible Parenthood Bill
The researchers conclude that the respondents perception toward the RP Bill is not affected by the exercise of premarital sex. According to the Chi Square Value we have sufficient evidence to say that students status on whether they engage on premarital sex or not has no significant effect on their perception towards RP Bill. It is vital that we state that there is no significant relationship though it is embodied in this text.
Religion and Perception towards the Responsible Parenthood Bill

The researchers with the aid of the results gathered from survey conducted and with the use of the Chi Square Value came into the conclusion that even though 93.14% or three hundred twenty- six (326) of the respondents are Roman Catholics, religion still does not have any significant effect on the perceptions of the respondents towards the Responsible Parenthood Bill.
Responsible Parenthood Bill and the promotion of premarital intimacy

Majority of the respondents answered positively meaning that they agree that the passage of the Responsible Parenthood Bill will only aid in the gradual growth in the number of teenagers who will most likely engage in premarital sex.
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CHAPTER V
CONCLUSION
Through the data gathered by the researchers, It is surprising to know that onefourth (19.14% and 5.67%) of the population do practice or engage in pre-marital sex, in the same way it is a relief that that majority do not conform to such act as of this moment. The perception of the respondents mainly the students in the University of Santo Tomas to the Responsible Parenthood Bill or House bill No. 4244 is not affected as to whether or not one engages in premarital sexual activity. Though the majority of the students are neutral on this concern, it is really hard to say which of the two parties (pro or anti) shall prevail since both figures are close to each other and since the great majority is neutral, these people could either be anyone of the two parties. Moreover the researchers found out that here is no relationship between the practices of premarital sex the students of the University of Santo Tomas and their perception towards the Responsible Parenthood Bill or House Bill No. 4244. Lastly the researchers conclude that the perceptions of the students of the University of Santo Tomas with regard to the House Bill No. 4244 otherwise known as The Responsible Parenthood, Reproductive Health, and Population and Development Act of 2012 gravitated more towards the negative perception of said respondents.
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RECOMMENDATIONS
1. According to the study conducted by the researchers one of the recommendations that is considered vital is the broad dissemination of the sensitive topics relating to the practice of premarital sex and the Responsible Parenthood Bill should be pushed to a higher level of attention. That is why the researchers would want to recommend to future researchers to also make an in depth study of the respondents personal relationship with his / her family as well as others and including his/ faith. 2. Since the study showed that 25% of the respondents do engage in premarital sex, the educational institution can either aid in the prevention through the faculty or guidance office of the said acts or educate the students or respondents to prevent unwanted pregnancies. 3. Since part of the study is behavioral, the researchers recommend for the educational institution to further improve its current legislation through the data collected and gathered by the researchers. 4. Lastly, it is crucial that not only the students are the ones knowledgeable of the prevalence of pre-marital sex in the society but also their parents, who are somewhat the key people in that, can deeply affect their decisions in their everyday lives. They can be that weapon to help prevent the increase of the frequency of such act.
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REFERENCES
Villegas, D. B. (2011, August 9). Premarital sex among Filipino teenagers . Retrieved August 6, 2012, from Inquirer.net: http://business.inquirer.net/13775/premaritalsex-among-filipino-teenagers Department of Health. (2011, Otcober). Retrieved September 16, 2012, from Responsible Parenthood: http://www.doh.gov.ph/content/what-meantresponsible-parenthood Presidential Communications Development and Strategic Planning Office . (n.d.). Official Gazette. Retrieved September 16, 2012, from Responsible Parenthood: http://www.gov.ph/responsible-parenthood/ Sanchez, R. A., & Custodiosa , A. (2004). HUman Sexuality, Family Planning and Responsible Parenthood. Mandaluyong: National Bookstore. Rosenberg, M. (2007, September 9). Population Geography. Retrieved September 16, 2012, from About Website: http://geography.about.com/od/populationgeography/a/malthus.htm Howe, W. (2011, August 29). Why is the Catholic Church against the Reproductive Health Bill? Read more: http://wiki.answers.com/Q/Why_is_the_Catholic_Church_against_the_Reproductive_H ealth_Bill#ixzz26poxAJHJ. Retrieved September 18, 2012, from Wiki Answers:
http://wiki.answers.com/Q/Why_is_the_Catholic_Church_against_the_Reproductive _Health_Bill#ixzz26pnwLEwt World Health Organization (Western Pacific Region). (2005). Sexual and Reproductive Health of Adolescents andyouths in the Philippines. A Review of Literature and Projects 1995-2003 , 15. World Health Organization (Western Pacific Region). (2005). Sexual and Reproductive Health of Adolescents and Youths in the Philippines . A Review of Literature and Projects 1995-2003 , 33. World Health Organization (Western Pacific Region). (2005). Sexual and Reproductive Health of Adolescents and Youths in the Philippines (A Review in Literature and Projects in 1995-2003). 37-38. 49
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World Health Organization (Western Pacific Region). (2005). Sexual and Reproductive Health of Adolescents and Youths in the Philippines. 38-39. Calmorin, M. A., & Calmorin, L. P. (2008). Research Methods and Thesis Writing (Vol. Second). Manila: Rex Bookstore, Inc. World Health Organization . (2005). Sexual and Reproductive Health of Adolescents and Youths in the Philippines. Manila: World Health Organizartion. Weaver, W. (2013). Module B4:Basic Data Analysis Techniques. Retrieved February 7, 2013, from UNESCO: http://www4.unescobkk.org/education/efatraining/moduleb4/2-descriptive-statistics/
Eck, D. (n.d.). Chi Square Statistics. Retrieved February 6, 2013, from Mathbeans: http://math.hws.edu/javamath/ryan/ChiSquare.html Taylor, C. (n.d.). 7 Common Graphs in Statistics. Retrieved February 07, 2013, from About Website: http://statistics.about.com/od/HelpandTutorials/a/7-CommonGraphs-In-Statistics.htm Economic, Demographic and Statistical Research. (2012, August). Survey Questionnaire Design. Retrieved February 07, 2013, from Fairfox Country: http://www.fairfaxcounty.gov/demogrph/pdf/questionnairedesign.pdf Mamia, T. (2006, February 02). Quantitative Research Methods . Retrieved February 06, 2013, from General studies / ISSS: http://people.uta.fi/~tm47874/opetus/luennot/lecture1.pdf Hindin, M. J., & Fatusi, A. O. (2009). Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health in Developing Countries: An Overview of Trends and Interventions. International Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health , 35 (2). Tupaz, V. (2012, September 2). Why the RH Bill is also a youth issue. Retrieved February 6, 2013, from Rappler: http://www.rappler.com/move-ph/11617-whythe-rh-bill-is-also-a-youth-issue
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APPENDIX A
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Questionnaire No. ____ Date: _____________ Introduction: Greetings! We are senior students major in Legal Management of the University of Santo Tomas. As part of our thesis, this survey questionnaire is administered in partial fulfillment of our study entitled: A Correlational Study on Students of the University of Santo Tomas With Regard to Premarital Sex and Their Perceptions on the Responsible Parenthood Bill or House Bill No. 4244. In this study, we would like to identify the different perceptions of the students the University of Santo Tomas in the Philippines with regards to pre-marital sex and Responsible Parenthood Bill or House Bill 4244. This questionnaire is comprised of questions relating to the perception of the respondents toward the Responsible Parenthood Bill or House Bill No. 4244 and the relationship of the said bill with respondents sexual behavior. Please answer all questions. We assure you that any information disclosed in our survey would be kept highly confidential. Thank you and good day! Monje, Kathreen Li V. Rivera, Juan Rafael G. Zamora, Mavreen Icon R. Survey Directions: Please check ( )the answer that corresponds to your choice. Thank You! Respondents Profile: A. College Roman Catholic Muslim Buddhists Protestants Iglesia ni Cristo Others (please specify): B. Age: ________ C. Sex: D. Sexual Preference: Male ________ Straight________ Female________ Bisexual________ Gay________
________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________________
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PERCEPTION: Perception RP Bill will just promote premarital sex among teenagers. RP Bill will just waste the budget/money of the Philippines. RP Bill will just result to more unexpected pregnancy. RP Bill will not aid in controlling the population RP Bill is anti- Christ. RP Bill will increase immorality. 1) How aware are you of the Responsible Parenthood Bill or House Bill No. 4244? I am fully aware of the Responsible Parenthood Bill. I am moderately aware of the Responsible Parenthood Bill. I am somewhat aware of the Responsible Parenthood Bill. 2) What is your understanding of the Responsible Parenthood Bill?
The State must respect each individuals right to follow his or her conscience and religious convictions on matters and issues pertaining to the unity of the family and the sacredness of human life from conception to natural death. This bill will only promote greater sexual promiscuity and immorality because all kinds of contraceptives, condoms and the like will be readily available to all for free. This Bill is a violation of Freedom of Religion and the principle of the Separation of the Church and the State, as it makes mandatory sexuality education; promotes the use of contraceptives; and imposes criminal sanction for violation thereof. In a situation where couples, especially the poor and disadvantaged ones, are in no position to make an informed judgment, the State has the responsibility to so provide. Others
Strongly Agree
Agree
Disagree
Strongly Disagree
________ ________ ________
________
________ ________
________ ________
3) How are you informed of the said Bill? ( You may choose more than 1) Through peers Through parents or siblings Through tri-media (tv, radio, etc.) Through social media (facebook, twitter, etc.)
________ ________ ________ ________ 52
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Through religious groups Others (Please specify): ________________________ 4) Are you updated on the current status of the RP Bill? I am updated. I am not updated.
________
________ ________
5) What is your stand on the said Bill? (If pro/ anti proceed to question no. 5.1 and if neither proceed to question no. 6) I am pro- RP Bill. I am anti- RP Bill. Neutral
________ ________ ________
5.1) What influenced you to be Pro/ Anti- Responsible Parenthood Bill? (You may choose more than 1) My understanding of the effects of the said Bill My religious beliefs My countrys current state My family life My relationship status Others (Please specify): ________________________ 6) Are you currently in a relationship? Yes, I am in a relationship. No, I am not in a relationship. Currently dating
________ ________ ________ ________ ________
________ ________ ________
7) Do you engage in premarital sex? Yes, I engage in premarital sex and use protection.
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Yes, I engage in premarital sex and but do not use protection. No, I do not engage in premarital sex. 8) What is your estimated Monthly Family income? (Php) Below 10,000 10, 001 20,000 20,001 30,000 30,001 40,000 40, 001 50,000 50,001 60,000 60,001 70,000 70,001 80,000 80,001 90,000 90,001 100,000
________ ________
________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________
100,001- above
9) Do you think that the Responsible Parenthood Bill SHOULD be passed? Yes, it should be passed. No, it should not be passed.
________ ________
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APPENDIX B
FREQUENCY TABLES
College Architecture Commerce Education Fine Arts and Design Nursing Rehabilitation Sciences Tourism and Hospitality Management Conservatory of Music Arts and Letters Canon Law Civil Law Engineering Medicine and Surgery Pharmacy Philosophy Sacred Theology Accountancy College of Science TOTAL Table 1
Frequency 21 36 21 23 8 12 22 7 38 0 4 72 10 15 0 2 32 27 350
Percentage 6.00% 10.29% 6.00% 6.57% 2.29% 3.43% 6.29% 2.00% 10.86% 0.00% 1.14% 20.57% 2.86% 4.29% 0.00% 0.57% 9.14% 7.71% 100.00%
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Religion Roman Catholic Muslim Buddhist Protestants Iglesia ni Cristo Born Again Christian Baptist Methodists TOTAL Table 2 AGE 16 17 18 19 20 Above 20 years old TOTAL Table 3
Frequency 326 4 1 11 1 5 1 1 350
Percentage 93.14% 1.14% 0.29% 3.14% 0.29% 1.43% 0.29% 0.29% 100.00%
Frequency 15 41 62 111 83 38 350
Percentage 4.29% 11.71% 17.71% 31.71% 23.71% 10.86% 100.00%
Gender Male Female Total
Frequency 153 197 350 Table 4
Percentage 43.71% 56.29% 100.00%
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Sexual Preference Straight Bisexual Gay Total
Frequency 319 20 10 350 Table 5
Percentage 91.14% 5.71% 2.86% 100.00%
Perception on RP Bill RP Bill will just promote premarital sex among teenagers. RP Bill will just waste the budget/money of the Philippines. RP Bill will just result to more unexpected pregnancy. RP Bill will not aid in controlling the population RP Bill is anti- Christ. RP Bill will increase immorality. General Weighted Mean Table 6
Weighted Mean 2.84 2.70 2.47 2.34 2.30 2.55 2.54
Interpretation Agree Agree Disagree Disagree Disagree Agree Negative Perception
How aware are you of the Responsible Parenthood Bill or House Bill No. 4244 I am fully aware of the Responsible Parenthood Bill I am moderately aware of the responsible Parenthood Bill I am somewhat aware of the responsible Parenthood TOTAL Table 7
Frequency
Percentage
55 202 93 350
15.71% 57.71% 26.57% 100.00%
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Understanding of RP Bill The State must respect each individuals right to follow his or her conscience and religious convictions on matters and issues pertaining to the unity of the family and the sacredness of human life from conception to natural death. This bill will only promote greater sexual promiscuity and immorality because all kinds of contraceptives, condoms and the like will be readily available to all for free.
Frequency
Percentage
194
55.43%
61
17.43%
This Bill is a violation of Freedom of Religion and the principle of the Separation of the Church and the State, as it makes mandatory sexuality education; promotes the use of contraceptives; and imposes criminal sanction for violation thereof. In a situation where couples, especially the poor and disadvantaged ones, are in no position to make an informed judgment, the State has the responsibility to so provide Others TOTAL Table 8 How are you informed of RP Bill? Peers Parents Media Social Media Religious Others Frequency 177 79 282 201 66 7 Table 9
43
12.29%
39 13 350
11.14% 3.71% 100.00%
Percentage 50.57% 22.57% 80.57% 57.43% 18.86% 2.00%
Rank 3 3 1 2 4 5
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Are you updated on the current status of the RP Bill? I am Updated I am not Updated Total Table 10 What is your stand on the said Bill?
Frequency 84 266 350
Percentage 24.00% 76.00% 100.00%
I am Pro RP Bill I am anti RP Bill Neutral Total
Frequency 99 97 154 350

