OUTLINE IN PERSONS AND FAMILY RELATIONS 1ST SEMESTER, SY 2010-2011 ------------------Note: All article references are to the Family

Code unless a Civil Code article reference (NCC) is indicated.

I.

INTRODUCTION 1 Tolentino, Civil Code, pp. 1-10 (1990 edition)

II.

EFFECT AND APPLICATION OF LAWS

Articles 1-13, pp. 1-52 of Tolentino NCC1-18 A. When Law Takes Effect NCC2 Revised Administrative Code (RAC) Secs. 18-24 [1987] Exec. Order 200, Sec. 2 Pesigan v. Angeles 129 SCRA: 174 Taada v. Tuvera 136 SCRA 27 Farinas vs. the Executive Secretary, 417 SCRA 503 MRCA v. Court of Appeals 180 SCRA 344 National Electrification Administration vs. Gonzaga, G.R. No. 158761, December 4, 2007 Garcilliano vs. House of Representatives, G.R. No., 170338, Dec. 23, 2008 Fuentes v. Roca, GR NO. 178902, April 21, 2010 B. Ignorance of the Law NCC3 KASILAG VS. RODRIGUEZ, 69 PHIL 217 Elegado v. Court of Appeals, 173 SCRA 285 Manzano vs. Sanchez, A.M. No. MTJ-00-1339, Mar. 8, 2001
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C. Retroactivity of laws NCC 4, cf. NCC 2252 2269 Revised Penal Code (RPC) 22 Family Code (FC) 256 Frivaldo vs. Comelec, G.R. No. 120295, June 28, 1996 Gregorio vs. CA, G.R. No. L-22802, Nov. 29, 1968 Aruego vs CA, 254 SCRA 711 Cang vs CA, 296 SCRA 128 Francisco v. CA, 299 SCRA 188

D. Mandatory or Prohibitory Laws NCC Art. 5 with NCC Art. 17 (3)

E. Waiver of rights NCC 6 NCC 2035 PEFTOK Integrated Services vs. NLRC, G.R. No. 124841. July 31, 1998 Valderama vs. Macaide, 470 SCRA 168 DM Consunji vs. CA, G.R. No. 137873, April 20, 2001

F. Repeal of Laws NCC7 cf. 1987 Constitution, Art. XVIII Sec. 3

Mecano vs. COA, G.R. No. 103982, Dec. 11, 1992 Solangon vs. Salazar, G.R. No. 125944, June 29, 2001 Thornton vs. Thornton, Aug. 16, 2004 Lledo v. Lledo, AM No. P-95-1167, February 9, 2010

G. Judicial Decisions NCC8 De Roy vs. CA, 157 SCRA 757 Pesca vs. Pesca, G.R. No. 136921. April 17, 2001 De Castro vs. JBC, GR No. 191002, April 20, 2010

H. Duty to render judgment NCC9 RPC5

I. Presumption and Applicability of Custom NCC 10-12 cf. 1987 Constitution, Art. XII Sec. 5 Rules of Court Rule 129 (2), (3) Martinez v. Van Buskirk 18 Phil. 79 Alonzo vs. Padua, 150 SCRA 379

J. Legal Periods NCC13 cf. Rules of Court (ROC) Rule 22 RAC Sec. 31

Armigos v. CA 179 SCRA 1 Namarco v. Tecson 29 SCRA 70 Go v. Dizon 214 SCRA 41 [See Concurring Opinion, J. Regalado] Quiqui v. Boncaros, 151 SCRA 416

K. Applicability of Penal Laws NCC 14 Rayray vs. Chae Kyung Lee, GR No. 18176, October 26, 1966

L. Binding Effect NCC15 cf. FC 26 par.2 Barreto v. Gonzales 58 Phil 67 Tenchavez v. Escao 15 SCRA 355 Board of Commissioners vs. de la Rama, 197 SCRA 853

NCC 16 NCC17

German vs. Donaldson, 1 Phil 63

NCC 18 Tomawis v. Balindong, GR No. 182434, March 5, 2010

III.

Human Relations NCC 19-22 People v. Ritter 194 SCRA 690 De Tavera vs. Philippine Tuberculosis Society, 112 SCRA 243 Llorente vs. Sandiganbayan, 202 SCRA 309 Carpio vs. Valmonte, G.R. No. 151866, Sept. 9, 2004 Nikko Hotel Manila Garden vs Reyes, G R No 154259 Feb 28, 2005 Pacis v. Morales, GR No. 169467, February 25, 2010

IV.

PERSONS & PERSONALITY A. The concept of a person and personality NCC37-39 Classes of persons and their distinctions Elements of civil capacity Juridical capacity v. personality Juridical capacity v. capacity to act

B. Commencement and termination of personality 1. Natural Persons (a) Birth

NCC 40 - 41 1987 Constitution, Art II Sec 12 P D 603 [Child and Youth Welfare Code], Art 5 FC 164 RPC Arts. 256 - 259 Roe vs. Wade, 410 US 113,93 S. Ct. 705, 35 L.ed. 2d 147 Geluz v. CA 2 SCRA 801 Quimiging v. Icao 34 SCRA 134 De Jesus v. Syquia 58 Phil 866 Continental Steel vs. Montano, GR 182836, October 13, 2009 Ang Ladlad vs. COMELEC, GR 190582, April 8, 2010

(b) Death NCC 42 Limjoco v Intestate Estate of Pio Fragante 80 Phil 776 Dumlao v. Quality Plastics 70 SCRA 472 Eugenio v. Velez 185 SCRA 425 Marcos v. Manglapus, G.R. No. 88211. Oct. 27, 1989
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NCC 43 ROC Rule 131 Sec. 3 (jj) - (kk) (1989 Rev. Rules on Evidence) Joaquin v. Navarro 93 Phil 257

2. Juridical Persons NCC 44-47 Batas Pambansa Blg. 68 (Corp. Code), Secs. 2, 4, 17 NCC 1767-1768

Barlin v. Ramirez 7 Phil 41 Camid vs. Office of the President, G.R. No. 161414. Jan. 17, 2005 Juasing vs. Hardware, July 30, 1982

C. Restrictions on Civil Capacity 1. Presumption of Capacity Catalan vs. Basa, G.R. No. 159567, July 31, 2007

2. Restrictions on capacity to act NCC 38 39, cf. NCC 1327 (a) Minority 1. Age of Majority, R.A. 6809 2. A.M. No. 03-02-05-SC Rules on Guardianship 3. Suffrage, Sec. 1 Art. V 1987 Constitution [cf. Sangguniang Kabataan] Ang Ladlad vs. COMELEC, GR 190582, April 8, 2010 4. Marriage, FC 5; cf. RA 6809 5. Contracts
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NCC 1327 NCC 1390 (par. 1) NCC 1403 (par. 3) NCC 1397 NCC 1399 NCC 1489 NCC 1426 - 1427

Mercado v. Espiritu 37 Phil 215 Bambalan v. Maramba 51 Phil 417 Suan Chian v. Alcantara 85 Phil 669 Braganza v. Villa-Abrille 105 Phil 456 6. Criminal Liability RPC 12 (2)-(3); RPC13 (2); PD 603 Sees. 189 204 Also see: Rule 3, Section 5 1997 Rules of Civil Procedure (b) Insanity 1. Marriage, FC 45 (2) 2. Contracts, NCC 1327, 1328 3. Criminal liability, RPC 12(1) Rule 101, Rules of Court

US v. Vaguilar, 27 Phil 88 People v. Rafanan 204 SCRA 65 Standard Oil v. Arenas, GR No. L-5921, July 25, 1911 Hernandez vs. Santos, GR No. 169217, August 7, 2009

(c) Deaf-Mutism, NCC 1327 (2), 807 & 820 (d) Prodigality, ROC Rule 92 Sec. 2 (e) Civil Interdiction RPC 31, 41 (f) Family Relations
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FC 150-151; cf. FC 87 NCC 1490 NCC 2035 cf. NCC 963-967 (g) Alienage, cf. Art IV, Secs. 1-5, 1987 Constitution Cordora vs. COMELEC, February 19, 2009 (h) Absence NCC381396 (i) Insolvency and Trusteeship NCC 1381, 1491, 2236

Villanueva vs. CA, GR No 114870, May26, 1995 (j) Gender

Art. II, Sec. 14, 1987 Constitution; cf. NCC 403 See also: Rule 3 Section 4, 1997 Rules Of Civil Procedure Ang Ladlad vs. COMELEC, GR 190582, April 8, 2010

D. Domicile and residence of persons 1. Juridical persons, NCC 51 2. Natural persons NCC 5O FC 68-69, cf. NCC 110 cf. FC 55, 101, 149, 152, 101

Romualdez-Marcos vs COMELEC, 248 SCRA 300

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V. INTRODUCTION TO THE FAMILY CODE Tolentino, Persons and Family Relations in the Civil Code Osmena vs. Osmena, GR No. 171911, January 26, 2010

A. Effect and Retroactivity E.O. 29, as amended by E.O. 227, R.A. 8609, R.A. 7160 FC 255, cf. FC 36 in rel. to 39, FC 105, FC 162, FC 257

