___________________SECTION 21 - TRANSMISSION - CHAPTER 1 _______________

SECTION 21 - TRANSMISSION Chapter 1 - Operation and Overview CONTENTS Section 21 000 Description Page Specifications.................................................................................2 Powershift Transmission ................................................................2 Gear Ratios ...................................................................................2 Ground Speed................................................................................3 Electrical System...........................................................................5 Description of Operation ...............................................................6 Transmission Housing ...................................................................7 Powershift Transmission Controls ..................................................8 Digital Display ...............................................................................8 Inching Pedal.................................................................................9 Starting the Engine and Moving Forward ................................... 10 Starting the Engine and Moving in Reverse .................................11 Shuttle Operations ..................................................................... 12 21-1

SECTION 21 - TRANSMISSION - CHAPTER 1SECTION 21 TRANSMISSION - CHAPTER 1 Speed Matching .......................................................................... 13 Auto Shift .................................................................................... 14 Creeper Gears (optional)............................................................. 15 Programmable Upshift - Downshift.............................................. 15 Transmission Components .......................................................... 17 Clutches...................................................................................... 17 Speed Clutches........................................................................... 17 Directional Clutches ................................................................... 21 Clutch Engagement .................................................................... 22 Troubleshooting and Diagnosis.................................................... 33

21-221-2

SECTION 21 - TRANSMISSION - CHAPTER 1 SPECIFICATIONS POWERSHIFT TRANSMISSION Type ......................................................... 16 forward and 9 reverse speed, using helical cut gears and multi-plate wet clutches. Control System ........................................ Electrohydraulic with single lever and inching pedal and Electronic Management System

GEAR RATIOS (F=Forward R=Reverse) U=Upshift ratio, D=Downshift ratio for F8 and F9 F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7 F8-U F8-D 9.144 7.737 6.612 5.772 4.884 4.174 3.546 3.000 3.033 F9-U F9-D F10 F11 F12 F13 F14 F15 F16 2.564 2.566 2.193 1.914 1.620 1.384 1.176 0.995 0.850 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10 R11 6.773 5.731 4.898 4.275 3.618 3.091 2.626 2.222 1.899

21-3

SECTION 21 - TRANSMISSION - CHAPTER 1 GROUND SPEED 8670/8670A TRANSMISSION (18.4 - 42 TIRES) FORWARD GEARS Gear Ratio 1500 engine RPM MPH (KPH ) F1 1.23 (1.98) F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7 F8 F9 F10 F11 F12 F13 F14 F15 F16 REVERSE GEARS R3 R4 R5 R6 1.46 1.70 1.95 2.30 2.71 3.18 3.76 4.40 5.14 5.89 6.96 8.14 9.59 11.3 3 13.2 5 1.66 1.97 2.30 2.64 (2.34) (2.74) (3.14) (3.71) (4.35) (5.11) (6.04) (7.07) (8.27) (9.47) (11.1 9) (13.1 0) (15.9 1) (18.2 2) (21.3 2) (2.68) (3.16) (3.70) (4.24) WITH 16X9 POWERSHIFT

1900 engine RPM MPH (KPH ) 1.56 (2.51 ) 1.85 (2.97 ) 2.16 (3.48 ) 2.48 (3.98 ) 2.93 (4.71 ) 3.43 (5.51 ) 4.03 (6.49 ) 4.77 (7.67 ) 5.58 (8.97 ) 6.52 (10.4 9) 7.47 (12.0 1) 8.82 (14.1 9) 10.33 (16.6 2) 12.16 (19.5 6) 14.37 (23.1 1) 16.81 (27.0 4) 2.11 2.49 2.92 3.34 (3.40) (4.01) (4.70) (5.38)

2100 engine RPM MP H 1.72 2.04 2.39 2.73 3.23 3.78 4.45 5.26 6.16 7.20 8.24 9.74 11.4 0 13.4 2 15.8 6 18.5 5 2.33 2.75 3.22 3.69 (KPH) (2.77) (3.28) (3.84) (4.40) (5.20) (6.08) (7.16) (8.46) (9.90) (11.58) (13.26) (15.67) (18.34) (21.59) (25.51) (29.85)

(3.75) (4.43) (5.18) (5.94)

21-4

SECTION 21 - TRANSMISSION - CHAPTER 1 R7 R8 R9 R10 R11 3.11 3.65 4.29 5.07 5.93 (5.01) (5.87) (6.90) (8.16) (9.55) 3.95 4.62 5.44 6.43 7.53 (6.36) (7.44) (8.75) (10.3 4) (12.1 1) 4.36 5.10 6.01 7.10 8.31 (7.02) (8.21) (9.67) (11.42) (13.37)

