The menstrual cycle and uterine endometrial responses to the changing hormonal environment
Embryo derived gonadotrophin (hCG) Stimulate the CL to initiate pregnancy Implantation and recognition of pregnancy only ~2525 35% efficient
hCG = human chrionic gondadotrohic - acts like LH 3
The menstrual cycle and uterine endometrial responses to the changing hormonal environment
Embryo derived gonadotrophin (hCG) Stimulate the CL to initiate pregnancy Implantation and recognition of pregnancy only ~2525 35% efficient
hCG = human chrionic gondadotrohic - acts like LH 8
Progesterone secretion
Maintain pregnancy suppresses uterine activity Human - Transition from corpus luteum to placental production ~ 50 days Placenta maintains high concentration in the maternal t l circulation i l ti until til birth bi th (syncytiotrophoblast) Loss of progesterone action causes termination
E Estradiol di l the h most potent estrogen Depentent p on adrenal p precurors Humans and higher primates
Estrogen action
+
PR expression P action
Key points
Role of hCG Progesterone placental production hPL and its role in breast development Fetal adrenal androgen production (DHEA) Role in estrogen production and the fetoplacental unit Control of fetal cortisol levels
Other species
Horse late pregnancy maintain by unique placental estrogens equilin equilin Pregnant mares serum gonadotrophin (PMSG) maintains early pregnancy instead of hGC
END
Textbooks: F Martini Fundamental of Anatomy and Physiology 7th ed d
R Harding and A Bocking Fetal Growth and Development 2001 Cambridge University press