Lupo Atienza v. Judge Brilliantes, 243 SCRA 32 Bernabe vs. Alejo, 374 SCRA 180 Fuentes v. Roca, GR NO. 178902, April 21, 2010

B. Repeal / Amendment FC 254, 255

VI. MARRIAGE & PERSONAL RELATIONS BETWEEN SPOUSES A. The concept of marriage FC 1 cf. NCC 52, FC 149 Art II Sec. 12, 1987 Constitution Art. XV Sec. 2, 1987 Constitution Estrada vs. Escritor, AM No. P-02-1651. August 4, 2003

B. Nature of marriage in Philippine law FC 1 cf. Rule 131 Sec. 3, 1989 Rules on Evidence NCC 220 Muslim Code, (P.D. 1083) Sec. 14

Goitia vs Campos-Rueda, 35 Phil 252

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Sermonia v. CA 233 SCRA 155 Perido v. Perido 63 SCRA 97 People v. Malabago G.R. No. 115686, Dec. 2, 1996 Go vs. Court of Appeals 272 SCRA 752 Trinidad vs CA, G.R. No. 118904 April 20, 1998 De Jacob vs. CA, 312 SCRA 772 Silverio vs Republic, October 22, 2007 People v. de la Cruz, GR No. 187683, February 11, 2010 Amores vs. CSC, GR No.170093, April 29, 2009 People vs. Poras, GR No. 177747, February 16, 2010

C. Agreements prior to marriage

1. Stipulations prior to marriage

FC l cf. NCC 221 Panganiban v. Borromeo 58 Phil 367 In re Santiago 70 Phil 66 Selanova v. Mendoza 64 SCRA 69 Lichauco-de Leon v. CA 186 SCRA 345

2. Breach of Promise to Marry NCC 19 - 21 NCC 2176 NCC 1403 2(c) Muslim Code (MC) 22

Domalagan v. Bolifer 33 Phil 471 Cabague v. Auxilio, 92 Phil 294 Hermosisima v. CA 109 Phil 629 Wassmer v. Velez 12 SCRA 648 Tanjanco v. CA 18 SCRA 994 Baksh v. CA, 219 SCRA 115
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D. Requisites for a valid marriage 1 Tolentino 222 269 Mariategui v. CA 205 SCRA 337

1. Kinds of requisites & effects of non-compliance FC 2-3 FC 5 FC 45 cf. NCC 53 RPC 350-351

De Mijares vs Villaluz, 274 SCRA 1 Mallion vs Alcantara, 506 SCRA 336 Egap Madsali, Sajiron Lajim and Maron Lajim v. People of the Philippines, GR No. 179570, February 4, 2010

2. Essential Requisites (a) Legal Capacity (i) Gender, FC 2 (1) cf. FC 148 Silverio vs Republic, October 22, 2007 (ii) Age FC 5 FC 35 (1) R.A. 6809 cf. FC 21 NCC 54, 80 (1) RPC 344 cf. DOJ Opinion 145 S.1991 (Oct. 1991) (iii) Absence of impediment, FC 5

Garcia vs. Recio, 366 SCRA 437 Te vs. Choa, G.R. No. 126446, Nov. 29, 2000, 346 SCRA 327
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3. Parental Consent FC 14 FC 45 cf. NCC 61 & 95 (1) 4. Consent freely given by both spouses (a) Mistake as to identity FC 35 (5); NCC 86 (1) (b) Effect of insanity FC 45 (2) (c) Effect of fraud FC 45(3) FC 46 NCC 1338 - 1344 Anaya vs Palaroan, Nov. 26, 1970 (d) Effect of force, intimidation and undue influence FC 45 (4) NCC 1335 - 1337 Villanueva vs. CA, 505 SCRA 564

(e) Effect of physical incapacity / impotence FC 45 (5) Jimenez v. Canizares 109 Phil 27 Alcazar v. Alcazar, GR No. 174451, October 13, 2009 (f) Effect of affliction with STD FC 45 (6)

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5. Formal Requisites (a) Marriage License Republic v. CA, 236 SCRA 257 Cosca v. Palaypayan, 237 SCRA 249 Sy vs. CA, G.R. No. 127263, April 12, 2000 Alcantara vs. Alcantara, G.R. No. 167746, Aug. 28, 2007 De Castro vs. De Castro, GR No. 160172, February 13, 2008 Republic vs. Dayot, GR No. 175581, March 28, 2008 1. Where to apply FC 9-10 2. Requirements for issuance a. Application FC 11 b. Proof of capacity FC 12-14; FC 21 cf. NCC 84 Sevilla vs. Cardenas, 497 SCRA 429 cf. DOJ Opinion 50 S. 1991 (April 30, 1991) DOJ Opinion 146 S. 1991 (Oct. 17, 1991) c. Parental advice FC 15 d. Marriage counseling FC 16 e. Publication FC 17 f. Investigation of impediments FC 18 g. Payment of fees FC 19 h. Family planning certificate PD 965 3. Place where valid FC 20 4. Period of Validity FC 20 5. Duties of the Civil Registrar FC 24-25 Alcantara vs Alcantara, GR No. 167746, Aug. 28, 2007
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6. Marriages exempt from license requirement FC 27-34, cf. NCC 76 P.D. 1083 Leda v. Tabang, 206 SCRA 395 Ninal vs. Bayadog, GR No. 133778, March 14, 2000 Manzano vs. Judge Sanchez, A.M. No. MTJ-00-1329, March 8, 2001 De Castro vs. De Castro, G.R. 160172, February 13, 2008 Republic vs. Dayot, G.R. No. 175581, March 28, 2008

(b) Authority of the solemnizing officer 1. Who are authorized FC 7, 10, 31, 32 NCC 56, 74, 76 R.A. 7160 (1991 Local Government Code), Secs. 444(b)(1)(xviii), 445 (b)(1)(xviii) Aranes vs Occiano, 380 SCRA 402 Navarro v. Domagtoy, S.C. A.M. MTJ-96-1088, July 19, 1996 2. How authorized FC 7 (2) cf. NCC 92-96 Villar v. Paraiso 96 Phil 659

3. Effect of absence of authority FC 4 FC 35 (2) RPC 352 cf. Tenchavez v. Escao, 15 SCRA 355 at page 360

4. Duties of the solemnizing officer FC23-24

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5. Effect of irregularity FC4 (c) Marriage Ceremony 1. Form of ceremony FC 3(3) FC 6 cf. FC 33 FC 8 Martinez v. Tan 12 Phil 731 Egap Madsali, Sajiron Lajim and Maron Lajim v. People of the Philippines, GR No. 179570, February 4, 2010 2. Place for Ceremony FC 8; FC 28-29; FC 32-33 3. Issuance of Marriage Certificate FC 6; FC 22 Madridejo v. De Leon 55 Phil 1 People v. Borromeo 133 SCRA 106 E. Law governing validity of marriages abroad 1 Tolentino 260 263 1. General rule in contracts (a) As to form, NCC 17 (b) As to substantive requirements, NCC 15 & 17 2. Special rule in marriage (a) Lex loci celebrationis FC 26; FC 21, FC 10 Yao Kee v Sy-Gonzales, 167 SCRA 786 Republic vs. Orbecido III, G.R. No. 154380, October 5, 2005 Dacasin vs. Dacasin, GR No. 168785, February 5, 2010
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(b) Exceptions

FC 26 in relation to FC 35(1), 35(4), 35(5), 36, 37 & 38 cf. NCC 71 DOJ Opinion No. 11 S. 1990 (Jan. 17, 1990) F. Common-law marriages / live-in relationships FC 147, cf. RPC 350 Rule 131 Sec. 3, 1989 Rules on Evidence cf. NCC 220 FC 26 par. I NCC Book II, Title III (484-501)

Lesaca v. Lesaca, 91 Phil 135 Yaptinchay v. Torres, 28 SCRA 489 Eugenio v. Velez, GR No. 85140, May 17, 1990 Estrada vs. Escritor, AM No. P-02-1651, Aug. 4, 2003

G. Void Marriages 1 Tolentino 270 310 General rule, FC 4 1. Kinds of void marriages (a) Absence of requisites cf. VII (D) of Outline FC 35 cf. FC 234 RA 6809 Alcantara v. Mallion, GR No. 1677446, August 18, 2007 So vs. Valera, GR No. 150677, June 5, 2009
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(b) Bigamous and polygamous marriages FC 35 (4), 39, 40, 41, 44 RPC 344, 349 Apiag vs. Cantero SC A.M. MTJ-95-1070, Feb. 12, 1997 Mercado vs. Tan, 337 SCRA 122 Ty vs. CA, G.R. No.127406, Nov. 27, 2000 Morigo vs Morigo, 422 SCRA Tenebro vs. CA, G.R. No. 150758. February 18, 2004 (read concurring of Justice Vitug) Mallion vs Alcantara, 506 SCRA 336 Abunado vs. Republic, GR No. 159218, March 30, 2004 Jarillo vs. People, GR No. 164435, September 29, 2009 Puse vs. Puse, GR No. 183678, March 15, 2010