Table 11
Percentage 28.29% 27.71% 44.00% 100.00%
What influenced you to be Pro/ Anti- Responsible Parenthood Bill
Frequency 193 128 138 53 12 1
Percentage 55.14% 36.57% 39.43% 15.14% 3.43% 0.29%
Understanding Religious Country Family Relationship Others

Table 12
Are you in a Relationship Yes, I'm in a relationship No, I'm not in a relationship Currently Dating Total
Table 13
Frequency 112 189 49 350
Percentage 32.00% 54.00% 14.00% 100.00%
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Do you engage in Pre-Marital Sex? Yes, I engage in premarital Sex and use protection Yes, I engage in premarital sex and but do not use protection. No, I do not engage in premarital sex. Total
Table 14
Frequency 44 23 283 350
Percentage 12.57% 6.57% 80.86% 100.00%
Estimated Monthly Income Below 10,000 10,001 - 20,000 20,001- 30,000 30,001 -40,000 40,001-50,000 50,001-60,000 60,001-70,000 70,001-80,000 80,001-90,000 90,001-100,000 100,001- Above Total
Frequency 15 13 10 23 38 39 17 34 19 28 114 350
Percentage 4.29% 3.71% 2.86% 6.57% 10.86% 11.14% 4.86% 9.71% 5.43% 8.00% 32.57% 100.00%
Table 15 Do you think that the Responsible Parenthood Bill SHOULD be passed
Frequency 161 189 350
Percentage 46.00% 54.00% 100.00%
Yes, it should be passed No, it should not be passed Total

