Voltage Recovery of Induction Generator Victimisation Indirect Force Management Methodology

IPASJ International Journal of Electrical Engineering (IIJEE)
A Publisher for Research Motivation........
Volume 1, Issue 1, June 2013
Web Site: http://www.ipasj.org/IIJEE/IIJEE.htm Email: editoriijee@ipasj.org ISSN 2321-600X
VOLTAGE RECOVERY OF INDUCTION GENERATOR VICTIMISATION INDIRECT FORCE MANAGEMENT METHODOLOGY

Emire Atta Mills
Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Medea, Algeria.
ABSTRACT
This paper proposes a voltage recovery methodology for a disturbance caused because of grid fault on Induction Generator (I.G.) victimization static synchronous compensator (STATCOM). Voltage source SVC like STATCOM is accustomed improve the voltage of induction generator by indirectly dominant its force. By dominant terminal voltage with the STATCOM, the electromagnetic force of the generator is indirectly ironed. This management thought has analysed the extent to that the transient stability margin is inflated by the employment of STATCOM. Since the force of Induction Generator is controlled by considering intervening voltage of STATCOM, the strategy advised during this paper is named as indirect force management (ITC) methodology. A system model integrate PSCAD is accustomed show the simulation of this control thought.
Keywords: STATCOM (Static Synchronous Compensator), Transient Stability Margin, Low Voltage throughout (LVRT), Indirect force management (ITC)
1. INTRODUCTION
Wind turbines creating use of Induction Generator ar being introduced into the facility systems that are seemingly to be subjected to numerous disturbances once connected to the grid. These induction generators directly connected to the grid haven't any direct electrical management of torque or speed, and would typically disconnect from the facility system once the voltage drops more than 10-20% below rated worth [1]. Dynamic and transient stability limit of induction generators will be investigated with the assistance of Low voltage all the way through (LVRT) capability of wind turbines [2-3].
For improvement of LVRT capability, reactive power compensation of induction generator subjected to grid fault is that the matter of concern. So as to extend LVRT capability by reactive power compensation it's necessary to extend the force capability of induction generator at a speed aside from traditional in operation vary [4]. the fundamental approach is to use a regular STATCOM management for rising LVRT capability. additionally to the present form of control, in direct force management (ITC) technique is additionally enforced, because the force of induction generator will be
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indirectly influenced by use of STATCOM to modulate the terminal voltage and additionally the flow of reactive current within the induction generation. As any transient condition cause come by voltage level, by use of direct force management (ITC), we will increase the maximum force throughout the voltage recovery method [5]. For the aim of limiting the most force of induction generator throughout recovery method when nice fault, the strategy steered during this paper is recovery of voltage by exploitation STATCOM to extend the LVRT limit of grid connected induction generator. A model will be developed to simulate with the assistance of PSCAD/ MATLAB package so as to illustrate the practicality of the steered ITC technique [4]. From figure one, it will be assumed that once the grid is subjected to 3 section fault, the grid connected induction generator is driven by a turbine through a gear box to convert the low speed of the rotary engine shaft into a high speed up to the amount of the rated speed, the terminal voltage of the induction generator are going to be influenced so indirectly decreasing the torque of induction generator. The projected technique shown within the figure one are going to be active solely throughout the recovery process when a grid fault, so not influencing the traditional operation of the STATCOM and induction generator [4]. The implementation of STATCOM may be done to boost the transient stability and critical clearing time of the induction generator [5].
2. ANALYSIS OF LVRT IN WIND ENERGY

The low voltage all the way through (LVRT) was initial introduced by E-ON Netz, the major German transmission operator [6]. A LVRT grid code developed by E-ON Netz has been accepted worldwide in most of the countries equipped by wind generation generation. The enhancement of LVRT capability is one in all the foremost difficult necessities that have been enclosed within the on top of grid codes. to guage induction generator stability limit subjected to the grid fault, a replacement analytical approach makes use of speed-torque curves once having shunt reactive compensation like STATCOM or SVC or the LVRT resolution for the wind generation [6]. the employment of STATCOM to extend the transient stability margin provides rise to the foremost difficult demand that the system operator grid code can impose to wind turbines and wind forms is that the low voltage all the way through (LVRT) capability. This requirement will be fulfiled by considering associate degree example of LVRT steered by E-ON Netz, which is illustrated in figure a pair of. The LVRT demand shown within the figure a pair of depicts that the wind turbine coupled induction generator remains connected to the grid despite of any voltage dips as low as five-hitter of nominal voltage [3].
Figure 2: LVRT Profile of alternative energy as steered by E-ON Netz
3. IMPLEMENTATION OF STATCOM
STATCOM provides larger contribution to the transient stability margin and so increased LVRT capability as a result of the quick responding speed [7]. This margin is that the length of the fault that the alternative energy is capable of riding while not losing its stable in operation condition. Concerning the LVRT, the foremost relevant options of STATCOM is to inject controllable reactive current severally of the grid voltage [3]. There are many techniques to regulate the operation of STATCOM however this paper suggests the vector current control technique as a result of its past dynamic and developed management ability. This method is used to management the DC link voltage and reactive
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current that is decoupled like within the management of force and flux within the field destined management of motor drives [8].
Figure 3: Line Diagram of Grid Connected Induction Generator exploitation STATCOM
4. CONSTRUCT OF INDIRECT FORCE MANAGEMENT (ITC) EXPLOITATION STATCOM

