Denitions
Rated operating voltage (Ue) The rated operating voltage of an item of equipment is the voltage which, associated with a rated operating current, determines the use of the equipment in the categories determined by testing. For single-pole equipment, the rated operating voltage is usually expressed in terms of the voltage across that pole. For equipment with more than one pole, it is usually expressed in terms of the voltage between the phases (IEC et NF EN 60947). Flashover voltage Disruptive discharge outside the insulator and along its surface, between parts normally subject to the operating voltage (NF C 01-471). The rated insulation voltage of an item of equipment is the voltage value used for the dielectric tests. Under no circumstances should the highest rated operating voltage exceed the rated insulation voltage. Torque Tightening torque Puncture Creepage distance Tightening torque to be applied in type testing to validate the product's minimal quality. Torque to be applied by the user to ensure good electric contact and mechanical attachment. Disruptive discharge in solid dielectric produces permanent loss of electric strength (NF C 01-471). The shortest distance over the surface of the insulation between two conductive parts (CEI 60 947-1).
Insulating distance
Distance between two conductive parts along a tight wire following the shortest distance between those two conductive parts (CEI 60 947-1).
Selection
- An insulator has to sastify the following requirements: Mechanical - Thermal - Electrical - To order to choose an insulator it is important determine : The electrodynamics strength; The distance between each support; The ex strength.
Choice of material
Among all the insulating material, the glass lled polyester compounds are the best compromise in regard of the mechanical and electrical characteristics. The insulators are produced by compression by molding in order to obtain the best mechanical characteristics. 1
Caractristiques lectriques
Per NF F 61-016 Type Flashover voltage Minimum creepage Actual creepage (kV) (mm) (mm) (M (Ue) (mm) ) H15N 9 10 21,5 106 U < 300 2.750 H26N 12 25 37,5 106 300 < U < 750 3.878 H35N 17 32 49 106 750 < U < 1 000 4.500 H50N 22 48 73,5 106 1 000 < U < 1 500 5.750 H60N 25 58 87 4x105 1 500 < U < 1 500 5.750
Mechanical characteristics
Distance between bearing surfaces(mm) Insert diameter (letage M. ISO) (mm) Torque* Tensile strength Bending strength Compressive strength (N.m) (N) (N) (N)
* max. tightening torque for mechanical attachment ** Dimension not handled by the NF F 16-101
F = Female Insert F
L1 5 7 10 15 9 9 15 20 15 20 20 25 25 16 12 12 12 15 20 20 25 25 30 12 12 12 12 12 30 35 30 30 35 35 20 17 17 17 20 35 40 25 35 35 17 17 17 17 25 35 40 45 25 35 45 45 45 21 21 40 50 40 50
