4.93 MSC Physics Sem I, II, III, IV

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AC29/4/2013
Itemno.4.93
UniversityofMumbai
SyllabusforSemestersItoIV
ProgramM.Sc
CoursePhysics
(CreditbasedSemesterandGradingsystem
Witheffectfromtheacademicyear201213)

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CourseStructure&DistributionofCredits.
M. Sc. in Physics Program consists of total 16 theory courses, total 6 practical lab
courses and 2 projects spread over four semesters. Twelve theory courses and four practical
lab course will be common and compulsory to all the students. Four theory courses can be
chosenfromtheelectivecoursesofferedbytheinstitute.TwoLabcoursescanbechosenfrom
theelectivelabcoursesofferedbytheinstitute.Eachtheorycoursewillbeof4(four)credits,a
practicallabcoursewillbeof4(four)creditsandaprojectwillbeof4(four)credits.Aproject
can be on theoretical physics, experimental physics, applied physics, development physics,
computational physics or industrial product development. A student earns 24 (twenty four)
creditspersemesterandtotal96(ninetysix)creditsinfoursemesters.Thecoursestructureis
asfollows,
TheoryCourses
Paper1 Paper2 Paper3 Paper4
SemesterI Mathematical
Methods
Classical
Mechanics
Quantum
MechanicsI
SolidState
Devices
SemesterII Advanced
Electronics
Electrodynamics Quantum
MechanicsII
SolidState
Physics
SemesterIII Statistical
Mechanics
NuclearPhysics ElectiveCourse ElectiveCourse
SemesterIV Experimental
Physics
Atomicand
MolecularPhysics
ElectiveCourse ElectiveCourse
PracticalLabcourses
SemesterI LabCourse1 Lab Course2
SemesterII LabCourse3 Lab Course4
SemesterIII Project1 Elective LabCourse1
SemesterIV Project2 Elective LabCourse2
The elective theory courses offered by PG Centers will be from the following list: 1;
NuclearStructure2;ExperimentalTechniquesinNuclearPhysics3;Electronicstructureofsolids
4; Surfaces and Thin Films 5; Microcontrollersand Interfacing 6; Embedded systems and RTOS
7;SignalModulationandTransmissionTechniques8;MicrowaveElectronics,RadarandOptical
Fiber Communication 9; Semiconductor Physics 10; Thin Film Physics and Techniques 11;
Fundamentals of Materials Science 12; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology 13; Astronomy and
Space Physics 14; Laser Physics 15; Group Theory 16; Applied Thermodynamics 17; Quantum
FieldTheory18;NuclearReactions19;ParticlePhysics10;PropertiesofSolids21;Crystalline&
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Noncrystalline solids 22; Advanced Microprocessor and ARM7 23; VHDL and communication
Interface 24; Digital Communication Systems and Python Programming 25; Computer
Networking26;PhysicsofSemiconductorDevices27;SemiconductorTechnology28;Materials
and their applications 29; Energy Studies 30; Galactic & Extragalactic Astronomy 31; Plasma
Physics32;LiquidCrystals33;NumericalTechniques34;PolymerPhysics.Onlysomeelectives
willbeofferedbyeachPGcentre.Everyyeardifferentelectivesmaybeoffereddependingon
theavailabilityofexpertsinPGcenters.
SemesterI
M.Sc. in Physics Program for SemesterI consists of four theory courses and two
practicalcourses.Thedetailsareasfollows:
TheoryCourses(4): 16hoursperweek(Onelectureofonehourduration)
TheoryPaper Subject Lectures(Hrs.) Credits
PSPH101 Mathematical
Methods
60 04
PSPH102 ClassicalMechanics 60 04
PSPH103 QuantumMechanicsI 60 04
PSPH104 SolidStateDevices 60 04
Total 240 16
Practicallabcourses(2): 16hoursperweek
PracticalLabCourse PracticalLabSessions(Hrs) Credits
PSPHP101 120 04
PSPHP102 120 04
Total 240 08
SemesterII
M.Sc. in Physics Program for SemesterII consists of four theory courses and two
practicalcourses.Thedetailsareasfollows:
TheoryCourses(4): 16hoursperweek(Onelectureofoneweekduration)
TheoryPaper Subjects Lectures(Hrs.) Credits
PSPH201 AdvancedElectronics 60 04
PSPH202 Electrodynamics 60 04
PSPH203 QuantumMechanicsII 60 04
PSPH204 SolidStatePhysics 60 04
Total 240 16
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PracticalLabCourse PracticalLabSessions(Hrs.) Credits
PSPHP201 120 04
PSPHP202 120 04
Total 240 08
SemesterIII
M.Sc. in Physics Program for SemesterIII consists of four theory courses, one practical
courseandoneProject.Thedetailsareasfollows:
TheoryPaper Subjects Lectures(Hrs) Credits
PSPH301 StatisticalMechanics 60 04
PSPH302 NuclearPhysics 60 04
* ElectiveCourse 60 04
Total 240 16
*: To be chosen from the list below with oddeven number combination. Odd numbered
coursewillbepaper3andevennumberedcoursewillbepaper4.

PSPHET301 NuclearStructure 60 04
PSPHET302 NuclearReactions 60 04
PSPHET303 Electronicstructureofsolids 60 04
PSPHET304 SurfacesandThinFilms 60 04
PSPHET305 MicrocontrollersandInterfacing 60 04
PSPHET306 EmbeddedsystemsandRTOS 60 04
PSPHET307 SignalModulationandTransmission
Techniques
60 04
PSPHET308 MicrowaveElectronics,Radarand
OpticalFiberCommunication
60 04
PSPHET309 SemiconductorPhysics 60 04
PSPHET310 ThinFilmPhysicsandTechniques 60 04
PSPHET311 FundamentalsofMaterialsScience 60 04
PSPHET312 Nanoscience&Nanotechnology 60 04
PSPHET313 Galactic&ExtragalacticAstronomy 60 04
PSPHET314 PlasmaPhysics 60 04
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PSPHET315 GroupTheory 60 04
PSPHET316 AppliedThermodynamics 60 04
PSPHET317 QuantumFieldTheory 60 04
Project(1): 8hoursperweek
Project Course TotalProjectperiod
(Hrs.)
Credits
PSPHP301 Project1 120 04
PracticalLabCourse Course PracticalLabSessions
(Hrs.)
Credits
PSPHPAP302 AdvancedPhysicsLab1 120 04
SemesterIV
M.Sc. in Physics Program for SemesterIV consists of four theory courses, one practical
courseandoneProject.Thedetailsareasfollows:
PSPH401 ExperimentalPhysics 60 04
PSPH402 AtomicandMolecular
Physics
60 04
Total 240 16
*: To be chosen from the list below with oddeven number combination. Odd numbered
coursewillbepaper3andevennumberedcoursewillbepaper4.

PSPHET401 ExperimentalTechniquesinNuclear
Physics
60 04
PSPHET402 ParticlePhysics 60 04
PSPHET403 Crystalline&Noncrystallinesolids 60 04
PSPHET404 PropertiesofSolids 60 04
PSPHET405 AdvancedMicroprocessorandARM7 60 04
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PSPHET406 VHDLandcommunicationInterface 60 04
PSPHET407 DigitalCommunicationSystemsand
PythonProgramming
60 04
PSPHET408 ComputerNetworking 60 04
PSPHET409 PhysicsofSemiconductorDevices 60 04
PSPHET410 SemiconductorTechnology 60 04
PSPHET411 Materialsandtheirapplications 60 04
PSPHET412 EnergyStudies 60 04
PSPHET413 AstronomyandSpacePhysics 60 04
PSPHET414 LaserPhysics 60 04
PSPHET415 LiquidCrystals 60 04
PSPHET416 NumericalTechniques 60 04
PSPHET417 PolymerPhysics 60 04
Project(1): 8hoursperweek
Project TotalProjectperiod(Hrs) Credits
PSPHP401 120 04
PracticalLabCourse Subject PracticalLabSessions
(Hrs)
Credits
PSPHPAP402 AdvancedPhysicsLab2 120 04
The candidate shall be awarded the degree of Master of Science in Physics (M. Sc. in
Physics) after completing the course and meeting all the evaluation criteria. The Elective
CourseTitleswillappearinthestatementofmarks.Whentheelectivecoursesarechosenfrom
aparticularspecialization,thestatementofmarksshallalsocarryanameofthespecializations
as stated below. Courses selected at third semester for a particular specialization are pre
requisitesforcoursesinfourthsemesterforthatspecialization.
No. GroupofElectiveCourses
chosen
Nameappearinginthe
StatementofMarks
Nameappearinginthe
DegreeCertificate
1 PSPHET301,PSPHET302
PSPHET401,PSPHET402
M.Sc.inPhysics(Nuclear
Physics)
M.Sc.inPhysics
PSPHET403,PSPHET404
M.Sc.inPhysics(Solid
StatePhysics)
M.Sc.inPhysics
3 PSPHET305,PSPHET306 M.Sc.inPhysics M.Sc.inPhysics
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PSPHET405,PSPHET406 (ElectronicsI)
PSPHET407,PSPHET408
M.Sc.inPhysics
(ElectronicsII)
M.Sc.inPhysics
PSPHET409,PSPHET410
M.Sc.inPhysics(Solid
StateElectronics)
M.Sc.inPhysics
PSPHET411,PSPHET404
M.Sc.inPhysics
(MaterialsScience)
M.Sc.inPhysics
PSPHET411,PSPHET412
M.Sc.inPhysics
(MaterialsforEnergy
Technology)
M.Sc.inPhysics
8 Anyothercombinationof
courses
M. Sc. inPhysics M.Sc.inPhysics
2.SchemeofExaminationandPassing:
1. Thiscoursewillhave40%TermWork(TW)/InternalAssessment(IA)and60%external
(University written examination of 2.5 Hours duration for each course paper and
practical examination of 4 Hours duration for each practical). All external examinations
willbeheldattheendofeachsemesterandwillbeconductedbytheUniversityasper
theexistingnorms.
2. Term Work / Internal Assessment IA (40%) and University examination (60%) shall
have separate heads of passing. For Theory courses, internal assessment shall carry 40
marksandSemesterendexaminationshallcarry60marksforeachTheoryCourse.
3. Topass,astudenthastoobtainminimumgradepointE,andaboveseparatelyintheIA
andexternalexamination.
4. TheUniversity(external)examinationforTheoryandPracticalshallbeconductedatthe
endofeachSemesterandtheevaluationofProjectworki.e.Dissertationifany,atthe
endoftheeachSemester.
5. Thecandidatesshallappearforexternalexaminationof4theorycourseseachcarrying
60 marks of 2.5 hours duration and 2 practical courses each carrying 100 marks at the
endofeachsemester.
6. The candidate shall prepare and submit for practical examination a certified Journal
basedonthepracticalcoursecarriedoutundertheguidanceofafacultymemberwith
minimumnumberofexperimentsasspecifiedinthesyllabusforeachgroup.
3.StandardofPassingforUniversityExaminations:
AsperordinancesandregulationsprescribedbytheUniversityforsemesterbasedcreditand
gradingsystem.
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4.Standardpointscaleforgrading:
Grade Marks GradePoints