(c) Subsequent marriage, upon reappearance of absent spouse FC 41 in relation to FC 42-44 NCC 390-391, FC 55 (9), FC 101 Jones v. Hortiguela 64 Phil 179 Republic vs. Nolasco, 220 SCRA 20, March 17, 1993 Bienvenido vs. Court of Appeals, 237 SCRA 676, October 24, 1994 Armas vs Calisterio, 330 SCRA 201, April 6, 2000 Republic vs. Bermudez - Lorino, 449 SCRA 57, January 19, 2005 Republic vs. Court of Appeals, 458 SCRA 200, May 6, 2005 Manuel vs. People, 476 SCRA 461, November 26, 2005 Republic vs. Court of Appeals, 477 SCRA 277, December 9, 2005 Republic vs. Tango, July 31, 2009

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(d) Bad faith of both spouses, under FC 44 (e) Psychological incapacity under FC 36 FC 36 FC 39 FC 68-73 R.A. 8533 Lim v. CA 214 SCRA 237 Salita v. Magtolis, 233 SCRA 100 Krohn v. CA, 233 SCRA 146 Santos v. CA 240 SCRA 20 Chi Ming Tsoi v. CA G.R. No. 119190, Jan. 16, 1997 Republic v. Olaviano Molina 268 SCRA 198 (1997) Hernandez vs. Court of Appeals, 320 SCRA 76, December 08, 1999 Marcos vs. Marcos, 343 SCRA 755, October 19, 2000 Republic vs. Dagdag, 351 SCRA 425, February 9, 2001 Malcampo-Sin vs. Sin, 355 SCRA 285, March 26, 2001 Antonio vs.Reyes, G.R. No. 155800, Mar. 10,2005 Ferraris vs. Ferraris, G.R. No, 162368, July 17, 2006 Mallion vs.Alcantara, G.R. No.141528, Oct.31, 2006 Paras vs. Paras, G.R. No. 147824, Aug. 2, 2007 Santos vs. Court of Appeals, 240 SCRA 20, January 4, 1995 Chi Ming Tsoi vs. Court of Appeals, 266 SCRA 324, January 16, 1997 Republic vs. Court of Appeals, 268 SCRA 198, February 13, 1997 Pesca vs. Pesca, 356 SCRA 588, April 17, 2001 Choa vs. Choa, 392 SCRA 641, November 26, 2002 Barcelona vs. Court of Appeals, 412 SCRA 41, September 24, 2003 Dedel vs. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 151867, 421 SCRA 461, Jan. 29, 2004 Rep. vs. Quintero -Hamano, G.R. No. 149498, 428 SCRA 735, May 20, 2004 Siayngco vs. Siayngco, 441 SCRA 422, October 27, 2004 Antonio vs. Reyes, 484 SCRA 353, March 10, 2005 Republic vs. Iyoy, 470 SCRA 508, September 21, 2005 Yu vs. Yu, 484 SCRA 485, March 10, 2006 Ferraris v. Ferraris, GR No. 162368, July 17, 2006 Mallion vs. Alcantara, GR No. 141528, Oct. 31, 2006 Catalan vs. Court of Appeals, 514 SCRA 607, February 6, 2007 Republic vs. Tanyag-San Jose, 517 SCRA 123, February 6,2007 Zamora vs. Court of Appeals, February 7, 2007 Navarro vs. Navarro, GR No. 162049, April 13, 2007 Republic vs. Cabantug-Baguio, June 30, 2008
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Almelor vs. RTC-Las Pinas, GR No. 179620, Aug. 26, 2008 Laurena vs. CA, GR No. 15920, Sept. 22, 2008 Te vs. Te, GR No. 161793, Feb. 13, 2009 Ting vs. Ting, GR No. 166562, March 31, 2009 Azcueta vs. RP, GR No. 180668, May 26, 2009 So vs. Valera, GR No. 150677, June 5, 2009 Halili vs. Halili, GR No. 165424, June 9, 2009 (Motion for Reconsideration) Najera vs. Najera, GR No. 164817, July 3, 2009 Rumbaua vs. Rumbaua, GR No. 166738, August 14, 2009 Aspillaga vs. Aspillaga, GR No. 170925, October 26, 2009 Lim vs. Lim, GR NO. 174464, Feb. 4, 2010 Paz v. Paz, GR No. 166579, Feb. 18, 2010 Suazo vs. Suazo, GR No. 164493, March 10, 2010 Ligeralde vs. Patalighud, GR NO. 168796, April 15, 2010

(f) Incestuous marriages FC 37 Cf. NCC 963-197 (g) Marriages against public policy FC 38, compare FC 38 (6) with NCC 80 (6) RPC 246 NCC 80 (7), 82 NCC 963-967 Reyes vs. Court of Appeals, GR No. 124099, Oct. 30, 1997 (h) Non-compliance under FC 53 2. Who can invoke nullity FC 36 FC 39 FC 40 Sec. 2, A.M. No. 02-11-10-SC. March 4, 2003 Ninal vs. Bayadog, GR No. 133778, March 14, 2000

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Enrico vs. Heirs of Sps. Medinaceli, G.R. No. 173614, September 28, 2007 Carlos v. Sandoval, GR No. 1799222, December 16, 2008

3. When to file action for declaration of nullity FC 39; FC 36 par. 2 in relation to FC 255; FC 42, par.2 FC 237 in rel. to R.A. 6809

4. Procedure in actions for declaration of nullity a. Requisite for valid remarriage see VII (E)(10)(b) above b. Safeguards against collusion, FC 48 Malcampo Sin vs. Sin, 355 SCRA 285 Ancheta vs. Ancheta, 424 SCRA 725 Salmingo vs. Rubica, A.C. No. 6573, July 9, 2007 c. No confession of judgment FC 48 cf. NCC 2035 A.M. No. 02-11-10-SC. March 4, 2003 Jocson v Robles 22 SCRA 521 Tolentino v Villanueva 56 SCRA 1 Salcedo-Ortanez v CA 235 SCRA 111 Pesca vs Pesca 356 SCRA 588 Carlos v. Sandoval, GR No. 1799222, December 16, 2008

5. Effects of pendency of action for declaration of nullity FC 49

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6. Effects of final judgment declaring nullity (a) In general FC 50-54 but see FC l47 - 148 (b) On remarriage FC 40 Wiegel vs. Sempio-Diy, 143 SCRA 499 Terre vs. Terre, 211 SCRA 6 Domingo vs. CA, 226 SCRA 572 Carino vs Carino, 351 SCRA 127 Bobis vs. Bobis, G.R. No. 138509, July 31, 2000 Mercado vs.Tan, G.R. No 137110, August 1, 2000 Ty vs CA, 346 SCRA 327 Morigo vs Morigo, 422 SCRA 376 Abunado vs. People, GR No. 159218, March 30, 2004 Jarillo vs. People, Sept. 29, 2009 Garrido vs. Garrido, AC 6593 (2010) Re: Complaint of Mrs. Corazon S. Salvador, AM No. 2008-20-SC, March 15, 2010

(c) On rights & obligations between the former spouses (d) On the property regime of the marriage FC 50 FC 43(2) cf. FC 102(4) Compare with FC 147-148 Valdes v. QC-RTC G.R. No. 122749, July 31, 1996 Sales vs. Sales, GR 17483, July 13, 2009 Buenaventura vs. CA, GR No. 127358, March 31, 2005 (e) On legitimes of the common children FC 50-53 FC 51 in rel. to NCC 886, 888 FC 176 NCC 908, 1061
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Sec. 21, A.M. No. 02-11-10-SC. March 4, 2003 Buenaventura vs. CA, GR No. 127358, March 31, 2005

(f) On the status and custody of children FC 54 FC 176 Dacasin vs. Dacasin, GR No. 168785, February 5, 2010 (note ABAD, J. separate opinion)

(g) On use of surnames Yasin vs. The Honorable Judge Sharia District Court, GR No. 94986, February 23, 1995 BAR MATTER NO. 1625 Petition to Use Maiden Name in Petition to Take the 2006 Bar Examinations, JOSEPHINE P. UY-TIMOSA

(h) On hereditary rights

(i) Effect of death Castro v. Castro, GR No. 140484, January 28, 2007

H. Voidable Marriages 1. Void vs. Voidable marriages FC 4 cf. FC 45 Wiegel vs. Sempio-Dy 143 SCRA 499 Terre vs. Terre 211 SCRA 6

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2. Grounds for annulment (a) Absence of parental consent FC 4(1), 47(1), RA 6809 cf. FC 14 (b) Insanity FC 45(2), 47(2), NCC 1149 Lim v. CA, 214 SCRA 237 (c) Fraud FC 45(3), 46, 47(3) NCC 1338-1344 Buccat v Buccat 72 Phil 49 Aquino v Delizo 108 Phil 21 Anaya v. Palaroan 36 SCRA 97 Macarrubo vs Macarrubo, 424 SCRA 42 Almelor vs. RTC of Las Pinas, G.R. No. 179620, August 26, 2008 (concealment of homosexuality is fraud)

