MiCOM P433, P435, P437 Distance Protection Devices

MiCOM P433, P435, P437 Distance Protection Devices

T&D
Protection & Control

MiCOM P433, P435, P437 Distance Protection Devices

Application and scope
The MiCOM P433, P435 and P437 Distance Protection Devices are used for selective short-circuit protection, ground fault protection (UK: earth fault) and overload protection in medium, high and extra high voltage systems. The systems can be operated as solidly grounded, low impedance grounded (UK: solidly earthed/resistance earthed), resonant grounded (UK: Petersen Coil) or insulated neutral systems. The devices have the following common main functions: Fault detection logic using Overcurrent Undervoltage Under-impedance with load blinding Neutral overcurrent and/or neutral displacement voltage Distance protection with Polygonal or circular tripping characteristics Six distance zones Zone 1 extension Timer stages per zone and two additional back-up timer stages Directional voltage memory Measuring circuit monitoring Back-up overcurrent time protection Protective signaling (channel aided scheme logic) Auto-reclosing control Definite time overcurrent protection, 4 stages Inverse time overcurrent protection, 1 stage, directional Over/undervoltage protection Over/underfrequency protection Thermal overload protection Switch-on-to-fault protection Circuit breaker failure protection Limit value monitoring Programmable scheme logic. The P433 and P435 distance protection devices have the following additional main functions especially for ground fault detection and direction determination in Petersen Coil grounded or insulated neutral power systems: Directional power protection Ground fault direction determination using steady state values Transient ground fault direction determination (optional) Ground fault protection signaling Ground fault tripping The P435 and P437 distance protection devices have the following additional main functions for use in HV/EHV power systems: Power swing blocking Auto-reclosing control (single and three pole) Automatic synchronism check (optional) Ground fault (short circuit) protection (UK: Directional earth fault protection, DEF) Ground fault (short circuit) protection signaling (UK: DEF scheme logic) All main functions are individually configurable and can be disabled or enabled by the user as desired. By means of a straight forward
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configuration procedure, the user can adapt the device flexibly to the scope of protection required in each particular application. Due to the powerful, freely configurable logic of the device, special applications can be accommodated. In addition to the features listed above, as well as comprehensive self monitoring, the following global functions are available in the devices: Parameter subset selection (4 alternative setting groups) Operating data recording (time tagged signal logging) Overload data acquisition Overload recording (time tagged signal logging) Ground fault data acquisition Ground fault recording (time tagged signal logging) Measured fault data Fault recording (time tagged signal logging together with disturbance recording of all measured signals: phase and residual

current, phase-ground voltages, neutral displacement and busbar reference voltage) The P433/435/437 are of modular design. The pluggable modules are housed in a robust aluminium case and electrically connected via an analogue and a digital bus printed circuit board. The nominal currents or nominal voltages, respectively of the measuring inputs, can be set with the help of function parameters. The nominal voltage range of the optical coupler inputs is 24 to 250V dc without internal switching. The auxiliary voltage input for the power supply is a wide range design with a nominal voltage range of 48 to 250V dc and 100 to 230V ac. An additional version is available for the lower nominal voltage range of 24 to 36V dc. All output relays are suitable for both signals and trip duties. The optional PT 100 input is lead compensated, balanced and

linearised for PT 100 resistance thermometers per IEC 60751. The optional 0 to 20mA input provides open circuit and overload monitoring, zero suppression defined by a setting, plus the option of linearising the input variable via 20 adjustable interpolation points. Two freely selected measured signals (cyclically updated measured operating data and stored measured fault data) can be output as a load independent direct current via the two optional 0 to 20mA outputs. The characteristics are defined via 3 adjustable interpolation points allowing a minimum output current (4mA, for example) for receiver side open circuit monitoring, knee point definition for fine scaling and a limitation to lower nominal currents (10mA, for example).

Where sufficient output relays are available, a freely selected measured variable can be output in BCD-coded form via contacts.

Control and display

Local control panel 17 LED indicators, 12 of which allow freely configurable function assignment PC interface Communication interface (optional). Information exchange is via the local control panel, PC interface and the optional communication interface. Using this information interface, the devices can be integrated with substation control systems or telecontrol systems.

Communication Metering Recording Self Monitoring Vref

I
V

MCMON

ARC, 3p

ARC, 1p

50,50Q, 50N 51,51Q, 51N 27,27N, 59,59N

21,21N

P433 and P435 only

P435 and P437only

P433, P435, P437

Abbreviations of Function Groups: DIST MCMON BUOC PSIG ARC DTOC IDMT V<> f<> Distance protection Measuring circuit monitoring Back-up overcurrent protection Protective signaling Autoreclosing control Definite time overcurrent protection Inverse time overcurrent protection Over/undervoltage protection Over/underfrequency protection THERM SOTF CBF LIMIT LOGIC P<> GFDSS Thermal overload protection Switch-on-to-fault protection Circuit breaker failure protection Limit value monitoring Programmable logic Directional power protection Ground fault direction determination using steady state signals TGFD GFSIG GFTRP PSB ASC GFSC GFSCSG Transient ground fault direction determination Ground fault signaling Ground fault tripping Power swing blocking Automatic synchronism check Ground fault (shortcircuit) protection Ground fault (shortcircuit) protection signaling

Figure 1: Functional overview 3

85-67N

50/27

67N

32

78

85

79

81

49

79

25

GFCSG

THERM

GFDSS

LOGIC

GFSIG

BUOC

DTOC

GFTRP

SOTF

IDMT

LIMIT

PSIG

DIST

V<>

CBF

P<>

f<>

ASC

GFSC

TGFD

PSB

Main functions
Main functions are autonomous function groups and can be individually configured or disabled to suit a particular application. Function groups that are not required and have been disabled by the user are masked completely (except for the configuration parameter) and functional support is withdrawn from such groups. This concept permits an extensive scope of functions and universal application of the device in a single design version, while at the same time providing for a clear and straight forward setting procedure and adaptation to the protection and control task under consideration. Distance protection fault detection logic The distance protection devices are equipped with an elaborate fault detection system that can be adapted to the individual power system. Even when the fault detection conditions are unfavourable it will ensure reliable fault detection as well as selective fault type determination. For this purpose, the following fault detection measurement elements are implemented in the devices (Figure 2): Phase selective overcurrent detection (I>>) Phase selective undervoltage detection (V<) Phase selective angle dependent underimpedance detection with adjustable load blinding (Z<) Ground fault detection with adjustable neutral point treatment (using the residual current IN> and/or neutral displacement voltage VNG>). Undervoltage and under-impedance detection can be enabled separately. All fault detection measurement elements operate simultaneously.

Inrush stabilisation The operate function of overcurrent detection can be stabilised under inrush conditions if desired. The ratio of the second harmonic component of the phase currents to the fundamental serves as the criterion. This stabilisation is either phase selective or effective across all three phases depending on the chosen setting. Fuse failure monitoring A failure of the measuring voltage caused by a short circuit or line breaks in the secondary circuit, can be detected by the internal fuse failure monitoring function. In this event, the distance protection function will automatically be blocked and if appropriate, the back-up overcurrent time protection function will be activated. Phase selection P433 and P435 devices evaluate the distance decision only for one fault loop. This loop is selected depending on the fault type determined by the fault detection logic and the set loop preference. P437 devices evaluate the distance decision for all fault loops. These loops are selected depending on the fault type determined by the fault detection logic and where applicable to the set loop preference, eg. if only phase-phase loop should be evaluated in case of phase-phase ground faults. Directional voltage memory Directional determination requires a voltage memory for the following reasons: Measuring voltage is too small for short fault distances Transients in the presence of capacitive voltage transformers Protection of series compensated lines. To eliminate these problems, the distance protection devices are equipped with a voltage memory with continuous writing of the phase-phase voltage VAB into a ring memory as long as the voltage and frequency conditions are satisfied.
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The directional determination element can access the voltage memory when the measured voltages fall below a set value. Frequency compensation allows the memory to be used as a valid directional reference for up to 2 seconds after fault inception.

V/V nom V/V nom / 3

1.0
or

V<
0.5

I>

1.0

I>>

2.0

I/I nom

Overcurrent and undervoltage detection characteristic

Settable parameters: Overcurrent I>> Undervoltage U< Base line current I>
X fw X

70
Z fw
fw ,P G

fw
,PP

Under-impedance detection characteristic

Settable parameters: Reactance Xfw Resistances Rfw,PP and Rfw,PG Impedances Zfw,PP and Zfw,PG Load angle b Zone reach ratio Zbw/Zfw Base line current I> fw bw PP PG = = = = forward backward phase-to-phase loops phase-to-ground loops

bw

R R fw,PG R fw,PP

Figure 2: Fault detection characteristic (Setting values: see address list)

Polygonal tripping characteristic

X s1 X1

Distance and directional determination For measured angles within the range 45 to +135, a forward direction decision is issued, for angles outside this range, a backward direction decision ensues. The distance decision is obtained by comparing the measured impedance with the set polygonal or circular tripping characteristic (see Figure 3). Six independent distance zones can be set in total. Each zone can be set as forward directional, backward directional or non directional to suit requirements. Additional zone extension factors for phase-phase and phase-ground loops may be set for zone 1. Zone extension is controlled by integrated functions such as auto-reclosing control, protective signaling or by an external signal. With the P433 and P435, the fourth zone can be used as a special zone depending on the set operating mode, eg. to allow autoreclosing only on the overhead line section in cable/line systems or to compensate the bundle conductor effect. With the P437, the sixth zone is permanently measured and could be used in user defined scheme logic. Tripping timer stages Each of the distance zones is assigned a settable timer stage. Additional timers serve as directional and non-directional back-up timer stages, respectively. Once the back-up timer stages have elapsed, the tripping decision proceeds independent of distance measurement. All timer stages are initialised when a fault is detected. All tripping timer stages can be used separately.