O 70&above 7
A 60to69.99 6
B 55to59.99 5
C 50to54.99 4
D 45to49.99 3
E 40to44.99 2
F(Fail) 39.99&below 1
5.GradePointAverage(GPA)calculation:
1. GPA is calculated at the end of each semester after grades have been processed and
after any grade have been updated or changed. Individual assignments / quizzes /
surprisetests/unittests/tutorials/practicals/project/seminarsetc.asprescribedby
Universityareallbasedonthesamecriteriaasgivenabove.Theteachershouldconvert
hismarkingintotheQualityPointsandLetterGrade.
2. PerformanceofastudentinasemesterisindicatedbyanumbercalledSemesterGrade
PointAverage(SGPA).Itistheweightedaverageofthegradepointsobtainedinallthe
subjectsregisteredbythestudentsduringthesemester
C
i
p
i
C
i
=Thenumberofcreditsearnedinthei
th
courseofasemester.
i=1
SGPA= p
i
=Gradepointearnedinthei
th
course
C
i
i=1,2,.nrepresentsnumberofcoursesforwhichthestudentis
i=1 registered.
3 TheFinalremarkwillbedecidedonthebasisofCumulativeGradePointAverage(CGPA)
whichisweightedaverageofthegradepointobtainedinallthesemestersregisteredby
thelearner.
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C
j
p
j
C
j
=Thenumberofcreditsearnedinthej
th
courseuptothe
j=1 semester.forwhichtheCGPAiscalculated
CGPA= p
j
=Gradepointearnedinthej
th
course*
C
j
j=1,2,.nrepresentsnumberofcoursesforwhichthestudentis
j=1 registereduptothesemesterforwhichtheCGPAiscalculated.
*:AletterGradelowerthanEinasubjectshallnotbetaken
intoconsiderationforthecalculationofCGPA
TheCGPAisroundeduptothetwodecimalplaces.
M.Sc.(Physics)TheoryCourses
SemesterI
SemesterI:PaperI:
Courseno.:PSPH101:MathematicalMethods(60lectures,4credits)
UnitI
Properties of Fourier series, integral transforms, development of Fourier integrals, Fourier
transform of derivatives, convolution theorem. Laplace transforms, Laplace transform of
derivatives,InverseLaplacetransformandConvolutiontheorem.
UnitII
Matrices, Eigenvalues and Eigen vectors, Diagonalization of Matrices, Application to Physics
problems,Applicationstodifferentialequations.IntroductiontoTensorAnalysis,Additionand
SubtractionofTensors,summationconvention,Contraction,DirectProduct,LeviCivitaSymbol
UnitIII
Complex Variables, Limits, Continuity, Derivatives, CauchyRiemann Equations, Analytic
functions, Harmonic functions, Elementary functions: Exponential and Trigonometric, Taylor
and Laurent series, Residues, Residue theorem, Principal part of the functions, Residues at
poles, zeroes and poles of order m, Contour Integrals, Evaluation of improper real integrals,
improper integral involving Sines and Cosines, Definite integrals involving sine and cosine
functions.
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UnitIV
Differential Equations: Frobenius method, series solutions, Legendre, Hermite and Laguerre
polynomials, Bessel equations, Partial differential equations, separation of variables, wave
equationandheatconductionequation.Greensfunctionsinonedimension.
Mainreferences:
S.D.Joglekar,MathematicalPhysics:TheBasics,UniversitiesPress2005
S.D.Joglekar,MathematicalPhysics:AdvancedTopics,CRCPress2007
M.L.Boas,MathematicalmethodsinthePhysicalSciences,WileyIndia2006
Additionalreferences.
1. G.Arfken:MathematicalMethodsforPhysicists,AcademicPress
2. A.K.Ghatak,I.C.GoyalandS.J.Chua,MathematicalPhysics,McMillan
3. A.C.Bajpai,L.R.MustoeandD.Walker,AdvancedEngineeringMathematics,JohnWiley
4. E.Butkov,MathematicalMethods,AddisonWesley
5. J.MathewsandR.L.Walker,MathematicalMethodsofphysics
6. P.DenneryandA.Krzywicki,Mathematicsforphysicists
7. T.DasandS.K.Sharma,MathematicalmethodsinClassicalandQuantumMechanics
8. R.V.ChurchillandJ.W.Brown,Complexvariablesandapplications,VEd.McGraw.Hill,
1990
9. A.W.Joshi,MatricesandTensorsinPhysics,WileyIndia
SemesterI:PaperII:
Courseno.:PSPH102:ClassicalMechanics(60lectures,4credits)
UnitI
ReviewofNewtonslaws,Mechanicsofaparticle,Mechanicsofasystemofparticles,Frames
of references, rotating frames, Centrifugal and Coriolis force, Constraints, DAlemberts
principleandLagrangesequations,Velocitydependentpotentialsandthedissipationfunction,
Simple applications of the Lagrangian formulation. Hamiltons principle, Calculus of variations,
Derivation of Lagranges equations from Hamiltons principle, Lagrange Multipliers and
constraint exterimization Problems, Extension of Hamiltons principle to nonholonomic
systems,Advantagesofavariationalprincipleformulation,
UnitII
Conservation theorems and symmetry properties, Energy Function and the conservation of
energy.TheTwoBodyCentralForceProblem:Reductiontotheequivalentonebodyproblem,
The equations of motion and first integrals, The equivalent onedimensional problem and
classificationoforbits,Thevirialtheorem,Thedifferentialequationfortheorbitandintegrable
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powerlaw potentials, The Keplerproblem : Inverse square law of force, The motion in time in
theKeplerproblem,Scatteringinacentralforcefield,Transformationofthescatteringproblem
tolaboratorycoordinates.
UnitIII
Small Oscillations: Formulation of the problem, The eigenvalueequation and theprincipalaxis
transformation, Frequencies of free vibration and normal coordinates, Forced and damped
oscillations,Resonanceandbeats.
Legendre transformations and the Hamilton equations of motion, Cyclic coordinates and
conservationtheorems,DerivationofHamiltonsequationsfromavariationalprinciple.
UnitIV
CanonicalTransformations,Examplesofcanonicaltransformations,Thesymplecticapproachto
canonical transformations, Poissson brackets and other canonical invariants, Equations of
motion, infinitesimal canonical transformations and conservation theorems in the Poisson
bracketformulation,TheangularmomentumPoissonbracketrelations.
Main Text :Classical Mechanics, H. Goldstein, Poole and Safco, 3

rd
Edition, NarosaPublication
(2001)
AdditionalReferences:
1. ClassicalMechanics,N.C.RanaandP.S.Joag.TataMcGrawHillPublication.
2. ClassicalMechanics,S.N.Biswas,AlliedPublishers(Calcutta).
3. ClassicalMechanics,V.B.Bhatia,NarosaPublishing(1997).
4. Mechanics,LandauandLifshitz,Butterworth,Heinemann.
5. TheActionPrincipleinPhysics,R.V.Kamat,NewAgeIntnl.(1995).
6. ClassicalMechanics,VolIandII,E.A.Deslougue,JohnWiley(1982).
7. TheoryandProblemsofLagrangianDynamics,SchaumSeries,McGraw(1967).
8. ClassicalMechanicsofParticlesandRigidBodies,K.C.Gupta,WileyEastern(2001)
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SemesterI:PaperIII:
Courseno.:PSPH103:QuantumMechanicsI(60lectures,4credits)
UnitI:Theory:
Review of concepts: Analysis of the doubleslit particle diffraction experiment; the de Broglie
hypothesis; Heisenbergs uncertainty principle; probability waves. Postulates of QM:
Observables and operators; measurements; the state function and expectation values; the
timedependent Schrodinger equation; time development of state functions; solution to the
initial value problem. Superposition and Commutation: The superposition principle;
commutatorrelations;theirconnectiontotheuncertaintyprinciple;degeneracy;completesets
of commuting observables. Time development of state functions and expectation values;
conservationofenergy,linearmomentumandangularmomentum;parity.
UnitII:Formalism:
Diracnotation;Hilbertspace;Hermitianoperatorsandtheirproperties.Matrixmechanics:Basis
and representations; matrix properties; unitary and similarity transformations; the energy
representation.Schrodinger,HeisenbergandInteractionpictures.
UnitIII:Schrodingerequationsolutions:OnedimensionalProblems:
General properties of onedimensional Schrodinger equation. Particle in a box. Harmonic
oscillator.Unboundstates;onedimensionalbarrierproblems.Finitepotentialwell.
UnitIV:Schrodingerequationsolutions:ThreedimensionalProblems:
Orbital angular momentum operators in cartesian and spherical polar coordinates,
commutation and uncertainty relations, spherical harmonics. Twoparticle problem
coordinates relative to the centre of mass; radial equation for a spherically symmetric central
potential. Hydrogen atom, eigenvalues and radial eigenfunctions, degeneracy, probability
distribution.
Texts:
1. RichardLiboff,IntroductoryQuantumMechanics,4
th
ed.,2003.(RL)
2. DJGriffiths,IntroductiontoQuantumMechanics,1995.(DG)
3. AGhatak&SLokanathan,QuantumMechanics:Theory&Applications.5
th
ed.,2004.(GL)
1. WGreiner,QuantumMechanics:AnIntroduction,4
th
.ed.,2004.
2 RShankar,PrinciplesofQuantumMechanics,2
nd
ed.,1994.
3 SNBiswas,QuantumMechanics,1998.
Page 13 of 98

SemesterI:PaperIV:
Courseno.:PSPH104:SolidStateDevices(60lectures,4credits)
Note:Problemsformanintegralpartofthecourse.
UnitI:SemiconductorPhysics:
Classification of Semiconductors; Crystal structure with examples of Si, Ge & GaAs
semiconductors; Energy band structure of Si, Ge & GaAs; Extrinsic and compensated
Semiconductors; Temperature dependence of Fermienergy and carrier concentration.
Drift, diffusion and injection of carriers; Carrier generation and recombination processes
Direct recombination, Indirect recombination, Surface recombination, Auger
recombination; Applications of continuity equationSteady state injection from one side,
Minority carriers at surface, Haynes Shockley experiment, High field effects. Hall effect;
Four point probe resistivity measurement; Carrier life time measurement by light pulse
technique.Introductiontoamorphoussemiconductors,Growthofsemiconductorcrystals.
UnitII:SemiconductorDevicesI:
pn junction : Fabrication of pn junction by diffusion and ionimplantation; Abrupt and
linearly graded junctions; Thermal equilibrium conditions; Depletion regions; Depletion
capacitance, Capacitance voltage (CV) characteristics, Evaluation of impurity
distribution, Varactor; Ideal and Practical Currentvoltage (IV) characteristics; Tunneling
and avalanche reverse junction break down mechanisms; Minority carrier storage,
diffusion capacitance, transient behavior; Ideality factor and carrier concentration
measurements;Carrierlifetimemeasurementbyreverserecoveryofjunctiondiode;;pin
diode;Tunneldiode,Introductiontopnjunctionsolarcellandsemiconductorlaserdiode.
UnitIII:SemiconductorDevicesII:
Metal Semiconductor Contacts: Schottky barrier Energy band relation, Capacitance
voltage (CV) characteristics, Currentvoltage (IV) characteristics; Ideality factor, Barrier
height and carrier concentration measurements; Ohmic contacts. Bipolar Junction
Transistor(BJT):StaticCharacteristics;FrequencyResponseandSwitching.Semiconductor
heterojunctions,Heterojunctionbipolartransistors,Quantumwellstructures.
UnitIV:SemiconductorDevicesIII:
Metalsemiconductor field effect transistor (MESFET) Device structure, Principles of
operation, Current voltage (IV) characteristics, High frequency performance. Modulation
doped field effect transistor (MODFET); Introduction to ideal MOS device; MOSFET
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fundamentals, Measurement of mobility, channel conductance etc. from I
ds
vs, V
ds
and I
ds
vsV
g
characteristics.IntroductiontoIntegratedcircuits.
MainReferences:
1. S.M. Sze; Semiconductor Devices: Physics and Technology, 2
nd
edition, John Wiley,
NewYork,2002.
2. B.G.StreetmanandS.Benerjee;SolidStateElectronicDevices,5thedition,Prentice
HallofIndia,NJ,2000.
3. W.R. Runyan; Semiconductor Measurements and Instrumentation, McGraw Hill,
Tokyo,1975.
4. Adir BarLev: Semiconductors and Electronic devices, 2
nd
edition, Prentice Hall,
EnglewoodCliffs,N.J.,1984.
1. JaspritSingh;SemiconductorDevices:BasicPrinciples,JohnWiley,NewYork,2001.
2. DonaldA.Neamen;SemiconductorPhysicsandDevices:BasicPrinciples,3
rd
edition,
TataMcGrawHill,NewDelhi,2002.
3. M.Shur;PhysicsofSemiconductorDevices,PrenticeHallofIndia,NewDelhi,1995.
4. Pallab Bhattacharya; Semiconductor Optoelectronic Devices, Prentice Hall of India,
NewDelhi,1995.
5. S.M. Sze; Physics of Semiconductor Devices, 2
nd
edition, Wiley Eastern Ltd., New
Delhi,1985.

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M.Sc.(Physics)PracticalLabCourse
SemesterI
SemesterILab1
Coursenumber:PSPHP101(120hours,4credits)
GroupA
Experiment
References
1.MichelsonInterferometer AdvancedPracticalPhysicsWorsnopandFlint
2.Analysisofsodiumspectrum a).Atomicspectra H.E.White
b).ExperimentsinmodernphysicsMellissinos
3.h/ebyvacuumphotocell a). Advance practical physics Worsnop and
Flint
b). Experiments in modern physics
Mellissinos
4 Study of HeNe laserMeasurement of
divergenceandwavelength
a). A course of experiments with Laser Sirohi
b). Elementary experiments with Laser G.
white
5. Susceptibility measurement by Quincke's
method/Guoysbalancemethod
AdvancepracticalphysicsWorsnopandFlint
6.Absorptionspectrumofspecificliquids AdvancepracticalphysicsWorsnopandFlint
7.CoupledOscillation HBCSESelectioncamp2007Manual

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GroupB:
Experiment
References
1,DiacTriacphasecontrolcircuit a) Solid state devices W.D. Cooper b)

ElectronictextlabmanualP.B.Zbar
2.Delayedlinearsweepusing1C555 a)ElectronicPrinciples A.P.Malvino
3. Regulated power supply using 1C LM 317
voltageregulatorIC
a) Opeational amplifiers and linear Integrated
circuits Coughlin & Driscoll b)Practicalanalysis
of electronic circuits through experimentation
L.MacDonald
4. Regulated dual power supply using IC LM
317&1CLM337voltageregulatorICs
a) Opeational amplifiers and linear Integrated
circuitsCoughlin&Driscoll
b) Practical analysis of electronic circuits
throughexperimentationL.MacDonald
5.ConstantcurrentsupplyusingIC741 andLM
317
IntegratedCircuits K.R.Botkar
6.Activefiltercircuits(secondorder) a) Opamps and linear integrated circuit
technologyR.Gayakwad
b) Operational amplifiers and linear integrated
circuitsCoughlin&.Driscoll
7.Studyof4digitmultiplexdisplaysystem DigitalElectronics RogerTokheim
Note:Minimumnumberofexperimentstobeperformedandreportedinthejournal=06with
minimum3experimentsfromeachGroup.i.e.GroupA:03andGroupB:03

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SemesterILab2
GroupA
Experiment
References
1.Carrierlifetimebypulsedreversemethod SemiconductorelectronicsbyGibson
2.Resistivitybyfourprobemethod SemiconductormeasurementsbyRunyan
3. Temperature dependence of avalanche
andZenerbreakdowndiodes
a)Solidstatedevices W.D.Cooper
b)ElectronictextlabmanualPBZbar
c) Electronic devices & circuits Millman and
Halkias
4.DCHalleffect a)ManualofexperimentalphysicsE.V.Smith
b)SemiconductorMeasurementsRunyan
c)Semiconductorsandsolidstatephysics
Mackelvy
d)HandbookofsemiconductorsHunter
5. Determination of particle size of
lycopodium particles by laser diffraction
method
a).AcourseofexperimentswithLaser Sirohi
b). Elementary experiments with Laser G.
white
6.MagnetoresistanceofBispecimen SemiconductormeasurementsbyRunyan
7.Microwaveoscillatorcharacteristics a) Physics of Semiconductor Devices by
S.M.Sze