(d) Force, intimidation and undue influence FC 45(4), 47(4) NCC 1335-1337 RPC 344, last paragraph

(e) Physical incapacity / impotence FC 45(5), 47(5) Jimenez v. Caizares 109 Phil 273 Alcazar vs. Alcazar, GR No. 174451, October 13, 2009

(f) Affliction with STD FC 45(6) compare with FC 46(3)

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3. Who can seek annulment FC 47 4. When to seek annulment FC47 Sec. 3 of A.M. No. 02-11-10-SC. March 4, 2003

5. Procedure in actions for annulment See Part VII (E) (13 ) (b)-(d) A.M. No. 02-11-10-SC. March 4, 2003 Barcelona vs. CA, G.R. 130087, Sept. 24, 2003

6. Effects of pendency of action for annulment A.M No. 02-11-12-SC. March 4, 2003

7. Effects of annulment FC 49-54 (a) In general Tuason vs. CA 256 SCRA 158 Chan-Tan vs. Chan, GR No. 167139, February 25, 2010 (b) On remarriage FC 40 (c) On rights & obligations between the former spouses (d) On the property regime of the marriage FC 50, FC 43(2) cf. FC 102(4) Compare with FC 147-148 Buenaventura vs. CA, GR No. 127358, March 31, 2005 (e) On presumptive legitimes / hereditary rights FC 50-53, FC 51 in rd to NCC 886, 888; FC 176 NCC 908, 1061 Buenaventura vs. CA, GR No. 127358, March 31, 2005
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(f) On the status and custody of children Dacasin vs. Dacasin, GR No. 168785, February 5, 2010

(g) On use of surnames

I. Marriage when one spouse is absent FC 41-44, compare with NCC 83, 85(2) and 87(2) cf. RPC 349 Jones v. Hortiguela, supra Lukban v. Republic 98 Phil 574 Gue v. Republic 107 Phil 381 SSS vs. Jarque vda. De Bailon, GR. No. 165545, March 24, 2006 Valdez vs. Republic, GR No. 180863, September 8, 2009

J. Marriages dissolved by a foreign judgment NCC 15, 17 FC26 Benedicto v. Dela Rama, December 8, 1903 Arca vs. Javier, July 31, 1954 Tenchavez v. Escano, 15 SCRA 355 Van Dorn v. Romillo, 139 SCRA 139 Somera v. Pilapil, 174 SCRA 663 Quita vs CA, 300 SCRA 406 Llorente vs CA, 345 SCRA 592 Garcia vs Recio, 366 SCRA 437 Diego vs Castillo, 436 SCRA 67 RP vs. Orbecido, G.R.No. 154380, Oct. 5,2005 San Luis vs. San Luis, G.R. 133743, Feb. 2, 2007 AMOR-CATALAN vs. CA, G.R. No. 167109, February 6,2007

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Bayot vs CA, G.R. No. 155635, Nov. 27, 2008 Dacasin vs. Dacasin, GR No. 168785, February 5, 2010

K. Marriages giving rise to criminal liability FC4 FC16 NCC 84 RPC 351-352 People vs. de Guzman, GR No. 185843, March 3, 2010 R.A. 6955, An Act to Declare Unlawful the Practice of Matching Filipino Women for Marriage to Foreign Nationals R.A. 9208, Anti-Trafficking in Persons Act of 2003

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VII. THE LAW ON SEPARATION OF THE SPOUSES

A. Concepts of separation and divorce Benedicto v. De la Rama 3 Phil 34

1. Separation in fact FC 238-248 Villanueva vs. Chiong, GR No. 159889, June 5, 2008

2. Agreements to separate NCC 221 (1) Albano v. Gapusan 71 SCRA 26. In re: Atty. Rufillo Bucana 72 SCRA 14

3. Absolute divorce (a) Divorce under the Family Code FC 26 paragraph 2 Tenchavez v. Escano, 15 SCRA 355 Van Dorn v. Romillo, 139 SCRA 139 Somera vs. Pilapil, 174 SCRA 663 Dacasin vs. Dacasin, GR No. 168785, February 5, 2010

(b) Divorce under the Muslim Code Muslim Code 45-55

B. Concept of legal separation Compare with NCC 97 1. Grounds for legal separation FC 55 A.M. No. 02-11-11-SC. March 4, 2003
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(a) sexual infidelity or perversion FC 55(8) RPC 333 & 334 RPC 247 Goitia v. Campos-Rueda 35 Phil 252 People vs. Zapata 88 Phil 688 Gandionco v. Peflaranda 155 SCRA 725 Ong vs Ong, 505 SCRA 76

(b) Drug addiction, habitual alcoholism, lesbianism or homosexuality FCC 55 compare with FC 46(4) (c) Attempt on the life of the other spouse FC 55(9), compare with NCC 97(2) (d) Abandonment FC 55(10) FC 101 par.3, compare with separation in fact (e) Other gounds

2. Who can ask for legal separation FC 55, compare with NCC 99

3. When may petition be filed FC 57, compare with NCC 102, NCC 99 Lapuz v. Eufemio 43 SCRA 177 Matubis v. Praxedes 109 Phil 789

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4. Court procedure in legal separation FC 58-60 Sec 19, RA 9262 A.M. No. 02-11-11-SC. March 4, 2003

Araneta vs Concepcion, 99 Phil 709 Ocampo v. Florenciano, 107 Phil 35 Lapuz vs. Eufemio, 43 SCRA 177 Samosa vs Vamenta, Jr., 46 SCRA 110 Pacete v. Cariaga 231 SCRA 321

5. Effect of pendency of the petition

(a) Cooling-off period FC58 (b) Right of consortium FC 61 par. 1 (c) Administration of property FC 61 par. 2 De la Vina v. Villareal 41 Phil 13 Sabalones v. CA 230 SCRA 79 (d) Support and Custody pendente lite FC 62 cf. FC 49 FC 198 Yangco v. Rhode, 1 Phil 404 De la Via v. Villareal, supra Araneta v. Concepcion 99 Phil 709 Ramos v. Vamenta 46 SCRA 110 Lerma v. CA 61 SCRA 440 Pacete v. Cariaga supra

29

6. Defenses in actions for legal separation FC 56 (a) Consent FC 56(2) NCC 100 Matubis v. Praxedes, supra People v. Sansano 50 Phil 73 People v. Schneckenberger 73 Phil 413 (b) Condonation FC 56(1) Ginez v. Bugayong 100 Phil 616 (c) Recrimination FC 56(4) Brown v. Yambao 102 Phil 168 Arroyo v. CA 203 SCRA 753 (d) Collusion / Mutual Consent FC60 FC 56(3), (5), compare with NCC 101 and 221(3) Brown v. Yambao 102 Phil 168 Ocampo v. Florenciano 107 Phil 35

7. Effects of decree of legal separation (a) On personal relations FC63 (b) On the Custody of children FC 63(3); FC 213 NCC 106(3) P.D. 603 (CYWC) Art. 17 par. 3 Matute v. Macadaeg 99 Phil 340, May 30, 1956
30

(c) On property relations FC 63(2) FC 64 FC 102 (4) (d) On support FC 198 (e) On the use of surname NCC 370-372 Laperal v. Republic 116 Phil 672 (f) On hereditary rights FC 63(4) (g) Solo Parents Act -- RA 8972

8. Reconciliation FC 65-67

9. Effect of death of one of the parties Lapuz vs. Eufemio 43 SCRA 314 Macadangdang vs. CA 108 SCRA 314

31

VIII. RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS OF SPOUSES 1 Tolentino 338 355 cf. NCC 113-114

A. Obligation to love each other FC68

B. Obligation to live with the other spouse 1. General rule and exceptions FC 68; FC 72 Art. 100, 127, 101 NCC 921(4) RPC 11(2) RPC 247 Atilano v. Chua Ching Beng 103 Phil 255 Goitia v. Campos-Rueda, supra Arroyo v. Vasques-Arroyo 42 Phil 54 Cuaderno v. Cuaderno 12 SCRA 505 Lacson v. Lacson 24 SCRA 837 Ilusorio vs. Bildner, G.R. No. 139789, May 12, 2000.