Mutual compensation When protecting parallel lines, care must be taken for the effect of mutual coupling of the lines in the zero sequence system. The P437 could optionally be equipped with an additional CT input to measure the residual current of the parallel line. This current can be taken into account by the calculation of the ground fault loop impedances, depending on a settable ratio of the residual currents of the two lines. Power swing blocking (P435 and P437 only) Power sings between generators due to severe load variations or system faults, may cause measured impedances to enter distance zones. To avoid incorrect tripping, the devices measure the rated change of power over a two cycle window to implement blocking for the duration of the swing. Switch-on-to-fault protection Closing of a circuit breaker might inadvertently lead to a short circuit fault due to a maintenance ground clamp not yet removed, for example. The function switch-on-to-fault protection provides for an undelayed protective tripping during a settable time after a manual close command has been issued. Depending on the operating mode, either a trip command with initialisation of the fault detection logic or a zone extension of distance protection according to the set zone extension factors results. Measuring circuit monitoring The voltage measuring circuits need to be monitored for short circuits and line breaks. In preference, the auxiliary contact of the voltage transformer m.c.b. is used to block the voltage dependent protection function in the event of a shorted measuring circuit. Additionally, internal monitoring can be activated so as to check for plausibility of the measured zero sequence and negative sequence components of current and voltage. If voltage unbalance is diagnosed then all

45

a1 R1,PG R1,PP R

Settings: a1 = 90, s1 = 0
X s 1 X1

45 R1,PG R1,PP

a1 R

Settings: a1 = 60, s1 = 10
X s1 X1

45 R1,PG R1,PP

a1 R

Settings: a1 = 40, s1 = 20 Settable parameters: Reactance X1 Resistances R1,PP and R1,PG Line impedance angle a1 Angle of inclination s1 Direction N1 Tripping time t1 PP = phase-to-phase loops PG = phase-to-ground loops

Circular tripping characteristic

X Z1 45

a1
arc compensation

Settings: a1 = 40 Settable parameters: Impedance Z1 Line impedance angle a1 Arc compensation Direction N1 Tripping time t1

Figure 3: Tripping characteristic Zone 1 (Setting values: see address list) 5

voltage dependent protective functions such as distance measurement are blocked automatically. Furthermore, negative sequence current and voltage are monitored for compliance with set limit values. If the limit value is exceeded for a set period of time then a signal is issued. Current unbalance monitoring can be used to implement functions such as circuit breaker pole discrpancy. Back-up overcurrent time protection When a fault occurs in the voltage measuring circuit, distance measurement is no longer possible. In this case, a one stage back-up overcurrent time protection function (BUOC) can be enabled automatically. Activation of the autoreclose control function is optional during BUOC operation. Back-up overcurrent time protection starting can be blocked by inrush stabilisation if desired (see Distance Protection).

Protective signaling The distance reach is usually set to values below 100% line length so as to avoid overlapping of adjacent substations. Protective signaling (teleprotection scheme logic) extends the reach of protection to 100% by a logic operation on the signals transmitted by the remote substation. Protective signaling can be operated using one of the following schemes shown in the table below. With P437 phase selective signal transmission is possible. Where required, the following additional features can be activated: Weak infeed trip logic Echo Transient blocking Frequency monitoring (deblocking) A test send signal can be triggered via any of the device interfaces. Automatic synchronism check (P435 and P437 only/optional) This function can be used in conjunction with automatic or manual (re)closure. In non radial networks this ensures that reclosure will proceed only if the synchronism conditions are met.

Auto-reclosing control The internal auto-reclosing control (ARC) capabilty depends on the device type: P433: only 3 pole P435: 1/3 pole, start dependent P437: 1/3 pole, trip dependent. ARC cycles with an high speed reclosure (HSR) and up to nine subsequent time delay reclosures (TDR) are possible. HSR and TDR are independently configurable. For special cases, tripping prior to an HSR or TDR can be delayed. Triggering of the ARC function via binary inputs (tripping by a protective device operating in parallel) can be effected. Single pole tripping of the P435 and P437 devices is possible with single phase faults (1pG) and isolated two phase faults (2p). Via three binary inputs, the phase selective tripping signals of a protective device operating in parallel, can be used for a plausibility check of the devices own tripping decision. HSR and TDR reclosures are counted and signaled separately. Test HSR can be triggered via any of the device interfaces.

Channel aided scheme logic

Scheme Underreaching Z1 Z1e
Direct transfer trip Permissive underreaching TT Zone extension

Send signal
Z1 Z1 Z1

Trip signal
Receive Receive and fault detected Receive & Z1e or Receive & fault forward Receive & Z1e or Receive & fault forward No receive & Z1e & timer elapsed or No receive & fault forward & timer elapsed No receive & Z1e & timer elapsed No receive & Z1e & timer elapsed

Overreaching Z1 Z1e

Permissive overreaching TT

Z1e or Fault forward Z6 (backward) or Fault backward Fault backward Fault detected

Blocking scheme

DC loop (P433/P435 only)

Z1e

Reverse interlocking (P433/P435 only)

Ground fault (short circuit) protection (P435 and P437 only) In the event of single phase faults with high fault contact resistances, conventional distance algorithms may not be sufficiently sensitive. This fault condition is covered by the device with a highly sensitive integrated back-up protection function, namely a zero sequence power directional protection function using current and voltage of the zero sequence network for fault and directional determination. When the set operate values VNG> and IN> are exceeded, detection and selective clearance of single pole faults can be performed. Ground fault (short circuit) protection signaling (P435 and P437 only) In order to achieve high speed tripping by the ground fault (short circuit) protection function, the device is equipped with a supplementary ground fault (short circuit) protection signalling logic. The operating mode of this logic function is in parallel to and independent of the protective signalling function of distance protection. The only limitations would result if a common transmission channel is used. The following operating modes are supported: Signal comparison release scheme Signal comparison blocking scheme The following functions can be activated as required to suit the individual application: Weak infeed trip logic Echo Transient blocking Frequency monitoring A test send signal can be triggered via any of the device interfaces.

Definite time overcurrent protection A four stage definite time overcurrent protection (DTOC) function can be activated in parallel to distance protection. Three separate measuring elements are available for this purpose: Maximum phase current Negative sequence current Residual current Starting of the phase and negative sequence current stages can be blocked by inrush stabilisation (see distance protection) if desired.

Inverse time overcurrent protection The single stage inverse time overcurrent protection (IDMT) function operates with three separate measuring elements: Maximum phase current Negative sequence current Residual current For the individual measuring elements, the user can select from a multitude of tripping characteristics (see table below). The IDMT protection function can be operated in directional mode. The directional decision can either be accepted from the distance measuring element or can be formed from the negative sequence current and voltage. Starting of the phase and negative sequence current stages can be blocked by inrush stabilisation if required (see distance protection).

Tripping time characteristics of Inverse Time Overcurrent Protection

No. Tripping time characteristic (k = 0.01 to 10.00) 0 1 2 2 4 5 6 7 Definite time Per IEC 60255-3 Normally inverse Very inverse Extremely inverse Long time inverse Per ANSI/IEEE C37.112 Moderately inverse Very inverse Extremely inverse 0.14 13.5 80 120 Trip 0.0515 19.6100 28.2000 Trip 8.9341 0.2663 5.6143 t=k a 0.02 1.00 2.00 1.00 0.0200 2.0000 2.0000 a Constants and formulae (t in s) b c R t=k

t=k

Iref 1
0.1140 0.4910 0.1217 Release 4.85 21.60 29.10 Release 9.00 0.50 15.75

I b

Per ANSI 8 Normally inverse 9 Short time inverse 10 Long time inverse

2.0938 1.2969 1.0000

0.17966 0.03393 2.18592 tr = k

Iref 1
Not per standard 11 RI type inverse t=k 1 0.339

I b

+c

Iref 1

R
2

0.236

I Iref I Iref

Not per standard 11 RXIDG type inverse

t=k

5.8 1.35 ln

Over/undervoltage protection The over/undervoltage time protection function evaluates the fundamental wave of the phase voltages and neutral displacement voltage, as well as the positive sequence voltage and negative sequence voltage obtained from the fundamental wave of the three phase-ground voltages. Two definite time delay overvoltage stages each are provided for evaluation of the neutral displacement voltage and negative sequence voltage. Two additional definite time delay undervoltage stages each are provided for evaluation of the phase voltages and positive sequence voltage. Phase voltage evaluation can be performed using either the phase-phase voltages or the phase--ground voltages as desired. For evaluating the neutral displacement voltage, the user may choose between the neutral displacement voltage formed internally from the three phase-ground voltages and the neutral displacement voltage formed externally (from the open delta winding of the voltage transformer, for example) via the fourth voltage measuring input. Over/underfrequency protection Over/underfrequency protection has four stages. Each of these can be operated in one of the following modes: Over/underfrequency monitoring Over/underfrequency monitoring combined with differential frequency gradient monitoring (df/dt) for system decoupling applications Over/underfrequency monitoring combined with medium frequency gradient monitoring (f/t) for load shedding applications

Directional power protection (P433 and P435 only) The directional power protection monitors exceeding active and reactive power limit, power drop and reversal of direction at unsymmetrically operated lines. Evaluation of the power is performed using the fundamental wave of the three phase currents and of the three phase-ground voltages. Thermal overload protection Using this function, thermal overload protection for lines, transformers and stator windings of HV motors can be realized. The highest of the three phase currents serves to track a first order thermal replica according to IEC 60255-8. The tripping time is determined by the set thermal time constant of the protected object and the set tripping level trip depending on the accumulated thermal load p:

Ground fault direction determination using steady state values (P433 and P435 only) The ground fault direction is determined by evaluating the neutral displacement voltage (eg. from the open delta winding of the voltage transformer) and the residual current (eg. from a core balance or window type current transformer). The directional characteristic can be set to suit the method of system grounding (cos measured for Petersen Coil and sin circuit for insulated neutral). In the cos circuit, the adjustable sector angle also has an effect so that faulty direction decisions (resulting, for instance, from the phase angle error of the current and voltage transformers) can be suppressed effectively. Operate sensitivity and sector angle can be set separately for the forward and backward direction, respectively. Alternatively, an evaluation based on current only can be performed. In this case, only the magnitude of the filtered residual current is used as ground fault criterion. Both procedures operate with either the filtered fundamental or the fifth harmonic component in accordance with the chosen setting. Transient ground fault direction determination (P433 and P435 only/optional) The ground fault direction is determined by evaluating the neutral displacement voltage, calculated from the three phase--ground voltages and the neutral current on the basis of the transient ground fault measuring procedure. The direction decision is latched. The user may select either manual or automatic resetting after a set time delay.