Based on rear tire 18.4 - 42

21-5

SECTION 21 - TRANSMISSION - CHAPTER 1 GROUND SPEED - 8770/8770A, 8870/8870A AND 8970/8970A WITH 16X9 POWERSHIFT TRANSMISSION (18.4-42 TIRES) FORWARD GEARS Gear Ratio 1500 engine RPM MPH (KPH ) F1 1.25 (2.01) F2 1.47 (2.37) F3 1.72 (2.77) F4 1.97 (3.18) F5 2.33 (3.75) F6 2.73 (4.39) F7 3.21 (5.17) F8 3.80 (6.12) F9 4.44 (7.15) F10 5.20 (8.36) F11 F12 F13 F14 F15 F16 5.95 7.03 8.23 9.69 11.45 13.40 (9.58) (11.3 1) (13.2 4) (15.5 9) (18.4 2) (21.5 6) (2.71) (3.20) (3.74) (4.29) (5.07) (5.93) (6.98) (8.25) (9.66) 1900 engine RPM MPH (KPH ) 1.58 (2.54) 1.87 (3.01) 2.19 (3.52) 2.50 (4.03) 2.96 (4.76) 3.46 (5.57) 4.08 (6.56) 4.82 (7.76) 5.64 (9.07) 6.59 (10.6 0) 7.55 (12.1 5) 8.92 (14.3 3) 10.44 (16.8 0) 12.29 (19.7 8) 14.52 (23.3 7) 16.99 (27.3 4) 2.13 2.52 2.95 3.38 4.00 4.67 5.50 6.50 7.61 (3.43) (4.06) (4.75) (5.44) (6.43) (7.52) (8.85) (10.46) (12.25) 2100 engine RPM MPH 1.75 2.06 2.41 2.76 3.27 3.82 4.50 5.32 6.22 7.27 8.33 9.85 11.52 13.56 16.03 18.76 (KPH) (2.81) (3.32) (3.88) (4.45) (5.26) (6.15) (7.24) (8.57) (10.00) (11.70) (13.41) (15.84) (18.54) (21.83) (25.79) (30.18)

REVERSE GEARS R3 1.68 R4 1.99 R5 2.33 R6 2.67 R7 3.15 R8 3.69 R9 4.34 R10 5.13 R11 6.00 Based on rear tire 18.4 - 42

2.36 2.78 3.26 3.73 4.41 5.16 6.07 7.18 8.40

(3.79) (4.48) (5.24) (6.00) (7.10) (8.30) (9.77) (11.55) (13.52)

21-6

SECTION 21 - TRANSMISSION - CHAPTER 1 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM COMPONENT Fuses LOCATION Main fuse panel (MFP) right side of floor Main distribution panel (MDP) right "B" post FUNCTION MFP #3 - 40 AMP main trans. power MDP #18-20 AMP trans. shift control MDP #19-20 AMP trans. shift control MDP #20- 15 AMP trans. f/r control MDP #6 dir. interrupt relay MDP #11 Trans. power relay 16 BIT micro-controller with application memory and non-volatile calibration memory 2500 OHMS resistance digital eng. speed 2500 OHMS resistance digital grnd. speed Normally closed opens at full stroke Operates pressure lamp closes at 125 PSI Variable resistance feathers MC1 and MC2 9-direct acting 1.79 OHMS operate at 100 Hz 2-modulating 1.79 OHMSMC1 &MC2 operate at 100 Hz

Relays

Main distribution panel (MDP) right "B" post Part of chassis control module (CCM) Engine speed front trans. housing Ground speed center trans. housing Inching pedal Transmission pressure transmission valve Inching pedal Transmission valve

Electronic transmission control (ETC) Speed sensors

Switches

Potentiometer Solenoids

21-7

SECTION 21 - TRANSMISSION - CHAPTER 1 DESCRIPTION OF OPERATION The powershift transmission is a 16 forward speed and 9 reverse speed hydromechanical transmission with electronic management. The term "powershift" refers to the feature of the transmission that allows gear changing, or shifting, to be performed without interruption of the power delivery to the wheels. Forward and reverse speeds are achieved by using a constant mesh system of high quality carburized helical cut gears. Power flow selection is made possible by multiplate wet clutches engaged hydraulically using an electronic control system. A cutaway view of the mechanical aspect of the transmission is shown.