2. Designation of domicile (a) General rule: Jointly FC 69 par. 1 compare with NCC 110 Abella v. COMELEC, 201 SCRA 335 De la Vina v. Villareal, supra at pp. 16-21 (b) Exception FC 69 par. 2

C. Joint management of family life FC 70-71

32

D. Joint Obligation to Support FC 70 SSS vs. De los Santos, GR No. 164790, August 29, 2008

E. The right to exercise a profession or calling FC 73, compare with NCC 117 FC 94(3) FC 121(3) Art. II Sec. 14 and Art. XIII Sec. 14, 1987 Constitution cf. NCC 113 compare with ROC Rule 3 Sec. 4 cf. R.A. 7192, An Act Promoting the Integration of Women as Full & Equal Partners of Men in Development and Nation Building cf. R.A. 8187, An Act Granting Paternity Leave... RA 9710, Magna Carta for Women

F. Related rights / obligations Yasin v. Shariah Court 241 SCRA (1995)

G. Enforcement of Rights of Women and Children Republic Act No. 9262 Anti-Violence Against Women and Children SHARICA MART L. GO-TAN vs SPOUSES PERFECTO C. TAN and JUANITA L. TAN, G.R. No. 168852, September 30, 2008 Rustan Ang vs. CA, GR No. 182835, April 20, 2010

33

IX. PROPERTY RELATIONS OF THE SPOUSES A. Requisites for validity of marriage settlements FC 75; FC 130(3); FC 103(3) 1. Prior to marriage: modifications FC1 FC76 (modifications after marriage) FC 66, 67, 128, 135, 136 2. Form & registration requirement FC77 3. Celebration of the marriage FC81 cf. FC 86(1)

B. Parties to a marriage settlement 1. Who may enter into settlements (a) Minors --- FC78 (b) persons under civil interdiction --- FC 38, 39 (c) incapacitated persons --- FC 79 in rel. to NCC 38, 39 2. Participation of parents / guardians FC 78

C. Which law governs property relations 1. Stipulations in marriage settlements --- FC 80 2. If both Filipinos 3. Mixed marriage between Filipino and alien 4. If both aliens 5. For property located outside RP FC 80 (2) and (3) in rel. to NCC 16 FC (3) in rel. to NCC 17
34

D. Donations propter nuptias 1. Definition FC82 Solis vs Solis, 53 Phil 912 [1928] 2. Form of Donations FC 83, NCC 748-749 3. Who may be donors FC 83 4. What may be donated by a spouse as donor (a) Present property --- FC84 (b) Future property --- FC 84; NCC 761 (c) Encumbered property --- FC85 (d) Donations in the marriage settlements --- FC 81 5. Void donations by the spouses FC 87 (a) Donations during the marriage (b) Donations in common-law marriages Matabuena v. Cervantes 38 SCRA 284 Bienvenido v. Court of Appeals, 237 SCRA 676 Sumbad vs CA, 308 CRA 575 Arcaba vs. Tabancura vs. de Batocael, G.R. No.146683. Nov. 22, 2001 SSS vs. Davac, GR No. L-21642, July 30, 1966

6. Revocation of donations propter nuptias (a) Revocation by donor FC 86; NCC 765; FC 50; FC 43(3) Mateo vs Lagua, 29 SCRA 864 (b) By operation of law --- FC 48; 44; 61
35

E. Absolute community of property (ACP) 1. When applicable FC75; 103(3); 130(3) 2. Commencement --- FC88 3. Waiver during marriage --- FC89 4. Waiver after marriage FC 89 par. 2 cf. NCC 168 5. Suppletory rules: Co-ownership --- FC 90; cf. NCC 484-501 6. What constitutes ACP --- FC91 Memorize! (a) All property at time of marriage (b) Property acquired subsequently (c) Winnings from gambling --- FC as of NCC 164 (d) Presumption of ACP --- FC 93 cf. NCC 160 7. What is excluded from ACP FC 92; FC 95 8. Charges upon ACP --- FC 94 Luzon Surety Co., Inc. vs De Garcia, 30 SCRA 111 Gelano vs CA, 103 SCRA 90 G-Tractors, Inc., vs. CA, 135 SCRA 192 Sunga-Chan vs. CA, GR No. 164401, June 25, 2008 (a) Family expenses cf. FC 100 (3), FC 12 1(5) and FC 94(4) Francisco vs. Gonzales, GR No. 177667, Sep. 17, 2008 (b) Debts of spouses --- FC (2) and (3) (c) Subsidiary liabilities --- FC 94 (9)
36

Buado vs. CA, GR No. 145222, April 24, 2009 (d) Sole obligations of a spouse --- FC 94 (e) Gambling losses --- FC 95 (f) Other charges --- FC 94

9. Ownership FC 90, FC 96 in rel. to NCC 206 10. Administration and enjoyment of ACP (a) Joint administration FC 96; FC 90 Yu Bun Guan vs Ong, 36 SCRA 55, Oct. 18, 2001 (b) Sole administration (1) Incapacity --- FC 96(2) (2) Separation in fact --- FC 100(3) (3) FC 100(2) (4) Abandonment --- FC 101 (5) Pendency of legal separation proceeding --- FC 61 (c) Disposition and encumbrance FC 96 98 Matthews vs. Taylor, GR 164584, June 22, 2009 11. Effect of separation de facto FC 100 cf. FC 239 12. Effect of abandonment FC 101; 72 13. Causes for dissolution of ACP FC 99 (a) Death --- FC 103 cf. Rule 73, Sec. 12 Rules of Court (b) Legal separation --- FC 63 (2); FC 66 (c) Annulment and declaration of nullity --- FC 50 in rel. to FC 43 (2) (d) Judicial separation of property --- FC 134 138
37

14. Effects of dissolution (a) Liquidation procedure --- FC 102 (b) For cause other than death --- FC 43(2); FC 63(2) (c) Termination due to death --- FC 104 Buenaventura vs. CA, GR No. 127358, March 31, 2005 15. For marriages before FC FC 104 cf. FC 103(3) Delizo vs. Delizo, 69 SCRA 216 16. Support during ACP liquidation

F. Conjugal partnership of gains (CPG) Belcodero v. CA 227 SCRA 303 Jocson v. CA 170 SCRA 333 Ansaldo v. Sheriff, 64 Phil 115 Sps. Estonina v. CA G.R. No. 111547, Jan. 27, 1997

1. When CPG commences and applies (a) Marriages under FC FC 107 cf. FC 88, 89 (b) Marriages before FC FC 105(2) cf FC 256 Castro vs. Miat, 397 SCRA 271 (c) When applicable FC 105 cf. FC 74-76 Malang vs Moson, 338 SCRA 393 (d) Suppletory rules FC 108 cf. NCC 1767-1768 PNB v. Quintos, 46 Phil 370 Ansaldo vs Sheriff of Manila, 64 Phil 115
38

2. What is included in the CPG FC 106 3. What is excluded from CPG (a) Brought as exclusive property FC 109 (1) Laperal v. Katigbak, 10 SCRA 493 (b) Acquired by gratuitous title during marriage FC 109 (2) of FC 113, FC 115 Veloso v. Martinez, 28 Phil 255 Berciles v. GSIS, 128 SCRA 53 cf. FC 115 (c) Acquired by redemption / exchange FC 109 (3) Plata v. Yatco, 12 SCRA 718 Lim v. Garcia, 7 Phil 320 (d) Purchased with exclusive money FC 109(4); cf. FC 118-119 (e) Properties of parents Laurena vs. CA, GR No. 159220, Sept. 22, 2008

Administration of exclusive property (a) By the spouse-owner FC 110 (b) By the other spouse FC 110 2nd par.; FC 142, FC 75 Veloso v. Martinez, 28 Phil 255

39

Manotok Realty v. CA, 149 SCRA 372 Ong vs CA, 204 SCRA 297

4. Encumbrance / disposition of exclusive property FC 111-112, cf. FC 236, amended by RA 6809 Palanca v. Smith-Bell, 9 Phil 131 Lim Queco V. Cartagena, 71 Phil 163 Wong et al. v. IAC 200 SCRA 792 5. What constitutes CPG (a) Definition --- FC 106 (b) presumption of CPG --- FC 116 Torela v. Torela, 93 SCRA 391 Magallon v. Montejo, 146 SCRA 282 Cuenca v. Cuenca, 168 SCRA 335 Titan vs. David, GR No. 169548, March 15, 2010

(c) what are included in CPG --- FC117 Memorize! Cheesman vs IAC, 193 SCRA 93 Villanueva vs CA, 427 SCRA 439 Zulueta v. Pan-Am 49 SCRA 1 Mendoza v. Reyes 124 SCRA 154 Tarrosa vs. De Leon, GR No. 185063, July 23, 2009 (d) if property bought by installments FC 118 Under NCC: Castillo v. Pasco, 11 SCRA 102 Tarrosa vs. De Leon, GR No. 185063, July 23, 2009 (e) credits due --- FC 119 (f) improvements on CPG property --- FC 120
40

Padilla vs Padilla, 74 Phil 377 Caltex vs Felias, 108 Phil 873 Vda de Padilla vs PAterno, 3 SCRA 678 Calimlim v. Frtun, 129 SCRA 675 Embrado v. CA, 233 SCRA 335 Ravina vs. Villa-Abrille, GR No. 160708, October 16, 2009

6. Charges upon and obligations of CPG FC 121, 122 Mariano vs CA, 174 SCRA 59 Ayala vs. CA, 286 SCRA 272 Ching vs CA, 423 SCRA 356 Homeowners Savings and Loan vs. Dailo, G.R. No. 153802, Mar.11, 2005 Sunga-Chan vs. CA, GR No. 164401, June 25, 2008 Buado vs. CA, GR No. 145222, April 24, 2009

(a) With consent Javier v. Osmena, 34 Phil 336 Vda. De Sta. Romana v. PCIB, 118 SCRA 330 G-Tractors v. CA, 135 SCRA 192 DBP v. Adil, 161 SCRA 307 Mariano v. CA 174 SCRA 59 Wong et al. v. CA 200 SCRA 792 Ong v. CA 204 SCRA 297 Ayala Investment vs. CA (February 12, 1998) Security Bank vs Mar Tiera Corp, G R No 143382, Nov 29, 2006