I 2 Q p I t = tln B 2 I Q trip IB
A warning signal can be issued in accordance with the set warning level warning. Circuit breaker failure protection With the trip command, a timer stage is started for the monitoring of the circuit breaker action. If the timer elapses due to the persistence of the general starting, a circuit breaker failure signal is issued. This serves to issue a second trip command (retrip) or, according to the users choice, to trip neighbouring protection device (upstream breaker). The input of a circuit breaker failure signal via an appropriately configured binary input while the general starting persists, effects an undelayed trip command.

Limit monitoring A multitude of currents, voltages and the measured temperature are monitored to aid operation of the protected line. This function is not intended to be used for protection purposes, as it has an inherent one second delay. For example, for the 3-phase currents, the phase-ground voltages and the phase-phase voltages the highest and lowest value is determined. These are evaluated using an operate value and time delay set by the user. Thereby, these currents and voltages can be monitored for exceeding an upper limit or falling below a lower limit. Programmable logic User configurable logic enables the user to set-up logic operations on binary signals within a framework of Boolean equations. By means of a straightforward configuration procedure, any of the protection device signals can be linked by logic OR or AND operations with the possibility of additional negation operations. The output signal of an equation can be fed into a further, higher order equation as an input signal, thus leading to a set of interlinked Boolean equations. The output signal of each equation is fed to a separate timer stage with two timer elements each and a choice of operating modes. Thus the output signal of each equation can be assigned a freely configurable time characteristic. The two output signals of each equation can be configured to each available input signal after logic OR linking. The user configurable logic function is then able to influence the individual functions without external wiring (block, reset, trigger, for example). Via non-storable continuous signals, monostable trigger signals and bistable stored setting/resetting signals, the Boolean equations can be controlled externally via any of the devices interfaces.

Global functions
Functions operating globally allow the adaptation of the devices interfaces to the protected power system, offer support during commissioning and testing, providing continuously updated information on the operation, as well as valuable analysis results following events in the protected system. Clock synchronization The devices incorporate an internal clock with a resolution of 1ms. All events are time tagged based on this clock, entered in the recording memory appropriate to their significance and signalled via the communication interface. Alternatively, two external synchronisation signals can be used according to the selected communication protocol: using one of the protocols MODBUS, DNP3.0, IEC 60870-5-103 or IEC 60870-5-101 the device will be synchronised by a time telegram from a higher level substation control system or in any other case, it will be synchronised using the IRIG-B signal input. The internal clock will then be adjusted accordingly and operate with an accuracy of 10ms if synchronised via protocol and 1ms if synchronised via IRIG-B signal. Parameter subset selection The function parameters for setting the protection functions are, to a large extent, stored in four independent parameter subsets. Switching between these alternative setting groups is readily achieved via any of the devices interfaces.

Operating data recording For the continuous recording of processes in system operation or of events, non-volatile ring memory entries are provided. The relevant signals, each fully tagged with date and time at signal start and signal end, are entered in chronological sequence. Included are control actions such as enabling or disabling of functions as well as local control triggering for testing and resetting. The onset and end of events in the network, as far as these represent a deviation from normal operation (overload, ground fault or short circuit, for example) are recorded. Overload data acquisition Overload situations in the network represent a deviation from normal system operation and can be permitted for a brief period only. The overload protection functions enabled in the protection and control units recognise overload situations in the system and provide for acquisition of overload data such as the magnitude of the overload current, the relative heating during the overload situation and its duration. Overload recording While an overload condition persists in the network, the relevant signals, each fully tagged with date and time at signal start and signal end, are entered into a non-volatile memory in chronological sequence. The measured overload data, fully tagged with the date and time of acquisition, are also entered. Up to eight overload situations can be recorded. If more than eight overload situations occur without interim memory clearance then the oldest overload recording is overwritten.

Ground fault data acquisition While a ground fault in a network with isolated neutral or resonant grounding represents a system fault, it is usually nevertheless possible, in the first instance, to continue system operation without restrictions. The ground fault determination functions enabled in the protection device recognise ground faults in the system and provide for the acquisition of the associated ground fault data such as, the magnitude of the neutral displacement voltage and the ground fault duration. Ground fault recording While a ground fault condition persists in the power system, the relevant signals, each fully tagged with date and time at signal start and signal end, are entered into a non-volatile memory in chronological sequence. The measured ground fault data, fully tagged with the date and time of acquisition, are also entered. Up to eight ground faults can be recorded. If more than eight ground faults occur without interim memory clearance then the oldest ground fault recording is overwritten.

Fault data acquisition A short circuit within the network is described as a fault. The short circuit protection functions enabled in the devices recognise short circuits within the system and trigger acquisition of the associated measured fault data such as, the magnitude of the short circuit current and the fault duration. As acquisition time, either the end of the fault or the start of the trip command can be specified by the user. Triggering via an external signal is also possible. The acquisition of the measured fault data is performed in the measuring loop selected by the protective device and provides impedances and reactances as well as current, voltage and angle values. The fault distance is determined from the measured short circuit reactance and is read out with reference to the set 100% value of the protected line section. The fault location is output either with each general starting or only with a general starting accompanied by a trip (according to the users choice). Fault recording Fault recording comprises event and disturbance recording along with the stored fault measurands. While a fault condition persists in the power system, the relevant signals, each fully tagged with date and time at signal start and signal end, are entered into a non-volatile memory in chronological sequence. The measured fault data, fully tagged with the date and time of acquisition, are also entered. Furthermore, the sampled values of all analogue input variables such as phase currents and phase-ground voltages are recorded during a fault. Up to eight faults can be recorded. If more than eight faults occur without interim memory clearance then the oldest fault recording is overwritten.

Self monitoring Comprehensive self monitoring procedures within the devices ensure that internal hardware or software errors are detected and do not cause malfunctions of the protective devices. As the auxiliary voltage is turned on, a functional test is carried out. Cyclic self monitoring tests are run during operation. If test results deviate from the default value then the corresponding signal is entered into the non-volatile monitoring signal memory. The result of the fault diagnosis determines whether a blocking of the protection device will occur or whether a warning only is issued.

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Control
All data required for operation of the protection and control unit are entered from the integrated local control panel. Data important for system management is also read out from here. The following tasks can be handled via the local control panel: Readout and modification of settings Readout of cyclically updated measured operating data and state signals Readout of operating data logs and of monitoring signal logs Readout of event logs (after overload situations, ground faults or short circuits in the power system) Resetting of the unit and triggering of further control functions designed to support testing and commissioning tasks The local control panel shown in Figure 4 comprises the local control elements and functions described below. Display (1) The integrated local control panel has an LCD display with 4 x 20 alphanumeric characters. 17 LED indicators are provided for signal display. (2) 5 LED indicators are permanently assigned to signals. Measured value panels The configuration of the local control panel allows the installation of measured value Panels on the LCD display. The Panels are automatically displayed for certain operation conditions of the system. Priority increases from normal operation to operation under overload conditions and finally to operation following a short circuit in the system. The protection device thus provides the measured value data relevant for the prevailing conditions.
Figure 4: Local control panel

3 2

4 6 7

(3) The remaining 12 LED indicators are available for free assignment by the user. A separate adhesive label is provided for user defined labeling of these LED indicators according to the chosen configuration. Menu tree (4) By pressing the cursor keys and guided by the LCD display, the user moves within a plain text menu. All setting parameters and measured variables as well as all local control functions are arranged in this menu which is standardised for all system devices. Changes to the settings can be prepared and confirmed by means of the ENTER key which also serves to trigger local control functions. In the event of erroneous entries, exit from the EDIT MODE with rejection of the entries is possible at any time by means of the CLEAR key . When the EDIT MODE is not activated, pressing the CLEAR key has the effect of resetting the indications. Pressing the READ key provides direct access to a preselected point in the menu.

Type label and PC interface (5) The upper covering flap is labeled with the device type designation. Located under the flap is the type identification label with information on the order number, serial number and the nominal electrical values. (6) Located under the lower covering flap is the serial interface for connecting a PC. (7) To prevent unauthorized opening of the lower flap, it can be sealed using the attached eyelets.

Password protection Access barriers protect the enter mode in order to guard against inadvertent or unauthorised changing of parameters or triggering of control functions

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Mechanical design
The device is supplied in two case designs. Surface mounting case Flush mounting case With both case designs, connection is via threaded terminal ends with the option of either pin terminal or ring terminal connection. Two 40TE flush mounted cases can be combined to form a complete 19 mounting rack. Figure 5 shows the modular hardware structure of the devices. The plug-in modules can be combined to suit individual requirements. The device itself can identify the fitted modules. During each startup, the number and type of fitted modules are identified and checked for compliance with the permissible configurations. As as function of the components actually fitted, the corresponding configuration parameters are then enabled for application. Transformer module T The transformer module converts the measured currents and voltages to the internal processing levels and provides for electrical isolation.