21-8

SECTION 21 CHAPTER 1 TRANSMISSION HOUSING The housing is cast in three major parts - a front housing, 1; a center section, 2; and a rear housing, 3. Access to the internal components is only possible by separating the rear housing from the center section, and then removing the center section from the front housing. The transmission must be completely removed from the tractor for all disassembly procedures involving the internal components.

TRANSMISSION

The front housing contains the primary speed components, 1, that provide the first 9 speeds in their initial stages. In addition, it provides support on its forward face for the front bearings of these components. The center section provides support for the rear bearings of these components and has attached to it the main hydraulic control valve housing. This center section also acts as the oil circuit distributor. All circuits are drilled and routed to the various components through this item. Additionally, the forward bearings of the components in the rear housing are supported by this center section. The rear housing contains the components providing two forward range and reverse speeds, 2. This housing also provides support for the rear bearings of these components. The transmission housing together with the rear axle center housing form a common oil reservoir.

21-9

SECTION 21 CHAPTER 1

TRANSMISSION

POWERSHIFT CONTROLS

TRANSMISSION

NOTE: 70 Series art shown in Figure 4. The powershift transmission is operated by a single control lever, 1. Because the transmission has only one control lever, it is extremely easy to use. NOTE: The control lever is equipped with a neutral lock button, 2. The control lever may only be moved to the forward or reverse position if the neutral lock button on the control lever knob is depressed. Neutral may be selected without depressing the neutral lock button. In place of the usual clutch pedal is an inching pedal. The powershift transmission control lever is used to select forward or reverse travel and to change transmission speeds. Move the lever forward for forward travel and rearward for reverse travel. The powershift transmission control lever is also used to make instantaneous upward or downward gear ratio changes. Nudge the lever to the right for upward changes and to the left for downward changes. In this context, "nudge" means move the lever and then release. Consecutive gear ratio changes may be made, either by nudging the lever 21-10

SECTION 21 CHAPTER 1 several times or by holding the lever to the left or right and allowing the transmission to shift through the gear ratios automatically. IMPORTANT: The powershift transmission should not be towed other than to remove it from the field or onto a transporter. Do not attempt to tow-start the tractor. See "Starting the Tractor with Jumper Leads" in this section of the manual.

TRANSMISSION

DIGITAL DISPLAY The function of the LCD display, 1, indicates which gear is selected and whether the transmission is in forward (F), neutral (N), or reverse (R).

21-11

INCHING PEDAL The inching pedal, 1, is installed in place of the clutch pedal found on tractors with a conventional transmission. The inching pedal operates like a clutch for safe, accurate positioning of the tractor when hitching up implements or operating in confined spaces. Optimum inching control, particularly with heavy loads, is achieved in the lowest ratios (F1 and R3). The degree of inching control gradually diminishes as higher gear ratios are selected up to 10th speed. At gear ratios higher than 10th, the electronic management system takes over to protect the system from abuse. IMPORTANT: To ensure maximum transmission life, avoid using the inching pedal as a footrest or "riding" the pedal. Use of the inching pedal is only necessary if the low gears are not slow enough at moderate/low engine speeds to give precise control for operations such as implement attachment. When using the inching pedal, particularly at high engine speeds, avoid stalling the engine. Lubrication of the transmission ceases under stall conditions and is detrimental to the transmission. The inching pedal may also be used to automatically select a gear ratio to match load, engine speed, and road conditions. See "Speed Matching" later in this section. To stop the tractor in an emergency, depress the inching pedal and apply both foot brakes together. The inching pedal is not required for normal gear changes.

STARTING THE ENGINE AND MOVING FORWARD There are two methods: 1. Preselect A Forward Gear Ratio Before Moving Start the engine with the speed control lever in neutral (the digital display will show "N5"). Nudge or hold the control lever to the right and allow the transmission to select any speed ratio between 5th and 10th as shown in the display (10th speed is the highest available speed for moving from a standstill). To start in a speed ratio below 5th, nudge or hold the control lever to the left and allow the display to change sequentially from 5th down to 1st. After the desired gear ratio is selected, increase engine speed, as required, by means of the throttle. Depress the neutral lock button and move the control lever forward. To increase tractor speed, open the throttle further and/or continue to nudge or hold the control lever to the right to select a higher speed ratio. To decrease speed, close the throttle and/or move the control lever to the left to select a lower gear ratio. 2. Powershift Forward Gear Ratios While Moving With the engine running, depress the neutral lock button and move the control lever forward (the digital display will show "F5" and the tractor will start to move forward). Increase engine speed and/or move the control lever to the right and allow the transmission to run through the gear ratios until the desired operating speed is achieved. To further increase tractor speed, open the throttle more and/or continue to hold the control lever to the right to select a higher ratio. To decrease speed, close the throttle and/or hold the control lever to the left to select a lower ratio.