Table 16
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APPENDIX C
CONGRESS OF THE PHILIPPINES FIFTEENTH CONGRESS Third Regular Session HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES H. No. 4244 ============ BY REPRESENTATIVES LAGMAN, GARIN (J.), BAG-AO, BELLO, BIAZON, ILAGAN, DE JESUS, GO (A.), ESTRELLA, BINAY, FLORES, YAP (S.), PALMONES, BAGUILAT, BANAL, ZUBIRI, ORTEGA (F.), JAAFAR, ERIGUEL, AMANTE-MATBA, LEONEN-PIZARRO, CAGAS, ESCUDERO, DY, SAHIDULLA, JALOSJOS (R.), ARROYO (I.), LOPEZ (C.J.), SINGSON (R.V.), FERRIOL, FERRER (J.), DUAVIT, CELESTE, CASIO, DATUMANONG, JALOSJOS (S.), JOSON, MENDOZA (R.), PALATINO, PADILLA, PICHAY, SAMBAR, TINIO, YU, GO (A.C.), MARCOLETA, AGLIPAY, KHO (D.), DIMAPORO (F.), BELMONTE (V.), MARIANO, COLMENARES, SINGSON (E.), BRAVO, LOYOLA, CAJAYON, RADAZA, ALBANO, ORTEGA (V.), GARIN (S.), BRIONES, ARQUIZA,
CATAMCO, TOMAWIS, BATOCABE, COJUANGCO (E.), VERGARA, AVANCEFUENTES, VILLAFUERTE, PAEZ, DIAZ, PING-AY, HARESCO, LACSON-NOEL, PANGANDAMAN (S.), COJUANGCO (K.), TREAS, TUPAS, OCAMPO,
CANONIGO, SEMA, CASTELO, BIRON, HERRERA-DY, KHO (A.), SARMIENTO (M.), MAGSAYSAY (E.), EVARDONE, BENALDO, UNABIA, CORTUNA, GUANLAO AND EBDANE, PER COMMITTEE REPORT NO. 664 ============
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AN ACT PROVIDING FOR A COMPREHENSIVE POLICY ON RESPONSIBLE PARENTHOOD, REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH, AND POPULATION AND
DEVELOPMENT, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the Philippines in Congress assembled: SECTION 1. Title. This Act shall be known as 1 The Responsible Parenthood, Reproductive Health, and Population and Development Act of 2012. SEC. 2. Declaration of Policy. The State recognizes 1 the Filipino family as the foundation of the nation. Accordingly, it shall strengthen its solidarity and actively promote its total development. The State shall defend the right of spouses to found a family in accordance with their religious convictions and the demands of responsible parenthood. The State recognizes and guarantees the exercise of the basic human right and, pursuant to the declaration of State policies under Article II, it is the duty of the State to protect and strengthen the family as a basic autonomous social institution and equally protect the life of the mother and the life of the unborn from conception. Likewise, the State recognizes and guarantees the right to reproductive health by all persons, particularly of parents, couples and women, consistent with their religious convictions, cultural beliefs and the demands of responsible parenthood. The family is the natural and fundamental unit of society and is entitled to protection by society and the 62
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State. The 2000 Beijing Declaration and the Platform for Action on the Rights of the
Child provides that the State shall be in conformity with all human rights and fundamental freedoms, and the significance of a full respect for various religions and ethical values, cultural backgrounds and philosophical convictions of individuals and their communities. Toward this end, there shall be no discrimination against any person on grounds of gender, age, religion, disabilities, political affiliation and ethnicity. Moreover, the State recognizes and guarantees the promotion of gender equality, equity and womens empowerment as a health and human rights concern. The advancement and protection of womens rights shall be central to the efforts of the State to address reproductive healthcare. As a distinct but inseparable measure to the guarantee of womens rights, the State recognizes and guarantees the promotion of the welfare and rights of children. The State recognizes marriage as an inviolable social institution and the 1 foundation of the family which in turn is the foundation of the nation. Pursuant thereto, the State shall defend the right of spouses to found a family in accordance with their religious convictions and the demands of responsible parenthood and the right of children to receive proper care and nutrition and to special protection from all forms of neglect, abuse, cruelty, exploitation and other conditions prejudicial to their development. The State shall protect and promote the right to health of women especially mothers in particular and of the people in general and instill health consciousness among them. The State shall likewise protect and advance the right of families in particular and the people in general to a balanced and healthful environment in accord with the rhythm and 63
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harmony of nature. The State likewise guarantees public access to relevant information
and education on natural Billings Ovulation Method, medically safe, legal, ethical, moral, affordable, effective and quality reproductive healthcare services, methods, devices that do not violate the freedom of religion and supplies which do not prevent the implantation of a fertilized ovum in the uterus and the protection of the life of the unborn from conception as determined by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and shall prioritize the needs of poor women, men and children in marginalized families as identified through the National Household Targeting System for Poverty Reduction (NHTS-PR) and other government measures of identifying marginalization, who shall be voluntary beneficiaries of reproductive healthcare, services and supplies for free. The State shall also promote openness to life: Provided, That parents bring forth to the world only those children whom they can raise in a truly humane way. The State shall eradicate discriminatory practices, laws and policies that infringe on a persons exercise of reproductive health rights. SEC. 3. Guiding Principles. The following principles 1 constitute the framework upon which this Act is anchored: (a) Freedom of choice, which is central to the exercise of right, must be fully guaranteed by the State; (b) Respect for, protection and fulfillment of reproductive health and rights seek to promote the rights and welfare of couples, adult individuals, women and adolescents; (c) Since human resource is among the principal assets of the country, maternal health, 64
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safe delivery of healthy children and their full human development, sound replacement
rate and responsible parenting must be ensured through effective reproductive healthcare; (d) The provision of ethical and medically safe, legal, accessible, affordable and effective reproductive healthcare services and supplies is essential in the promotion of peoples right to health, especially of the poor and marginalized; (e) The State shall promote, without bias, all effective natural and modern methods of family planning that are medically safe and legal for the poor and marginalized as identified through the NHTS-PR and other government measures of identifying marginalization: Provided, That the State shall also provide funding support to promote modern natural methods of family planning, especially the Billings Ovulation Method, consistent with the needs of acceptors and the tenets or teachings of their religion; (f) The State shall promote programs that: (1) enable couples, individuals and women to have the number of children they desire with due consideration to existing laws, public morals and religious beliefs on the health of women and in accordance with their religious convictions: Provided, That no one shall be deprived, for economic reasons, of the rights to have children; (2) achieve equitable allocation and utilization of resources; (3) ensure effective partnership among the national government, the 1 local government units (LGUs) and the private sector in the design, implementation, coordination, integration, monitoring and evaluation of people-centered programs to enhance the quality of life and environmental protection; (4) conduct studies to analyze demographic trends including demographic dividends from sound population policies towards 65
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sustainable human development; and (5) conduct scientific studies to determine safety
and efficacy of alternative medicines and methods for reproductive healthcare development; (g) The provision of reproductive health information, care and supplies for poor beneficiaries as identified through the NHTS-PR and other government measures of identifying marginalization shall be the responsibility of both the national government and the LGUS; (h) Active participation by nongovernment, womens, peoples, civil society organizations, the religious sector and communities is crucial to ensure that reproductive health and population and development policies, plans and programs will address the priority needs of the poor, especially women; (i) While this Act recognizes that abortion is illegal and punishable by law, the government shall ensure that all women needing care for post abortion and other complications due to pregnancy, childbirth and related issues shall be treated and counseled in a humane, nonjudgmental and compassionate manner without condoning abortion; (j) There shall be no demographic or population targets and the mitigation, promotion and/or stabilization of the population growth rate is incidental to the advancement of reproductive health; (k) Gender equality and women empowerment are central elements of reproductive health and population and development; 66