Processor module P The processor module performs the analogue/digital conversion of the measured variables as well as all digital processing tasks. Transient ground fault evaluation module N The optional transient ground fault module evaluates the measured variables according to the transient ground fault evaluation scheme. Local control module L The local control module encompasses all control and display elements as well as a PC interface for running the operating program. The local control module is located behind the front panel and connected to the processor module via a ribbon cable. Communication module A The optional communication module provides a serial information interface for the integration of the protection and control unit into a substation control system. The communication module is plugged into the processor module.

Bus modules B Bus modules are printed circuit boards (PCBs) without any active components. They provide the electrical connection between the other modules. Two types of bus modules are used, namely the analogue and the digital bus PCB. Binary I/O modules X The binary I/O modules are equipped with optical couplers for binary signal input as well as output relays for the output of signals and commands or combinations of these. Analogue module Y The analogue module is fitted with a PT 100 input, a 20 mA input and two 20 mA outputs. One output relay each is assigned to two 20 mA outputs. Additionally, four optical coupler inputs are available. Power supply module V The power supply module ensures the electrical isolation of the device as well as providing the power supply. Depending on the chosen design version, optical coupler inputs and output relays are provided in addition.

Operating (PC) Port L

MiCO
TRIP

Communication Port A

ALARM

OUT OF SERVICE

C
G

HEALTHY

EDIT MODE

L/R

B T X Y V

Currents / Voltages

Control

Signals

Figure 5: Hardware structure 12

G
G

Analogue Signals

Commands

Aux. Voltage

Technical data
General data
Design
Surface mounting case suitable for wall installation or flush mounting case for 19 cabinets and for control panels

Immunity to electrostatic discharge Per EN 60255-22-2 or IEC 60255-22-2, Level 3 Contact discharge, single discharges: > 10 Holding time: > 5s, Test voltage: 6kV Test generator: 50 to 100M, 150pF/330 Immunity to radiated electromagnetic energy Per EN 61000-4-3 and ENV 50204, Level 3 Antenna distance to tested device: > 1m on all sides Test field strength, freq. band 80 to 1000MHz: 10V/m Test using AM: 1kHz /80% Single test at 900 MHz: AM 200Hz/100% Electrical fast transient or burst requirements Per IEC 60255-22-4 Test severity level 4 Rise time of one pulse: 5ns Impulse duration (50% value): 50ns Amplitude: 4kV/2kV, resp. Burst duration: 15ms, Burst period: 300ms Burst frequency: 2.5kHz Source impedance: 50 Surge immunity test Per EN 61000-4-5 or IEC 61000-4-5, Level 4 Testing of power supply circuits unsymmetrically/symmetrically operated lines Open circuit voltage front time/time to half value: 1.2/50s, Short circuit current front time/time to half value: 8/20s, Amplitude: 4/2kV, Pulse frequency: > 5/min Source impedance: 12/42 Immunity to conducted disturbances induced by radio frequency fields Per EN 61000-4-6 or IEC 61000-4-6, Level 3 Disturbing test voltage: 10V Power frequency magnetic field immunity Per EN 61000-4-8 or IEC 61000-4-8, Level 4 Frequency: 50Hz, Test field strength: 30A/m Alternating component (ripple) in dc auxiliary energizing quantity Per IEC 60255-11 12%

Routine test
Tests per EN 60255-6 or IEC 60255-6 Voltage test Per IEC 60255-5 2.2kV ac, 1s For the voltage test of the power supply inputs, direct voltage (2.8kV dc) must be used. The PC interface must not be subjected to the voltage test. Additional thermal test 100% controlled thermal endurance test, inputs loaded

Installation position
Vertical 30

Degree of protection
Per DIN VDE 0470 and EN 60529 or IEC 60529. IP 52; IP 20 for the rear connection area of the flush mounting case.

Environmental conditions
Ambient temperature range Recommended temperature range: 5C to +55C or +23F to +131F Limit temperature range: 25C to +70C or 13F to +158F Ambient humidity range 75% relative humidity (annual mean), up to 56 days at 95% relative humidity and 40C, condensation not permissible Solar radiation Avoid exposure of the front panel to direct solar radiation.

Weight
Case 40T: max. 7 kg Case 84T: max. 11 kg

Dimensions
See dimensions

Terminal connection diagrams

See Location and connections

Terminals
PC interface DIN 41652 connector (X6), type D-Sub, 9 pin. Communication interface Optical plastic fibres (X7 and X8): F-SMA interface per DIN 47258 or IEC 60874-2 per plastic fibres or BFOC-(ST) interface 2.5 per DIN 47254-1 or IEC 60874-10 per glass fibre or Leads (X9, X10): Threaded terminal ends M2 for wire cross sections up to 1.5mm2 IRIG-B interface (X11) BNC plug Current measuring inputs Threaded terminals for pin terminal connection: Threaded terminal ends M5, self centering with wire protection for conductor cross sections of 4mm2 or Threaded terminals for ring terminal connection: In preparation Other inputs and outputs Threaded terminals for pin terminal connection: Threaded terminal ends M3, self centering with wire protection for conductor cross sections of 0.2 to 2.5mm2 or Threaded terminals for ring terminal connection: In preparation

Ratings
Measurement inputs Nominal frequency fnom: 50 and 60Hz (settable) Operating range: 0.95 to 1.05fnom Over/Underfrequency protection: 40...70Hz Current Nominal current Inom: 1 and 5A (settable) Nominal consumption per phase: < 0.1 VA at Inom Load rating: continuous: 4 Inom for 10s: 30 Inom for 1s: 100 Inom Nominal surge current: 250 Inom Voltage Nominal voltage Vnom: 50 to 130V ac (settable) Nominal consumption per phase: < 0.3VA at Vnom = 130V ac Load rating: continuous 150V ac

Insulation
Voltage test Per IEC 60255-5 or EN 61010 2kV ac, 60s For the voltage test of the power supply inputs, direct voltage (2.8kV dc) must be used. The PC interface must not be subjected to the voltage test. Impulse voltage withstand test Per IEC 60255-5 Front time: 1.2s, Time to half value: 50s Peak value: 5kV, Source impedance: 500

Binary signal inputs

Nominal auxiliary voltage Vin,nom: 24 to 250V dc Operating range: 0.8 to 1.1Vin,nom with a residual ripple of up to 12% of Vin,nom Power consumption per input: Vin = 19 to 110V dc: 0.5W 30% Vin > 110V dc: Vin x 5mA 30%

Output relays
Rated voltage: 250V dc, 250V ac Continuous current: 5A Short duration current: 30A for 0.5s Making capacity: 1000W (VA) at L/R = 40ms Breaking capacity: 0.2A at 220V dc and L/R = 40ms 4A at 230V ac and cos = 0.4

Creepage distances and clearances

Per EN 61010-1 and IEC 60664-1 Pollution degree 3 working voltage 250V overvoltage category III, impulse test voltage 5kV

Mechanical robustness
Vibration test Per EN 60255-21-1 or IEC 60255-21-1 Test severity class 1 Frequency range in operation: 10 to 60Hz, 0.035mm, 60 to 150Hz, 0.5g Frequency range during transport: 10 to 150Hz, 1 g Shock response and withstand test, bump test Per EN 60255-21-2 or IEC 60255-21-2 Test severity class 1 Acceleration: 5g/15g, Pulse duration: 11ms Seismic test Per EN 60255-21-3 or IEC 60255-21-3 Test procedure A, Class 1 Frequency range: 5 to 8Hz, 3.5mm/1.5mm 8 to 35Hz, 10/5m/s2, 3 x 1 cycle

Analogue inputs and outputs

Direct current input Input current: 0 to 26mA Value range: 0.00 to 1.20 Idc,nom (Idc,nom = 20mA) Maximum permissible continuous current: 50mA Maximum permissible input voltage: 17V Input load: 100 Open circuit monitoring: 0 to 10mA (adjustable) Overload monitoring: > 24.8mA Zero suppression: 0.000 to 0.200 Idc,nom (adjustable) Resistance thermometer: Only PT 100 permitted, mapping curve per IEC 60751 Value range: 40 to +215C (equivalent to 40 to +419F) 3 wire configuration: max. 20 per conductor. Open and short circuited input permitted. Open circuit monitoring: > +215C (or > +419F) and < 40C (or < 40F)

Tests
Type test Tests according to EN 60255-6 or IEC 60255-6

EMC
Interference suppression Per EN 55022 or IEC CISPR 22, Class A 1 MHz burst disturbance test Per EN 60255-22-1 or IEC 60255-22-1, Class III Common mode test voltage: 2.5kV Differential test voltage: 1.0kV Test duration: > 2s, Source impedance: 200

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Direct current output Output current: 0 to 20mA Maximum permissible load: 500 Maximum output voltage: 15V

Typical characteristic data

Main function Minimum output pulse for a trip command: 0.1 to 10s (settable) Output pulse for a close command: 0.1 to 10s (settable) Distance protection Minimum fault detection time: 12ms Fault detector reset time 30ms 10ms Directional sensitivity: up to 2s after fault detection: 2s after fault detection and for switching on to fault: 200 mV 10% Shortest tripping time: P433/P435: approx. 19ms P437: approx. 16ms Fault detection and measurement resetting ratio: 0.95 Overcurrent time protection Shortest tripping time: approx. 25ms Starting reset time approx. 25ms Starting and measurement resetting ratio: 0.95 Over/undervoltage protection Shortest tripping time: approx. 40ms Starting reset time approx. 30ms Starting resetting ratio: settable hyterisis 1...10%

Deviations of the timer stages

Reference conditions Sinusoidal signals with nominal frequency fnom, total harmonic distortion 2%, ambient temperature 20C and nominal auxiliary voltage VA,nom Deviation Deviation relative to the setting under reference conditions Definite time stages 1% +20...40ms Inverse time stages 5% +10 to 25ms (measured variable greater than 2 Iref) for IEC characteristic extremely inverse and for thermal overload protection: 7.5% + 10 to 20ms