During the recovery method of a grid fault, an equivalent approach used with the assistance of LVRT will be enforced indirectly dominant the force of induction generator by controlling the terminal voltage of STATCOM. Figure five shows the system of STATCOM together with the indirect force management in addition to the STATCOM management for the force transient alleviation throughout the recovery process when a grid fault. The indirect force management will be enforced by reducing the voltage reference of the STATCOM system when reclosing and by that the reactive compensation once stability is ensured however before the grid voltage and therefore the speed of the generator has came back to the pre-fault values [5]. Thus the STATCOM will improve the system stability by enhancing the force capability of the induction generator. We tend to ar involved regarding the recovery method when breaker reclosing operation for being one in all the cases that represent high transient torques for induction generator. associate degree example of 3-phase grid failure will be utilized in order to use the proof that the torque transients seem when the reclosing. The system management strategy is shown in figure five which indicates however the indirect force management practicality is employed to outline a short lived speed dependent worth of grid voltage reference. the remainder of the management structure are going to be used to work beneath traditional STATCOM operation [4-5]. Because the voltage reference worth one.0 p.u. has considered beneath traditional STATCOM operation can limit the voltage, whereas the indirect torque management construct can override this reference worth throughout the recovery method when a grid fault.
5. VERIFICATION OF INDIRECT TIME DOMAIN SIMULATION
FORCE MANAGEMENT CONSTRUCT
BY
EXPLOITATION
For verification and as an instance the practicality of the steered indirect force control construct a system with associate degree induction generator directly connected to the grid and a similar connected at the generator terminals is simulated with the PSCAD/EMTD package. The system shown in figure1 consists of associate degree induction generator with rating of two MW and therefore the main parameter of the opposite equipments connected is shown within the table one. The PSCAD/EMTD model contains of a full fifth order dynamics model of induction generator the straightforward grid instrumentation and a STATCOM with a sway system based mostly on voltage destined vector current control[3].Three things for the simulation are considered; initial things includes use of constant electrical device compensation to stay nominal voltage beneath traditional in operation conditions, second scenario makes use of STATCOM for voltage management and increasing low voltage all the way through capability and last scenario is however can achieve indirect force management exploitation STATCOM as a further practicality whereas carrying out those simulation the mechanical input force is taken into account to be constant. Also if we tend to use indirect force management then the force of induction generator set to limit the force of induction generator set below one.1. element Simulation results seems for less than 10s.when the system is ranging from stationary conditions and is exposed to a 350ms 3 section fault at the terminal of the generator when is of simulation time. the most results collected for simulation of the 3 things declared on top of ar shown in figure half-dozen (a), (b), (c).
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Figure half-dozen clearly indicates the operation of indirect force management, helpful to limit force, speed and voltage throughout the recovery method. By exploitation this new approach the force shown in figure 6(a) because the perform of your time throughout the 3 things additionally illustrate however, the indirect torque management effectively limits the height worth of force throughout the recovery method similarly figure half-dozen (b) indicates the response of speed because the perform of your time and additionally figure 6(c) shows the response of voltage at the generator terminal because the perform of your time, and where it will be clearly observe that when the steadiness is make sure the voltage is actively reduced by the indirect force management throughout the recovery method to limit the force, it may be seen that in the electrical device compensation condition the system voltage can not be recovered with the employment of indirect force management as a secondary management when the steadiness is ensured, this type of approach cheap from the purpose of read projected construct. Figure half-dozen (a) clearly shows the assembly of force transient throughout the fault and additionally these force transient doesn't have an effect on the practicality of STATCOM. throughout such serious fault inflicting low voltage the reactive current of the STATCOM, can have rare influence on the system voltage and on the operation of generator as a result of an outsized dip STATCOM reach its most current limit and therefore the STATCOM act as constant supply of reactive current while running into saturation. Time response generator speed shown in figure half-dozen (b) indicates that however the employment of Indirect force management throughout recovery method end in associate degree nearly linear reduction the generator speed when reclosing. throughout the fault the typical electrical force near zero, thus inflicting a line rise increase within the applied mechanical force, ensuing increase in generator speed. Now, once the fault is cleared the STATCOM can keep most current since the systems cannot immediate recover the voltage as a result of increase in generator shaft. Since the system is unstable at this case, the perform of STATCOM are going to be enforced immediately throughout when the fault is cleared. so inflicting the rise in force capability and at the same time decreasing the speed of generator shaft. This increase in force and decrease in speed is restricted below
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the set-point worth that must be unbroken larger than that the applied mechanical force, as long because the indirect force management is active. when the generator speed is recovered near the set worth and therefore the voltage has reached its reference worth of one.1 element the management objective of STATCOM to regulate voltage at terminal of generator are going to be shifted back to the traditional voltage management.
6. CONCLUSIONS
The management construct propose associate degree enforced during this paper is use to regulate the potential of STATCOM simulation result to get to recover the voltage of associate degree induction Generator connected to grid when a fault is useful to review the development of stability of that induction generator by use of indirect force management technique. The projected construct has been tested by using time-domain simulation. It additionally provides a plan to limit the most force of generator during the recovery method when the fault. In traditional operation the initial management objective of STATCOM is voltage regulation and just in case if grid fault the STATCOM is employed to boost LVRT capability, these objectives of STATCOM ar shown within the simulation result wherever the system returns to traditional operation once the speed of induction machine is back to the initial value before the fault. Throughout analysis of indirect force management technique the most inductive current can decrease by increasing the gird induction because the STATCOM is to be operated in each electrical phenomenon and inductive region.
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IPASJ International Journal of Electrical Engineering (IIJEE)

A Publisher for Research Motivation........

Volume 1, Issue 1, June 2013

Web Site: http://www.ipasj.org/IIJEE/IIJEE.htm Email: editoriijee@ipasj.org ISSN 2321-600X