ME2143/ME2143E

Matriculation/Registration Number

NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SINGAPORE

ME2143/ME2143E SENSORS AND ACTUATORS

(Semester II : AY2011-2012)

Time Allowed: 2 Hours ___________________________________________________________________________

EXAMINER'S USE ONLY

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES:

Marking 1. This examination paper contains FOUR (4) questions and comprises EIGHTEEN (18) printed pages. Answer ALL FOUR (4) questions. All questions carry equal marks. You are to write on and submit this answer booklet only! This is a CLOSED-BOOK Examination with authorized materials: Students are allowed to bring in an A4-sized summary sheet. Question
Int. Ext. Ave.

2. 3. 4. 5.

1 2 3 4

Total:

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QUESTION 1 (25 MARKS) (a) For the circuit as shown in Figure 1a, R1 = 200 , R2 = 100 , and R3 = 200 . What is vout in terms of vin? What is the power produced by the voltage source, vin when vin = 1 V? (10 marks) + vin R1 R2 Figure 1a
+ -

R3

vout

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QUESTION 1 (CONTINUED)

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QUESTION 1 (CONTINUED) (b) Determine the theoretical closed-loop voltage gain (i.e., vo/vin) of the circuit shown in Figure 1b. State any assumption(s) used. Given the op amp supply voltage magnitude, Vs = 15 V and assume that vin is DC voltage, state the range of vin for which the theoretical closed-loop voltage gain can be achieved. (15 marks) 2R 2R

R vin

+Vs 741

R vo

+ -Vs

Figure 1b

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QUESTION 1 (CONTINUED)

QUESTION 2 (25 MARKS)

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(a)

A circuit shown in Figure 2a can be used to turn a LED ON or OFF based on an input voltage vin. Given that the forward voltage drop across the LED, Vf LED = 1 V, when it is forward biased; VBE = 0.7 V when the BE junction is forward biased; = 100; VCEsat = 0.2 V. Find the minimum base current ib and the corresponding minimum input voltage vin that ensure the transistor is saturated. State any assumption(s) used. (13 marks) Vcc= 5 V RC = 300

LED R1 = 1 k + C E

vin

R2 = 1 k

Figure 2a

QUESTION 2 (CONTINUED)

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QUESTION 2 (CONTINUED)

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QUESTION 2 (CONTINUED) (b) A logic problem has three inputs A, B and C as well as two outputs Y and Z. Input C acts as a control input such that when C is low, Y = A and Z = B; and when C is high, Y

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= B and Z = A. Construct the truth table for this problem and apply Karnaugh maps to obtain minimized SOP logic expressions for the problem. Design logic circuits for the expressions using only 7400 ICs. (12 marks)

QUESTION 2 (CONTINUED)

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QUESTION 3 (25 MARKS) (a) A DC shunt motor operates with a load that demands constant developed torque. With a voltage source VT = 110 V, the motor operates at 1000 rpm with armature current IA = 10 A. Assume that the field current is constant. Calculate the increase in speed if VT has increased to 200 V, and the armature resistance remains unchanged at 5 .

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(9 marks)

QUESTION 3 (CONTINUED) (b) Given that a voltage v1(t) = 220 cos(45t) V is applied to a 100 resistance. Find the root-mean-square value of the voltage, and the average power delivered to the resistance.

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Given another voltage v2(t) = 110 sin(45t) V. Reduce the sum vs(t) = v1(t) + v2(t) to a single term. (10 marks)

QUESTION 3 (CONTINUED)

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QUESTION 3 (CONTINUED) (c) An eight-pole induction motor drives a load at 2500 rpm. This is accomplished by using an electronic convertor to convert a 400V DC source into a set of three-phase AC voltages. Find the frequency required for the AC voltage assuming that the slip is 5%. (6 marks)

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QUESTION 4 (25 MARKS) (a) A charge q moving with velocity vector u through a magnetic field B will experience a force f. Given that q= 2 x 10-6 C, u= (6i + 4j) m/s and B= 1i T. Find the magnetic force f. Suppose that we test a material and find that B = 1 T for an applied H of 50 A/m. What is the permeability of the material?

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(7 marks)

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QUESTION 4 (CONTINUED) (b) In a resistance temperature detector (RTD) using platinum and nickel, the temperature coefficient at 20 oC is 0.004/ oC and resistance R=106 . Find the resistance at 22 oC. For a larger change in temperature, the resistance value should follow the polynomial relation with an additional temperature coefficient at 20 oC = -0.0000006/ oC2. Find the resistance of the sensor at 130 oC. (6 marks)

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QUESTION 4 (CONTINUED) (c) The displacement of a diaphragm can be measured using a pressure gauge with four strain gauges. The four active gauges are used in a bridge circuit as shown in Figure 4a. Given that the gauge factor is 2.5, resistance of gauges is 100 and the supply voltage to the bridge is 12 V. Due to the differential pressure on the diaphragm, gauges R1 and R3 are subjected to tensile strain of 0.0002 and gauges R2 and R4 are subjected to compressive strain of 0.0002. Calculate the offset voltage. (12 marks)

R4 R1
12 V

R2

R3

Figure 4a

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QUESTION 4 (CONTINUED)

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