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Pasir Ris Crest Secondary School Mid Year Examination Secondary Four Express Biology Paper 1 Additional Materials: OTAS 10 May 2012 Duration: 1hour

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES Do not open this booklet until you are told to do so. INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES Do not open this booklet until you are told to do so. Write your name, register number and class in the spaces at the top of this page. There are forty questions in this paper. Answer all questions. For each question, there are four possible answers A, B, C and D. Choose the one you consider correct and record your choice in soft pencil on the OTAS. Each correct answer will be awarded one mark. Any rough working should be done in this booklet.

For Examiners Use Only. Total / 40

This question paper consists of 18 printed pages including this cover page. [Turn over.

Answer all questions (40m) 1. The figure below shows four cells.

X W Y Which one of the following is true? A B C D 2. Absence of protoplasm W Z Z W Absence of nucleus Y X W X Z

The diagram shows the structure of a leaf.

Which of the following identifies a cell, a tissue and an organ? Cell 3 1 2 4 Tissue 2 4 3 1 Organ 4 3 1 2

A B C D 3.

The diagram below shows an animal cell. 2

What are the functions of W, X, Y and Z? A W Synthesis of polypeptides Synthesis of polypeptides Synthesis of steroids Release energy in respiration X Modifications and packing of proteins for secretion Synthesis of steroids Synthesis of polypeptides Modifications and packing of proteins for secretion Y Release energy in respiration Release energy in respiration Secretion of enzymes out of the cell Secretion of enzymes out of the cell Z secretion of proteins out of the cell secretion of enzymes out of the cell Release energy in respiration Synthesis of polypeptides

B C D

4.

An experiment is set up as shown below. The water outside the visking tubing is 3

tested for starch and sugar at the beginning and 30 minutes later. The results obtained are shown in the table below.

Reagent Benedicts solution Iodine solution

Water tested immediately Blue solution Brown solution

Water tested 30 minutes later Orange-red precipitate Brown solution

Which of the following conclusion(s) can be drawn from this experiment? i) The Visking tubing is partially permeable. ii) Saliva can diffuse through the Visking tubing. iii) Saliva converts starch to a reducing sugar. iv) Starch molecules can diffuse through the Visking tubing. A B C D 5. i only i and iii only i, ii and iii only ii and iv only

Some plant cells, containing a red pigment, are placed in a solution with the same water potential as its cell sap. The solution remains colourless after 30 minutes. When the solution is warmed gradually, the solution becomes red. Which statement explains this? A B C D The pigment molecules gain enough energy and diffuse out of the cells. The pigment becomes more soluble with increase in temperature The cell membrane ruptures. The cell walls burst.

6.

A packet of food contains the nutrients sucrose and fats. Which of the following

shows the correct results when food tests are conducted? A B C D 7. Biuret Test Blue mixture Blue mixture Purple mixture Purple mixture Benedicts Test Blue mixture Orange precipitate Orange precipitate Blue mixture Fat Emulsion Test White emulsion Clear emulsion Clear mixture Clear mixture

The diagram shows one example of enzyme action as demonstrated by the Lock and Key hypothesis.

From the diagram, which of the above X, Y or Z represents the substrate? A B C D 8. X Y Z Y and Z

The diagrams represent an enzyme molecule and its substrate. Which diagram shows these molecules after they are heated to 80oC? A

9.

The diagram shows certain organs in the abdomen.

A B C

Where is bile active?

10.

Why does emphysema cause severe breathlessness? A B C D The alveoli are coated with tar. Excessive mucus is produced. Lumps block diffusion of gases. Surface area : volume ratio for gaseous exchange is reduced.

11.

Refer to the diagram below for question 11 and 12. An experiment was carried out to measure the grasshoppers rate of respiration.

The rise in the level of coloured liquid after 30 minutes indicates that the __________________ . A B C D 12. Grasshopper is taking in oxygen Sodium hydroxide is absorbing oxygen Grasshopper is giving out carbon dioxide Sodium hydroxide is releasing carbon dioxide

After 30 minutes, the coloured liquid was returned to its original level by depressing the syringe plunger from X to Y. It can be concluded that, the grasshoppers rate of respiration is .. A B C D 0.2ml/h 0.4 ml/h 0.8 ml.h 1.0 ml/h

13.

Which diagram shows the most efficient respiratory surface? A blood capillary

alveolus

14.

Which of the following events will lead to an increase in the pressure in the thoracic cavity? diaphragm A. B. C. D. contract contract relax relax external intercostal muscle contract relax relax contract

15.

The diagram below shows part of a tissue. The arrows show the movement of fluids. At which point is the pressure the highest?
lymph vessel

capillary capillary tissue cells

16.

What is the type of blood vessel found at X? A

X Not drawn to scale A B C D Artery Ateriole Venule Vein

17.

The graph below shows changes in the pressure of the left side of the heart during a single heartbeat. Between points W and X are the following valves open or closed?

X
pressure in atrium

pressure/kPa

pressure in ventricle pressure in aorta

time/s

A B C D 18.