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GroupB:
Experiment References
1.Temperatureonoffcontroller
usingIC
a)Opampsandlinearintegratedcircuittechnologyby
Gayakwad
2.WaveformGeneratorusing
ICs
a)Operationalamplifiersandlinearintegratedcircuits
Coughlin&Driscoll
b)OpampsandlinearintegratedcircuittechnologyR.
Gayakwad
c)Opertionalamplifiers:experimentalmanualC.B.Clayton
3.Instrumentationamplifierand
itsapplications
a)Operationalamplifiersandlinearintegratedcircuits
Coughlin&.Driscoll
b)IntegratedCircuitsK.R.Botkar
4.Studyof8bitDAC a)Opampsandlinearintegratedcircuittechnology R.
Gayakwad
b)DigitalprinciplesandapplicationsbyMalvinoandLeach
5.16channeldigitalmultiplexer a)DigitalprinciplesandapplicationsbyMalvinoandLeach
b)DigitalcircuitpracticebyRPJain
6.Studyofelementarydigital
voltmeter
DigitalElectronicsbyRogerTokheim(5
th
Edition,page371)
minimum3experimentsfromeachGroup.i.e.GroupA:03andGoupB:03
Additionalreferences:
[1]DigitaltheoryandexperimentationusingintegratedcircuitsMorrisE.Levine(PrenticeHall)
[2] Practical analysis of electronic circuits through experimentation Lome Macronaid
(TechnicalEducationPress)
[3]LogicdesignprojectsusingstandardintegratedcircuitsJohnF.Waker(JohnWiley&sons)
[4] Practical applications circuits handbook Anne Fischer Lent & Stan Miastkowski (Academic
Press)
[5]Digitallogicdesign,atextlabmanualAnalaPandit(NanduprintersandpublishersPvt.Ltd.)
Note:
1. Journal should be certified by the laboratory incharge only if the student performs
satisfactorily the minimum number of experiments as stipulated above. Such students,
who do not have certified journals, will not be allowed to appear for the practical
examinations.
2. Totalmarksforthepracticalexaminations=200
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SemesterII
SemesterII:PaperI:
Courseno.:PSPH201:AdvancedElectronics(60lectures,4credits)
UnitIMicroprocessorsandMicrocontrollers:
(a)Microprocessors:IntroductiontoMicroprocessors,OrganizationofMicroprocessors,Signal
Description of Microprocessors, Instruction Sets, Programming Techniques with Additional
Instructions,CountersandTimeDelays,StackandSubroutines,PhysicalMemoryOrganization,
BusOperation,I/OAddressingCapability,ApplicationofMicroprocessors.
(b) Microcontrollers: Introduction to Microcontrollers, Embedded versus External Memory
Devices, 8bit and 16bit Microcontrollers, CISC and RISC Processors, Harvard and Von
NeumannArchitectures,CommercialMicrocontrollerDevices.MCS51Architecture,Registers
in MCS, 8051 Pin Description, Connections, I/O Ports and Memory Organization. Addressing
Modes, Instructions and Simple programmings, Stack Pointer, Assembly Language
Programming, Introduction to Atmel 89C51 & 89C2051 Microcontrollers, Applications of
Microcontrollers.
UnitIIAnalogandDataAcquisitionSystems:
(a) PowerSupplies:LinearPowersupply,SwitchModePowersupply,UninterruptedPower
Supply,StepupandStepdownSwitchingVoltageRegulators.
(b) Inverters:Principleofvoltagedriveninversion,Principleofcurrentdriveninversion,sine
waveinverter,Squarewaveinverter.
(c) SignalConditioning: OperationalAmplifier,InstrumentationAmplifierusing IC,Precision
Rectifier, Voltage to Current Converter, Current to Voltage Converter, OpAmp Based
ButterworthHigherOrderActiveFiltersandMultipleFeedbackFilters,VoltageControlled
Oscillator , Analog Multiplexer, Sample and Hold circuits, Analog to Digital Converters,
DigitaltoAnalogConverters.
UnitIIIDataTransmissions,InstrumentationsCircuits&Designs:
(a)DataTransmissionSystems:AnalogandDigitalTransmissions,PulseAmplitudeModulation,
Pulse Width Modulation, Time Division Multiplexing, Pulse Modulation, Digital Modulation,
PulseCodeFormat,Modems.
(b)OpticalFiber:Introductiontoopticalfibers,wavepropagationandtotalinternalreflection
in optical fiber, structure of optical fiber, Types of optical fiber, numerical aperture,
acceptance angle, single and multimode optical fibers, optical fiber materials and fabrication,
Page 20 of 98

attenuation, dispersion, splicing and fiber connectors, fiber optic communication system, fiber
sensor,opticalsourcesandopticaldetectorsforopticalfiber.
UnitIVInstrumentationCircuitsandDesigns:
Microprocessors/ Microcontrollers based D C motor speed controller. Microprocessors
/Microcontrollers based temperature controller. Electronic weighing single pan balance
using strain gauge/ load cell. Optical analog communication system using fiber link.
Electronicintensitymeterusingopticalsensor.IRremotecontrolledON/OFFswitch.
ReferenceBooks:
1. MicroprocessorArchitecture,ProgrammingandApplicationswiththe8085R.S.
Gaonkar,4thEdition.PenramInternational.
2. The8051MicrocontrollerandEmbeddedSystems,RajivKapadia,JaicoPublishing
House.
3. PowerElectronicsanditsapplications,AlokJain,2
nd
Edition,PenramInternational
India.
4. OpAmpsandLinearIntegratedCircuitsR.A.Gayakwad,3
rd
EditionPrenticeHall
India.
5. OperationalAmplifiersandLinearIntegratedCircuits,RobertF.CoughlinandFredericF.
Driscoll,6
th
Edition,PearsonEducationAsia.
6. OpticalFiberCommunications,Keiser,G.McgrawHill,Int.StudentEd.
7. ElectronicCommunicationSystems;4
th
.Ed.KennedyandDavis,(TataMcGraw.Hill,
2004.
8. ElectronicInstrumentation,H.S.Kalsi,TataMcGraw.Hill,1999
SemesterII:PaperII:
Courseno.:PSPH202:Electrodynamics(60lectures,4credits)
UnitI:
Maxwell's equations, The Pointing vector, The Maxwellian stress tensor, Lorentz
Transformations, Four Vectors and Four Tensors, The field equations and the field tensor,
Maxwellequationsincovariantnotation.
UnitII:
Electromagnetic waves in vacuum, Polarization of plane waves. Electromagnetic waves in
matter, frequency dependence of conductivity, frequency dependence of polarizability,
Page 21 of 98

frequency dependence of refractive index. Wave guides, boundary conditions, classification of
fieldsinwaveguides,phasevelocityandgroupvelocity,resonantcavities.
UnitIII:
Moving charges in vacuum, gauge transformation, The time dependent Green function, The
Lienard Wiechert potentials, Leinard Wiechert fields, application to fieldsradiation from a
charged particle, Antennas, Radiation by multipole moments, Electric dipole radiation,
Completefieldsofatimedependentelectricdipole,Magneticdipoleradiation
UnitIV:
RelativisticcovariantLagrangianformalism:CovariantLagrangianformalismforrelativisticpoint
charges,Theenergymomentumtensor,Conservationlaws.
MainTexts:
1.W.Greiner,ClassicalElectrodynamics(SpringerVerlag,2000)(WG).
2.M.A. Heald and J .B. Marion,ClassicalElectromagneticRadiation,3rdedition
(Saunders,1983)(HM)
1.J.D.Jackson,ClassicalElectrodynamics,4Thedition,(JohnWiley&sons)2005(JDJ)
2.W.K.H.PanofskyandM.Phillips,ClassicalElectricityandMagnetism,2ndedition,(Addison
Wesley)1962.
3.D.J.Griffiths,IntroductiontoElectrodynamics,2ndEd.,PrenticeHall,India,1989.
4. J.R. Reitz ,E.J. Milford and R.W. Christy, Foundation of Electromagnetic Theory, 4th ed.,
AddisonWesley,1993
SemesterII:PaperIII:
Courseno.:PSPH203:QuantumMechanicsII(60lectures,4credits)
UnitI:AngularMomentum:
1. Ladder operators, eigen values and eigen functions of L
2
and L
z
using spherical harmonics,
angularmomentumandrotations.
2.TotalangularmomentumJ;L.Scoupling;eigenvaluesofJ
2
andJ
z.
3.Additionofangularmomentum,ClebschGordoncoefficientsforj
1
=j
2
=1/2andj
1
=1,j
2
=1/2,
coupledanduncoupledrepresentationofeigenfunctions.
4.Angularmomentummatrices;Paulispinmatrices;spineigenfunctions;freeparticlewave
functionsincludingspin,additionoftwospins.
5.Identicalparticles:symmetric/antisymmetricwavefunctions.
Page 22 of 98

UnitII:PerturbationTheory:
1.Timeindependentperturbationtheory:Firstorderandsecondordercorrectionstonon
degenerateperturbationtheory.DegenerateperturbationtheoryFirstorderenergiesand
secularequation.
Timedependentperturbationtheoryandapplications.
UnitIII:Approximationmethods:
2.Ritzvariationalmethod:basicprinciples,illustrationbysimpleexamples.
3.WKBMethod.
UnitIV:Scatteringtheory:
Scattering cross section and scattering amplitude; partial wave phase shift optical
theorem, Swave scattering from a finite spherical attractive and repulsive potential wells;
centreofmassframe;Bornapproximation.
Texts:
1.RichardLiboff,IntroductoryQuantumMechanics,4
th
ed.,2004.(RL)
2.DJGriffiths,IntroductiontoQuantumMechanics,1995.(DG)
3.AGhatak&SLokanathan,QuantumMechanics:Theory&Applications.5
th
ed.,2004.(GL)
1.WGreiner,QuantumMechanics:AnIntroduction,4
th
.ed.,2004.
2.RShankar,PrinciplesofQuantumMechanics,2
nd
ed.,1994.
3.SNBiswas,QuantumMechanics,1998.

Page 23 of 98

SemesterII:PaperIV:
Courseno.:PSPH204:SolidStatePhysics(60lectures,4credits)
UnitI:CrystalDiffractionandReciprocalLattice:
Crystal Diffraction Methods for X rays Laue, Rotating Crystal, Powder Method. Reciprocal
LatticeandBrillouinZones.ReciprocalLatticetosc,bcc,fcc.,Scatteredwaveamplitude,Fourier
analysis of the basis ; Structure Factor of lattices (sc, bcc, fcc) ; Atomic Form Factor;
Temperaturedependenceofreflectionlines.ElasticscatteringfromSurfaces;Elasticscattering
fromamorphoussolids.
UnitII:LatticeVibrationsandthermalproperties:
Vibrations of Monoatomic Lattice, normal mode frequencies, dispersion relation. Lattice with
two atoms per unit cell, normal mode frequencies, dispersion relation., Quanization of lattice
vibrations,phononmomentum,Inelasticscatteringofneutronsbyphonons,Surfacevibrations,
Inelastic Neutron scattering. Anharmonic Crystal Interaction. Thermal conductivity Lattice
ThermalResistivity,UmklappProcess,Imperfections
UnitIII:DiamagnetismandParamagnetism:
Langevindiamagneticequation,diamagneticresponse,Quantummechanicalformulation,core
diamagnetism. Quantum Theory of Paramagnetism, Rare Earth Ions, Hunds Rule, Iron Group
ions, Crystal Field Splitting and Quenching of orbital angular momentum; Adiabatic
DemagnetisationofaparamagneticSalt,Paramagneticsusceptibilityofconductionelectrons;
UnitIV:MagneticOrdering:
FerromagneticorderExchangeIntegral,Saturationmagnetisation,Magnons,neutronmagnetic
scattering; Ferrimagnetic order, spinels, Yttrium Iron Garnets, Anti Ferromagnetic order.
Ferromagnetic Domains Anisotropy energy, origin of domains, transition region between
domains,Blochwall,Coerciveforceandhysteresis.
References:
1.CharlesKittelIntroductiontoSolidStatePhysics,7theditionJohnWiley&sons.
2.J.RichardChristmanFundamentalsofSolidStatePhysicsJohnWiley&sons
3.M.A.WahabSolidStatePhysicsStructureandpropertiesofMaterialsNarosaPublications
1999.
4.M.AliOmarElementarySolidStatePhysicsAddisonWesley(LPE)
5.H.IbachandH.Luth3
rd
editionSolidStatePhysicsAnIntroductiontoPrinciplesofMaterials
ScienceSpringerInternationalEdition(2004)
Page 24 of 98

SemesterII
SemesterIILab1
GroupA
Experiment
References
1 . Zeeman Effect using FabryPerot etalon /

LummerGehreckeplate
a).AdvancepracticalphysicsWorsnopandFlint
b).ExperimentsinmodernphysicsMellissinos
2. Characteristics of a Geiger Muller counter
andmeasurementofdeadtime
a).ExperimentsinmodernphysicsMellissionsb).
ManualofexperimentalphysicsEVSmith
c).ExperimentalphysicsforstudentsWhittle&.
Yarwood
3. Ultrasonic Interferometry Velocity
measurementsindifferentFluids
MedicalElectronics Khandpur
4. Measurement of Refractive Index of
LiquidsusingLaser
SirohiAcourseofexperimentswithHeNeLaser;
WileyEasternLtd.
5. IV/ CV measurement on semiconductor
specimen
SemiconductormeasurementsRunyan
6.DoubleslitFraunhoferdiffraction(missing
orderetc.)
AdvancepracticalphysicsWorsnopandFlint
7. Determination of Youngs modulus of
metalrodbyinterferencemethod
Advance practical physics Worsnop and Flint
(page338)
GroupB
Experiment
References
1.AddersubtractorcircuitsusingICs a) Digital principles andapplications Malvino

andLeach
b)DigitalcircuitspracticeR.P.Jain
2.StudyofPresettablecounters74190and
74193
a)Digitalcircuitpractice Jain&Anand
b) Digital principles and applications Malvino
andLeach
c)ExperimentsindigitalpracticeJain&Anand
3. TTL characteristics of totem pole, open
collectorandtristatedevices
a)Digitalcircuitspractice Jain&Anand
b) Digital principles and applications Malvino
Page 25 of 98

andLeach
4. Pulse width modulation for speed control
ofdctoymotor
ElectronicInstrumentationH.S.Kalsi
5.Studyofsampleandholdcircuit IntegratedCircuits K.R.Botkar
6.SwitchingVoltageRegulator IntegratedCircuits K.R.Botkar