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(l) The resources of the country must be made to 1 serve the entire population, especially
the poor, and make allocations thereof adequate and effective: Provided, That the life of the unborn is protected; (m) Development is a multi-faceted process that calls for the coordination and integration of policies, plans, programs and projects that seek to uplift the quality of life of the people, more particularly the poor, the needy and the marginalized; and (n) That a comprehensive reproductive health program addresses the needs of people throughout their life cycle. SEC. 4. Definition of Terms. For purposes of this Act, the following terms shall be defined as follows: (a) Abortifacient refers to any drug or device that induces abortion or the destruction of a fetus inside the mothers womb or the prevention of the fertilized ovum to reach and be implanted in the mothers womb upon determination of the FDA. (b) Adolescence refers to the period of physical and physiological development of an individual from the onset of puberty to complete growth and maturity which usually begins between eleven (11) to thirteen (13) years and terminating at eighteen (18) to twenty (20) years of age. (c) Adolescent sexuality refers to, among others, the reproductive system, gender identity, values and beliefs, emotions, relationships and sexual behavior at adolescence. (d) AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) refers to a condition characterized by a combination of signs and symptoms, caused by Human Immunodeficiency Virus 67
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(HIV) which attacks and weakens the bodys immune system, making the afflicted
individual susceptible to other life-threatening infections. (e) Antiretroviral (ARV) medicines refer to medications 1 for the treatment of infection by retroviruses, primarily HIV. (f) Basic emergency obstetric care refers to lifesaving services for maternal complications being provided by a health facility or professional, which must include the following six (6)-signal functions: administration of parenteral antibiotics; administration of parenteral oxytocic drugs; administration of parenteral anticonvulsants for preeclampsia and eclampsia; manual removal of placenta; removal of retained products; and assisted vaginal delivery. (g) Comprehensive emergency obstetric care refers to basic emergency obstetric care including deliveries by surgical procedure (caesarian section) and blood transfusion. (h) Contraceptive drug refers to any medicine, drug, chemical or potion which is used exclusively for the purpose of preventing fertilization of the female ovum. (i) Contraceptive device is any instrument, device, material or agent introduced into the female reproductive system for the primary purpose of preventing conception. (j) Employer refers to any natural or juridical person who hires the services of a worker. The term shall not include any labor organization or any of its officers or agents except when acting as an employer. (k) Family planning refers to a program which enables couples, individuals and women to decide freely and responsibly the number and spacing of their children, acquire relevant 68
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information on reproductive healthcare, services and supplies and have access to a full
range of safe, legal,affordable, effective natural and modern methods of limiting and spacing pregnancy. (l) Gender equality refers to the absence of discrimination 1 on the basis of a persons gender in opportunities, allocation of resources or benefits and access to services. (m) Gender equity refers to fairness and justice in the distribution of benefits and responsibilities between women and men, and often requires women-specific projects and programs to end existing inequalities. (n) Healthcare service provider refers to: (1) healthcare institution, which is duly licensed and accredited and devoted primarily to the maintenance and operation of facilities for health promotion, disease prevention, diagnosis, treatment and care of individuals suffering from illness, disease, injury, disability or deformity, or in need of obstetrical or other medical and nursing care; (2) healthcare professional, who is a doctor of medicine, a nurse or a midwife; (3) public health worker engaged in the delivery of healthcare services; or (4) barangay health worker who has undergone training programs under any accredited government andnongovernment organization (NGO) and who voluntarily renders primarily healthcare services in the community after having been accredited to function as such by the local health board in accordance with the guidelines promulgated by the Department of Health (DOH). (o) HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) refers to the virus which causes AIDS. (p) Male and female responsibility refers to both genders responsibility to the 69
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involvement, commitment, accountability and responsibility of males and females in
relation to all areas of sexual and reproductive health as well as the protection and promotion of reproductive health concerns of male and female. (q) Maternal death review refers to a qualitative and 1 in-depth study of the causes of maternal death with the primary purpose of preventing future deaths through changes or additions to programs, plans and policies. (r) Modern methods of family planning refers to safe, effective and legal methods, whether natural or artificial, that are registered with the FDA of the DOH, to plan pregnancy. (s) Natural family planning refers to the natural, noncontraceptive method of avoiding pregnancy through periodic continence or the use of marital act during infertile periods. (t) People Living with HIV (PLWH) refer to individuals who have been tested and found to be infected with HIV. (u) Poor refers to members of households identified as poor through the National Household Targeting System for Poverty Reduction by the Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD) or any subsequent system used by the national government in identifying the poor. (v) Population and development refers to a program that aims to: (1) help couples and parents achieve their desired family size in accordance with their religion; (2) improve reproductive health of individuals so as to make them productive by addressing reproductive health problems; (3) contribute to decreased maternal and infant mortality 70
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rates and early child mortality; (4) reduce incidence of teenage pregnancy; and (5)
recognize the linkage between population and sustainable human development. (w) Reproductive health refers to the state of complete physical, mental, moral and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity, in all matters relating to the reproductive system and to its functions and processes so as to enable the system to achieve its full, natural and normal functions and processes. (x) Reproductive healthcare refers to the access 1 to a full range of methods, facilities, services and supplies that contribute to reproductive health and well-being by addressing reproductive health-related problems. It also includes sexual health, the purpose of which is the enhancement of life and personal relations. The elements of reproductive healthcare include the following: (1) Family planning information and services which shall include as a first priority making women of reproductive age fully aware of their respecive cycles to make them aware of when fertilization is highly probable, as well as highly improbable; (2) Maternal, infant and child health and nutrition, including breastfeeding; (3) Proscription of abortion and management of abortion complications; (4) Adolescent and youth reproductive health; (5) Prevention and management of reproductive tract infections (RTls), HIV and AIDS and other sexually transmittable infections (STls); (6) Elimination of violence against women; (7) Education and counseling on sexuality and reproductive health; (8) Treatment of breast and reproductive tract cancers and other gynecological conditions and disorders; (9) Male responsibility and participation in 71
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reproductive health; (10) Prevention and treatment of infertility and sexual dysfunction; (11)
Reproductive health education for the adolescents; and (12) Mental health aspect of reproductive healthcare. (y) Reproductive Healthcare Program refers to the systematic and integrated provision of reproductive healthcare to all citizens especially the poor, marginalized and those in vulnerable and crisis situations. (z) Reproductive health rights refer to the 1 rights of couples, individuals and women to decide freely and responsibly whether or not to have children; to determine the number, spacing and timing of their children; to make decisions concerning reproduction free of discrimination, coercion and violence; to have relevant information; and to attain the highest condition of sexual and reproductive health, subject to existing laws, public morals and religious beliefs. (aa) Reproductive health and sexuality education refers to a lifelong learning process of providing and acquiring complete, accurate and relevant information and education on reproductive health and sexuality through life skills education and other approaches: Provided, That they are not inserted into disciplines like Mathematics, Literature, History, Geography and other subjects that are not directly related to sexual education. (bb) Reproductive Tract Infection (RTI) refers to sexually transmitted infections, and other types of infections affecting the reproductive system; (cc) Responsible parenthood refers to the will, ability and commitment of parents to 72