(b) Without consent Luzon Surety v. De Garcia, 30 SCRA 118 BA Finance v CA, 161 SCRA 608 Costuna vs. Domondon, 180 SCRA 333 Carlos vs. Abelardo, 380 SCRA 361 Ramones vs Agbayani, 137808, Sept 30, 2005

41

Villanueva vs. Chiong, GR No. 159889, June 5, 2008 Ravina vs. Villa-Abrille, GR No. 160708, October 16, 2009
Fuentes v. Roca, GR NO. 178902, April 21, 2010

(c) Personal debts FC122 People v. Lagrimas, 29 SCRA 153 Go vs. Yamane, 489 SCRA 107 Buado vs. Buado, supra (d) Winnings from gambling --- FC 123

7. Ownership, administration and enjoyment (a) Joint administration FC 124 cf. FC 96 Guiang vs CA, 291 SCRA 372 Heirs vs Mijares, 410 SCRA 97 Roxas v. CA 198 SCRA 541 (1991) Ysasi v. Fernandez, 23 SCRA 1079 Docena vs. Lapesura, 355 SCRA 658 Homeowners Savings Loan Bank vs Dailo, G R No 153802, Mar. 11, 2005 Alinas vs Alinas, GR No. 158040, April 14, 2008 (b) Sole administration (1) incapacity FC 124; 253 Uy vs. CA, 346 SCRA 246 (2) separation in fact FC 100(3), 127(3) (3) abandonment FC 101, 128 (4) pendency of legal separation proceedings --- FC 61 Sabalones v. CA 230 SCRA 79 Ravina vs. Villa-Abrille, GR No. 160708, October 16, 2009

42

(c) disposition and encumbrance FC 124-125 FC 97 FC 121(8)

Felipe v. Heirs of Aldon, 120 SCRA 628 (see NCC 1390) Cheeseman v. IAC 193 SCRA 93 Frenzel vs. Catito, G.R. No. 143958, July 11, 2003 Ayuste vs.CA, GR No. 118784, Sept. 2, 1999 Villaranda vs. Spouses Villaranda, G.R. No. 153447, Feb. 23,2004 Ainza vs.CA, G.R. No. 165420. June 30, 2005 (see NCC 1145) Alinas vs. Alinas, G.R. No. 158040, April 14, 2008 Siochi vs. Gozon, GR No. 169900, March 18, 2010

8. Effect of separation de facto FC 127, FC 100 cf. FC 239 9. Effect of abandonment, FC 128 cf. FC 101 Partosa-Jo v. CA 216 SCRA 693

10. Dissolution of CPG, FC 126 (a) Death --- FC 126 (1) (b) Legal separation --- FC 63 (2), FC 66 (c) Annulment and declaration of nullity FC 50 in rel. to FC 43(2) (d) Judicial separation of property FC 134-138 11. Effects of dissolution FC 129 Metropolitan Bank vs Pascual, GR No. 163744, Feb. 29, 2008 Tarrosa vs. De Leon, GR No. 185063, July 23, 2009 (a) Liquidation procedure --- FC 129 (b) Cause other than death FC 129; FC 43(2); FC 63(2)
43

(c) Termination due to death FC 130 cf. FC 104 Buenaventura vs. CA, GR No. 127358, March 31, 2005 12. For marriages before FC FC 131 13. Applicability of Rules of Court FC 132 14. Support during CPG liquidation FC 133 Santero v. CFI, 153 SCRA 728

G. Regime of separation of property 1. When applicable (a) In the marriage settlements FC 143 146 (b) When mandatory FC 103; FC 130 (c) Reconciliation in legal separation FC 66(2) 2. Property covered -- FC 144 3. Administration (a) By the owner-spouse -- FC 145 (b) By the other spouse -- FC 142 (c) FC 100(3), 101 4. Family expenses FC 146 5. Conveyances between spouses FC 87, NCC 1490
44

H. Judicial separation of property 1. When possible FC 134 Maquilan vs Maquilan, June 8, 2007

2. For sufficient cause FC 135 cf. FC 55 (10) 3. Voluntary separation of property FC 136; FC 74-75, FC 134 Lacson v. San Jose-Lacson, 24 SCRA 837 4. Effects of judicial separation of property (a) Liquidation of CPG or ACP --- FC 137 par.1 (b) Support pendente lite --- FC 137 par.2 (c) Regime after JSP --- FC 138 cf. FC 66(2) (d) Binding effect on third parties FC 139-140, cf. FC 67 5. Revival of property regime after JSP FC 141 cf. FC 67 6. Transfer of administration of exclusive property FC 142 cf. NCC 196; FC 96; FC 124 Review: FC 6, 35(2), 35(3), 35(5), 36, 38, 53, 41, 44, 45 (void and voidable marriages) 1. Unions under FC 147 Maxey v. CA, 129 SCRA 187 cf. NCC 144 Domingo v. CA 226 SCRA 572 (All Opinions) Belcodero v. CA 227 SCRA 303 Valds v. QC RTC, supra Carino vs. Carino, supra Fehr vs. Fehr, G.R. No. 152716. October 23, 2003
45

Joaquino vs Reyes, 434 SCRA 260 Gonzales vs Gonzales, 478 SCRA 327

2. Unions under FC 148 cf. FC 50 in rel. to FC 49(2) and FC 50 Juaniza v. Jose, 89 SCRA 306 Yap v. CA, 145 SCRA 229 Bienvenido v. Court of Appeals, 237 SCRA 676 Agapay vs Agapay, 276 SCRA 340 Tumlos vs. Sps. Fernandez, G.R. No. 137650, Apr 12, 2000 Malilin vs Castillo, 333 SCRA 628 Saguid vs. CA, G.R. No. 150611, June 10, 2003 Villanueva vs CA, 427 SCRA 439 Joaquino vs Reyes, 434 SCRA 260 Francisco vs Master Iron Works, 451 SCRA 494 Atienza vs.de Castro, G.R. No. 1695698, Nov. 29, 2006 Acre vs Yutiki, September 27, 2007 Signey v SSS, GR No. 173582, Jan. 28, 2008 Borromeo vs Descallar, GR No. 159310, Feb. 24, 2009 Heirs of Maramag vs. de Guzman, GR No. 181132, June 5, 2009

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X. FAMILY RELATIONS

A. What governs family relations FC 149 Alavado v. City of Tacloban, 139 SCRA 230 Arroyo v. CA, 203 SCRA 753

B. Effects of family relationship on legal disputes FC 150- 151 NCC 2035 ROC Rule 16 Sec. 1(j) RPC 20, 247 and 332 Gayon v. Gayon, 36 SCRA 104 Wainwright v. Versoza, 26 SCRA 78 Magbaleta vs Gonong, 76 SCRA 511 De Guzman vs Genato, 89 SCRA 674 OLaco vs Co Cho Chit, 220 SCRA 656 Tribiana vs.Tribiana, G.R. No. 137359, Sept. 13, 2004 Hiyas Savings and Loan Bank, Inc. vs. Acuna, G.R. NO. 154132, August 31, 2006 Intestate Estate of Gonzales vs. People, GR No. 181409, February 11, 2010

C. The family home 1. What constitutes the family home Republic vs. Serrano, GR No. 183063, February 24, 2010

2. Who may constitute the family home FC 152; FC 161 Taneo vs CA, 304 SCRA 308
47

3. When deemed constituted FC 153

4. When terminated FC 153, compare with FC 159

5. Beneficiaries FC154 Patricio vs. Dario, G.R. No. 170829, November 20, 2006

6. Exemptions FC 155, 157, 160

7. When may be sold FC 158 Modequillo v. Breva, 185 SCRA 766 Siari Valley v. Lucasan, 109 Phil 294 Honrado vs.CA, G.R. No. 166333, Nov. 25, 2005 Cabang vs Basay, GR No. 180587, March 20, 2009

8. Rights of creditors FC 160-162 Modequillo vs Breva, 185 SCRA 756 Cabreza vs. Cabreza, GR No. 171260, September 11, 2009 Metrobank vs. Viray, GR No. 162218, February 25, 2010

48

XI. PATERNITY AND FILIATION A. Concept of paternity, filiation and legitimacy FC 163

B. Legitimate children FC 164 cf. FC 166 in rel. to NCC 256-25, 165 Tan v. Trocio, 191 SCRA 764 Angeles vs Maglaya, 469 SCRA 363 SSS vs. Aguas, G.R. 165546, Feb. 27, 2006 Rivera vs. Heirs of Villanueva, GR No. 141501, July 21, 2006 1. Who are considered legitimate children (a) Conceived during marriage cf. RoC Rule 131 Sec.3(dd) FC 168 1. 2. 3. 4. Valid marriage Terminated marriage under FC 42 in rel. to FC 43(1) Void marriages under FC 54, 36 Voidable marriages