Page 26 of 98

SemesterIILab2
GroupA
Experiment
References
1.Carriermobilitybyconductivity SemiconductorelectronicsGibson
2. Measurement of dielectric constant, Curie
temperature and verification of Curie Weiss
lawforferroelectricmaterial
a) Electronic instrumentation & measurement
W.D.Cooper
b) Introduction to solid state physics C. Kittel
c)SolidstatephysicsA.J.Dekkar
3.Barriercapacitanceofajunctiondiode Electronicengineering MillmanHalkias
4.LinearVoltageDifferentialTransformer ElectronicInstrumentationW.D.Cooper
5.FaradayEffectMagnetoOpticEffect
a)ToCalibrateElectromagnet
b)TodetermineVerdet'sconstantforKCI&KI
solutions.
1.ManualofexperimentalphysicsE.V.Smith
2. Experimental physics for students Whittle
&Yarwood
6.EnergyBandgapbyfourprobemethod SemiconductormeasurementsRunyan
7. Measurement of dielectric constant
(Capacitance)
a)Electronicinstrumentation&measurement
W.D.Cooper
b)IntroductiontosolidstatephysicsC.Kittel
GroupB
Experiment References
1.Shiftregisters a)ExperimentsindigitalprinciplesD.P.Leach
b)DigitalprinciplesandapplicationsMalvino
andLeach
2. Study of 8085 microprocessor Kit and
executionofsimpleProgrammes
a) Microprocessor Architecture, Programming

andApplicationswiththe8085R.S.Gaonkar
b) Microprocessor fundamentals. Schaum
SeriesTokheim
c)8085Kitusermanual
3.Waveformgenerationusing8085

b) Microprocessor fundamentals, Schaum
SeriesTokheim.
Page 27 of 98

c)8085Kitusermanual
4.SID&SODusing8085

b) Microprocessor fundamentals, Schaum
SeriesTokheim.
c)8085Kitusermanual
5.AmbientLightcontrolpowerswitch
a)ElectronicInstrumentationH.S.Kalsi
b)Helfrick&Cooper,PHI
6.InterfacingTTLwithbuzzers,relays,motors
andsolenoids.
DigitalElectronicsbyRogerTokheim
[1]DigitaltheoryandexperimentationusingintegratedcircuitsMorrisE.Levine(PrenticeHall)
[2] Practical analysis of electronic circuits through experimentation Lome Macronaid
(TechnicalEducationPress)
[3]LogicdesignprojectsusingstandardintegratedcircuitsJohnF.Waker(JohnWiley&sons)
[4] Practical applications circuits handbook Anne Fischer Lent & Stan Miastkowski (Academic
Press)
[5]Digitallogicdesign,atextlabmanualAnalaPandit(NanduprintersandpublishersPvt.Ltd.)
Note:
examinations.
2. Totalmarksforthepracticalexaminations=200
Page 28 of 98

SemesterIII
SemesterIII:PaperI:
Courseno.:PSPH301:StatisticalMechanics(60lectures,4credits)
UnitI:ClassicalStatisticalMechanics
1. Phase space and number of accessible microstates given the macrostate; Statistical
definitionofentropy;Gibbsparadoxandcorrectcountingofmicrostates.
2. Ensemble Theory: Phase space density and ergodic hypothesis; Liouville theorem;
Microcanonical ensemble; Entropy as an ensemble average; Examples of classical ideal gas,
ultrarelativisticgas,harmonicoscillators.
3. Canonical ensemble: Equilibrium between a system and an energy reservoir, Canonical
partitionfunctionandderivationofthermodynamics;Applicationstoclassicalidealgas,system
of classical and quantummechanical harmonic oscillators, ultrarelativistic ideal gas; Energy
fluctuations, Virial and equipartition theorems. Quantum systems in Boltzmann statistics
systemofquantummechanicalharmonicoscillators,paramagneticsystem.
G:5,6,7,8;P:AppendixH;seealsoH:5,6.
UnitII:QuantumStatisticalMechanics
4. Grand canonical ensemble: Equilibrium between a system and a particleenergy reservoir;
Grandpartitionfunctionandderivationofthermodynamics;Fluctuations.
5.Densityoperator,densitymatrixandquantumLiouvilleequation.Quantumstatisticalmicro
canonical,canonicalandgrandcanonicalensemblesandtheirpartitionfunctions.Examples.
6. Ideal gas in q.m. microcanonical ensemble; Statistical weights and occupation number
distributionforidealBose,FermiandMaxwellBoltzmanngases.
G:9;P:5.15.3,6.1;seealsoH:8.
UnitIII:IdealFermiandBoseSystems
7.Idealgasinq.m.canonicalandgrandcanonicalensembles;Statisticsofoccupationnumbers.
8.ThermodynamicbehaviorofanidealBosegas,phenomenonofBoseEinsteincondensation.
Thermodynamicsofblackbodyradiation.
9. Thermodynamic behavior of an ideal Fermi gas, concept of Fermi energy, behaviour of
specificheatwithtemperature.
G:12,13,14;orP:6.26.3,7.1,7.3,8.1;seealsoH:9.19.4,10,11.
UnitIV:NonEquilibriumStatisticalMechanics
10. Brownian motion: as a random walk (Einstein theory), as a diffusion process; Langevin
theoryofBrownianmotion;Fluctuationdissipationtheorem.
Page 29 of 98

11.MasterequationandFokkerPlanckequation.
12.SpectralanalysisoffluctuationstheWienerKhintchinerelations.
P:15.215.6;seealsoH:16,18.118.7.
Texts:
ThermodynamicsandStatisticalMechanics,Greiner,NeiseandStocker,Springer1995.(G)
StatisticalMechanics(3
rd
ed.),RKPathriaandPDBeale(P),Elsevier2011.(P)
IntroductiontoStatisticalPhysics,KersonHuang(H),TaylorandFrancis2001.(H)
References:
ThermalandStatisticalPhysics,FReif.
StatisticalPhysics,DAmitandWalecka.
StatisticalMechanics,KersonHuang.
StatisticalMechanics,J.K.Bhattacharjee.
NonequilibriumStatisticalMechanics,J.K.Bhattacharjee.
StatisticalMechanics,RichardFeynman.
StatisticalMechanics,LandauandLifshitz.
Thermodynamics,H.B.Callen
SemesterIII:PaperII:
Courseno.:PSPH302:NuclearPhysics(60lectures,4credits)
UnitI.(12Lectures+3Tutorials)
Overview of Nuclear Physics (including Introduction to Regulatory framework and nuclear
safety in India), Nuclear Properties, Measurement of Nuclear size and estimation of R
0
,
Deuteron system and its characteristic, Estimate the depth and size of (assume) square well
potential, introduction to Tensor force, nucleonnucleon scatteringqualitative discussion on
results,Spinorbitstronginteractionbetweennucleon,doublescatteringexperiment,The
Shell Model (extreme single particle): Introduction, Assumptions, Evidences, Spinorbit
interactions,Predictions,limitation,introductiontoNilssonModel.
*Tutorialsshouldinclude3problemsolvingsessionbasedonabovementionedtopics
UnitII.(11Lectures+4Tutorials)
Reviewofalphadecay,introductiontoBetadecayanditsenergetic,Fermitheory,Information
fromFermicurieplots,Comparativehalflives,selectionrules:FermiandGTtransitions,
Gammadecay,Multipoleradiation,Selectionruleforgammaraytransitions,Gammaray
interactionwithmatter,andChargeparticleinteractionwithmatter.
Page 30 of 98

UnitIII.(11Lectures+4Tutorials)
Conservationlaws,Typesofnuclearreaction,Qvalueequationofnuclearreaction,Centerof
Massframe,reactioncrosssections(ClassicalandQuantum),Compoundnuclearreaction,
Introduction to fission reaction, Characteristics of Fission, Energy in Fission, Controlled fission
reaction,Introductionto3stageNuclearprogrammeofIndia,IntroductiontoFusionReaction,
Characteristics of Fusion, Solar Fusion and CNO cycle, introduction to Controlled fission
reaction.
UnitIV.(11Lectures+4Tutorials)
IntroductiontotheelementaryparticlePhysics,TheEightfoldway,theQuarkModel,the
November revolution and aftermath, The standard Model, Revision of the four forces, cross
sections,decaysandresonances,IntroductiontoQuantumEletrodynamics,Introductionto
Quantum Chromodynamics. weak interactions and Unification Schemes (qualitative
description), Revision of Lorentz transformations, Fourvectors, Energy and Momentum.
PropertiesofNeutrino,helicityofNeutrino,Parity,QualitativediscussiononParityviolationin
beta decay and Wus Experiment, Charge conjugation, Time reversal, Qualitative
introductiontoCPviolationandTCPtheorem.
MainReferences:
1. IntroductiontoNuclearPhysics,KennethKrane,WileyIndiaPvt.Ltd.
2. Quantum Physics of Atoms, Molecules, Solids, Nuclei, and Particles, Robert Eisberg
andRobertResnick,Wiley(2006)
3. IntroductiontoElementaryParticles,DavidGriffith,JohnWileyandsons.
4. http://dae.nic.inorhttp://www.npcil.nic.infor3stageNuclearprogrammeofIndia.
5. http://www.aerb.gov.in/forRegulatoryframeworkandnuclearsafetyinIndia.
OtherReferences:
1. IntroductiontoNuclearPhysics,H.A.Enge,EddisonWesley
2. NucleiandParticle,E.Segre,W.ABenjamin,
3. ConceptsofNuclearPhysics,B.L.Cohen
4. SubatomicParticles,H.FraunfelderandE.Hanley,PrenticeHall
5. NuclearPhysics,ExperimentalandTheoritical,H.S.Hans,NewAgeInternational
6. IntroductiontoNuclearandParticlePhysics,A.Das&T.Ferbel,WorldScientific
7. Introductiontohighenergyphysics,D.H.Perkins,AddisonWesley
8. NuclearandParticlePhysics,W.E.BurchamandM.Jobes,AddisonWesley
Page 31 of 98

9. NuclearPhysics,S.N.Ghoshal
10. NuclearPhysicsAnIntroduction,S.B.Patel,NewAgeInternational
11. NuclearPhysicsD.C.Tayal
SemesterIII:ElectivePaperIII
Courseno.:PSPHET301:NuclearStructure(60lectures,4credits)
UNITI:MicroscopicModelsI(12lectures+3tutorials)
Experimental evidence for shell effects, Concept of average potential, Spinorbit coupling,
Singleparticle shell structure, Predictions of the independent particle shell model: spinparity,
magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole moments; Isospin, Two and Multi particle
configurations,Residualinteractions,Pairinginteractions:BCSmodel.
UNITII:MicroscopicModelsII(11lectures+4tutorials)
FermiGas Model: symmetry, surface and Coulomb energy; Deformed shell model, Nilsson
Hamiltonian, Singleparticle energies in a deformed potential, Shell corrections and the
Strutinski method, HartreeFock approximation: general variational principle, HartreeFock
equationsandapplications.
UNITIII:Collectivemodels(11lectures+4tutorials)
Liquiddropmodelandmassformulas,Fissionbarriersandtypesoffission;Parameterizationof
nuclear surface deformations, Prolate and oblate shapes, Types of multipole deformations,
RotationalstatesinaxiallysymmetricdeformedevenevenandoddAnuclei,Rotationofaxially
asymmetric nuclei, Octupole and higherorder deformations, Rotationvibration coupling in
deformednuclei:betaandgammavibrations;Giantresonances;
UNITIV:Relatedconceptsandselectedphenomena
Cranking model and its semiclassical derivation, Cranking formula and applications, Highspin
states and nucleon pair breaking at high angular momentum, Cranked Nilsson model, Yrast
states in nuclei, Nuclear Isomerism and types of isomers, Superdeformed states in nuclei,
Particleplusrotormodel:weakcouplinglimitandstrongcouplingapproximation
SuggestedReading:
1) NuclearModels,byW.GreinerandJ.A.Maruhn(Springer1996)
2) Nuclear Structure from a Simple Perspective, by R. F. Casten (Oxford University
Press1990)
3) StructureoftheNucleus,byM.A.PrestonandR.K.Bhaduri(LevantBooks2008)
4) TheNuclearManyBodyProblem,byP.RingandP.Schuck(Springer1980)
5) TheoryofNuclearStructure,byM.K.Pal(AffiliatedEastWestPress1982)
Page 32 of 98

SemesterIII:ElectivePaperIV
Courseno.:PSPHET302:NuclearReactions(60lectures,4credits)
UNITI:Basics:(12lectures+3tutorials)
1. Basicelementsofnuclearreactions:
(i) cross section (), meanfree path; definition/expression for : experimental
andtheoretical.
(ii) Use of
to calculate: Stopping length, life time modification of unstable

states in amedium, mean life of a moving particle inan interacting volume,
etc.
(iii) Conservationlaws:Energy,momentum,angularmomentum,parity,isospin.
(iv) Frameofreference:Lab.andc.m.
(v) Qvaluesandthresholdenergies.
2. Partialwavedecomposition,phaseshiftsandpartialwaveanalysisofthecrosssections
in terms of phase shifts. Behaviour of phase shifts in different situations. Black sphere
scattering.Opticaltheoremandreciprocitytheorem.Unitarily.
3. Optical potential: Basic definition. Relation between the imaginary part, W of the OP
and
abs
, and between W and mean free path. Folding model and a high energy
estimateoftheOP.
4. Decaying states. Relation between the mean life time and the width of the states.
Energydefinition,LorentzianorBreitWignershape.
UNITII:CategorizationofNuclearReactionmechanisms(11lectures+4tutorials)
1.Lowenergies:Discreteregion,ContinuumRegion
(a)DiscreteRegion:
(i) Resonance scattering. Derivation of the resonance cross section from phase
shiftdescriptionofcrosssection.
(ii) Transmissionthroughasquarewellandresonancesincontinuum.
(iii) Coulomb barrier penetration for charged particles scattering and centrifugal
barrierforlnonzerostates.
(iv) Angulardistributionsoftheparticlesinresonancescattering.
(v) Applicationtohydrogenburninginstars.
(b)ContinuumRegion:
(i)Bohrscompoundnucleusmodel,anditsexperimentalverifications.
(ii)Statisticalparametersandtheirestimatesforthecontinuumregion.
(iii)Energydistributionofevaporatedparticlesfromcompoundnucleus.
2..Higherenergies:DirectReaction
Page 33 of 98