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adequately respond to the needs and aspirations of the family and children by responsibly and freely exercising their reproductive health rights consistent with their religion with
the government respecting the freedom of religion. (dd) Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI) refers to any infection that may be acquired or passed on through sexual contact, use of IV, intravenous drug needles, childbirth and breastfeeding. (ee) Skilled attendant refers to an accredited health professional, such as midwife, doctor or nurse, who has been educated and trained in the skills needed to manage normal and complicated pregnancies, childbirth and the immediate postnatal period, and in the identification, management and referral of complications in women and newborns, to exclude 1 traditional birth attendant or hilot, whether trained or not. (ff) Skilled birth attendance refers to childbirth managed by a skilled attendant including the enabling conditions of necessary equipment and support of a functioning health system, and the transport and referral facilities for emergency obstetric care. (gg) Sustainable human development refers to bringing people, particularly the poor and vulnerable, to the center of development process, the central purpose of which is the creation of an enabling environment in which all can enjoy long, healthy and productive lives, and done in a manner that promotes their rights and protects the life opportunities of future generations and the natural ecosystem on which all life depends. SEC. 5. Midwives for Skilled Attendance. The LGUs, with the financial and technical assistance from the DOH, shall employ an adequate number of midwives through regular 73
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employment or service contracting, subject to the provisions of the Local Government Code, to achieve a minimum ratio of one (1) full-time skilled birth attendant for every
one hundred fifty (150) deliveries per year, to be based on the annual number of actual deliveries or live births for the past two (2) years: Provided, That people in geographically isolated and depressed areas, where maternal and infant mortality rates are the highest, shall be provided the same level of access. SEC. 6. Emergency Obstetric and Neonatal Care. Each province and city, with the technical and financial assistance of the DOH, shall establish or upgrade hospitals with adequate and qualified personnel, equipment and supplies to be able to provide emergency obstetric and neonatal care. For every five hundred thousand (500,000) population, there shall be at least one (1) hospital with comprehensive emergency obstetric and neonatal care and four (4) hospitals or other health facilities with basic emergency 1 obstetric and neonatal care: Provided, That people in geographically isolated and depressed areas shall be provided the same level of access. SEC. 7. Access to Family Planning. All accredited health facilities shall provide a full range of modern family planning methods, except in the case of specialty hospitals and hospitals owned and operated by a religious group; however, these hospitals may render such services on an optional basis. For poor patients, such services shall be fully covered by the Philippine Health Insurance Corporation (PhilHealth) and/or government financial assistance on a no-balance billing. After the use of any PhilHealth benefit involving childbirth and all other pregnancy74
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related services, if the indigent/sponsored beneficiary wishes to space her next pregnancy, PhilHealth shall pay for the full cost of family planning.
SEC. 8. Maternal and Newborn Healthcare in Crisis Situations. The LGUs and the DOH shall ensure that a Minimum Initial Service Package (MISP) for reproductive health, including maternal and neonatal healthcare kits and services as defined by the DOH, will be given proper attention in crisis situations such as disasters and humanitarian crises. The MISP shall become part of all responses by national agencies at the onset of crisis and emergencies. Temporary facilities such as evacuation centers and refugee camps shall be equipped to respond to the special needs in the following situations: normal deliveries, pregnancy complications, miscarriage and post-abortion complications, spread of HIV and STIs and sexual and gender-based violence, and have a system of referral for complicated deliveries. SEC. 9. Maternal Death Review. All LGUs, national and local government hospitals, and other public health units shall conduct annual maternal death review in accordance with the guidelines 1 set by the DOH to determine the exact reasons for natural deaths such as lack of medical professionals like doctors, nurses and midwives. SEC. 10. Role of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The FDA shall determine the safety, efficacy and classification of products and supplies for modern family planning methods which do not prevent the implantation of the fertilized ovum in the uterus prior to their distribution, procurement, sale and use. 75
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The FDA shall update the Philippine National Drug Formulary (PNDF) with respect to the aforesaid products and supplies in accordance with standard medical practice.
SEC. 11. Procurement and Distribution of Family Planning Supplies. Subject to the provisions of Republic Act No. 4729 and Republic Act No. 5921, the DOH shall spearhead the efficient procurement, distribution to LGUs and usage-monitoring of family planning supplies for the whole country covering poor households identified through the NHTS-PR and other government measures of identifying marginalization. The DOH shall coordinate with all appropriate LGUs to plan and implement this procurement and distribution program. The supply and the budget allotment shall be based on, among others, the current level and projections of the following: (a) Number of women of reproductive age and couples who want to space or limit their children; (b) Contraceptive prevalence rate, by type of method used; and (c) Cost of family planning supplies. SEC. 12. Integration of Responsible Parenthood and Family Planning Component in Anti-Poverty Programs. A multidimensional approach shall be adopted in the implementation of policies and programs to fight poverty. Towards this end, the DOH shall implement programs that ensure full access of poor and marginalized women as identified through the 1 NHTS-PR and other government measures of identifying marginalization to reproductive healthcare, services, products and programs. The DOH shall provide such programs technical support, including capacity-building and 76
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monitoring.
SEC. 13. Roles of Local Government in Family Planning Programs. The LGUs shall
ensure that poor families receive preferential access to services, commodities and programs for family planning. Provided, however, That the LGUs shall recognize and respect the tenets or teachings of the religion to which such families belong. The role of Population Officers at the municipal, city and barangay levels in the family planning effort shall be strengthened. The Barangay Health Workers and volunteers shall be capacitated to help implement this Act. SEC. 14. Benefits for Serious and Life-Threatening Reproductive Health Conditions. All serious and life-threatening reproductive health conditions such as HIV and AIDS, breast and reproductive tract cancers, obstetric complications, and menopausal and postmenopausal-related conditions shall be given the maximum benefits as provided by PhilHealth programs. SEC. 15. Mobile Healthcare Service. Each congressional district maybe provided with at least one (1) Mobile Healthcare Service (MHCS) in the form of a van or other means of transportation appropriate to coastal or mountainous areas, the procurement and operation of which shall be funded by the national government. The MHCS shall deliver healthcare, supplies and services to constituents, such as those relating to prenatal and delivery needs more particularly to the poor and needy, and shall be used to disseminate knowledge and information on reproductive health. The operation and maintenance of the MHCS shall be done by skilled health providers and adequately equipped with a wide 77
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range of reproductive healthcare materials and information dissemination devices and equipment, the latter 1 including, but not limited to, a television set for audiovisual