SECTION 21 - TRANSMISSION - CHAPTER 1SECTION 21 TRANSMISSION - CHAPTER 1 STARTING THE ENGINE AND MOVING IN REVERSE As with forward travel, there are two methods: 1. Preselect a Reverse Gear Ratio Before Moving Start the engine with the control lever in neutral (the digital display will show "N5"). Nudge or hold the control lever to the right and allow the transmission to select any gear ratio between 5th and 10th as shown in the display. Nudge the lever to the left to select 4th and 3rd. NOTE: There are nine reverse gears, the lowest shown as R3 in the digital display, the highest shown as R11. They are numbered R3 to R11 since the ground speeds correspond to the forward speeds F3 to F11. After the desired gear ratio is selected, depress the neutral lock button and move the control lever rearward. To increase speed, open the throttle further and/or hold the control lever to the right to select a higher gear ratio. To decrease speed, close the throttle and/or hold the control lever to the left to select a lower gear ratio. NOTE: If the transmission has been preprogrammed to select a different reverse from forward gear, the neutral gear selected may change when reverse gear is selected - see "Programming Reverse Gear Ratios" later in this section. 11

21-1421-14

SECTION 21 - TRANSMISSION - CHAPTER 1 2. Powershift Reverse Gear Ratios While Moving With the engine running, depress the neutral lock button and move the control lever rearward. The digital display will show "R5," provided the transmission has not been preprogrammed (see "Programming Reverse Gear Ratios" later in this section). Nudge or hold the lever to the right and allow the transmission to run through the gear ratios until the desired operating speed is achieved. To further increase tractor speed, open the throttle more and/or hold the control lever to the right to select a higher ratio. To decrease speed, close the throttle and/or move the control lever to the left to select a lower ratio. LA 5 o ^ MA R H o| ' OE M 70-226334 W o 5 J ? J ? 5 0| G o OE M

12

SHU TTLE OPE RATI ONS T o c h a n g e f r o m f o r w a r d t o r e v e r s e 21-15

SECTION 21 - TRANSMISSION - CHAPTER 1 t r a v e l , s i m p l y d e p r e s s t h e n e u t r a l l o c k b u t t o n a n d m o v e t h e c o n t r o l l e v e r f u l l y r e a r w a r d . T h i s m a y b e d o n e a t a n y 21-16 e n g i n e s p e e d a n d w i t h a n y g e a r r a t i o s e l e c t e d .

A --G e a r r a t i o s 1 , 2 a n d 1 2 1 6 i n c l u s i v e a r e n o t a v a i l a b l e i

n r e v e r s e .

-----A
WAR NING

SECTION 21 CHAPTER 1

TRANSMISSION

SPEED MATCHING When traveling on the road in 10th gear or higher, the transmission will automatically select a ratio to match the engine speed to the road speed if the following is performed: Upshift Momentarily depress the inching pedal, then decrease engine speed with the foot throttle. Release the inching pedal, then increase engine speed. The transmission will automatically select a higher ratio (provided 16th speed is not already selected) to match the lower engine speed and so maintain approximately the same road speed. NOTE: It is recommended that the hand throttle is set to maintain a minimum engine speed of 1000 RPM and the foot throttle is used when higher engine speeds are required. Downshift Decrease engine speed, then depress the inching pedal, simultaneously increasing engine speed by pressing the foot throttle further down, then release the inching pedal. The transmission will automatically select a lower gear (provided 10th gear is not already selected) to match the higher engine speed.

21-17

SECTION 21 - TRANSMISSION - CHAPTER 1SECTION 21 TRANSMISSION - CHAPTER 1 AUTO SHIFT NOTE: 70 Series art shown in Figure 15. 70A Series art shown in Figure 16. AUTO shift controls automatic speed shifting through forward gears 10 16. AUTO shift can be engaged by depressing, then releasing, the AUTO switch, 1, on the right-hand console while traveling in forward gear ratios of 10th and above at engine speeds of 1600 RPM or more.

<cu u
n/min 0 RPM

21-1817 21-18

SECTION 21 - TRANSMISSION - CHAPTER 1 15

17 21-19

SECTION 21 - TRANSMISSION - CHAPTER 1SECTION 21 - TRANSMISSION - CHAPTER 1 When AUTO shift is engaged, the LCD digital display on the dash will display an "A" for AUTO, 2, and show the gear selected, 3. When in AUTO shift, the tractor will automatically select higher gears whenever the engine speed exceeds a predetermined speed. It will select lower gears when the engine speed drops below a predetermined speed as shown.