L2 5 5 10 15 9 20 9 9 15 15 20 25 15 8 12 20 25 12 12 20 12 25 12 12 15 20 25 35 12 12 20 15 35 20 30 17 20 25 17 17 17 25 25 35 17 20 25 45 17 17 17 17 35 25 15 25 35 21 25 21 21 25 25
E 18 18 18 18 26 26 26 26 26 26 26 26 26 26 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 60 60 60 60 60 60
Weight Kg 0,008 0,009 0,012 0,013 0,030 0,035 0,034 0,035 0,038 0,039 0,040 0,040 0,039 0,036 0,092 0,092 0,105 0,102 0,104 0,115 0,105 0,118 0,107 0,087 0,102 0,104 0,107 0,111 0,109 0,111 0,126 0,127 0,136 0,129 0,126 0,206 0,228 0,228 0,228 0,236 0,239 0,247 0,260 0,272 0,200 0,230 0,233 0,245 0,233 0,233 0,239 0,245 0,272 0,272 0,273 0,279 0,282 0,346 0,398 0,412 0,422 0,464 0,474
15.300.1.F4/5.F4/5 15.300.1.M4/7.F4/5 15.300.1.M5/10.M5/10 15.300.1.M5/15.M5/15 26.750.1.F6/9.F6/9 26.750.1.F6/9.M6/20 26.750.1.M6/15.F6/9 26.750.1.M6/20.F6/9 26.750.1.M6/15.M6/15 26.750.1.M6/20.M6/15 26.750.1.M6/20.M6/20 26.750.1.M6/25.M6/25 26.750.1.M6/25.M6/15 26.750.1.M6/16.M6/8 35.1000.1.F8/12.F8/12 35.1000.1.F8/12.M8/20 35.1000.1.F8/12.M8/25 35.1000.1.M8/15.F8/12 35.1000.1.M8/20.F8/12 35.1000.1.M8/20.F8/20 35.1000.1.M8/25.F8/12 35.1000.1.M8/25.M8/25 35.1000.1.M8/30.F8/12 35.1000.1.F10/12.F10/12 35.1000.1.F10/12.M10/15 35.1000.1.F10/12.M10/20 35.1000.1.F10/12.M10/25 35.1000.1.F10/12.M10/35 35.1000.1.M10/30.F10/12 35.1000.1.M10/35.F10/12 35.1000.1.M10/30.M10/20 35.1000.1.M10/30.M10/15 35.1000.1.M10/35.M10/35 35.1000.1.M10/35.M10/20 35.1000.1.M10/20.M10/35 50.1500.1.F10/17.F10/17 50.1500.1.F10/17.M10/20 50.1500.1.F10/17.M10/25 50.1500.1.M10/20.F10/17 50.1500.1.M10/35.F10/17 50.1500.1.M10/40.F10/17 50.1500.1.M10/25.M10/25 50.1500.1.M10/35.M10/25 50.1500.1.M10/35.M10/35 50.1500.1.F12/17.F12/17 50.1500.1.F12/17.M12/20 50.1500.1.F12/17.M12/25 50.1500.1.F12/17.M12/45 50.1500.1.M12/25.F12/17 50.1500.1.M12/35.F12/17 50.1500.1.M12/40.F12/17 50.1500.1.M12/45.F12/17 50.1500.1.M12/25.M12/35 50.1500.1.M12/35.M12/25 50.1500.1.M12/45.M12/15 50.1500.1.M12/45.M12/25 50.1500.1.M12/45.M12/35 60.1500.1.F14/21.F14/21 60.1500.1.F14/21.M14/25 60.1500.1.M14/40.F14/21 60.1500.1.M14/50.F14/21 60.1500.1.M14/40.M14/25 60.1500.1.M14/50.M14/25
L1 H
L2
L1 H
L2
*
L1 H L2
* The connecting land diameter is, according to NF F 61-016, 1.7 times the screwing diameter.
Packaging
Part number FH15N, FH26N Quantity 100 Part number FH35N Quantity 25 3 Part number FH50N, H60N Quantity 10
The cylindrical shape and small diameters resolve space problems. Application: - Installing and insulating power circuit housings.
Electrical characteristics
Type Sparkover voltage Surface resistance Insulation resistance Capacitance (kV50 Hz) (M (M C22 10 C35 20 2x106 >106 10 C50 25 2x106 >106 10
(p F at 1 Kc/s)
Mechanical characteristics
(N) (Nm)
2400 5
3200 13
4000 13
Packaging
Part number C22 C35 C50 Quantity 100 100 50
The spacial shape of these so-called "umbrella" insulators increases the creepage and prevents conductive deposits from covering the entire surface of the insulator.