Power supply
Nominal auxiliary voltage VA,nom: 48 to 250V dc and 100 to 230V ac or VA,nom: 24V dc (depends on ordering) Operating range for direct voltage: 0.8 to 1.1 VA,nom with a residual ripple of up to 12% of VA,nom for alternating voltage: 0.9 to 1.1 VA,nom Nominal consumption at VA = 220V dc/ maximum number of modules fitted: In case 40TE: Initial position approx.: 13W Active position approx.: 29W In case 84TE: Initial position approx.: 13W Active position approx.: 37W Start-up peak current < 3A, duration 0.25ms Stored energy time 50ms for interruption of VA 220 dc

Deviations in measured data acquisition

Reference conditions Sinusoidal signals with nominal frequency fnom, total harmonic distortion 2%, ambient temperature 20C and nominal auxiliary voltage VA,nom Deviation Deviation relative to the relevant nominal value under reference conditions Operating data Currents/measuring inputs: 1% Voltages/measuring input: 0.5% Currents/internally calculated: 2% Voltages/internally calculated: 2% Active and reactive power: 2% Load angle: 1 Frequency: 10mHz Fault data Short circuit current and voltage: 3% Short circuit impedance and fault location: 5% Internal clock With free running internal clock: < 1 min./month With external synchronization via protocol, synch. interval 1 min: < 10ms via IRIG-B signal input: 1ms

PC interface
Transmission rate: 300 to 115,200 baud (settable)

Deviations of the operate values

Reference conditions Sinusoidal signals with nominal frequency fnom, total harmonic distortion 2%, ambient temperature 20C and nominal auxiliary voltage VA,nom Deviation Deviation relative to the set value under reference conditions Distance protection Fault detector V<, VNG>, VNG>>: 3% Fault detector I>, I>>, IN Setting range 0.1 to 0.25 Inom: 5% Setting range > 0.25 Inom: 3% Fault detector Z< at k = 0, 30, 60, 90: 5% Impedance measurement Z< Deviation at K = 0, 90: 3% Deviation at K = 30, 60: 5% Directional determination: 3 Measuring circuit monitoring Operate values Ineg, Vneg: 3% Back-up DTOC protection Operate value I>: 3% Overcurrent time protection Operate values I>, IN>: 5% Over/undervoltage protection Operate values V<>: 3% Over/underfrequency protection Operate values f<>: 3% Directional power protection Operate values V<>: 3% Ground fault direction determination Using steady state values Operate values VNG>, IN.act, IN.reac, IN>: 3% Sector angle: 1 Thermal overload protection Operate value : 5%

Communication interface
Protocol can be switched between: IEC 60870-5-103, IEC 60870-5-101, MODBUS, DNP 3.0 Transmission rate: 300 to 38400 baud (settable) Wire leads Per RS 485 or RS 422, 2kV isolation Distance to be bridged: peer-to-peer link: max. 1200m multi-endpoint link: max. 100m Plastic fibre connection Optical wavelength: typ. 660 nm Optical output: min. 7.5 dBm Optical sensitivity: min. 20 dBm Optical input: max. 5 dBm Distance to be bridged: max. 45m1) Glass fibre connection G 50/125 Optical wavelength: typ. 820 nm Optical output: min. 19.8 dBm Optical sensitivity: min. 24 dBm Optical input: max. 10 dBm Distance to be bridged: max. 400m1) Glass fibre connection G 62,5/125 Optical wavelength: typ. 820 nm Optical output: min. 16 dBm Optical sensitivity: min. 24 dBm Optical input: max. 10 dBm Distance to be bridged: max. 1400m1)

Resolution in fault data acquisition

Time resolution 20 sampled values per period Phase currents Dynamic range: 100 Inom or 25 Inom (settable) Amplitude resolution at Inom = 1A: 6.1mA rms. or 1.5mA rms. at Inom = 5A: 30,5mA rms. or 7.6mA rms. Residual currents Dynamic range: 16 IE,nom Amplitude resolution at Inom = 1A: 0.89mA rms. at Inom = 5A: 4.9mA rms. Voltages Dynamic range: 150V Amplitude resolution: 9,2 mV rms

IRIG-B interface
Format B122 Amplitude modulated, 1kHz carrier signal BCD time of year code

1) Distance to be bridged for optical outputs and inputs that are equal on both ends, taking into account a system reserve of 3dB and typical fibre attenuation.

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Address list Function parameters

Global functions
PC link (PC): Command blocking: No/Yes Sig./meas.val.block.: No/Yes Communication link (COMM1): Command block. USER: No/Yes Sig./meas.block.USER: No/Yes Binary and analogue output (OUTP): Outp.rel.block USER: No/Yes Main function (MAIN): Device on-line: No (= off) /Yes (= on) Time switching: Standard time/Daylight saving time Test mode USER: No/Yes Nominal frequ. fnom: 50Hz/60Hz Rotary field: Clockwise rotation/Anti-clockwise rot. Inom CT prim.: 1..10000A IN,nom CT prim.: 1....10000A Vnom VT prim.: 0.1....1000.0kV VNG,nom V.T. prim.: 0.1....1000.0kV Inom device: 1.0A/5.0A IN,nom device: 1.0A/5.0A Vnom VT sec.: 50...130V VNG,nom VT sec.: 50...130V Dynamic range I: Highest range/Sensitive range Conn. meas. circ. IP: Standard/Opposite Conn. meas. circ. IN: Standard/Opposite Meas. value rel. IP: 0.000...0.200 Inom Meas. value rel. IN: 0.000...0.200 IEnom Meas. value rel. V: 0.000...0.200Vnom Meas. val. rel. VNG: 0.000...0.200 Vne,nom Settl. t. IP,max,del: 0.1... 15.0...60.0 min Fct.assign. block. 1: see selection table Fct.assign. block. 2: see selection table Trip cmd.block. USER: No/Yes Fct.assig.trip cmd.1: see selection table Fct.assig.trip cmd.2: see selection table Min.dur. trip cmd. 1: 0.10...10.00s Min.dur. trip cmd. 2: 0.10...10.00s Close cmd.pulse time: 0.10...10.00s RC inh.by CB cl.: No/Yes Fct. assign. fault: see selection table Parameter subset selection (PSS): Control via USER: No/Yes Param.subs.sel. USER: Parameter subset 1 Parameter subset 2 Parameter subset 3 Parameter subset 4 Keep time: 0.000...65.000s /Blocked Selfmonitoring (SFMON): Fct. assign. warning: see selection table Fault recording (FT_RC): Fct. assig. trigger: see selection table Pre fault time: 1...50 periods Post fault time: 1...50 periods Max. recording time: 5...750 periods

Main functions
Main function (MAIN): Neutral point treat.: Low imped. grounding Isol./res.w.start.PG Isol./res.w/o st. PG Short durat. ground. Phase priority 2pG: Phase-to-phase loop Phase-to-ground loop C before A acyclic A bef. B bef. C cycl A before C acyclic C bef. B bef. A cycl B before A acyclic A before B acyclic C before B acyclic B before C acyclic Transfer for 1p: Ground/P or G =f(Imed,Imax) Op. mode rush restr.: Without Not phase selective Phase selective I> lift rush restr.: 5.0...20.0 Inom/Blocked Rush I(2*fn)/I(fn): 10...35%/Blocked Distance protection (DIST): Enabled USER: No/Yes CVT stabilization: No/Yes (P437 only): Zone extens. For 1pG: No/Yes Power swing blocking (PSB): (P435/P437 only) Enabled USER: No/Yes Threshold value: 1...50% Operate delay: 0.06...1.00s Release delay: 0.06...1.00s Measuring circuit monitoring (MCMON): Enabled USER: No/Yes Current monitoring: No/Yes Ineg>: 0.10...1.00 Imax Op. mode volt. mon.: Vneg Vneg with curr. enab Vneg w.CB cont.enab. Operate delay: 0.00...10.00s FF, V enabled USER: No/Yes Vpos<, FF: 0.01...0.10Vnom Vneg>, FF: 0.01Vnom Vneg<, FF: 0.01...0.10Vnom Ineg>, FF: 0.01...0.50 Inom Operate delay FF, V: 0.00...10.00s (P435/P437 only): FF,Vref enabled USER No/Yes Oper. delay FF, Vref: 0.00...10.00s Back-up overcurrent protection (BUOC): Enabled USER: No/Yes Operating mode: Without ARC With ARC, 3p HSR With ARC, 1/3p HSR (P435/P437 only) Switch-on-to-fault protection (SOTF): Enabled USER: No/Yes Operating mode: Trip with starting/Trip with overreach Manual close timer: 0.00...10.00s Protective signaling (PSIG): Enabled USER: No/Yes Autoreclosing control (ARC): Enabled USER: No/Yes Automatic synchonism check (ASC): Enabled USER: No/Yes Ground fault (short circuit) protect. (GFSC): (P435/P437 only) Enabled USER: No/Yes IN>: 0.002...0.500 Inom VNG>: 0.015...0.500Vnom Angle phiG: 0...90 Start. oper. delay: 0.00...10.00s Start. releas. delay: 0.00...10.00s t1 (forward): 0.00...60.00s/Blocked

