Mathematics 2

MTH1022
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Topic 5 Measures of central tendency and measures of dispersion

Ungrouped Data:

The quantities ordered (in million units) for the first 10 weeks for a certain product in Maziah Company are
given as follows:

14.25 19.00 11.00 28.00 24.00 23.00 43.20 14.00 27.00 25.00

Find:
a. Mean

b. Median

11.00 14.00 14.25 19.00 23.00 24.00 25.00 27.00 28.00 43.20

c. Mode



d. Range


e. Variance
x x^2
11.00 121
14.00 196
14.25 203.0625
19.00 361
23.00 529
24.00 576
25.00 625
27.00 729
28.00 784
43.20 1866.24
228.45 5990.30

(
()

)


( )
(

E
E =
N
x
x
N
2
2 2
1
o
Mathematics 2
MTH1022
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f. Standard deviation



g. What is the shape of the distribution?

Mean < Median
22.85 < 23.5
negatively skewed or skew to the left.



Grouped Data (with class interval):

The table below shows the age of cars (in years) sold by a second-hand car dealer for the last two months:

Age of car
Number of
cars, f
cumulative
frequency, F
midpoint, x fx x^2 fx^2
1 4 16 16 2.5
40 6.25 100
5 8 20 36 6.5
130 42.25 845
9 12 28 64 10.5
294 110.25 3087
13 16 24 88 14.5
348 210.25 5046
17 20 16 104 18.5
296 342.25 5476
21 24 11 115 22.5
247.5 506.25 5568.75
25 28 5 120 26.5
132.5 702.25 3511.25

120

1488 1919.75 23634

Find:
a. Mean

b. Median

Median class =

(observation)

median class = 9 12 (8.5 12.5)

) (

)

c. Mode
Mode class = 9 12 (8.5 12.5)
f
fx
X
E
E
=
Mathematics 2
MTH1022
Page 3 of 5

) (

()()
)

d. Range



e. Variance

)


f. Standard deviation


g. What is the shape of the distribution?

Mean = 12.4
Median = 11.93
Mode = 11.17

Mode < Median < Mean
positively skewed or skew to the right.




( )
(

E
E
E
E
=
f
fx
fx
f
2
2 2
1
o
Mathematics 2
MTH1022
Page 4 of 5

Grouped Data (without class interval):

The number of cigarettes consumed per day for a random sample of 80 respondents is given in the table
below:

Number of
cigarettes, x
Number of
smokers, f
cumulative
frequency fx x^2 fx^2
12 5 5 60 144 720
13 10 15 130 169 1690
14 20 35 280 196 3920
15 10 45 150 225 2250
16 15 60 240 256 3840
17 10 70 170 289 2890
18 5 75 90 324 1620
19 5 80 95 361 1805

80

1215

18735

Find:
a. Mean

b. Median
Median class =

(observation)
Median = 15

c. Mode
Mode class = 20 (the highest frequency)
Mode = 14

d. Range
Range = max value min value = 19 12 = 7

e. Variance

)



f. Standard deviation




f
fx
X
E
E
=
( )
(

E
E
E
E
=
f
fx
fx
f
2
2 2
1
o
Mathematics 2
MTH1022
Page 5 of 5

g. What is the shape of the distribution?

Mean = 15.19
Median = 15
Mode = 14

Mode < Median < Mean
positively skewed or skew to the right.