Atrio-ventricular valves closed closed open open

Semi-lunar valves open closed open closed

The picture below shows the blood capillaries of a normal person and a person suffering from sickle cell anaemia. Blood vessel

Normal red blood cell

Sickle cell Which of the following are likely consequences of having sickle cell anaemia? i Oxygen deprivation by cells and tissues due to obstruction of blood flow. 10

ii Pale looking iii The heart got to work harder to pump blood. iv Blood transfusion may be necessary. A B C D 19. i and ii only i, ii and iii only i, ii and iv only All of the above

The active ingredient in a pesticide inhibits the synthesis of the plasma protein prothrombin in the liver. The pesticide mostly kills the pest by__________. A B C D slowing the clotting process after internal bleeding causing the accumulation of urea in the blood preventing the regulation of blood glucose level stimulating the breakdown of red blood cells

20.

Which of the following is an example of excretion? A The release of insulin from the pancreas. B The release of urea from the liver. C The removal of carbon dioxide from the lungs. D The removal of faeces from the digestive system. The graph shows temperature changes in a healthy persons body.

21.

At which time A, B, C or D would the person shiver?

22.

The diagram below shows the kidney and three blood vessels associated with it. Where will urea be found in the highest concentration?

11

to vena cava

from aorta

to bladder A B C D 23. Z only X and Y X aand Z X, Y and Z

A person walks into an air conditioned room. Shortly afterwards the hairs on their hairs on their skin are raised. Which labelled structure is included in the first stage of this reflex? B C A D

24.

Which of the following is the response by the body when a large volume of water is drank in a short period of time? 12

Endocrine gland A B C D 25. Hypothalamus Hypothalamus Pituitary gland Pituitary gland

Hormone More ADH Less ADH More ADH Less ADH

Response by kidney tubule Less permeable More permeable Less permeable Less permeable

Urine formed Diluted Diluted Diluted Diluted

A child frightened by a loud noise, ran towards his mother. Which gland helps in this response? A Pancreas B Hypothalamus C Adrenal gland D Pituitary gland Which of the following describes how the body is cooled down during sweating? A sweat glands secrete sweat onto the surface of the skin B sweat on the skin surface absorbs heat C sweat wiped off from the skin surface D sweat evaporates from the skin surface The diagram below shows the front part of the eye. Which changes take place in the eye when a person looks up from reading a book to look at an approaching bus.

26.

27.

Ciliary muscle Len s Suspensory ligaments

A B

Ciliary muscle contract contract

Suspensory ligaments taut slacken

Lens thin thick

13

C D 28.

relax relax

taut slacken

thin thick

In which of the labelled structures below does the pollen tube starts to develop?

C D A

29.

Which part of the pea flower should a farmer remove to prevent self-pollination of his pea plants? A anthers B stigma C petals D ovule An experiment was set up using four groups of insect-pollinated flowers in a field. In each group different parts of the flowers were removed, as shown in the table below, and insects were allowed to visit all the flowers freely. Which group of flowers, A, B, C or D, would produce the most seeds?

30.

Group of flowers A. B. C. D.

Stigma Remain Remain Removed Removed

Anthers Removed Remain Remain Removed

Petals Remain Remain Removed Remain

14

31.

The diagram shows a side view of the structures in the lower abdomen of a woman. In which region will fertilisation and implantation occur?

Fertilisation A B C D 2 4 4 5

Implantation 1 1 2 1

32.

Vasectomy is a permanent male sterilisation method. In this minor surgery, some tubes are tied and cut in the male reproductive system. This prevents the male gametes from leaving the body of the man. At which point does the surgeon make the cut in the diagram below?

15 B A

33.

C The diagram below shows a fetus developing in a uterus. Which structures remove excretory products from the fetus? R

A B C D 34.

P and Q Q and R R and S S and P

When is the sex of the baby determined? A During ovulation B After a few mitotic divisions in the embryo C At the moment of fertilisation D When the embryo is implanted Which of the following about HIV is true? I. HIV infection will result in AIDs in a few days. II. The use of contraception will reduce the risk of HIV infection III. HIV attacks the white blood cells IV. Placenta acts as a barrier to prevent HIV from entering the bloodstream of the fetus. 16

35.

V. Sharing drinks and toilet seats with a HIV infected increases the risk of HIV infection. A III only B I and III only C II and III only D All of the above

36.

A variety of turtles has an inherited condition that affects the thickness of the shells. SxSx have thick shells SxSm have brittle and thin shells SmSm do not survive Two heterozygous turtles are mated. What is the probability that a turtle of the next generation is a heterozygote? A 0 B 0.25 C 0.50 D 0.67

37.

A man has a recessive gene on all his X chromosomes. What is the probability of this gene being present to his first daughter? A 25% B 50% C 75% D 100% In peas, the alleles S, for smooth seeds is dominant over s for wrinkled seeds. 400 heterozygous plants were self-pollinated and 1500 smooth seeds were collected. How many wrinkled seeds were collected? A 6000 B 500 C 375 D 100 Variations which can be inherited may arise from two identical pure breeding parents as a result of A improved culture techniques B new pruning methods C natural mutations D natural selections

38.

39.

17

40.

Which of the following shows the correct arrangement for the component in a nucleotide?

18