(i)CrosssectionintermsoftheTmatrix.Phasespace,andits
evaluationforsimplecases.LippmannSchwingerequationforthe
scatteringwavefunction,anditsformalsolution.Onshellandoffshell
scattering.
(ii) Plane wave and distorted wave approximation to the Tmatrix (PWBA,
DWBA).Applicationtovariousdirectreactionslike,stripping,pickup,knock
outetc.
(iii) High energy scattering. Eikonal approximation to the scattering wave
function.Evaluationofscatteringcrosssectionineikonalapproximation.
SuggestedReading:
(i) NuclearReactions,byDaphneFJackson(Methen&Co.Ltd.)
(ii) TheoreticalNuclearPhysics,byJohnMBlattandVictorFWeisskopf(JohnWiley)
(iii) DirectNuclearReactionTheories,byNormanAustern(JohnWiley)
(iv) ConceptsofNuclearPhysics,byB.L.Cohen(TataMcGrowHill)
(v) IntroductiontoNuclearandParticlePhysics,byA.Das&T.Ferbel(WorldScientific)
UNITIII:Physicsofion(stableandunstable)scattering(11lectures+4tutorials)
1. Stableions
(i) Basics of heavy ions: short wave length, large angular momentum transfer,
kinematicsandCoulombpotential.
(ii) Classicalscattering:rainbow,orbiting,glory,etc.Semiclassicalscattering.
(iii) Quantummechanicaldescription.
2. Radioactiveionbeams(RIB)
(i) From stable to exotic nuclei in nuclear chart. Production and acceleration of
radioactive ion beams (RIB). Shell structure of exotic nuclei and magicity.
Structural properties of unstable nuclei: radii, skins and halos, spins and
electromagneticmoments.CoulombexcitationandknockoutinRIBs.
(ii) RIBsandnuclearastrophysics.Energyproductioninstars.Nucleosynthesis.
SuggestedReading:
(i) Semiclassicalmethodsfornucleusnucleusscattering,byD.M.Brink(Cambridge
Universitypress1985)
(ii) Nuclearheavyionreactions,byP.E.Hodgson(Clarendonpress1978)
(iii) Introductiontonuclearreactions,byG.R.Satchler(McMillan1990)
(iv) Nuclear reactions for astrophysics, by I. J. Thomson and F. Nunes (Cambridge
Universitypress,ISBN9780521856355,2009)
(v) Structureandreactionsoflightnuclei,CRCpress,ISBN13:9780415308724.
(vi) SubatomicPhysics,byE.M.HenleyandA.Garcia(2007),WorldScientific.
Page 34 of 98

(vii) ScatteringTheoryofWavesandParticles,byRogerGNewton(SpringVerlag)
UNITIV:IntermediateEnergyPhysicsandNonnucleonicDegreesofFreedom(11lectures+4
tutorials)
1. Introduction: Classification of elementary particles, Isospin, Conservation rules for
strong interaction, Threshold beam energies in pp collisions for the production of
variousmesonsandbaryons.
2. Protonnucleusscatteringathighenergies:Eikonalapproximation,Glaubermodel,etc.
3. Electronnucleusscatteringandthestructureofhadrons.Quarkmodelforhadrons.
4. Pionnucleon scattering,
33
resonance. Pionnucleon coupling, pseudoscalar and
pseudovector.Pioncaptureinnuclei.Onenucleonandtwonucleonmechanisms.
5. Pion production and excitation of nucleonic resonances in pp and pnucleus collisions,
experimentsandtheory.
6. An introduction to production of other mesons. Possibility of mesonnucleus bound
states.
SuggestedReading:
1. Nuclearreactions,byD.F.Jackson(Methuen&Co.1970)
2. NuclearInteractions,bySergoDeBenedetti(JohnWlley1964)
3. Introduction to Nuclear and Particle Physics, by A. Das and T. Ferbel (World Scientific
2009).
4. SubatomicPhysics,byE.M.HenleyandA.Garcia(WorldScientific2007),
5. Physics of nucleons, mesons, quarks & heavy ions, by Y. K. Gambhir (Ed.) (Quest
publications,Mumbai,ISBN81870992592003)
6. Thepionnucleonsystem,byB.H.BransdenandR.G.Moorhouse(PrincetonUniversity
press1973)
7. SERC school series Nuclear Physics (1988), B. K. Jain (Ed.) (World Scientific, ISBN
99715063351988).
Courseno.:PSPHET303:ElectronicStructureofSolids(60lectures,4credits)
UnitI.PrototypeElectronicStructure
1.FreeelectrongasininfinitesquarewellpotentialSommerfeldtheoryofmetals.
2.Electronenergylevelsinaperiodicpotential.
3.Nearlyfreeelectronapproximation.
4.Thetightbindingmethod.
Page 35 of 98

UnitII.ElectronicBandStructureMethods
1. Cellular method; Augmented planewave (APW) method; Greens function (KKR) method;
Orthogonalizedplanewave(OPW)method;Pseudopotentials.
2. Band structure / Fermi surface of selected metals alkali and noble metals, simple
multivalentmetals,transitionmetals,rareearths,semimetals,semiconductorsSiandGe.
3.Fermisurfaceprobes:ElectronsinamagneticfieldthedeHaasvanAlfeneffect.Magneto
acousticeffect,cyclotronresonance.
UnitIII.MotionofBandElectrons
Semiclassicalelectrondynamics;Motionofbandelectronsandtheeffectivemass;currentsin
bands and holes; scattering of band electrons; Boltzmann equation and relaxation time; band
electronsinelectricfield;electricalconductivityofmetals;thermoelectriceffects;Wiedemann
Franzlaw;Electricalconductivityoflocalizedelectrons;BandelectronsincrossEandBfields
magnetoresistanceandHalleffect.
UnitIV.ManyBodyEffects
1.TheHartreeFockmethod;exchangeandcorrelation.
2.DensityFunctionalTheory.
3.Computationsonsimpleatoms.
Texts:
1. HIbachandHLuth,SolidStatePhysics,3
rd
ed.;Springer,2003.Chpts.6,7,9.
2. Neil W Ashcroft and N David Mermin, Solid State Physics. Holt, Rinehart and Winston,
1976.Chapters2,817.
3. MichaelPMarder,CondensedMatterPhysics,2
nd
ed.;JohnWileyandSons,2010.
References:
1. BrianTanner,IntroductiontothePhysicsofElectronsinSolids,CUP,1995.
2. MAWahab,SolidStatePhysics,Narosa,2005.
GGrossoandGParavicini,SolidStatePhysics,AcademicPress,2000.

Page 36 of 98

Courseno.:PSPHET304:SurfacesandThinFilms(60lectures,4credits)
UnitI:PhysicsofSurfaces,InterfacesandThinfilms
Mechanism of thin film formation: Condensation and nucleation, growth and coalescence of
islands, Crystallographic structure of films, factors affecting structure and properties of thin
films;Propertiesofthinfilms:Transportandopticalpropertiesofmetallic,semiconductingand
dielectricfilms;Applicationofthinfilms.
UnitII:Thinfilms:Formation&Measurement
Vacuum Techniques: Review: Production of low pressures; Measurement of pressure, Leak
detections,Materialsused
Preparation of Thin Films: Thermal evaporation, Cathode Sputtering, Chemical Deposition,
LaserAblation,LangmurBlochetFilms;
Thickness Measurements: Stylus Method, Electrical Method, Quartz Crystal Method, Optical
Methods,massmeasurements(microbalance)
UnitIII:NanoScienceandNanoTechnology
Band structure and Density of States at Nanoscale, Quantum mechanics for nanoscience size
effects,applicationofSchrodingereqution,quantumconfinement.Growthtechniquesfornano
materials Top down, Bottom up technique. Nano technology applications nano structures of
Carbon,BNnanotubes,Nanoelectronics,nanobiometrics
UnitIV:SurfaceAnalyticalTechniques
Xray Photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Auger Electron spectroscopy(AES), Depth profiling by
Ar ions, Low Energy Electron Diffraction (LEED), Secondary Ion Mass spectroscopy (SIMS),
Rutherford Backscattering spectroscopy (RBS), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM),
Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) with EDAX, Scanning Probe Microscopy a) Scanning
TunnelingMicroscopy(STM),andb)AtomicForceMicroscopy(AFM)
References:
UnitI:
1. K.L.ChopraThinFilmPhenomenanMcGrawHillInc(1969)
2. LudmilaEckertovaPhysicsofThinFilmsPlenumPressNY(1986)
UnitII:
1. A.RothVacuumTechnologyNorthHollandAmsterdam
2. LudmilaEckertovaPhysicsofThinFilmsPlenumPressNY(1986)
3. ThinFilmPhenomenaLKChopraMcGrawHill1969
Page 37 of 98

UnitIII:
1. IntroductiontoNanoScienceandNanotechnologyK.K.ChattopadhyayandA.N.
BanerjeePHIlearning(2009)
2. NanotechnologyPrinciplesandPracticesS.K.Kulkarni,Capitalpublishing2007
UnitIV:
1. SurfaceandThinFilmAnalysisedH.BubertandH.Jennet,WileyVCH(2003)
2 Fundamentals of Surface and Thin Film Analysis L.C. Feldman and J.W. Mayer North
Hollandamsterdam(1986)
3 Surface Analytical Methods D.J. OConner, B.A. Sexton and R. St. C. Smart (ed)
SpringerVerlag(1991)
Courseno.:PSPHET305:MicrocontrollersandInterfacing(60lectures,4credits)
UnitI:
8051microcontroller:(Reviewof8051),Timer/Counters,Interrupts,Serialcommunication
Programming8051Timers,CounterProgramming
Basics of Serial Communication, 8051 Connection to RS232, 8051 Serial Port Programming in
assembly.
8051 Interrupts, Programming Timer Interrupts, Programming External hardware Interrupts,

ProgrammingtheSerialCommunicationInterrupt,InterruptPriorityin8051/52.
Ref.MMM: The 8051 Microcontroller & Embedded Systems by M.A. Mazidi, J.G. Mazidi
andR.D.Mckinlay,SecondEdition,Pearson
Ref.AVD: The8051Microcontroller
UnitII
16C61/71 PIC Microcontrollers: Overview and Features, PIC 16C6X/7X, PIC Reset Actions, PIC
Oscillator Connections, PIC Memory Organization, PIC 16C6X/7X Instructions, Addressing
Modes,I/OPorts,InterruptsinPIC16C61/71,PIC16C61/71Timers,PIC16C71AnalogtoDigital
Converter.
Ref.AVD:MicrocontrollersbyAjayV.Deshmukh,TataMcgrawHillPublication
UnitIII:PIC16F8XXFlashMicrocontrollers:
Introduction, Pin Diagram, STATUS Register, Power Control Register (PCON), OPTION_REG
Register,Programmemory,Datamemory,I/OPorts
Page 38 of 98

AVDCh10:10.1,10.2,10.3,10.4,10.5,10.6,10.7,10.10
Capture/Compare/PWM(CCP)ModulesinPIC16F877,AnalogtoDigitalConverter
AVDCh11:11.1,11.2,11.5
Ref.AVD:MicrocontrollersbyAjayV.Deshmukh,TataMcgrawHillPublication
UnitIV: Interfacing microcontroller/PIC microcontroller and Industrial Applications of

microcontrollers:
LightEmittingDiodes(LEDs);PushButtons,RelaysandLatchConnections;KeyboardInterfacing;
Interfacing 7Segment Displays; LCD Interfacing; ADC and DAC Interfacing with 89C51
Microcontrollers.
IntroductionandMeasurementApplications(ForDCmotorinterfacingandPWMreferSec17.3
ofMMM)
AVD:Ch.12,Ch.13.
MMM:Sec17.3
Ref:AVD: MicrocontrollersbyAjayV.Deshmukh,TataMcgrawHillPublication
Ref.MMM: The 8051 Microcontroller & Embedded Systems by M.A. Mazidi, J.G. Mazidi
andR.D.Mckinlay,SecondEdition,Pearson
AdditionalReferencebooks:
1. The8051Microcontroller&EmbeddedSystemsDr.RajivKapadia(JaicoPub.House)
2. 8051Microcontroller,K.J.Ayala.,PenramInternational.
3. DesignwithPICmicrocontrollersbyJohnB.Peatman,PearsonEducationAsia.
4. Programming&customizingthe8051microcontrollerByMykePredko,TMH.
Courseno.:PSPHET306:EmbeddedSystemsandRTOS(60lectures,4credits)
UnitI:
Programming Using C++: Introduction to Computers and programming , Introduction to C++,
Expressions and interactivity , Making decisions, Looping , Functions , Arrays , Sorting arrays ,
Pointers
TG Ch1:1.3to1.7,Ch2:2.1to2.14,Ch3:3.1to3.11,Ch4:41to4.15,Ch5:5.1to
5.13,Ch6:6.1to6.14,Ch7:7.1to7.9,Ch8:8.3,Ch9:9.1to9.7
Page 39 of 98

Ref.TG:StartingoutwithC++fromControlstructuresthroughobjects,byTonyGaddis,Sixth
edition,PenramInternationalPublications,India
UnitII:
Introductiontoclasses:Moreaboutclasses,Inheritance,polymorphism,virtualfunctions.
TGCh13:13.1to13.11,Ch14:14.1to14.5,Ch15:15.1to15.6
IntroductiontoVC++
YKCh1,2,3
Ref.TG:StartingoutwithC++fromControlstructuresthroughobjects,byTonyGaddis,Sixth
editionPenramInternationalPublications,India
YK:IntroductiontoVisualC++byYashwantKanetkar
UnitIII:Embeddedsystems
Introduction to Embedded Systems: What is an embedded system, Embedded System v/s
General Computing System, Classification of Embedded Systems, Major Application Areas of
EmbeddedSystems,PurposeofEmbeddedSystems,SmartRunningShoes.
SKVCh1:1.1,1.2,1.3,1.4,1.5,1.6,1.7
ATypicalEmbeddedsystem:Coreoftheembeddedsystem
SKVCh2:2.1
Characteristics and quality Attributed ofEmbedded Systems: Characteristics ofan Embedded