presentations. All MHCS shall be operated by a focal city or municipality within a congressional district. SEC. 16. Mandatory Age-Appropriate Reproductive Health and Sexuality Education. Subject to the provisions of Section 12, Article II of theConstitution, age-appropriate reproductive health and sexuality education shall be taught by adequately trained and accredited teachers in formal and nonformal education system starting from Grade Six up to Fourth Year HighSchool using life skills and other approaches. The reproductive health and sexuality education shall commence at the start of the school year immediately following one (1) year from the effectivity of this Act to allow the training and accreditation of concerned teachers. Only duly accredited teachers shall handle reproductive health and sexuality education. The DepED, the Commission on Higher Education (CHED), the Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA), the DSWD and the DOH shall formulate the Reproductive Health and Sexuality Education curriculum. Such curriculum shall be common to both public and private schools, out of school youth programs, and Alternative Learning System (ASL) based on, but not limited to, psychosocial and physical well-being, demography, reproductive health, and the legal aspects of reproductive health with due deference to the religion, culture and ethics of various communities. Age-appropriate reproductive health and sexuality education shall be integrated in all 78
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relevant subjects and shall include, but not limited to, the following topics: (a) Values formation with due regard to their religion and other affiliations; (b)
(b) Knowledge and skills in self-protection against discrimination, sexual violence and abuse, and teen pregnancy; (c) Physical, social and emotional changes 1 in adolescents; (d) Childrens and womens rights; (e) Fertility awareness; (f) STI, HIV and AIDS; (g) Population and development; (h) Responsible relationship; (i) Family planning methods; (j) Proscription and hazards of abortion; (k) Gender and development; (l) Responsible parenthood; and (m) Proper and responsible sexual values and behavior; delayed entry into sexual relations; abstinence before marriage; avoidance of multiple sexual partners; and prevention of the spread of sexuality transmitted diseases. The DepED, CHED, DSWD, TESDA and the DOH shall provide concerned parents with adequate and relevant scientific materials on the age appropriate topics and manner of teaching reproductive health and sexuality education to their children. Parents, upon due notification by the DepED and private educational institutions, through their principals, in writing, two (2) weeks before the classes would start, shall be informed of the option of the parents of not allowing their minor children to attend classes pertaining to reproductive health and sexuality education. The parents shall then exercise said option. Flexibility in the curriculum of reproductive health and sexuality education shall be accorded to sectarian schools within the provisions and parameters of this section. 79
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SEC. 17. Additional Duty of the Local Population Officer. Each local population officer shall be duly accredited and be qualified of every city and municipality shall furnish free
instructions and information on responsible parenthood, family planning, breastfeeding, infant nutrition 1 and other relevant aspects of this Act to all applicants for marriage license. In the absence of a local Population Officer, a Family Planning Officer under the Local Health Office shall discharge the additional duty of the Population Officer. SEC. 18. Certificate of Compliance. No marriage license shall be issued by the Local Civil Registrar unless the applicants present a Certificate of Compliance issued for free by the local Family Planning Office certifying that they had duly received adequate instructions and information on responsible parenthood, family planning, breastfeeding and infant nutrition. SEC. 19. Capability-Building of Barangay Health Workers. Barangay Health Workers and other community-based health workers shall undergo training on the promotion of reproductive health and instill responsible parenthood and reproductive health shall receive at least ten percent (10%) increase in honoraria, upon successful completion of training. SEC. 20. Pro Bono Services for Indigent Women. Private and nongovernment reproductive healthcare service providers including, but not limited to, gynecologists and obstetricians, are mandated to provide at least forty-eight (48) hours annually of reproductive health services, ranging from providing information and education to rendering medical services, free of charge to indigent and low-income patients as 80
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identified through the NHTS-PR and other government measures of identifying marginalization, especially to pregnant adolescents. The forty-eight (48) hours annual pro
bono services shall be included as a prerequisite in the accreditation under the Philhealth. SEC. 21. Sexual and Reproductive Health Programs for Persons with Disabilities (PWDs). The cities and municipalities must ensure that barriers to reproductive health services for PWDs are obliterated by the following: (a) Providing physical access, and resolving transportation and proximity issues to clinics, hospitals and places where public health education is provided, contraceptives are sold or distributed or 1 other places where reproductive health services are provided; (b) Adapting examination tables and other laboratory procedures to the needs and conditions of PWDs; (c) Increasing access to information and communication materials on sexual and reproductive health in braille, large print, simple language and pictures; (d) Providing continuing education and inclusion rights of PWDs among healthcare providers; and (e) Undertaking activities to raise awareness and address misconceptions among the general public on the stigma and their lack of knowledge on the sexual and reproductive health needs and rights of PWDs. SEC. 22. Right to Reproductive Healthcare Information. The government shall guarantee the right of any person to provide or receive non-fraudulent information about the availability of reproductive healthcare services, including family planning, and 81
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prenatal and postnatal and gynecological care particularly in poor households as identified through the NHTS-PR and other government measures of identifying
marginalization. The DOH and the Philippine Information Agency (PIA) shall initiate and sustain a heightened nationwide multimedia campaign to raise the level of public awareness of the protection and promotion of reproductive health and rights including family planning and population and development. SEC. 23. Implementing Mechanisms. Pursuant to the herein declared policy, the DOH and the local health units in cities and municipalities shall serve as the lead agencies for the implementation of this Act among poor households as identified through the NHTSPR and other government measures of identifying marginalization and shall integrate in their regular operations the following functions: (a) Ensure full and efficient implementation of 1 the Reproductive Healthcare Program; (b) Ensure peoples access to medically safe, legal, effective, quality and affordable reproductive health supplies and services; (c) Ensure that reproductive health services are delivered with a full range of supplies, facilities and equipment, and that healthcare service providers are adequately trained for such reproductive healthcare delivery; (d) Take active steps to expand the coverage of the National Health Insurance Program (NHIP), especially among poor and marginalized women, to include the full range of reproductive health services and supplies as health insurance benefits; (e) Strengthen the capacities of health regulatory agencies to ensure safe, legal, effective, 82
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quality, accessible and affordable reproductive health services and commodities with the concurrent strengthening and enforcement of regulatory mandates and mechanisms;
(f) Promulgate a set of minimum reproductive health standards for public health facilities, which shall be included in the criteria for accreditation. These minimum reproductive health standards shall provide for the monitoring of pregnant mothers, and a minimum package of reproductive health programs that shall be available and affordable at all levels of the public health system except in specialty hospitals where such services are provided on optional basis; (g) Facilitate the involvement and participation of NGOs and the private sector in reproductive healthcare service delivery and in the production, distribution and delivery of quality reproductive health and family planning supplies and commodities to make them accessible and affordable to ordinary citizens; (h) Furnish the LGUs with appropriate information and resources to keep them updated on current studies and researches relating to responsible parenthood, family planning, breastfeeding and infant nutrition; and (i) Perform such other functions necessary to attain the purposes of this Act. The Commission on Population (POPCOM), as an attached agency of the DOH, shall serve as the coordinating body in the implementation of Sections 7, 10, 11, 13, 17, 19, 21 and 23 of this Act and shall have the following functions: (a) Integrate on a continuing basis the interrelated reproductive health and population development agenda consistent with the herein declared national policy which does not 83