(b) Born during marriage (c) Conceived by artificial insemination cf. NCC 40 (d) Adopted children (e) Legitimated children 2. Rights of legitimate children FC 173-174 NCC 364, 374, 376 NCC 888, NCC 979 Moore v. Republic, 8 SCRA 282 Naldoza v. Republic, 112 SCRA 658 Marquino vs IAC, 233 SCRA 348 Ong vs CA, 272 SCRA 725 Rep vs. CA, 300 SCRA 138 De la Cruz vs. Gracia, GR No. 177728, July 31, 2009 Continental Steel vs. Montano, GR 182836, October 13, 2009
49

C. Illegitimate children

1. Who are considered illegitimate (a) Under NCC (b) Under FC 165 Joanie Surposa Uy vs. Jose Ngo Chua, GR No. 183965, September 18, 2009

2. Rights of illegitimate children FC 175 - 176 Osmena de Valencia v. Rodriguez, 84 Phil 222 Jao vs CA, 152 SCRA 359 Uyguangco vs CA, 178 SCRA 684 Mangulabnan v. IAC 185 SCRA 760 Mendoza vs. Court of Appeals, 201 SCRA 675, September 24, 1994 Lim vs. Court of Appeals, 270 SCRA 1, March 18, 1997 Tijing vs CA, 2001 Eceta vs. Eceta, 428 SCRA 782, May 20, 2004 Briones vs. Miguel, 440 SCRA 455, October 18, 2004 Cabatania vs. Court of Appeals, 441 SCRA 96, October 21, 2004 Agustin vs. Court of Appeals, 460 SCRA 315, June 15, 2005 Alba vs. Herrera, GR No. 148220, July 29, 2005 Angeles vs. Maglaya, 469 SCRA 363, September 2, 2005 Guy vs CA, GR No. 163707, Sept. 15, 2006 Verceles vs. Posada, G.R. No. 161338, April 27, 2007 People vs Umanito, GR No. 172607, Oct. 26, 2007 Montefalcon v Vasquez, GR No. 165016, June 17, 2008 Heirs of Maramag vs. de Guzman, GR No. 181132, June 5, 2009 Go vs. Ramos, GR No. 167569, September 4, 2009 Joanie Surposa Uy vs. Jose Ngo Chua, GR No. 183965, September 18, 2009 DOJ Opinion No. 11 Series of 1990 DOJ Opinion No. 4, Series of 1998

50

D. Action to impugn legitimacy 1. Grounds FC 166 Memorize! (a) Physical impossibility of access Andal v. Macaraig, 89 Phil 165 Macadangdang v. CA, 100 SCRA 73 Ong vs. Court of Appeals, 272 SCRA 725 Concepcion vs. CA, G.R. No. 123450, Aug. 31, 2005

(b) Biological or other scientific grounds A.M. No. 06-11-5-SC (RULE ON DNA Evidence) effective October 15, 2007 Jao v. CA, 152 SCRA 359 People v. Tumimpad, 235 SCRA 483 People v. Quitoriano, G.R. No. 118852, Jan. 20, 1997 Tijing vs CA, 2001 Herrera vs. Alba, G.R. No. 148220, June 15, 2005 Agustin, June 15, 2005 Estate of Rogelio Ong v. Minor Joanne Diaz, G.R. No. 171713, Dec. 17, 2007

(c) FC 166(3) 2. Effect of a mothers declaration FC167 Chua Keng Giap v. IAC, 158 SCRA 18 Rodriguez v CA 245 SCRA 150

3. In subsequent marriages FC 168, 169 People v. Quitoriano, G.R. No. 118852, Jan. 20, 1997
51

4. Presumptions FC 170, 171 Cobatbat-Lim vs IAC, 166 SCRA 451

5. Prescription of action to impugn legitimacy Gaspay v. CA, 238 SCRA 163

6. Who may impugn Benitez-Badua v. CA, 229 SCRA 468 Lim v. IAC, 166 SCRA 451 Liyao, Jr. vs. Tanhoti-Liyao, 378 SCRA 563

E. Proof of Filiation 1. Of legitimate children FC 172-173 Diaz vs. Court of Appeals, 129 SCRA 621, June 22, 1984 Reyes v. CA, 135 SCRA 439 Tison vs. Court of Appeals, 276 SCRA 582, July 31, 1997 Trinidad vs. Court of Appeals, 289 SCRA 188, April 20, 1998 Jison vs. Court of Appeals, 286 SCRA 495, February 24, 1998 Labagala vs. Santiago, 371 SCRA 360 Tecson vs. COMELEC, Poe, et al., G.R. No. 161434, Mar. 3, 2004 De Jesus vs. Estate of Juan Gamboa Dizon, 366 SCRA 499 Agustin vs. Court of Appeals, 460 SCRA 315, June 15, 2005 Ong vs. Diaz, December 17, 2007

2. Of illegitimate children FC 175 Castro v. CA, 173 SCRA 656 Lim v. CA, 65 SCRA 160 Banas v. Banas, 134 SCRA 260
52

In re Christensen, 102 Phil 1055 Ilano v. CA 231 SCRA 242 Baluyut v. Baluyut, 186 SCRA 506 Mendoza v. CA, 201 SCRA 675 Marquino v. IAC, 233 SCRA 348 (1994) Fernandez v. CA, 230 SCRA 130 Jison vs. CA, 286 SCRA 495 Eceta vs. Eceta, G.R. No. 157037, May 20, 2004 Heirs of Gabatan vs. CA, GR No. 150206, March 13, 2009 Jenie San Juan Dela Cruz et. Al. vs. Ronald Paul S. Gracia, GR No. 177728, July 31, 2009 Joselito Musni Puno v. Puno Enterprises, Inc., GR No. 17706, September 11, 2009 Nepomuceno vs. Lopez, GR No. 181258, March 18, 2010

3. Rights of illegitimate children FC 176 Liyao vs. Liyao, 378 SCRA 563, March 7, 2002 Republic vs. Capote, February 2, 2007 Go vs. Ramos, GR 167569, September 4, 2009

4. Compulsory recognition cf. RPC 345, 46, 59 Solinap vs. Locsin, 371 SCRA 711 Pp vs. Delantar, G.R. No. 169143, February 2, 2007 Gapusan v. CA, 183 SCRA 160 People v. Barranco, 177 SCRA 103 Dempsey v. RTC, 164 SCRA 384 People v. Bayani, G.R. No. 120894 Oct. 3, 1996 People vs. Magtibay, G.R. No. 142985. Aug. 6, 2002 People vs. Abella, GR No. 177295, January 6, 2010 Egap Madsali, Sajiron Lajim and Maron Lajim v. People of the Philippines, GR No. 179570, February 4, 2010

53

F. Legitimated Children 1. Who may be legitimated --- FC 177 Abadilla vs Tabiliran, 249 SCRA 447 2. How legitimation takes place FC 178, FC 180 3. Retroactivity and effects FC 180-181 DOJ Opinion No. 106 Series of 1991 4. Action to impugn legitimation --- FC 182 5. Rights of legitimated children --- FC179

XII. ADOPTION Lazatin v. Campos, 92 SCRA 250 Cervantes v. Fajardo, 169 SCRA 575 R.A. 8552 (Domestic Adoption Law) A.M. No. 02-6-02-S.C. (Aug. 22, 2002)

A. Requisites to be an adopter 1. Age and capacity required Sec. 7 2. Husband and wife jointly Sec. 7 Republic v. CA, 205 SCRA 356 In re: Petition for adoption of Michelle Lim, GR No. 168992, May 21, 2009 3. Need for consent --- Sec. 9 Santos v. Aransanzo, 16 SCRA 344 Daoang v. Municipal Judge, 159 SCRA 369
54

Duncan v. CFI, 69 SCRA 298 Landingin vs. RP, G.R. No. 164948, June 27, 2006

4. Aliens as adopters Sec. 7 (b) Pardo de Tavera v. Cacdac, 167 SCRA 626 Republic v. Toledano, 233 SCRA 9 R.A. 8043, The Law on Inter-Country Adoption A.M. No. 02-6-02-S.C. (Aug. 22, 2002) B. Who may not adopt C. Who may be adopted D. Who may not be adopted E. Procedure in adoption

RA No. 9523, March 12, 2009 An Act Requiring Certification of the Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD) to Declare a Child Legally Available for Adoption as a Prerequisite for Adoption Proceedings

F. Effects of a decree of adoption 1. On status 2. On parental authority Tamargo v. CA, 209 SCRA 518 Cervantes v. Fajardo, 169 SCRA 575 3. On hereditary rights 4. On name

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IN THE Matter of Adoption of Stephanie Garcia, 454 SCRA 541

G. Rescission of adoption Lahom vs. Sibulo, G.R. No. 143989, July 14, 2003 1. By the adopted 2. By the adopter/s 3. Effects of rescission