System,QualityAttributesofEmbeddedSystems
SKVCh3:3.1,3.2
Embedded SystemsApplication and DomainSpecific: Washing Machine, AutomaticDomain

Specificexamplesofembeddedsystem
SKVCh4:4.1,4.2
Design Process and design Examples: Automatic Chocolate Vending machine (ACVM), Smart
Card,DigitalCamera,MobilePhone,ASetofRobots
RKCh1:1.10.2,1.10.3,1.10.4,1.10.5,1.10.6,1.10.7
Ref.SKV: Introduction to embedded systems, by Shibu K. V. ,Sixth Reprint 2012, Tata

McGrawHill
Ref.RK: Embedded Systems Architecture, Programming and Design, by Raj Kamal,
SecondEdition,TheMcGrawHillCompanies
Page 40 of 98

UnitIV:RealTimeOperatingSystembasedEmbeddedSystemDesign:
Operating system Basics, Types of Operating Systems, Tasks, Process and Threads, Multi
processingandMultitasking,TaskScheduling,Threads,ProcessesandScheduling:Puttingthem
altogether, task Communication, task Synchronizations, Device Drivers, How to choose an
RTOS.
SKV:Ch10:10.1,10.2,10.3,10.4,10.5,10.6,10.7,10.8,10.9.10.10
Ref:SKV: Introduction to embedded systems, by Shibu K. V. ,Sixth Reprint 2012, Tata
McgrawHill
1. ObjectOrientedProgrammingwithC++,ByE.Balagurusamy,2
nd
ed.TMH.
2. OOPSwithC++fromtheFoundation,ByN.R.Parsa,DreamTechPressIndiaLtd.
Course no.: PSPHET307: Signal Modulation and Transmission Techniques, (60 lectures, 4
credits)
UnitI:
Single Sideband Techniques: Evolution and description of SSB, Suppression of carrier,
Suppression of unwanted sideband, Extensions of SSB, Frequency Modulation: Theory of
frequency and phase modulation, Noise and frequency modulation, Generation of frequency
modulation. Radio Receivers: Receiver types, AM receivers, Communication receivers, FM
receivers,Singlesidebandreceivers,Independentsidebandreceivers.
UnitII:
Transmission Line Theory: Fundamental of transmission lines, Different types of transmission
lines; Telephone lines and cables, Radio frequency lines, Micro strip transmission lines.
Definition of characteristics impedance, Losses in transmission lines, Standing waves, Quarter
and Half wavelength lines, Reactance properties of transmission lines, Fundamental of the
Smithchartsanditsapplications.
UnitIII:
Electromagnetic Radiation and Propagation of Waves: Fundamental of electromagnetic
waves, Effects of the environment, Propagation of waves; Ground waves, Sky wave
propagation,Spacewaves,Troposphericscatterpropagation,Extraterrestrialcommunication
Page 41 of 98

UnitIV:
Antennas: Basic considerations, Wire radiators in space, Terms and definitions, Effects of
ground on antennas, Antenna Coupling at medium frequencies, Directional high frequency
antennas,UHFandMicrowaveantennas,Widebandandspecialpurposeantennas
MainReferences:
[1] Electronic Communication Systems by George Kennedy and Bernard Davis, 4
th
ed., Tata
McGrawHillPublishingCompanyLtd.,NewDelhi.
[2]ElectronicCommunicationSystemsFundamentalsthroughAdvancedbyWayneTomasi;4th
Edition,PearsoneducationSingapore.
[1]ElectronicCommunicationsbyDennisRoddy&JohnCoolen,(4
th
ed.,PearsonEd.)
[2] Modern Electronic Communication by Gary M. Miller, (6
th
ed., Prentice Hall International
Inc.)
Courseno.:PSPHET308:MicrowaveElectronics,RadarandOpticalFiberCommunication,(60
lectures,4credits)
UnitI:
Waveguides, Resonators and Components: Rectangular waveguides, Circular and other
waveguides, Waveguide coupling, matching and attenuation, Cavity resonators, Auxiliary
components.
UnitII:
Microwave Tubes and Circuits: Microwave triodes, Multicavity Klystron, Reflex Klystron,
Magnetron,Travelingwavetube.
Microwave Semiconductor Devices and Circuits: Passive microwave circuits, Transistors and
integrated circuits, parametric amplifiers, Tunnel Diodes and Negative Resistance Amplifier,
Gunn effect and diodes, Avalanche effects and diodes. PIN Diode, Schottky barrier diode,
backwarddiode.
Microwave Measurements: Slotted line VSWR measurement Impedance measurement,
insertionlossandattenuationmeasurements
Page 42 of 98

UnitIII:
Radar Systems: Basic principles; Fundamentals, Radar performance factors Pulsed systems;
Basic pulsed radar system, Antennas and scanning, Display methods, Pulsed radar systems,
Movingradarsystems.Movingtargetindication,Radarbeacons,CWDopplerradar,Frequency
modulatedCWradar,Phasedarrayradars,Planararrayradars.
UnitIV:
Optical Fiber Communication Systems: Introduction to optical fibers, signal degradation in
optical fibers, Fiber optical sources and coupling, Fiber optical receivers, System parameters,
Analog optical fiber communication links, Design procedure, Multichannel analog systems,
FM/FDMvideosignaltransmission,Digitalopticalfibersystems.
MainReferences:
[1] Electronic communication systems by George Kennedy and Bernard Davis, 4
th
ed., Tata
McGrawHillPublishingCompanyLtd.,NewDelhi.
[2]OpticalFiberCommunicationbyGerdKeiser;McGrawHillInternational,Singapore,3
rd
Ed;
2000.
[3]ElectronicCommunicationSystemsFundamentalsthroughAdvancedbyWayneTomasi;4th
Edition,PearsoneducationSingapore.
[1]ElectronicCommunicationsbyDennisRoddyandJohnCoolen,(4
th
ed.,Pearson
Education).
[2]ModernElectronicCommunicationbyGaryM.Miller,(6
th
ed.,PrenticeHall
International,Inc.).
[3]DigitalCommunicationsSystemsbyHaroldKolimbiris,(PearsonEducationAsia).
Courseno.:PSPHET309:SemiconductorsPhysics(60lectures,4credits)

(N.B.:Problemsformanintegralpartofthecourse)
UnitI:TransportPropertiesofSemiconductors:
TheBoltzmanntransportequationanditssolutionsfor(i)Electricfieldalone(ii)Electric
and Magnetic fields together. Hall Effect and Magneto resistance (van der Ziel).
ScatteringmechanismandRelaxationtimeconcept,Transportinhighelectricfields,hot
electrons (Wang), transferred electron effects (Smith). Transport in 2Dimentional
Page 43 of 98

quantum well (a) High fieldeffects (i) Landaulevels,(ii) Shubnikov de Hasseffect, (iii)
QuantumHalleffect(b)PerpendiculartransportResonantTunneling(JSArt.17.3,17.6,
17.7,14.9).
UnitII:OpticalPropertiesofSemiconductors:
Optical properties of Semiconductors: Fundamental absorption, Exciton absorption,
Impurity absorption, Free carrier absorption. Radiative recombination.
Photoconductivity. Surface recombination (Smith). Optical processes in quantum wells:
Interbandtransitionsinquantumwells,Intrabandtransitions(JSArt.15.7.2,15.10)
UnitIII:Amorphous&OrganicSemiconductors:
Electronic density of states, localization, Transport properties, Optical properties,
Hydrogenization of amorphous silicon, Si:H fields effect transistorsdesign, fabrication
andcharacteristics.Organicsemiconductors,Polymers.
UnitIV:AdvancedElectronicMaterials:
Photovoltaics Fundamentals & Materials, Spintronics materials, Dilute magnetic
semiconductors,Magnetites,Giantmagnetoresistance.Composites,Glasses,Ceramics,
Liquidcrystals,Quasicrystals.
MainReferences:
1. Aldert van der Ziel, Solid State Physical Electronics, 2
nd
edition, PrenticeHall, New
Delhi,1971.
2. S.Y.Wang,IntroductiontoSolidStateElectronics,NorthHolland,1980,
3. R.A.Smith,Semiconductors,2
nd
edition;CambridgeUniversityPress,London,1978.
4. Jasprit Singh, Physics of Semiconductors and their Heterostructures, McGrawHill,
NewYork,1993.
5. M.H.Brodsky(ed),TopicsinAppliedPhysicsVol.36,AmorphousSemiconductors,
6. S.R.Elliott,PhysicsofAmorphousMaterials,Longman,London,1983.
7. C.S. Solanki, Solar PhotovoltaicsFundamentals, Technologies and Applications, PHI
LPL,NewDelhi,2009.
1. J.I.Pankove,Opticalprocessesinsemiconductors,
2. J.Singh,Semiconductors,Optoelectronics,McGrawHill,
Page 44 of 98

Courseno.:PSPHET310:ThinFilmPhysics&Technology(60lectures,4credits)
UnitI:Thinfilmspreparation&Thicknessmeasurement
Methods of Preparation/synthesis of Thin films: Vacuum evaporation, Cathode
sputtering, Anodic oxidation, Plasma anodization, Chemical vapour deposition(CVD),
Ionassisted deposition(IAD), Laser ablation, Longmuir Blochet film, Solgel film
deposition. Thickness measurements: Resistance, capacitance, microbalance, Quartz
crystal thickness monitor,Optical absorption, Multiple beam interference, Interference
colour,Ellipsometrymethods.
UnitII:ThinfilmPhysics
Mechanism of thin film formation: Formation stages of thin films, Condensation and
nucleation, Thermodynamic theory of nucleation, Growth and coalescence of islands,
Influenceofvariousfactorsonfinalstructureofthinfilms,Crystallographicstructureof
thin films. Properties of thin films: Conductivity of metal films, Electrical properties of
semiconductor thin films, Transport in dielectric thin films, Dielectric properties of thin
films, Optical properties of thin films. Thin films of high temperature superconductors,
Diamondlikecarbonthinfilms.
UnitIII:ThinfilmsforDevices&otherApplications:
Dielectric deposition silicon dioxide, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, polysilicon
deposition, metallization, electromigration, silicides. Thin film transistors, thin film
multilayers,opticalfilters,mirrors,sensorsanddetectors.
UnitIV:Characterization/Analysisofmaterialsanddevices:
Xray diffraction(XRD), Electron diffraction, Transmission electron microscopy (TEM),
Scanning electron microscopy(SEM), Energy dispersive analysis of Xrays (EDAX), Low
energy electron diffraction (LEED), UVVIS spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared
(FTIR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, Electron spin resonance (ESR), Xray
fluorescence (XRF), Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), Xray photoelectron
spectroscopy (XPS), Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), Atomic force microscopy
(AFM). Ion beam analysis techniques: Rutherford backscattering (RBS), Channeling,
Elasticrecoildetectionanalysis(ERDA),Secondaryionmassspectroscopy(SIMS).
MainReferences:
Page 45 of 98

1. LudmilaEckertova,Physicsofthinfilms,2
nd
Revisededition,PlenumPress,NewYork,
1986(Reprinted1990),
2. K.L.Chopra,Thinfilmphenomena,McGrawHill,NewYork,1969.
3. L.C.FeldmanandJ.W.Mayer,FundamentalsofsurfaceandThinFilmsAnalysis,North
Holland,Amsterdam,1986.
4. S.M.Sze,SemiconductorDevicesPhysicsandTechnology,JohnWiley,1985.
1. R.W.Berry,P.M.HallandM.T.Harris,Thinfilmtechnology,VanNostrand,NewJersey,
1970,K.L.ChopraandLK.Malhotra(ed),
2. ThinFilmTechnologyandApplications,T.M.H.PublishingCo.,NewDelhi(1984).
Courseno.:PSPHET311:FundamentalsofMaterialsScience,(60lectures,4credits)
UnitI:
Introduction to Materials Science and Engineering, Types of Materials, Competition among
Materials, Future trends In Materials Usage, Atomic Structure and Bonding, Types of Atomic
and Molecular Bonds, Ionic Bonding, Covalent Bonding, Metallic Bonding, Secondary Bonding,
Mixed Bonding, Crystal Structures and Crystal Geometry, The Space Lattice and Unit Cells,
Crystal Systems and Bravais Lattices, Principal Metallic Crystal Structures, Atom Positions in
Cubic Unit Cells, Directions in Cubic Unit Cells, Miller Indices For Crystallographic Planes In
CubicUnitCells,CrystallographicPlanesandDirectionsInHexagonalUnitCells,Comparisonof
FCC,HCP,andBCCCrystalStructures,Volume,Planar,andLinearDensityUnitCellCalculations,
PolymorphismorAllotropy,CrystalStructureAnalysis
UnitII:
Solidification, Crystalline Imperfections, and Diffusion In Solids, Solidification of Metals,
Solidification of Single Crystals, Metallic Solid Solutions, Crystalline Imperfections, Rate
Processes In Solids, Atomic Diffusion In Solids, Industrial Applications of Diffusion Processes,
EffectofTemperatureonDiffusionInSolids.
UnitIII:
Mechanical Properties of Metals, The Processing of Metals and Alloys, Stress and Strain In
Metals, The Tensile Test and The Engineering StressStrain Diagram, Hardness and Hardness
Testing, Plastic Deformation of Metal Single Crystals, Plastic Deformation of Polycrystalline
Metals, SolidSolution Strengthening of Metals, Recovery and Recrystallization of Plastically
Deformed.Metals,FractureofMetals,FatigueofMetals,CreepandStressRuptureofMetals.
Page 46 of 98