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include population control, taking into account regional and local concerns; (b) Provide the mechanism to ensure active and full participation of the private sector and
the citizenry through their organizations in the planning and implementation of reproductive healthcare, and population and development programs and projects; and (c) Conduct sustained and effective information drives on sustainable human development and on all methods of family planning to prevent unintended, unplanned and mistimed pregnancies. SEC. 24. Reporting Requirements. Before the end of April of each year, the DOH shall submit an annual report to the President of the Philippines, the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives (HOR). The report shall provide a definitive and comprehensive assessment of the implementation of its programs and those of other government agencies and instrumentalities, civil society and the private sector and recommend appropriate priorities for executive and legislative actions. The report shall be printed and distributed to all national agencies, the LGUs, civil society and the private sector organizations 1 involved in said programs. The annual report shall evaluate the content, implementation and impact of all policies related to reproductive health and family planning to ensure that such policies promote, protect and fulfill reproductive health and rights, particularly of parents, couples and women. SEC. 25. Congressional Oversight Committee (COC). There is hereby created a COC composed of five (5) members, each from the Senate and the HOR. The members from 84
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the Senate and the HOR shall be appointed by the Senate President and the Speaker, respectively, with at least one (1) member representing the Minority.
The COC shall be jointly chaired by the respective Chairs of the Committee on Youth, Women and Family Relations of the Senate and the Committee on Population and Family Relations of the HOR. The Secretariat of the COC shall come from the existing Secretariat personnel of the Senate and of the HOR committees concerned. The COC shall monitor and automatically review to ensure the effective implementation of this Act, determine the possible weakness in the law, recommend the necessary remedial legislation or administrative measures and perform such other duties and functions as may be necessary to attain the objectives of this Act every five (5) years from its effectivity. SEC. 26. Prohibited Acts. The following acts are prohibited: (a) Any healthcare service provider, whether public or private, who shall: (1) Knowingly withhold information or restrict the dissemination thereof, or intentionally provide incorrect information regarding programs and services on reproductive health, including the right to informed choice and access to a full range of legal, medically safe and effective 1 family planning methods; (2) Refuse to perform legal and medically safe reproductive health procedures on any person of legal age on the ground of lack of consent or authorization of the following persons in the following instances: (a) Spousal consent in case of married persons: Provided, That, in case of disagreement, 85
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the decision of the one undergoing the procedure shall prevail; and (b) Parental consent or that of the person exercising parental authority in the case of abused minors, where the
parent or the person exercising parental authority is the respondent, accused or convicted perpetrator as certified by the proper prosecutorial office or the court; and (3) Refuse to extend healthcare services and information on account of the persons marital status, gender, age, religion, personal circumstances or nature of work: Provided, That the objection of a healthcare service provider based on his/her ethical or religious beliefs shall be respected; however, he/she shall, without in anyway agreeing or endorsing the family planning service or procedure required by the person concerned, immediately refer the person seeking such care and services to another healthcare service provider within the same facility or one which is conveniently accessible who is willing to provide the requisite information and services: Provided, further, That the person is not in an emergency condition or serious case as defined under Republic Act No. 8344, otherwise known as An Act Penalizing the Refusal of Hospitals and Medical Clinics to Administer Appropriate Initial Medical Treatment and Support in Emergency and Serious Cases; (b) Any public official charged with the duty to implement the provisions of this Act, who personally or through a subordinate, prohibits or restricts the delivery of legal and medically safe reproductive healthcare services, including family planning, or forces, coerces or induces 1 any person to use such services; (c) Any employer or his representative who shall require an employee or applicant, as a 86
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condition for employment or continued employment, to undergo sterilization or use or not use any family planning method; neither shall pregnancy be a ground for non-hiring
or termination of employment; (d) Any person who shall falsify a certificate of compliance as required in Section 18 of this Act; and (e) Any pharmaceutical company, whether domestic or multinational, or its agents or distributors, which (1) shall collude with government officials, whether appointed or elected, in the distribution, procurement and/or sale by the national government and LGUs of modern family planning supplies, products and devices; and/or (2) contribute money or anything of value to partisan political activities involving a government official, whether appointed or elected, and/or any candidate for any elective position, whether national or local. SEC. 27. Penalties. Any violation of this Act or commission of the foregoing prohibited acts shall be penalized by imprisonment ranging from one (1) month to six (6) months or a fine of Ten thousand pesos (P10,000.00) to Fifty thousand pesos (P50,000.00), or both such fine and imprisonment at the discretion of the competent court: Provided, That, if the offender is a public official or employee, he or she shall suffer the accessory penalty of dismissal from the government service and forfeiture of retirement benefits. If the offender is a juridical person, the penalty shall be imposed upon the president or any responsible officer. An offender who is an alien shall, after service of sentence, be deported immediately without further proceedings by the Bureau 87
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of Immigration. If the offender is a pharmaceutical company, its agent and/or distributor, their license or permit to operate or conduct business in the Philippines shall be
perpetually revoked, and a fine triple the 1 amount involved in the violation shall be imposed. SEC. 28. Appropriations. The amounts appropriated in the annual General Appropriations Act (GAA) for Family Health and Responsible Parenting under the DOH and POPCOM, upon the effectivity of this Act, shall be allocated and utilized for the initial implementation of this Act. Such additional sums necessary to implement this Act provide for the upgrading of facilities necessary to meet basic emergency and obstetric care and comprehensive emergency and obstetric care standards; train and deploy skilled health providers; procure family planning supplies and commodities as provided in Section 6; and implement other reproductive health services shall be included in the subsequent GAA. SEC. 29. Implementing Rules and Regulations (IRR). Within sixty (60) days from the effectivity of this Act, the Secretary of the DOH shall formulate and adopt amendments to the existing rules and regulations to carry out the objectives of this Act, in consultation with the Secretaries of the DepED, the Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG), the DOLE and the DSWD, the Director General of the National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA), the Commissioner of CHED, the Executive Director of the Philippine Commission on Women (PCW) and two (2) NGOs or peoples organizations (POs) for women. Full dissemination of the IRR to the public shall be 88
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ensured.
SEC. 30. Separability Clause. If any part or provision of this Act is held invalid or
unconstitutional, the other provisions not affected thereby shall remain in force and effect. SEC. 31. Repealing Clause. All other laws, decrees, orders, issuances, rules and regulations which are inconsistent with the provisions of this Act are hereby repealed, amended or modified accordingly. SEC. 32. Effectivity. This Act shall take effect fifteen 1 (15) days after its publication in at least two (2) newspapers of general circulation. Approved,
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the Perceptions of the Students of the University of Santo Tomas on House Bill No. 4244 Otherwise Known as the Responsible Parenthood, Reproductive Health, And Population and Development Act of 2012- An Analysis