t2 (backward): 0.00...60.00s/Blocked t3 (non-directional): 0.00...60.00s/Blocked Criteria tS active: Blocked/forward/non-directional Operating mode tS: VNG dependent/IN dependent Iref,N: 0.01...0.80 Inom/Blocked Characteristic N: Definite Time IEC Standard Inverse IEC Very Inverse IEC Extr. Inverse IEC Long Time Inv. IEEE Moderately Inv. IEEE Very Inverse IEEE Extremely Inv. ANSI Normally Inv. ANSI Short Time Inv. ANSI Long Time Inv. RI Type Inverse RXIDG Type Inverse Factor kt,N: 0.05...10.00 Ground fault (short circuit) protection signaling (GSCSG): (P435/P437 only) Enabled USER: No/Yes Operating mode: Signal comp. release/Signal comp. block. Channel mode: Independent channel/Common channel Trip mode: 1/3p pole trip w.HSR 3p pole trip w.HSR 3p pole trip w/o.HSR Tripping time: 0.00...10.00s/Blocked Release time send: 0.00...10.00s tBlock: 0.00...10.00s Block. sig. nondir.: No/Yes Echo on receive: No/Yes Operate delay echo: 0.00...10.00s/Blocked Pulse duration echo: 0.00...10.00s tBlock echo: 0.00...10.00s Weak infeed trip: No/With directional r./With VNG> release Op.delay weak infeed: 0.00...10.00s/Blocked Frequency monitoring: No/Yes Definite time overcurrent protection (DTOC): Enabled USER: No/Yes Inverse time overcurrent protection (IDMT): Enabled USER: No/Yes Thermal overload protection (THERM): Enabled USER: No/Yes Iref: 0.10...4.00 Inom Factor kP: 1.05...1.50 Time const. 1 (>Ibl): 1...1000 min Time const. 2(<Ibl): 1...1000 min warning: 50...200% trip: 50...200% Hysteresis trip: 2...30% Over/undervoltage protection (V<>): Enable USER: No/Yes Over/underfrequency protection (f<>): Enabled USER: No/Yes Selection meas. volt: Voltage A-G Voltage B-G Voltage C-G Voltage A-B Voltage B-C Voltage C-A Evaluation time: 3...6 Periods Undervolt. block. V<: 0.20...1.00Vnom(/3) Directional power protection (P<>): (P433/P435 only) Enabled USER: No/Yes Circuit breaker failure protection (CBF): Enabled USER: No/Yes tCBF: 0.00...10.00s/Blocked

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Ground fault direction determination using steady state values (GFDSS): (P433/P435 only) Enabled USER: No/Yes Operating mode: Steady state power/Steady state current Oper. mode GF (pow.): cos phi circuit/sin phi circuit Evaluation VNG: Calculated/Measured Measuring direction: Standard/Opposite VNG>: 0.02...1.00Vnom(/3) tVNG>: 0.02...10.00s f/fnom (pow.meas.): 1/5 f/fnom (curr.meas.): 1/5 IN,act>/IN,reac> LS: 0.003...1.000 IN,nom Sector angle LS: 80...89 Operate delay LS: 0.00...100.00s/Blocked Release delay LS: 0.00...10.00s IN,act>/IN,reac> BS: 0.003...1.000 IN,nom Sector angle BS: 80...89 Operate delay BS: 0.00...100.00s/Blocked Release delay BS: 0.00...10.00s IN>: 0.003...1.000 IN,nom Operate delay IN: 0.00...100.00s/Blocked Release delay IN: 0.00...10.00s Ground fault tripping (GFTRP): (P433/P435 only) Enabled USER: No/Yes Ground fault protection signaling (GFSIG): (P433/P435 only) Enabled USER: No/Yes Operate delay: 0.00...10.00s Send reset time: 0.00...10.00s dc loop op. mode: Transm.relay break c/Transm.relay make co Transient ground fault direction determination (TGFD): (P433/P435 only) Enabled USER: No/Yes Evaluation VNG: Sum (VA-B-C-G) /Measured Measurem. direction: Standard/Opposite VNG>: 0.15...0.50Vnom(/3) Operate delay: 0.05...1.60s IN,p>: 0.10...0.50 Inom Buffer time: 0...1200s/Blocked Limit value monitoring (LIMIT): Enabled USER: No/Yes I>:/I>>:/I<:/I<<: 0.10...2.40 Inom/Blocked tI>: /tI>>:/tI<:/tI<<: 1...1000s/Blocked with U = ULE: U>:/U>>:/U<:/U<<: 0.10...2.50 Unom/3/Blocked tU>:/tU>>:/tU<:/tU<<: 1...1000s/Blocked with U = ULE: U>:/U>>:/U<:/U<<: 0.10...1.50 Unom/Blocked tU>:/tU>>:/tU<:/tU<<: 1...1000s/Blocked with U = UNE: U>:/U>>: 0.010...1.000 Unom/Blocked tU>: /tU>>: 1...1000s/Blocked with I = ldcIin: I>:/I>>:/I<:/I<<: 0.100...1.100 Ignom tI>: /tI>>:/tI<:/tI<<: 0.00...20.00s/Blocked T>:/T>>:/T<:/T<<: 20...200 C tT>:/tT>>:/tT<:/tT<<: 1...1000s/Blocked Logic (LOGIC): Enabled USER: No/Yes valid for y = 1 ... 8 Set 1 USER: No/Yes valid for y = = 1 ... 32 Fct.assignm. outp. y: see selection table Op. mode t output y: Without timer stage Oper./releas.delay Oper.del./puls.dur. Op./rel.delay,retrig Op.del./puls.dur.,rt Minimum time

Time t1 output y: 0.00...600.00s Time t2 output y: 0.00...600.00s Sig.assig. outp. y: see selection table Sig.assig.outp. y(t): see selection table

Parameter subset
(valid for parameter subsets x = 1 to 4) Distance protection (DIST): I>> PSx: 0.10...20.00 Inom I> (Ibl) high r. PSx: 0.10...1.00 Inom I> (Ibl) sens. r.PSx: 0.05...1.00 Inom Operat. mode V< PSx: W/o V< starting With V< start. PG With V< start.PG,PP V< PSx: 0.10...0.90Vnom(/3) Operat. mode Z< PSx: W/o Z< starting With Z< starting P-G With Z< start.PG,PP Xfw PSx:/Rfw,PG PSx:/Rfw,PP PSx:/ Zfw,PG PSx:/Zfw,PP PSx: 0.1...300.0 at Inom = 1.0A 0.02...60.00 at Inom = 5.0A Zbw/Zfw PSx: 0.10...4.00 Z evaluation PSx: ZPG=VPG/(IP + kG*IN) /ZPG=VPG/2*IP IN> high range PSx: 0.10...2.00 Inom IN> sens. range PSx: 0.05...2.00 Inom tIN> PSx: 0.000...0.500s VNG> PSx: 0.02...1.00Vnom VNG>> PSx: 0.20...1.00Vnom tVNG>> PSx: 0.000...60.000s Characteristic PSx: Circle/Polygon valid for y = 1 to 6: Xy (polygon) PSx: Ry,PG (polygon) PSx: Ry,PP (polygon) PSx: 0.10...200.00 at Inom = 1.0A 0.02...40.00 at Inom = 5.0A y (polygon) PSx: 40...90 y (polygon) PSx: 20...20 Zy (circle) PSx: 0.05...200.00 at Inom = 1.0A 0.01...40.00 at Inom = 5.0A y (circle) PSx: 10...90 Arc comp. circle PSx: No/Yes valid for y = 1 to 7: Direction Ny PSx: Forward /Backward/Non-directional Oper.val.Vmemory PSx: 0.01...1.00Vnom valid for y = 1 to 8: ty PSx: 0.00...10.00s/Blocked kze,PG HSR PSx: 1.00... 450.00 kze,PP HSR PSx: 1.00...450.00 kze,PG TDR PSx: 1.00...450.00 kze,PP TDR PSx: 1.00...450.00 t1,ze PSx: 0.00...10.00s/Blocked Abs. value kG PSx: 0.00...8.00 Angle kG PSx: 180...180 (P435/P437 only): Op. mode zone 4 PSx: Normal 1p:Z1/t1(3p)3p:Z1/t4 Section cable - line Section line - cable Comp.bundle cond.eff 1p:Z1/t1, 3p:Z1/t4 (P435/P437 only): Trip zone 1 PG PSx: 1 pole/3 pole Trip zone 1 PP PSx: 1 pole leading phase 1 pole trailing phase 3 pole (P437 only): Meas. start. 1pG PSx: PG loops/none Meas. start. 2pG PSx: PG loops/PP loop Meas. start. 3pG PSx: PG loops/PP loops Backup overcurrent protection (BUOC): I> PSx: 0.50...8.00 Inom tI> PSx: 0.00...10.00s/Blocked IN> PSx: 0.10...2.00 Inom tIN> PSx: 0.00...10.00s/Blocked

Protective signaling (PSIG): Enable PSx: No/Yes Operating mode PSx: Without Dir.trans.trip.under PUTT Zone extension Release scheme Blocking scheme DC loop operat. mode Reverse interlocking Direction comparison Tripping time PSx: 0.00...10.00s/Blocked Release t. send PSx: 0.00...10.00s DC loop op. mode PSx: Transm.relay break c/Transm.relay make co Echo on receive PSx: Without On receive On receive & V< Op. delay echo PSx: 0.00...10.00s Pulse dur. echo PSx: 0.00...10.00s Trip signal V< PSx: No/Yes V< weak infeed PSx: 0.10...0.90Vnom(/3) tV< PSx: 0.00...10.00s/Blocked tBlock PSx: 0.00...10.00s Frequency monit. PSx: No/Yes (P437 only): No. telecom. ch. PSx: 1 channel/3 channels Op. mode send signal PSx direction dependent/distance dependent Op. mode trip signal PSx direction dependent/distance dependent Autoreclosing control (ARC): Enable PSx: No/Yes CB clos.pos.sig. PSx: Without/With Operating mode PSx: HSR/TDR permitted TDR only permitted Test HSR only permit Operative time 1 PSx: 0.00...10.00s Trip time HSR PSx: 0.00...10.00s/Blocked Dead time 3p PSx: 0.10...600.00s Zone ext. f. HSR PSx: No/Yes No. permit. TDR PSx: 0...9 Trip time TDR PSx: 0.00...10.00s/Blocked TDR dead time PSx: 0.10...600.00s Zone ext. f. TDR PSx: No/Yes Enable RRC PSx: No/Yes tRRC PSx: 0.10...2.00s V> RRC PSx: 0.40...0.90Vnom(/3) Reclaim time PSx: 1.00...600.00s Block. time int. PSx: 1...600s Block. time ext. PSx: 0...600s Zone ext.dur. RC PSx: Without/Following HSR/Always Parallel trip PSx: Without function Parall. bloc.w/o init Parall. bloc.w. init (P435/P437 only): Operative time 2 PSx: 0.00...10.00s HSR oper. mode PSx: 1 pole / 1/3 pole / 3 pole Trip time HSR PSx: 0.00...10.00s/Blocked Dead time 1p PSx: 0.10...600.00s Dead time max PSx: 0.10...600.00s (P437 only): Operating mode 2 PSx: Trip dependent/Start dependent TDiscrim PSx: 0.10...600.00s Automatic synchonism check (ASC): (P435/P437 only): Enable PSx: No/Yes Active for HSR PSx: No/Yes Active for TDR PSx: No/Yes Active for RRC PSx: No/Yes Clos.rej.w.block PSx: No/Yes Operative time PSx: 0.00...60.00s Operating mode PSx: Voltage checked