(mr m <cuu
n/min 0 RPM

21-2017 21-20

SECTION 21 - TRANSMISSION - CHAPTER 1 To disengage AUTO shift and return to normal shifting, depress the AUTO switch, upshift, or downshift with the shift control lever. Depressing the inching pedal or selecting neutral in any gear other than 10th will also disengage AUTO shift.

17 21-21

SECTION 21 TRANSMISSION CHAPTER 1SECTION 21 TRANSMISSION - CHAPTER 1

CREEPER GEARS (OPTIONAL) Tractors can be equipped with a 10.609:1 creeper gear for extra low ground speeds. Creeper gear provides an additional 16 forward and 9 reverse gears. When in creeper gear, the transmission display on the dash will show "C" for creep, 1, and the gear ratio, 2, selected. To engage creeper gears, place the transmission in neutral, stop the tractor and depress the inching pedal. Depress the top of the creeper switch, 3, engage a gear and release the inching pedal and operate normally. To disengage the creeper gear, stop the tractor, depress the inching pedal, return the shift lever to neutral, and depress the bottom of the creeper switch. IMPORTANT: The creeper gear offers very low ground speeds. Do not use the low gearing to apply excessive draft loads to the tractor.

21-2220

21-22

SECTION 21 CHAPTER 1

TRANSMISSION

PROGRAMMABLE UPSHIFT DOWNSHIFT NOTE: 70 Series art shown in Figure 19. 70A Series art shown in Figure 20. For field use, the transmission can be programmed to upshift 1, 2, or 3 gears or downshift 1, 2, or 3 gears when switch, 1, is activated. This feature allows the operator to upshift or downshift a predetermined number of gears on row ends then return to the original gear when returning to work.

The programmable downshift should be used to reduce speeds in the field 20

21-23

SECTION 21 TRANSMISSION CHAPTER 1SECTION 21 TRANSMISSION - CHAPTER 1 for crossing rough terrain or climbing steep inclines. The UPSHIFT, DOWNSHIFT rocker switch, 1, is located beside the 3point hitch FAST RAISE/WORK switch, 2. See "3-Point Hitch Hydraulic Controls." The use of these features together allows quick turnaround at the end of the field.

21-2420

21-24

SECTION 21 - TRANSMISSION - CHAPTER 1 Upshift Up shift is activated by depressing then releasing the front of the switch. The transmission will automatically upshift the preprogrammed number of gears. The EIC dash Up-Shift lamp, 1, will illuminate and the new gear ratio will be displayed as shifts are completed. To return to the original gear ratio, depress then release the rear of the switch. The Up-Shift lamp will go out, and the tractor will downshift to the original gear. Downshift Downshift is activated by depressing then releasing the rear of the switch. The transmission will automatically downshift the predetermined number of gears. The EIC Down-Shift lamp, 2, will illuminate and the new gear ratio will be displayed as shifts are completed. To return to the original gear ratio, depress then release the front of the switch. The Down-Shift lamp will go out and the transmission will upshift to the original gear. NOTE: The programmable upshift, downshift feature only functions in forward gears. 21 T h e p r o g r a m m e d c h a n g e i n g e a r r a t i o s w i l l o c c u r w h e n e v

21-25

e r t h e f r o n t o r t h e r e a r o f t h e r o c k e r s w i t c h i s d e p r e s s e

SECTION 21 - TRANSMISSION - CHAPTER 1SECTION 21 TRANSMISSION - CHAPTER 1 d .

21-2621-26

SECTION 21 CHAPTER 1 TRANSMISSION

TRANSMISSION

COMPONENTS CLUTCHES Nine multi-plate clutches are used in conjunction with twenty-two gears. The clutches can be divided into two groups. The first group consists of six speed clutches, 1, positioned in the transmission front housing; the second group of three directional clutches, 2, are positioned in the transmission rear housing. SPEED CLUTCHES The "speed" clutches control the selection of the first nine ratios. The clutches provide the early stages of engine speed reduction. The "directional" clutches work with the speed clutches, provide a further two stages of engine speed reduction to the required final output level and additionally provide reverse direction.