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the Perceptions of the Students of the University of Santo Tomas on House Bill No. 4244 Otherwise Known as the Responsible Parenthood, Reproductive Health, And Population and Development Act of 2012- An Analysis

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The Perceptions of the Students of the University of Santo Tomas on House Bill No.

RESULTS AND INTERPRETATION ........................................................................................... 30

LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES

Background of the Study

Significance of the Study

Statement of the Problem

Scope and Limitations

Responsible Parenthood Bill House Bill No. 4244

Engage Premarital sex

Pro RP Bill Perceptions of Students of the University of Santo Tomas

Affected by ones religion

Procedure in Gathering Data

RESULTS AND INTERPRETATION

Sexual Preference 2.86%

Awareness of the RP Bill

11.14% 12.29% 55.43% 17.43%

How are you informed of the said Bill?

Are you updated on the current status of RP Bill?

What influenced you?

Are you in a Relationship?

Do you engage in Pre- Marital Sex?

Estimated Monthly Family Income

Do you think RP Bill should be passed?

No, it should not be passed

Chi Square Value

Critical Value (0.05,2) Failed to Reject Insignificant Relationship Decision Conclusion

Chi Square Value 0.75

Critical Value (0.05,1)

Conclusion Insignificant Relationship

Failed to Reject 3.84 Null

1.00 1.76 2.51 3.26

Weighted Mean 2.84 2.70 2.47 2.34 2.30 2.55 2.54

Interpretation Agree Agree Disagree Disagree Disagree Agree Negative Perception

Students engagement in premarital intimacy

Stand of the students of the University of Santo Tomas on HB No. 4244

Religion and Perception towards the Responsible Parenthood Bill

Responsible Parenthood Bill and the promotion of premarital intimacy

Faculty of Arts and Letters

University of Santo Tomas

________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________________

________ ________ ________

________ ________ ________ ________ 52

Faculty of Arts and Letters

________ ________ ________

________ ________ ________ ________ ________

________ ________ ________

Faculty of Arts and Letters

Frequency 326 4 1 11 1 5 1 1 350

Frequency 15 41 62 111 83 38 350

Percentage 4.29% 11.71% 17.71% 31.71% 23.71% 10.86% 100.00%

Gender Male Female Total

Frequency 153 197 350 Table 4

Percentage 43.71% 56.29% 100.00%

Sexual Preference Straight Bisexual Gay Total

Frequency 319 20 10 350 Table 5

Percentage 91.14% 5.71% 2.86% 100.00%

Weighted Mean 2.84 2.70 2.47 2.34 2.30 2.55 2.54

Interpretation Agree Agree Disagree Disagree Disagree Agree Negative Perception

15.71% 57.71% 26.57% 100.00%

11.14% 3.71% 100.00%

Percentage 50.57% 22.57% 80.57% 57.43% 18.86% 2.00%

Frequency 84 266 350

Percentage 24.00% 76.00% 100.00%

I am Pro RP Bill I am anti RP Bill Neutral Total

________

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