16

Sync. checked Volt./sync. checked Op.mode volt.chk.PSx: Vref but not V V but not Vref Not V and not Vref Not V or not Vref Vref & Z1 but not V V> volt.check PSx: 0.10...0.80Vnom(/3) V< volt. check PSx: 0.10Vnom(/3) tmin volt. check PSx: 0.00...10.00s Measurement loop PSx: Loop A-G/B-G/C-G/A-B/B-C/C-A V> sync. check PSx: 0.40...1.20Vnom(/3) Delta Vmax PSx: 0.02...0.40Vnom Delta fmax PSx: 0.01...1.00Hz Delta phi max PSx: 5...100 Phi offset PSx: 180...180 tmin sync. check PSx: 0.00...10.00s Ground fault (short circuit) protect. (GFSC): (P435/P437 only) Enable PSx: No/Yes Ground fault (short circuit) protection signaling (GSCSG): (P435/P437 only) Enable PSx: No/Yes Definite time overcurrent protection (DTOC): Enable PSx: No/Yes valid for y = > to >>>>: I y PSx: 0.10...20.00 Inom tI y PSx: 0.00...30.00s/Blocked Ineg y PSx: 0.10...20.00 Inom tIneg y: 0.00...30.00s/Blocked IN y: 0.10...20.00 Inom tIN y: 0.00...30.00s/Blocked Inverse time overcurrent protection (IDMT): Enable PSx: No/Yes valid for y = P or neg or N: Iref,y PSx: 0.01...4.00 Inom/Blocked Characteristic y PSx: Definite Time IEC Standard Inverse IEC Very Inverse IEC Extr. Inverse IEC Long Time Inv. IEEE Moderately Inv. IEEE Very Inverse IEEE Extremely Inv. ANSI Normally Inv. ANSI Short Time Inv. ANSI Long Time Inv. RI-Type Inverse RXIDG-Type Inverse Factor kt,y PSx: 0.05...10.00 Reset y PSx: Without delay/Delayed as per char. Direction y PSx: Forward directional Backward directional Non-directional Direct. meas. y PSx: Neq.sequ. Vneg, Ineg/Distance Zone4 Op. w/o volt. PSx: Non-directional/Blocked Over/undervoltage protection (V<>): Enable PSx: No/Yes Operating mode PSx: Delta/Star Evaluation VNG PSx: Calculated/Measured V> PSx: 0.20...1.50Vnom(/3)/Blocked V>> PSx: 0.20...1.50Vnom(/3)/Blocked tV> PSx: 0.00...100.00s/Blocked tV> 3 pole PSx: 0.00...100.00s/Blocked tV>> PSx: 0.00...100.00s/Blocked V< PSx: 0.20...1.50Vnom(/3)/Blocked V<< PSx: 0.20...1.50Vnom(/3)/Blocked tV< PSx: 0.00...100.00s/Blocked tV< 3 pole PSx: 0.00...100.00s/Blocked tV<< PSx: 0.00...100.00s/Blocked Vpos> PSx: 0.20...1.50Vnom/3/Blocked Vpos>> PSx: 0.20...1.50Vnom/3/Blocked tVpos> PSx: 0.00...100.00s/Blocked tVpos>> PSx: 0.00...100.00s/Blocked

Vpos< PSx: 0.20...1.50Vnom/3/Blocked Vpos<< PSx: 0.20...1.50Vnom/3/Blocked tVpos< PSx: 0.00...100.00s/Blocked tVpos<< PSx: 0.00...100.00s/Blocked Vneg> PSx: 0.20...1.50Vnom/3/Blocked Vneg>> PSx: 0.20...1.50Vnom/3/Blocked tVneg> PSx: 0.00...100.00s/Blocked tVneg>> PSx: 0.00...100.00s/Blocked VNG> PSx: 0.02...1.00Vnom(/3)/Blocked VNG>> PSx: 0.02...1.00Vnom(/3)/Blocked tVNG> PSx: 0.00...100.00s/Blocked tVNG>> PSx: 0.00...100.00s/Blocked tTransient PSx: 0.00...100.00s/Blocked Hyst. V<> meas. PSx: 1...10% Hyst. V<> deduc. PSx: 1...10% Over/underfrequency protection (f<>): Enable PSx: No/Yes valid for y = 1 ... 4 Oper. mode fy PSx: f f with df/dt f w. Delta f/Delta t fy PSx: 40.00...70.00Hz/Blocked tfy PSx: 0.00...10.00s/Blocked dfy/dt PSx: 0.1...10.0Hz/s/Blocked Delta fy PSx: 0.01...5.00Hz/Blocked Delta ty PSx: 0.04...3.00s Directional power protection (P<>): (P433/P435 only) Enabled PSx: No/Yes valid for y = > or >> or < or <<: Py high range PSx: 0.100...2.000 Snom/Blocked Py sens. range PSx: 0.010 Snom/Blocked Operate delay Py PSx: 0.00...100.00s/Blocked Release delay Py PSx: 0.00...100.00s Direction Py PSx: Forward directional Backward directional Non-directional Diseng. ratio Py PSx: 0.05 Qy high range PSx: 0.100...2.000 Snom/Block. Qy sens. range PSx: 0.010 Snom/Blocked Operate delay Qy PSx: 0.00...100.00s/Blocked Release delay Qy PSx: 0.00...100.00s Direction Qy PSx: Forward directional Backward directional Non-directional Diseng. ratio Qy PSx: 0.05

Voltage VPP,min prim: 0.0...2500.0kV Voltage A-B prim.: 0.0...2500.0kV Voltage B-C prim.: 0.0...2500.0kV Voltage C-A prim.: 0.0...2500.0kV Active power P prim.: 999.9...1000.0 MW Reac. power Q prim.: 999.9...1000.0 Mvar Act.energy outp.prim: 0.00...650.00 MWh Act.energy inp. prim: 0.00...650.00 MWh React.en. outp. prim: 0.00...650.00 Mvar h React. en. inp. prim: 0.00...650.00 Mvar h Current IP,max p.u.: 0.000...25.000 Inom IP,max p.u.,stored: 0.000...25.000 Inom Current IP,min p.u.: 0.000...25.000 Inom IP,max p.u.,delay: 0.000...25.000 Inom Current A p.u.: 0.000...25.000 Inom Current B p.u.: 0.000...25.000 Inom Current C p.u.: 0.000...25.000 Inom Current Ipos p.u.: 0.000...25.000 Inom Current Ineg p.u.: 0.000...25.000 Inom Current (IP) p.u.: 0.000...25.000 Inom Current IN p.u.: 0.000...25.000 IN,nom Voltage VPG,max p.u.: 0.000...25.000Vnom Voltage VPG,min p.u.: 0.000...25.000Vnom Voltage A-G p.u.: 0.000...25.000Vnom Voltage B-G p.u.: 0.000...25.000Vnom Voltage C-G p.u.: 0.000...25.000Vnom Voltage Vpos p.u.: 0.000...25.000Vnom Voltage Vneg p.u.: 0.000...25.000Vnom Volt. (VPG)/3 p.u.: 0.000...12.000Vnom Voltage VNG p.u.: 0.000...25.000 VNG,nom Voltage VPP,max p.u.: 0.000...25.000Vnom Voltage VPP,min p.u.: 0.000...25.000Vnom Voltage A-B p.u.: 0.000...25.000Vnom Voltage B-C p.u.: 0.000...25.000Vnom Voltage C-A p.u.: 0.000...25.000Vnom Active power P p.u.: 7.500...7.500 Snom Reac. power Q p.u.: 7.500...7.500 Snom Active power factor: 1.000...1.000 Load angle phi A: 180...180 Load angle phi B: 180...180 Load angle phi C: 180...180 Angle phi N: 180...180 Phase rel. IN vs IP: Equal phase/Reverse phase Current I unfilt.: 0.000...25.000 Inom (P435/P437 only): Voltage Vref prim.: 0.0...3000.0kV Voltage Vref p.u.: 0.000...3.000Vnom (P437 only): Current IN,par prim.: 0...25000A Current IN,par p.u.: 0.000...25.000 IN,nom Thermal overload protection (THERM): Therm. replica vers.: 0...250% Ground fault direction determination using steady state values (GFDSS): (P433/P435 only) Current IN,act p.u.: 0.000...30.000 IN,nom Current IN, reac. p.u.: 0.000 ... 30.000 IN,nom Curr. IN filt. p.u.: 0.000...20.00mA