UnitIV:
Phase Diagrams, Phase Diagrams of Pure Substances, Gibbs Phase Rule, Binary Isomorphous
Alloy Systems, The Lever Rule, Nonequilibrium Solidification of Alloys, Binary Eutectic Alloy
Systems,BinaryPeritecticAlloySystems,BinaryMonotecticSystems,InvariantReactions,Phase
DiagramsWithIntermediatePhasesandCompounds,TernaryPhaseDiagrams.
Reference:
1. WilliamFSmith,JavadHashemi,RaviPrakash,MaterialsScienceandEngineering,Tata
McGrawHill,4
th
Edition.
Courseno.:PSPHET312:NanoscienceandNanotechnology(60lectures,4credits)

UnitI:
Metal nanoclusters: Magic numbers, Theoretical Modeling of nanoparticles, Geometric
Structure, Electronic Structure, Reactivity, Fluctuations, Magnetic clusters, BulktoNano
transition; Semiconducting nanoparticles: Optical properties, Photofragmentation, Coulomb
Explosion; Raregas and molecular clusters: Inert gas clusters, Superfluid clusters, Molecular
clusters, Nanosized Organic crystals; Methods of synthesis: RF plasma, Chemical methods,
Thermolysis,PulsedLasermethod,Synthesisofnanosizedorganiccrystals;
CohesiveEnergy:Ionicsolids,DefectsinIonicsolids,Covalentlybondedsolids,Organiccrystals,
Inertgassolids,Metals,Conclusion;
Quantum wells, wires and dots: Fabricating Quantum Nanostructures: Solution fabrication,
Lithography; Size and dimensionality effects: Size effects, Sizeeffects on conduction electrons,
Conduction electrons and dimensionality, Fermi gas and density of states, Potential wells,
Partial confinement, Properties dependent on density of states; Excitons, Single electron
Tunneling;Applications:Infrareddetectors,Quantumdotlasers.
(OwensandPoole:Chapter3,6and9)
UnitII:
Vibrational Properties: The finite Onedimensional monoatomic lattice, Ionic solids,
Experimental Observations: Optical and acoustical modes; Vibrational spectroscopy of surface
layers of nanoparticles Raman spectroscopy of surface layers, Infrared Spectroscopy of
surface layers; Photon confinement, Effect of dimension on lattice vibrations, Effect of
dimension on vibrational density of states, effect of size on Debye frequency, Melting
Page 47 of 98

temperature, Specific heat, Plasmons, Surfaceenhanced Raman Spectroscopy, Phase
transitions.
ElectronicProperties:Ionicsolids,Covalentlybondedsolids;Metals:Effectoflatticeparameter
on electronic structure, Free electron model, The TightBinding model; Measurements of
electronicstructureofnanoparticles:Semiconductingnanoparticles,Organicsolids,Metals.
Carbon nanostructures: Introduction; Carbon molecules: Nature of the carbon bond, New
Carbonstructures;Carbonclusters:SmallCarbonclusters,Buckyball,Thestructureofmolecular
C
60
, Crystalline C
60
, Larger and smaller Buckyballs, Buckyballs of other atoms; Carbon
nanotubes: Fabrication, Structure, Electronic properties, Vibrational properties,
Functionalization, Doped Carbon Nanotubes, Mechanical properties; Nanotube Composites:
Polymercarbon nanotube composites, MetalCarbon nanotube composites; Graphene
nanostructures.
UnitIII:
Mechanical Properties of Nanostructured Materials : StressStrain Behavior of materials;
Failure Mechanism of Conventional GrainSized Materials; Mechanical Properties of
Consolidated NanoGrained Materials; Nanostructured Multilayers; Mechanical and Dynamical
Properties of Nanosized Devices : General considerations, Nanopendulum, Vibrations of a
Nanometer String, The Nanospring, The Clamped Beam, The challenges and Possibilities of
Nanomechanicalsensors,MethodsofFabricationofNanosizedDevices.
Magnetism in Nanostructures : Basics of Ferromagnetism; Behavior of Powders of

Ferromagnetic Nanoparticles : Properties of a single Ferromagnetic Nanoparticles, Dynamic of
Individual Magnetic Nanoparticles, Measurements of Superparamagnetism and the Blocking
Temperature, Nanopore Containment of Magnetic Particles; Ferrofluids; Bulk nanostructured
Magnetic Materials: Effect of nanosized grain structure on magnetic properties,
Magnetoresisitive materials, Carbon nanostructured ferromagnets; Antiferromagnetic
nanoparticles.
Nanoelectronics: N and P doping and PN junctions, MOSFET, Scalingof MOSFETs; Spintronics:

Definition and examples of spintronic devices, Magnetic storage and spin valves, Dilute
magnetic semiconductors; Molecular switches and electronics: Molecular switches, Molecular
electronics,Mechanismofconductionthroughamolecule;Photoniccrystals.
Page 48 of 98

UnitIV:
Anintroductiontonanochemistryconcepts:Nanochemistryintroduction,Surface,Size,Shape,
Selfassembly,Defects,Thebionanointerface,Safety.
Gold: Introduction, Surface, Size, Shape, Selfassembly, Defects, Bionano, GoldNanofood for
thought.
Cadmium Selenide: Introduction, Surface, Size, Shape, Selfassembly,Defects, Bionano, CdSe

Nanofoodforthought.
Iron Oxide: Introduction, Surface, Size, Shape, Selfassembly, Bionano, Iron OxideNanofood
forthought.
Carbon: Introduction, Surface, Size, Shape, Selfassembly, Bionano, Conclusion, Carbon

Nanofoodforthought.
(CademartiriandOzin:Chapter1,3,5,6,and7)
References:
1. The Physics and Chemistry of Nanosolids, Frank J. Owens and Charles P. Poole, Wiley
Interscience,2008.
2. Concepts of Nanochemistry, Ludovico Cademartiri and Geoffrey A. Ozin, WileyVCH,

2009.
Courseno.:PSPHET313:GalacticandExtraGalacticAstronomy(60lectures,4credits)
UnitI:
GalacticAstronomy:Galacticstructure:Nucleus,Bulge,DiskandCoronaMorphologyof
Galaxies: Dwarfs, Ellipticals, Spirals and Irregulars Rotation Curves: Dark Matter
Interstellar Medium and Molecular Complexes: Star formation. Metal Content, Initial
MassFunction.DistributionanddynamicsofStarsStellargroups:GalacticandGlobular
clusters and their ages. Spiral arms and magnetic fields Dynamical and chemical
evolutionofgalaxies:Interactionsandmergers.
Page 49 of 98

UnitII:
Extragalactic Astronomy:Classification of Galaxies: Hubble sequence. Groups and
Clusters of Galaxies: Missing mass (M/L) Intergalactic Medium: Diffuse Radiation and
Magnetic Fields. Optical and Xray observations: Cooling flows, SunyaevZeldovich
effect. Superclusters, Filaments, Voids, Walls Radio Sources. Faraday Rotation. Active
GalacticNuclei.Seyferts,BLLacsandQuasars:UnifiedModelsGravitationalLenses.
UnitIII:
IntroductiontoGeneralTheoryofRelativity
Einstein'sfieldeqns.(qualitative)FRWmetric.
UnitIV:
Cosmology
Hubble law for Expanding Universe Age & distance scale in cosmology. Cosmological
Parameters. Early Universe: Thermal history & Nucleosynthesis of light elements.
Structure formation, Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation: Observations &
Inferences.
MainTexts/References:
1.A.UnsoldandBBeschek.,TheNewCosmos,4thed.;SpringerVerlag1991.
2.P.V.RamanmurthyandA.W.Wolfendale,GammaRayAstronomy;CUP,1986.
3.J.V.Narlikar,IntroductiontoCosmology;CUP,1993.
4.G.B.Rybicki&A.P.Lightman,RadiativeProcessesinAstrophysics;WileyIntl.1979.
5.P.J.E.Peebles,PrinciplesofPhysicalCosmology;PrincetonUniversityPress,1993.
Courseno.:PSPHET314:PlasmaPhysics,(60lectures,4credits)
UnitI:
Definition of Plasma, occurrence of plasma, Debye shielding, plasma parameters, criterion for
plasma,(FC,JB,KT)
Single particle motion in uniform E and B fields, time varying E field, time varying B field,
magneticmirrors,Adiabaticinvariants(FC,JB)
Transport phenomenon, Binary Coulomb collision, multiple Coulomb collisions, Lorentz model
ofweaklyionizedplasma,Diffusionandmobilityinweaklyionizedgases,collisionanddiffusion
parameters, ambipolar diffusion, diffusion in slab, steady state solutions, recombination,
plasmaresistivity.Bohmdiffusion.(FC,KT)
UnitII:
PlasmaKineticTheoryandVlasovequation:Introductiontoplasmakinetictheory,zerothorder
Page 50 of 98

equations Vlasov equation. Equilibrium solutions electrostatic waves, Landau contour, landau
damping. Wave energy. Physics of Landau damping, Nyquist method and Penrose criteria,
plasma heating in laboratory devices. Stability theory, two stream instability, fire hose
instability, flute instability, mirror instability. Rayleigh Taylor instability. Ionospheric
irregularities.(DN,KT,JB)
UnitIII:
Langmuir waves, dielectric function, electromagnetic waves. Upper hybrid waves, electrostatic
ion waves. Electromagnetic waves in magnetized plasmas, electromagnetic waves along Bo
Alfvenwaves,fastmagnetosonicwaves.DriftwavesmagnetosphereoftheEarth.(DN,CF)
Derivation of fluid equations from the Vlasov equation, Single fluid equation, Introduction to
MHD equilibrium. MHD stability, Resistive diffusion. Alfven waves, magneto acoustic waves,
electromagneticwaves.(DN,JB,KT)
UnitIV:
Plasma production and diagnostics: Various plasma production techniques, Electrical
breakdownin gases using dc. rf, microwave and high frequency fieldsGlow and arc discharge.
(IH,JR)
Plasmadiagnostics,electrostaticprobe,Magneticprobes,spectroscopicdiagnostics,activeand
passivetechniques,interferometrytechniques.(IH)
Lowtemperatureplasmaapplications:plasmaprocessingofmaterials:Physicsofhighandlow
pressureplasmasoursandapplicationstomaterialsprocessing.Briefreviewofplasmaetching,
PECVD, display, radiation sources, plasma source ion implantation. Plasma cutting, melting,
spraying and waste processing. Applications to nuclear, space and semiconductor industries.
(IH)
High temperature plasma applications, controlled thermonuclear fusion, Introduction to
thermonuclearfusion,fusionreactions,crosssections,radiativeprocessesinplasmas,energy
loss,Lawsoncriterion,breakevenandignition,magneticandinertialconfinementschemeand
devices,emissionofXraysandneutrons,fusionplasmadiagnostics.(DM,ST)
MainReferences:
1. FrancisF.Chen,IntroductiontoPlasmaPhysicsandControlledFusionVolume1Springer(FC)
2. J.A.Bittencourt,FundamentalsofPlasmaPhysics,Springer,3
rd
edition(JB)
3. N.A.KrallandA.W.Trivelpiece,Principlesofplasmaphysics,McGrawHill(KT)
4. IR.Hutchinson,PrinciplesofplasmaDiagnostics,CambridgeuniversityPress,2ndedition(IH)
5. D.Nicholson,Introductiontoplasmatheory,Wiley,(DN)
6. JReeceRoth,IndustrialPlasmaEngineering,IOPPublications.2000(JR)
7. InertialConfinementfusion,J.J.DudesrstadtandG.A.Mosses,WiIey(1982)(DM)
Page 51 of 98

8. FusionAnintroductiontothePhysicsandTechnologyofMagneticConfinementFusion,
W.M.Stacy,Wiley(1984)(ST)
1. AnintroductiontoplasmaPhysics.R.R.Goldston&P.HRutherford
2. PlasmaPhysicsAnintroduction.R.Dendy,
3. Thephysicsoflasersplasma&interactions.W.L.Kruer,AddisonWesley,1988
Courseno.:PSPHET315:GroupTheory(60lectures,4credits)
UNITI:FINITEGROUPSANDTHEIRREPRESENTATIONS(12LECTURES+3TUTORIALS)
1. FiniteGroups
Groupaxioms,Finitegroupsofloworder,CyclicGroups,PermutationGroups,
Basic Concepts Conjugation, Normal Subgroups, Quotient Group, Simple Groups, Semi
directproduct,YoungTableaux
2. GroupRepresentations
Introduction, Reducible and Irreducible Representations, Schurs Lemmas, Great
OrthogonalityTheorem,CharacterTables,Examples.