Electrical characteristics
Type Sparkover voltage (kV50 Hz) Surface resistance Insulation resistance Capacitance (M (M /cm with 500V applied) with 500V applied) P50S 25 2x106 2x106 25 P100S 25 2x106 2x106 10
(p F at 1 Kc/s)
Mechanical characteristics
Tensile strength (N) 23 000 11 000 80 10=26 12=45 13 000 2 500 40 8=13 10=26
(Nm) (Nm)
L1 H
L2
12(8) 49 12(10) 49
L2 H
L1 *25
Packaging
Part number P50S P100S Quantity 10 5 5
Electrical characteristics
Type Max. current (A) T90S Captive spindle brass UZ40 MNA 400 460 540 600 1 500 22 (face 16 -M8) (face 18 -M10) (face 22 -M12) (face 24 -M14) Captive spindle stainless steel Z10 CF 17 200 230 270 300 (face 16 - M8) (face 18 - M10) (face 22 - M12) (face 24 - M14)
(V) (kV)
D 18
Mechanical characteristics
Tightening torque (Nm) 7,5 14,5 25 40 (face 16 -M8) (face 18 -M10) (face 22 -M12) (face 24 -M14) 9,5 18,5 31 50 (face 16 - M8) (face 18 - M10) (face 22 - M12) (face 24 - M14)
Weight
(Kg)
8 10 12 14
15
L1 33 33 33 33
37
L2 33 33 33 33
E1 45 45 45 45
E2 55 55 55 55
Captive stainless steel type T90S 8 I M30 M30 T90S 10 I M30 M30 T90S 12 I M30 M30 T90S 14 I M30 M30
H 84 84 84 84
8 10 12 14
L1 33 33 33 33
L2 33 33 33 33
E1 45 45 45 45
E2 55 55 55 55
75 x 75
face
E1
E1 E2
*
joint silicone p. 3,5 L1 H 150 L2 58
Packaging
Individual 6 Individual
58
Electrical characteristics
Operating temperature Max. current Rated voltage Dielectric strength Sparkover test Tensile strength test Torsion strength test (A) (kV) (kV) (kV) - 40C to + 130C 600 3 10 > 35 kV after 24 hrs immersed in water Rr > 200 daN at 60 mm from the attachment zone on both ends 16 m.daN
Mechanical characteristics
Weight (Kg) 0,625
H 82 82 82 82 82 82
70 40
1 8 12 10 10 12 10
2 8 12 12 12 12 10
*1 29 29 29 30 30 29
*2 28 28 28 30 30 28
E1 33 33 33 33 33 33
E2 42 42 42 42 42 42
Prol-let 33 33 33 33 33 33
cloison p. 5 max.
70 x 70
E1 *1 1
*2 E2
*
L1 H L2
68
68
Packaging
Individual 7
A) Determining the form factor From graph 1, determine the coefcient K as a function of the cross-section and of the layout of the bars. 1) calculate the expression : s - a a+b 2) calculate the expression : a b 3) locate K on the corresponding curve. - "a" represents the thickness of the bar or group of bars. - "b" represents the height of the bar or group of bars. - "s" represents the spacing between the bars or group of bars. Graph 1
1,4 1,3 1,2
b =0 a
5
1,1
2
1,0
1
0,9
0,5
0,8
0,25
a b
0,1
s a b a
s a
a =0 b
0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1,0 1,2 1,4 1,6
1,8
2,0
s-a a+b 8
B) Determining the force acting on a unit of length From graph 2, determine the force "f" acting on a bar 10 mm thick as a function of the short circuit current.
Graphique 2
200
100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30
20
it ircu
trip
se ha p gle sin
se ha
eq
bra uili
ted
f : in N per unit of length C) Calculate the force exerted on the insulator support F=fx L xK S F : in N f : calculate in B) above K : calculate in A) above L = span between 2 insulators; in mm S = spacing between the bars; in mm
L S
D) Choosing the insulator Choose an insulator whose strength is greater than the resultant value of "F".
2000
200
300
400
10
Insulators
Recommendations for mounting an insulator
Max. tightening torque values for electrical connections (N.m) The accuracy class for tightening is C. (NF E 25-030) nominal (male or female in mm) Copper connection M/L washer 3-part washer M/L washer CS washer H FR nut M/L washer 3-part washer Aluminium connection M/L washer 3-part washer M/L washer CS washer M/L washer 3-part washer H FR nut
4 5 6 8 10 12 14
+ 2.5 3.8 10 20 35 55
+ 3 5 13 26 45 70*
+ 1.9
5.8 15 30 50 80
2.7 6 13 23 38
Avoid this
4.7 11 23 38 63
Support with your hand
Instructions for correct tightening Tighten the screws or nuts with a torque wrench or electric screwdriver, per the values in the table above. (+)Not to be used with the tightening torque for electrical connection. (*) To be avoid if possible.
1 2 3 J
1 2 3
- for female insert : H, M screw, minimum class 5.8; Zn(1) / D / Fe (NF E 25-114) 4 - for male insert: H FR, M nut, minimum class 6; Zn(1) / D / Fe (NF E 25-411)
(1) thickness of nish: - Zn5 fur < 8mm - Zn8 fur > 8mm
5 4
10