21-27

SECTION 21 - TRANSMISSION - CHAPTER 1SECTION 21 TRANSMISSION - CHAPTER 1 Illustrated is a sectional view of the 3/B speed clutch assembly. Two speed clutches share a common center shaft, 6. This illustration is representative of all six speed clutches in that they are all paired and share common shafts. The only differences in these three pairs of speed clutches are the center shaft, 6, of one of them and the number of gear teeth and hub shape of the end gears, 3 and 9. The main shaft has a central gear that is precision welded to it. This weldment also provides the housings for the two multi-plate clutches. At each end of the main shaft are two free-running gears, supported by two tapered roller ball bearings, 2, or ball bearings, 8. The complete assembly is carried by a tapered roller bearing at each end, 1 and 10. All of the six speed clutches are identical. Nine internally splined, composition friction plates, 7, are carried on the hub of the end gears, and nine polished steel plates are externally splined and carried by the central housing. The clutches are hydraulically applied and spring released. The spring medium is provided by six belleville washers, 14, in each clutch. As the clutches are hydraulically applied there is automatic compensation for normal wear, eliminating any need for adjustment.

21-2821-28

SECTION 21 - TRANSMISSION - CHAPTER 1 When a clutch, 2, is applied, the respective end gear, 1, is locked to the shaft, 3, and power can be transmitted from the end gear to the center gear, or vice versa. When both clutches are actuated, power can be transmitted from end gear to end gear. The speed clutch assemblies each receive three separate oil supplies a supply for each of the two clutch actuation circuits, 4, and one common supply, 5, for lubrication and cooling of the two clutch assemblies, the bearings of the two main gears, 6, and the two support shaft bearings, 7.

The three oil supplies are controlled by an electronically managed hydraulic control valve, 1, mounted externally on the right-hand side of the center section, 2, of the threepiece main casing. Details of the hydraulic control valve and the electronic management system are covered in Chapters 3 and 4 respectively. Internal drillings, 3, in the housing center section route the oil supplies to the ends of the three pairs of speed clutches.

Bronze impregnated Teflon sealing rings, 2, are positioned in annular grooves on the shaft ends. Oil for clutch actuation is fed between the sealed grooves from the drilled passages, 1, in the center section. The center section carries serviceable steel sleeves, 3, should wear occur in this oil transfer area. The third oil supply for lubrication and cooling enters the end of the shaft from a similar drilling, 4, in the center section. Oil is transferred along the center of the shaft through axial drillings and 21-29

SECTION 21 - TRANSMISSION - CHAPTER 1SECTION 21 TRANSMISSION - CHAPTER 1 meets cross drillings connecting with the clutch piston chambers.

21-3021-30

SECTION 21 - TRANSMISSION - CHAPTER 1 26

21-31

SECTION 21 - TRANSMISSION - CHAPTER 1SECTION 21 TRANSMISSION - CHAPTER 1 Oil entering the piston chamber, 6, acts on the surface area of the piston, 3, which is sealed to the central housing, 4, and the shaft by sealing rings, 5, and moves the piston against the lube blocker washer, 7, and the six belleville washers, 8. The polished steel plates, 2, that are externally splined to the central housing, are then compressed against the composite friction plates, 9, which are internally splined to the end gears, 1. Power can be transmitted between the central gear, 4, to the end gear, 1, or vice-versa, depending on which speed is selected. Note that for some speeds both clutches within a speed clutch assembly may be engaged transferring power from one end gear to the other end gear. When the electronically managed control valve signals release of a clutch, the belleville springs, 8, return the piston, 3, to its original position, sending the exhausted oil back to the control valve and releasing the friction between the two sets of plates, 2 and 9.

21-3221-32

SECTION 21 - TRANSMISSION - CHAPTER 1

70-210-796 28 The rate and amount of pressure supplied to and released from the clutch is controlled by the electronic management system and provides smooth, progressive, and timely clutch engagements. Lubrication and cooling oil, entering the shaft at its end face, 3, is allowed to exit the shaft at various lateral drillings, 1, positioned to ensure all components are thoroughly lubricated and cooled. The lube blocker washers, 2, limits lube oil flow to the non-applied clutches to reduce drag and increase efficiency. As the piston, 4, moves, the lube blocker washer uncovers the lube port, 1, to maximize lube flow to the clutch.