56

XIII. SUPPORT A. What comprises support --- FC 194 B. Who are obliged to provide support FC 195, 196 Pelayo v. Lauron, 12 Phil 453 Sanchez v. Zulueta, 68 Phil 110 Reyes v. Ines-Luciano, 88 SCRA 803 De Asis vs. CA, G.R. No. 127578, Feb. 15, 1999 De Guzman vs. Perez, 496 SCRA 474 Joanie Surposa Uy vs. Jose Ngo Chua, GR No. 183965, September 18, 2009 Egap Madsali, Sajiron Lajim and Maron Lajim v. People of the Philippines, GR No. 179570, February 4, 2010 C. Source of Support FC 197-198, cf. FC 49, 70, 94, 122 Lam vs. Chua, 2004 Lerma v. CA, 61 SCRA 440 Reyes vs Ines-Luciano, 88 SCRA 803 D. Order of Support FC 199, 200 Mangonon vs. CA, G.R. No. 125041, June 30, 2006 Spouses Lim vs. Lim, GR No. 163209, October 30, 2009 E. Manner and time of payment FC 200-204 Canonizado v. Benitez, 127 SCRA 610 F. Amount of support FC 200-208 Lacson vs. Lacson, G.R.No. 150644, August 28, 2006 Sy vs CA. Dec. 27, 2009 G. Renunciation and Termination NCC 2035; FC 194 H. Support pendente lite --- FC 198; RoC Rule 61 I. Procedure in applications for support --- Rule 61
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XIV. PARENTAL AUTHORITY & CUSTODY OF CHILDREN A. Concept of parental authority FC 209 Medina vs. Makabali, 27 SCRA 502, March 28, 1969 Unson vs. Navarro, 101 SCRA 183, November 17, 1980 Lacson vs. Lacson, 24 SCRA 837 Soriano vs. Laguardia, GR No. 164785, April 29, 2009 Bagtas vs. Hon. Ruth Santos, GR No. 166682, November 27, 2009

B. Transfer of PA FC 210 cf. FC 223-224, FC 234 Eslao vs CA, 266 SCRA 317

C. Who exercises PA FC 211-213 cf. FC 49, 102(6) and 63(2) FC 176 Hontiveros v. IAC 132 SCRA 745 Unson v. Navarro 101 SCRA 183 Espiritu & Layug v. CA, G.R. No. 115640(1995) Santos Sr. v. C.A., G.R. No. 113054(1995) Sagala-Eslao v. Cordero-Ouye, G.R. 116773, Jan. 16, 1997 Bondagjy vs. Bondagjy, 371 SCRA 642 Pp vs. Glabo, 371 SCRA 567 Vancil vs. Belmes, 358 SCRA 707 David vs. CA, 250 SCRA 82, November 16, 1995 Sombong vs. CA,G.R. No. 111876, Jan. 31, 1996 Tonog vs. CA, 376 SCRA 642 Laxamana vs. Laxamana, 388 SCRA 296 Roehr vs Rodriguez, 404 SCRA 495 Briones vs. Miguel, G.R. No. 156343, October 18, 2004 Gualberto vs. Gualberto, G.R. No. 154994. June 28, 2005 Silva vs. CA, 275 SCRA 604 Salientes vs Salientes, 500 SCRA 128 Sy vs CA, GR No. 162938, Dec. 27,2007 Spouses Lim vs. Lim, GR No. 163209, October 30, 2009
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D. Substitute PA FC 214-216 FC 233 Vancil vs Belmes, 358 SCRA 707

E. Special PA FC 218-219 FC 233 cf. FC 221 in rel. to NCC 2180 Palisoc v. Brilliantes, 41 SCRA 548 Pasco vs. CFI Bulacan, April 25, 1988 Amadora v. CA, 160 SCRA 315 Salvosa v. IAC, 166 SCRA 274 PSBA vs. CA, February 4, 1992 Saludaga vs. FEU, 30 April 08 St. Francis High School v. CA, 194 SCRA 341 St. Marys Academy vs. Carpitanos, G.R. No. 143363, February 6, 2002 Child Learning Centre vs. Tagario, GR 150920, Nov. 25, 2005 School of the Holy Spirit vs. Taguiam, GR 165565, July 14, 2008

F. Filial Privilege FC215 ROC Rule 130 Sec. 25 cf. Secs. 22 & 23 G. Effects of PA over the childs person FC 220-222 FC 223-224 Medina v. Makabali, 27 SCRA 502 Lunav. IAC, 137 SCRA 7 Cuadra v. Monfort, 35 SCRA 160 R.A. 7610, The Child Abuse Law
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G. Effects of PA over the childs property FC 225-227 Pineda vs CA, 226 SCRA 754 RA 9231, Secs. 12-B and 12-C
Sec. 12-B. Ownership, Usage and Administration of the Working Child's Income. - The wages, salaries, earnings and other income of the working child shall belong to him/her in ownership and shall be set aside primarily for his/her support, education or skills acquisition and secondarily to the collective needs of the family: Provided, That not more than twenty percent (20%) of the child's income may be used for the collective needs of the family. "The income of the working child and/or the property acquired through the work of the child shall be administered by both parents. In the absence or incapacity of either of the parents, the other parent shall administer the same. In case both parents are absent or incapacitated, the order of preference on parental authority as provided for under the Family Code shall apply. "Sec. 12-C. Trust Fund to Preserve Part of the Working Child's Income. - The parent or legal guardian of a working child below eighteen (18) years of age shall set up a trust fund for at least thirty percent (30%) of the earnings of the child whose wages and salaries from work and other income amount to at least two hundred thousand pesos (P200,000.00) annually, for which he/she shall render a semi-annual accounting of the fund to the Department of Labor and Employment, in compliance with the provisions of this Act. The child shall have full control over the trust fund upon reaching the age of majority.

Lindain v. CA, 212 SCRA 725 Badillo vs. Ferrer, 152 SCRA 407

H. Suspension or termination of PA 1. Permanent termination FC 228, 232 cf. RA 6809 2. Non-permanent termination FC 229 cf. FC 193

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RA 8552 re: parental authority and revocation of adoption

3. Suspension of PA, FC 231 - 230 Chua v. Cabangbang, 27 SCRA 791 De Guzman vs Perez, 496 SCRA 474

4. Revival See: R.A. 8369, An Act Establishing Family Courts, Granting Them Exclusive Original Jurisdiction Over Child and Family Cases. See: RA. 7610, Child Abuse Act

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XV.

EMANCIPATION

RA 6809 A. Cause of emancipation FC 234 as amended B. Effect of emancipation FC 236 as amended cf. FC 15, NCC 2180

XVI. SURNAMES NCC 364-380 RA 9255 Naldoza v. Republic, supra Johnston v. Republic, 7 SCRA 1040 Ng Yao Sing v. Republic 16 SCRA 483 Llaneta v. Agrava, 57 SCRA 29 Telmo v. Republic, 73 SCRA 29 Tolentino v CA, 162 SCRA 66 Legamia v. IAC, 131 SCRA 479 Yasin v Hon Judge Sharia Court G R No 94986 (1995) In the Matter of the Adoption of Stephanie Nathy Astorga Garcia, G R No 148311, March 31, 2005 In Re Change of Name, Julainan Carulasan Wang, GR No 159966 March 30, 2005 Gonzaludo vs. People, GR 150910, February 6, 2006 Remo vs. DFA, March 5, 2010

XVII. RULES GOVERNING PERSONS WHO ARE ABSENT NCC 381-396, FC 41 Reyes v. Alejandro, 141 SCRA 65 Eastern Shipping v. Lucero, 124 SCRA 425
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Tol-Noquera v. Villamor, 211 SCRA 616 Manuel vs. People, G.R. No. 165842, Nov. 29, 2005 Olaguer vs. Purugganan, G.R. No. 158907, February 12, 2007

XVIII. FUNERALS

NCC 305-310 Eugenio v. Velez, 185 SCRA 425

XIX. ENTRIES IN THE CIVIL REGISTER

NCC 407-413 ROC, Rule 108 RA 9048 Barretto vs Local Civil registrar, 74 SCRA 257 Republic vs Dela Cruz, 118 SCRA 18 Repubic vs Flojo, 152 SCRA 550 Republic v. Sayo, 188 SCRA 634 Republic v Valencia, 141 SCRA 462 Republic v Marcos, 182 SCRA 223 Labayo-Rowe v Republic, 168 SCRA 294 Sermonia vs CA, 233 SCRA 155 Zapanta v Registrar, 237 SCRA 25 Leonor v. Court of Appeals, 256 SCRA 69 Lee et al vs CA, 367 SCRA 110 Eloisida vs Local Civil Registry, 382 SCRA 23 Barco vs CA GR No 120587,Jan 20,2004 Republic vs Benemerito, GR NO 146963, March 14, 2004 Ceruila vs Delantar, 477 SCRA 134 Silverio vs. RP, G.R. No. 174689, October 22, 2007 Republic vs. Capote, G.R. No. 157043, February 2,2007 Republic s KHO, GR No. No. 170340. June 29, 2007 Republic vs. Jennifer Cagandahan, , G.R. No. 166676, Sept. 12, 2008 Jenie San Juan Dela Cruz et. Al. vs. Ronald Paul S. Gracia, GR No. 177728, July 31, 2009 Ma. Cristina Torres Braza vs. The City Civil Registrar, GR No. 181174, Dec. 4, 2009
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