Measured operating data

Measured data input (MEASI): Current Idc: 0.00...24.00mA Current Idc p.u.: 0.00...1.20 Idc,nom Curr. Idc, lin. p.u.: 0.00...1.20 Idc,nom Temperature: 40.0...215.0C Measured data output (MEASO): Current A-1: 0.00...20.00mA Current A-2: 0.00...20.00mA Main function (MAIN): Date: 01.01.1997...31.12.2096 dd.mm.yy Time: 00:00:00...23:59:59 hh:mm:ss Time switching: Standard time/Daylight saving time Frequency f: 40.00...70.00Hz Curr. IP,max prim.: 0...25000A IP,max prim.,delay: 0...25000A IP,max prim.,stored: 0...25000A Curr. IP,min prim.: 0...25000A Current A prim.: 0...25000A Current B prim.: 0...25000A Current C prim.: 0...25000A Current (IP) prim.: 0...25000A Current IN prim.: 0...25000A Volt. VPG,max prim.: 0.0...2500.0kV Volt. VPG,min prim.: 0.0...2500.0kV Voltage A-G prim.: 0.0...2500.0kV Voltage B-G prim.: 0.0...2500.0kV Voltage C-G prim.: 0.0...2500.0kV Volt. VPG)/3 prim.: 0.0...2500.0kV Voltage VNG prim.: 0.0...2500.0kV Volt. VPP,max prim.: 0.0...2500.0kV

17

Dimensions
Surface mounted case 40TE

213.4 242.6 260.2

147.5

177.5

184.5

257.1

Flush mounted case 40TE with panel cutout

177.5

213.4

227.9 253.6 203 155.4

5.0 181.3

Figure 6: Dimensional drawings for case 40TE 18

159

168

Surface mounted case 84TE

434.8 464 481.6

147.5

177.5

184.5

257.1

Flush mounted case 84TE with panel cutout

177.5

434.8

227.9 253.6 284.9 259.0 25.9

159 5.0 410.0 5.0

Figure 7: Dimensional drawings for case 84TE 19

168

Location and connections

P433 in case 84TE for ring terminal connection

01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

P433 in case 40TE for pin terminal connection

01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10

P A N

T
4J 4U

Y
4I

X
6I 8O

X
6I 8O

X
6O

V
4I 8O

P A N

T
4J 4U

X X Y V X
6I 6I 4I 4I 8O 8O 8O 6O

01

02

03

04

05

06

07

08

09

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

01

02

03

04

05

06

07

08

09

10

P435 in case 40TE for pin terminal connection

01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10

P A N

T
4J 4/5U

X X Y V X
6I 6I 4I 4I 8O 8O 8O 6O

01

02

03

04

05

06

07

08

09

10

P435 in case 84TE for ring terminal connection

01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

P435 in case 40TE for pin terminal connection

01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

P A N

T
4J 4/5U

Y
4I

X
6I 8O

X
6I 8O

X
6I 8O

X
6I 8O

X
6O

V
4I 8O

P A N

T
4J 4/5U

Y
4I

X
6I 8O

X
6I 8O

X
6I 8O

X
6I 8O

X
6O

V
4I 8O

01

02

03

04

05

06

07

08

09

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

01

02

03

04

05

06

07

08

09

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

P437 in case 84TE for ring terminal connection

01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

P437 in case 40TE for pin terminal connection

01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

P A

T
4J 4/5U

T
1J

Y
4I

X
6I 8O

X
6I 8O

X
6I 8O

X
6I 8O

X
6O

V
4I 8O

P A

T
4 4/5U J

T
1J

Y
4I

X
6I 8O

X
6I 8O

X
6I 8O

X
6I 8O

X
6O

V
4I 8O

01

02

03

04

05

06

07

08

09

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

01

02

03

04

05

06

07

08

09

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

Figure 8: Location diagrams 20

Transformer module
Ring X041 Pin X041 1 2 3 4 5 6

Type T
4J 4V

Transformer module
Ring X_1 Pin X_1 1 2 3 4 5 6

Type T
4J 4/5U

Transformer module
Ring X052 Pin X052 1 2

Type T
1J

Power supply module

Ring X_1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Pin X_1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 X_2 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Type V

Voltage measuring inputs U V W N N(e) E(n) T5 T6 T7 T90

Voltage measuring inputs T5 U T6 V T7 W N N(e) T90 E(n) Option: 1U 2U

Current measuring input 2IN T24

Output relays K_1

K_2

7 8

T15

K_3

X042 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Current measuring inputs T1 1IA 1IB 1IC 1IN T2 T3 T4

X_2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Current measuring inputs T11 1IA 1IB 1IC 1IN T12 T13

13 14 15 15 17

K_4 K_5 K_6 K_7 K_8

Signal inputs
18 9 X_3 19 20 21 22 23 24 1 2 3 4 5 6

T14

Vin

U_1

Vin Vin Vin

U_2 U_3 U_4

25 26 27

7 8 9

Power supply VAux U100

Communication module Per order

Type A

Binary module
Ring X_1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Pin X_1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 X_2 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 11 12 13 14 15 15 17

Type X
6I 8O

Binary module
Ring X_1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Pin X_1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Type X
6O

Analogue module
Ring Pin X_1 1 2 3 4 5 6
0..20 mA valid

Type Y
4I

COMM1 optical fibre link

X7 1 X8 1

Output relays K_1

Output relays K_1

X_1 1 2 3 4 5 6

Meas. outputs K_1

X//Y U17 X//Y U18 or wire link

K_2

K_3

K_2
7 8 9 7 8 9 X_2 10 11 12 1 2 3

X9 1 2 3 4 5

X//Y D2[R] U19 D1[T] RS 485

valid

11 12 13 14 15 15 17 18

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

K_8

K_3

0..20 mA

COMM2 wire link only

(in preparation) X10 1 2 3 4 5

Signal inputs
18 9 X_3 19 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Signal and meas. inputs

13 14 4 5 6 7 8 9 X_3 19 1 2 3 4 5 6
PT100 0..20 mA

Vin

X//Y D2[R] U20 D1[T] RS 485 IRIG-B

time synchronisation
20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27

U_1
X_3 19 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Vin Vin Vin Vin

15 15

Vin Vin Vin Vin Vin

U_2 U_3 U_4 U_5 U_6

20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27

K_4

17 18

K_5

20 21 22 23 24

U21

_ is used as a wildcard for the location according to Figure 8.

Figure 9: Terminal connection diagrams of modules 21

X11

K_6

# #

K_4 K_5 K_6 K_7

X_2 10 1

U_8 K_2

U_9

U_1 U_2 U_3 U_4

U_5 U_6

Connection examples
A B C

A1 A2 B1 B2 C1 C2 N1 N2

X042:

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

U V W N N(e) E(n)

I>

I>

I>

X041: 1 2 3 4 5 6

P433 (Detail)

I>

Dashed lines: recommended for GFDSS only (GFDSS: ground fault direction determination using steady-state values)

Figure 10: Connection example P433 (application in MV system with isolated/compensated neutral)

A B C

1IA 1IB 1IC 1IN

X032: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Protection device

2IN

X052: 1 2

U V W N N(e) E(n) 1U 2U

I>

I>

I>

X031: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

P437 (Detail)

Figure 11: Connection example P437 (application in HV system with double circuit line)

Note:

When using P1 - P2 and S1 - S2 identifications for the terminal polarity of CTs, the dot shown identifies the P1 and S1 terminals
22

Ordering information
Variants Order No. Distance Protection P433 Basic device 40TE, pin terminal connection Basic device 84TE, ring terminal connection Basic complement 4 binary inputs and 8 output relays Distance Protection P435 Basic device 40TE, pin terminal connection Basic device 84TE, pin terminal connection Basic device 84TE, ring terminal connection Basic complement 4 binary inputs and 8 output relays Distance Protection P437 Basic device 84TE, pin terminal connection Basic device 84TE, ring terminal connection Basic complement 4 binary inputs and 8 output relays Case design: Surface mounted, local control panel with text display Flush mounted, local control panel with text display Voltage-measuring inputs 4 pole 5 pole Additional options: Without With 1 binary module (6 binary inputs/8 output relays) With 2 binary modules (12 binary inputs/16 output relays) With 3 binary modules (18 binary inputs/24 output relays) With 4 binary modules (24 binary inputs/32 output relays) 4 5 P4333 8 9 0 4 -401 -402

P4353 7 8

0 -401 -402 -403

P4377 8

0 -401 -402

3 4

[P435/P437/84TE only] [P435/P437/84TE only]

0 1 2 3 4

Power supply and additional option: VA,nom = 24V dc VA,nom = 48 to 250V dc/100 to 230V ac VA,nom = 24V dc and binary module (6 output relays) VA,nom = 48 to 250V dc/100 to 230V ac and binary module (6 output relays) Additional options: Without With transient ground fault direction determination module With analogue module With transient ground fault direction determination and analogue module Interfaces: With communication interface protocol: IEC 60870-5-103 With communication interface only IRIG-B input for clock synchronisation protocol can be switched between: IEC 60870-5-101/-103, MODBUS, DNP 3.0 and IRIG-B input for clock synchronisation for connection to wire, RS485, isolated for connection to plastic fibre, FSMA connector for connection to glass fibre, ST connector Language: English (German) German (English) French (English) Spanish (English)

3 4 8 9

[P433/P435 only] [P433/P435 only]

0 1 2 3

-451

-456

9 0 2 0

1 2 4

(without order ext. no.) -801 -802 -803

23

TRANSMISSION & DISTRIBUTION Protection & Control, 60 Route de Sartrouville, BP58, 78230 Le Pecq Cedex, France Tel: +33 (0) 134 80 79 00 Fax: +33 (0) 134 80 79 13 Email: protection.control@tde.alstom.com Internet: www.tde.alstom.com
2001 ALSTOM. ALSTOM, the ALSTOM logo and any alternative version thereof are trademarks and service marks of ALSTOM. MiCOM is a registered trademark of ALSTOM. Other names mentioned, registered or not, are the property of their respective companies. Our policy is one of continuous development. Accordingly the design of our products may change at any time. Whilst every effort is made to produce up to date literature, this brochure should only be regarded as a guide and is intended for information purposes only. Its contents do not constitute an offer for sale or advice on the application of any product referred to in it. We cannot be held responsible for any reliance on any decisions taken on its contents without specific advice.

P43*/EN BR/Ab

Electronic file updated only (colours changed)