21-33

SECTION 21 - TRANSMISSION - CHAPTER 1SECTION 21 TRANSMISSION - CHAPTER 1 DIRECTIONAL CLUTCHES The directional clutches F1 and F2 for forward speeds and R for reverse speeds are much heavier in construction compared with the speed clutches. The directional clutches are operating at slower revolutions and are carrying higher torque loads. All three directional clutches are similar to each other but differ from the speed clutches in that there is only one clutch system in each directional clutch assembly. The directional clutch assemblies each have a gear precision welded to the center shaft, 2, and a second free-running gear, 6, which can be connected to the shaft and its gear by the clutch. The second gear is supported by two ball bearings, 7, mounted on the common shaft. Each directional clutch is similar, only the number of teeth on the respective gears and the hub design differ. Like the speed clutches, the directional clutches receive oil supplies from the electronically managed control valve, but they only receive two supplies, one supply for the actual clutch operation, 15, and the second for lubrication and cooling, 9.

21-

SECTION 21 - TRANSMISSION - CHAPTER 1 Application of the clutch and oil routing in principle is identical to the speed clutches, oil being channelled from the control valve through the transmission housing center section to the end, 1, of the directional clutch assemblies. The F1 and R directional clutches, because of their heavier duty, feature fourteen composition internally splined friction plates and fourteen polished steel externally splined plates. The plates, pistons, snap rings, and seals are all common between both speed clutches and directional clutches, although the number of plates is increased to fourteen, and the number of belleville spring washers increased to eight. The F2 clutch and shaft assembly, 2, has larger diameter friction, 4, and steel drive plates, 5, than the F1 and reverse clutches. The F2 clutch also has a larger piston, 7, and belleville washers, 6. The F1 and Reverse directional clutches are supported between the center and rear housing on roller bearings. The F2 clutch has tapered roller bearings, 8, which are shim adjustable. The center shaft, 2, of the F2 directional clutch is utilized as the main output shaft for all forward and reverse speeds. However, the clutch is only engaged for hi range forward speeds. CLUTCH ENGAGEMENT All clutch engagement is accomplished by the solenoid operated low-pressure hydraulic valves controlled by Electronic Transmission Control module (ETC) as follows. Note the overlap of the F8 and F9 gears. The speed and directional clutch application varies for these gears depending on the operator upshifting or downshifting the tractor. UP SHIFT GEARS SPEE D 1 A 2 A 3 A 1 B 2 B 3 B 1 C 2 C 3 C 3 A 1 B 2 B 3 B 1 C 2 C 3 C 1 A 2 A 3 A 1 B 2 B 3 B 1 C 2 C 3 C DOWN SHIFT GEARS SPEE DI D R 1 A F1 2 A F1 3 A F1 1 B F1 2 B F1 3 B F1 1 C F1 1 A F2 2 A F2 3 A F2 1 B F2 2 B F2 3 B F2 1 C F2 2 C F2 3 C F2

GEA R F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7 F8 F9 F10 F11 F12 F13 F14 F15 F16 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10 R11

DI R F1 F1 F1 F1 F1 F1 F1 F1 F1 F2 F2 F2 F2 F2 F2 F2 R R R R R R R R R

21-35

SECTION 21 - TRANSMISSION - CHAPTER 1 1

70-220-799 31 First Gear Forward 2. Clutch 1 locks the adjacent end gear to its center shaft gear assembly and clutch A locks 1. With1st speed selected, clutch 1 and clutch A are the hydraulically applied.

21-36

SECTION 21 - TRANSMISSION - CHAPTER 1

adjacent end gear to its center shaft.

21-37

SECTION 21 - TRANSMISSION - CHAPTER 1 3

70-220-801 33 Third Gear Forward 1. With 3rd speed selected, clutch 3 and clutch
are applied locking their end gears to their A

shaft. respective shaft gear assemblies.

2. Power flows are as shown. 3. Power is transmitted to the rear housing by the two gear cluster and transfer

21-38

SECTION 21 - TRANSMISSION - CHAPTER 1 Fifth Speed Selected 1. With speeds 4, 5 or 6 selected, clutch B is hydraulically engaged locking the adjacent end gear to the center shaft gear assembly. 2. Application of clutches 1, 2 and 3 with clutch B engaged provides speeds 4, 5 and 6 respectively. 3. Power flow in 5th speed is illustrated. 4. The power flow through clutch B end gear to the two gear cluster decreases the drive reduction compared to the power flow through clutch A. Therefore, the speeds using clutch B are increased compared to the speeds using clutch A. 5. Power is transmitted to the rear housing by the two gear cluster and transfer shaft.

21-39

SECTION 21 - TRANSMISSION - CHAPTER 1 8

70-220-803 _____________________________| Seventh Speed Selected 35 1. With speeds 7, 8 and 9 selected 6. The power flow through clutch C and during upshifts, clutch C is its end gear direct to the two gear hydraulically engaged locking the cluster decreases the drive adjacent end gear to the center reduction compared to the power shaft gear assembly. flow through clutch B. Therefore, the 2. Application of clutches 1, 2 and 3 speeds using clutch C are increased compared to speeds using clutch B. 7. Power is transmitted to the rear housing by the two gear cluster and transfer shaft. 3. Power flow in 8th speed is illustrated.

21-40

F1 (1-9)

70-220-804 36 Engagement of Gears F1-F9 3. Power flows are as indicated; low speed range is achieved by the three stages of reduction 8. The F1 directional clutch is engaged for upshift between the transfer gear and output shaft gear. speeds 1-9 and downshift gears 7-1. 9. With the clutch engaged, the shaft gear assembly is locked to the end gear.

Engagement of Gears F8-F16 10. The F2 directional clutch is engaged for upshift speeds 10-16 and downshift gears 16-8. 11. With the clutch engaged, the end gear is locked to the output shaft and gear. 12. Power flows as shown from the transfer gear directly to the locked F2 clutch end gear and output shaft. 13. The higher speed range is achieved by only one stage of reduction between the transfer gear and output shaft.

R (R3-R11)

SECTION 21 - TRANSMISSION - CHAPTER 1SECTION 21 - TRANSM

70-220-806

21-4421-44

SECTION 21 - TRANSMISSION - CHAPTER 1 38 Engagement of Gears R3-R11 14. The reverse directional clutch is engaged for reverse speeds (R3-R11). 15. With the clutch engaged, the end gear is locked to the shaft gear assembly. 16. Power flows are as indicated. 17. The reverse speed range is achieved by two stages of reduction between the transfer gear and output shaft; the output shaft rotation is also reversed. 18. The reverse speeds (R3-R11) are matched to forward speeds F3-F11.

21-45

SECTION 21 TRANSMISSION CHAPTER 1SECTION 21 TRANSMISSION - CHAPTER 1 All gear teeth and speed ratios are detailed as follows: F=Forward R=Revers e U=Upshift ratio D=Downshift ratio for F8 and F9 F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7 F8-U F8-D F9-U F9-D F10 F11 F12 F13 F14 F15 F16 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10 R11 9.144 7.737 6.612 5.772 4.884 4.174 3.546 3.000 3.033 2.564 2.566 2.193 1.914 1.620 1.384 1.176 0.995 0.850 6.773 5.731 4.898 4.275 3.618 3.091 2.626 2.222 1.899

21-4621-46

SECTION 21 CHAPTER 1 Torque Limiting Clutch The torque limiting clutch provides protection to the engine and transmission driveline components in the event of shock loading or transmission malfunction causing a lockup condition. The clutch "disc" consists of a friction lining attached to spring damper hub. The disc is clamped inside the pressure plate and bolted to the flywheel. Drive is transmitted from the torque limiting clutch to the transmission input gear by the input shaft.

TRANSMISSION

PTO Drive The power take-off driveline is driven directly from the engine. Drive from the engine is transmitted through the torque limiting clutch to the input gear, 1, in the front housing. The PTO drive shaft, 2, is splined into the input gear, 1, which transmits live power to the hydraulic gear drive splines, 3, and on to the PTO clutch pack located in the rear axle housing.

21-47

SECTION 21 - TRANSMISSION - CHAPTER 1SECTION 21 TRANSMISSION - CHAPTER 1 TROUBLESHOOTING AND DIAGNOSIS PROBLEM Tractor won't move after starting Poor inching control when using inching pedal POSSIBLE CAUSE Flashing "F" "R" "P" "U" or "d" Transmission operation performed out of sequence Transmission clutches out of calibration Clutch potentiometer Clutch spring CORRECTION Return shift control lever to neutral and release parking brake. See "Operator Prompts." Recalibrate transmission clutches F1, F2 and R. See "Hydraulic Components," Chapter 5. Replace the clutch potentiometer. Replace the clutch spring. See "Fault Codes" Electrical System, Section 55, Chapter 2. Fill system with oil. See "Hydraulic Components," Chapter 5. Replace filter. Compare working gears to clutch apply chart (Chapter 5) to determine faulty solenoid. Compare non-working gears to clutch apply chart (Chapter 5) to determine faulty clutch.

Transmission will not operate Low transmission oil pressure warninglampon Transmission filter lamp on Tractor drives in limited gears Tractor stalls in limited gears

Fault code displayed indicating malfunction Low oil supply Clogged transmission oil filter One or more solenoids in operation More than 3 clutches engaged at one time

21-4821-48

SECTION 21 - TRANSMISSION - CHAPTER 1

21-49