UNITII:LIEGROUPS(11LECTURES+4TUTORIALS)
1. LieGroupsandLieAlgebras
IntroductiontoLiegroupsandLiealgebrasRootsandWeights, LieAlgebrasofmatrix
Liegroups
2. RepresentationTheoryforLieGroups/Algebras
RepresentationsofLiegroupsandLieAlgebras,Adjointrepresentation,Representations
ofdisconnectedLiegroups,DirectproductofrepresentationsofaLieGroup,Thegroups
O(3)andSO(3)asexamples.
UNIT III: GROUP THEORY APPLICATIONS IN NONRELATIVISTIC QUANTUM MECHANICS (11 LECTURES + 4
TUTORIALS)
1. RotationGroupandAngularMomentum
Angular Momentum algebra, , Addition of angular momenta uncoupled and coupled
representation. Clebsch Gordon coefficients and their simple properties(For revision
Page 52 of 98

purpose only). Spin , Matrix Representations ,The rotation operators and rotation
matrices, spin angular momentum and its wavefunction, Representations of the
rotationgroup,irreducibletensoroperators,TheWignerEckarttheorem,
2. ApplicationsinSolidStatePhysics
Point and Space Groups, Stereographic projections of simple crystallographic point
groups,Crystalfieldsplittingsofatomicenergylevels.
UNIT IV: GROUP THEORY APPLICATIONS IN RELATIVISTIC QUANTUM MECHANICS (11 LECTURES + 4
TUTORIALS)
1. LorentzGroupanditsRepresentations
Spacetimesymmetries,LorentzandPoincaregroup,Conformalgroup.
2. UnitaryGroupsandUnitarySymmetries
SU(2)andIsospin,SU(3),GellMannmatrices,WeightsandrootsofSU(3),Fundamental
representationsofSU(3).
Suggestedreading:
1. Group theory, and its applications to Physical Problems, by M. Hamermesh(Addison
Wesley,1962)
2. LieAlgebrasinParticlePhysics,byHowardGeorgi(Westview,1995)
3. Grouptheory:APhysicistsSurvey,byPierreRamond(CambridgeUniversityPress,2010)
4. ElementsofGroupTheoryforPhysicists,byA.W.Joshi(NewAgeInternational,1997)
5. GroupTheoryinPhysics,byW.K.Tung(WorldScientific1989)
Courseno.:PSPHET316:AppliedThermodynamics(60lectures,4credits)
UnitI
FirstLawofThermodynamics:Energy,enthalpy,specificheats,firstlawappliedtosystemsand
controlvolumes,steadyandunsteadyflowanalysis.
Second Law of Thermodynamics: KelvinPlanck and Clausius statements, reversible and
irreversibleprocesses,Carnottheorems,thermodynamictemperaturescale,Clausiusinequality
andconceptofentropy,principleofincreaseofentropy;availabilityandirreversibility.
Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics: concept of temperature, Overview of techniques in low
temperatureproduction
Page 53 of 98

UnitII
Properties of Pure Substances: Thermodynamic properties of pure substances in solid, liquid
and vapor phases, PVT behaviour of simple compressible substances, phase rule,
thermodynamic property tables and charts, ideal and real gases, equations of state,
compressibility chart. Thermodynamic Relations: Tds relations, Maxwell
equations,Liquefaction of gases: JouleThomson effect, JouleThomson coefficient, coefficient
ofvolumeexpansion,adiabaticandisothermalcompressibilities,Clapeyronequation.
UnitIII
Equilibrium Concept in Thermodynamics Unary, binary and multicomponent systems, phase
equilibria, evolution of phase diagrams, metastable phase diagrams, calculation of phase
diagrams, thermodynamics of defects. solution models, Some Thermodynamic cycles: Carnot
vaporpowercycle,IdealRankinecycle,RankineReheatcycle,Ottocycle,Dieselcycle,
UnitIV
ThermodynamicsofPhasetransformationandHeterogeneousSystems:
Melting and solidification, precipitation, eutectoid, massive, spinodal, martensitic, order
disorder transformations and glass transition. First and second order transitions..Equilibrium
ConstantsandEllinghamdiagrams
References:
1. M.ModellandR.C.Reid,ThermodynamicsanditsApplications,PrenticeHall,Englewood
Cliffs,NewJersey,1983.
2. H.B. Callen, Thermodynamics and an Introduction to Thermostatics, Jonh Wiley & Sons,
NewYork,1985.
3. R.T.DeHoff,ThermodynamicsinMaterialsScience,McGrawHill,Singapore,
4. PhysicalChemistryofMetals:L.S.DarkenandR.W.Gurry
5. ThermodynamicsofSolids:R.A.Swalin
6. PhaseTransformationsinMetalsandAlloys:D.A.PorterandK.E.Easterling
7. PrinciplesofExtractiveMetallurgy:H.S.Ray
Courseno.:PSPHET317:QuantumFieldTheory,(60lectures,4credits)
UNITI:RELATIVISTICWAVEEQUATIONSANDCLASSICALFIELDS(12LECTURES+3TUTORIALS)
1. KleinGordonequation
Page 54 of 98

Relativistic energymomentum relation, KleinGordon equation, solutions of the
equation,probabilityconservationproblem,relationwithnegativeenergystates.
2. Diracequation
Dirac equation, algebra of matrices, conservation of probability, solutions of Dirac
equation, helicity and chirality, Lorentz covariance, bilinear covariants, trace relations
andsimilaridentities.
3. Dynamicsofasolid
Thelinearatomicchainasasystemofcoupledoscillators,periodicboundaryconditions,
normal modes, continuum limit, Lagrangian and Hamiltonian density, EulerLagrange
equationsforfields,extensiontotwoandthreedimensions,velocityofsound.
4. Freefields
Lagrangian formulation for the Schrdinger, Dirac and KleinGordon fields, Nthers
theorem,globalgaugesymmetriesandassociatedNthercurrents.
UNITII:CANONICALQUANTISATIONOFFREEFIELDS(11LECTURES+4TUTORIALS)
5. Quantisationofsolids
Quantisation of the linear chain, creation and annihilation operators, phonons,
occupationnumberrepresentation,extensiontotwoandthreedimensions,polarisation
vectors.
6. QuantisationoftheSchrdingerfield
Expansion of the Schrdinger field in terms of eigenstates of the single particle wave
equation, creation and annihilation operators, number operator, occupation number
representation,Slaterdeterminant.
7. QuantisationofRelativisticfields
Quantisation of the scalar field, positive and negative energy solutions, expansion in
terms of creation and annihilation operators, antiparticles, eigenvalues of energy and
charge.
QuantisationoftheDiracfieldalongsamelinesasquantisationofthescalarfield.
Quantisation of the electromagnetic field using Hamiltonian method, gauge invariance,
modificationofthecommutationrelation.
UNITIII:INTERACTINGFIELDSANDFEYNMANDIAGRAMS(11LECTURES+4TUTORIALS)
8. Dysonformulationforscattering:Smatrix
Interaction picture, time evolution operator, Dyson expansion and S matrix, transition
matrix,relationtoFermisgoldenrule.
9. Wickexpansionandcontractions
Normalordered product, timeordered product and contractions, Wicks theorem for
theSchrdinger,DiracandKleinGordonfields,
Page 55 of 98

10. FeynmandiagramsandFeynmanrules
diagrammatic representation, tree and loop diagrams, Feynman rules from the Wick
expansion.
UNITIV:QUANTUMELECTRODYNAMICS(11LECTURES+4TUTORIALS)
11. TheQEDLagrangian
Structure of the QED Lagrangian, gauge invariance and conserved current, Feynman
rulesforQED,scalarelectrodynamics.
12. BasicProcessesinQED
Feynman diagram calculation for c
+
c
-
- p
+
p
-
, phase space integration, Mller and
Bhabha scattering, polarisation vectors, Compton scattering and pair
creation/annihilation,KleinNishinaformula.
13. LoopsandRenormalisationinQED
Loopdiagrams:bubble,triangleandbox,WardidentityforQED,UVandIRdivergences,
cutoff regularisation, onshell renormalisation of mass, wavefunction and charge, BPH
renormalisation,counterterms,renormalisationgroup,runningcouplingconstant.
Suggestedreading:
1. Relativistic Quantum Mechanics and Fiekd Theory, by Franz Gross(WileyVCH Verlag
GmbH&Co.KgaA,Weinheim,2004)
2. AFirstBookofQuantumFieldTheory,byA.LahiriandP.B.Pal(CRCPress,2005)
3. AnIntro.toQuantumFieldTheory,byM.E.PeskinandD.V.Schroeder(Perseus,1995)
4. QuantumFieldTheory,byC.ItzyksonandJ.B.Zuber(McGrawHill,1980)
SemesterIII
SemesterIIIElectiveLabCourse1
Courseno.:PSPHAP302:AdvancedPhysicsLab1(120hours,4credits)
A) ForStudentsofferingelectivesotherthanPSPH305,306,307,308(i.e.ElectronicsIor
ElectronicsII),havetoperformatleast10experimentsfromthefollowing
I. XrayPowderDiffraction(45experiments/analysisofgivendata)
1. Structuredeterminationofpowderpolycrystallinesample
2. IntensityanalysisofXRDpeaks
3. StrainanalysisandParticlesizedeterminationbyXRD
4. XRDStudiesofThinFilms:PhasedeterminationbyJCPDS
II. HallEffect
1. AC&DCeffectingivensemiconductingspecimen
2. AC&DCeffectatdifferenttemperaturesanddeterminationofcarriermobility
Page 56 of 98

3. CalibrationofunknownmagneticfieldusingaHallprobe
III. Thermometry
1. Measurement of thermoemf of IronCopper (FeCu) or chromelalumel
thermocoupleasafunctionoftemperature.
2. VoltageTemperaturecharacteristicsofaSilicondiodesensor
IV. DielectricConstantusingLCRbridge
1. DeterminationofTransitionTemperatureofaFerroelectricMaterial
2. DeterminationofDielectricconstantandstudyingitsfrequencydependence
V. LASER
1. Measurementoflaserparameters.
2. Laserinterferometertofindthewavelength.
VI. Plasma
1. Measurement of critical spark voltage at different separation at a constant
pressure.
2. Measurement of plasma parameters. Double probe method at constant
pressure.
VII. NuclearPhysics
1. MassabsorptionCoefficientofBetaraysandenergyrangecalculation.
2. UnderstandingofPoissondistributionandGaussiandistribution.
3. CalculationofrestmassofelectronusingComptonscatteringexperiment.
4. UnderstandingofSurfacebarrierdetector
5. Relative efficiency of beta and gamma rays using GM counter and feather
comparisonmethodtofindrangeofunknownbetasource.
VIII. Semiconductorsanddevices
1. Resistivity of Ge sample by van der Pauw method at different temp and
determinationofbandgap
2. Optical transmission and absorption studies of elemental/ compound
semiconductors
3. Bandgapofsemiconductorsbyphotoconductivity
4. IV measurements of Ge, Si, GaAs diodes at room temp, identification of
differentregions,determinationofidealityfactor
5. Carrierlifetimebylightpulsemethod
IX. Vacuumtechniquesandthinfilms
1. Pumpdown characteristics: pumping speed of rotary and diffusion pump at
constantvolume
2. Pumpingspeedofrotaryanddiffusionpumpatconstantvolume
3. Vacuum evaporation method of thin film preparation and estimation of sheet
resistance
Page 57 of 98

4. Measurement of thickness of vacuum evaporated thin films by gravimetric
methodandbyinterferometry(Tolansky)
X. Computation
1. Leastsquaresfit/curvefitting
2. Interpolation
XI. Microscopy
1. Texturedeterminationbypolarizingmicroscopy
XII. AstronomyandSpacePhysics
1. Image processing in Astronomy: Use of one of the standard software packages
like IRAF / MIDAS. Aperture photometry using the given observational data.
Seeingprofileofastar.
2. CCD: Characteristics of a CCD camera. Differential photometry of a star w.r.t. a
standardstar.
B) The Students offering electives PSPH305, PSPH306. (i.e. Electronics I ) have to

perform at least 10 experiments from the following:
I Interfacing8031/8051basedexperiments:
1. Interfacing 8 bit DAC with 8031/51 to generate waveforms: square, sawtooth,
triangular.
2. Interfacing stepper motor with 8031/51: to control direction, speed and number
ofsteps.
3. Interface8bitADC(0804)with8031/51:toconvertananalogsignalintoitsbinary
equivalent.
II Microcontroller8031/8051basedexperiments:
1. 8031/51assemblylanguageprogramming:
Simpledatamanipulationprograms.(8/16bitaddition,subtraction,multiplication,
division, 8/16 bit data transfer, cubes of nos., to rotate a 32 bit number, finding
greatest/smallestnumberfromablockofdata,decimal/hexadecimalcounter)
2. StudyofINandOUTportof8031/51byInterfacingswitches,LEDsandRelays:to
displaybitpatternonLEDs,tocountthenumberofONswitchesanddisplayon
LEDs, to trip a relay depending on the logic condition of switches, event
counter(usingLDRandlightsource)
3. Studyofexternalinterrupts(INT0/INT1)of8031/51.
4. Studyofinternaltimerandcounterin8031/51.
Page 58 of 98

III (16F84 or 16FXXX) PIC Microcontroller based experiments (Using assembly language
only):
1. InterfacingLEDs:flashingLEDs,todisplaybitpattern,8bitcounter.
2. Interfacing Push Buttons: to increment and decrement the count value at the
outputbyrecognizingofpushbuttons,etc

3. InterfacingRelay:todriveanacbulbthrougharelay;therelayshouldbetripped
onrecognizingofapushbutton.
4. Interfacing buzzer: the buzzer should be activated for two different frequencies,
dependingonrecognizingofcorrespondingpushbuttons.
IV C++andVisualC++experiments:
1. C++ Program (Conversion from decimal system to binary, octal, hexadecimal
system).
2. C++ Program (Program on mean, variance, standard deviation for a set of
numbers.
3. C++Program(Sortingofdatainascendingordescendingorder).
4. C++experiment(Programsonclass,trafficlights)
5. C++experiment(Programsoninheritance,overloading)
6. VisualC++experiment
V Computation
2. Interpolation
C)TheStudentsofferingelectivesPSPH307,PSPH308(i.e.ElectronicsII),havetoperformat
least10experimentsfromthefollowing:
I ElectronicsCommunication:
1. Generation of AM signal using OTA IC CA3080/opamp and demodulation using
diodedemodulator.
2. BalancedmodulatoranddemodulatorstudyofsuppressedcarrierAMgeneration
usingIC1496/1596.
3. GenerationofFMsignalusingIC566/XR2206
4. CharacteristicsofPLLIC565/4046.
5. FrequencymultiplicationusingPLLIC565/4046.
6. FMmodulatoranddemodulatorusingPLLIC565/4046.
Page 59 of 98

7. Lossmeasurementsandnumericalapertureinopticalfiber.
8. Linearcontrolsystemusingfiberopticalcommunicationmethod.
9. Telemetryusingopticalfibersystem.
10. StudyofreflexKlystronmodesusingXbandandoscilloscope.
11. Studyofpropagationcharacteristicsinawaveguide.
12. Simulation of radiation patterns of various antennas.
II Computation
2. Interpolation
References:
(i) Opamp and linear ICs by Ramakant Gayakwad (3
rd
ed. 1993, Prentice Hall of
India).
(ii) ModernElectronicCommunicationbyGaryM.Miller(6
th
ed.,1999,PrenticeHall
(iii) Opamp and linear integrated circuits by Coughlin and Driscoll (4
th
ed. 1992,
PrenticeHallofIndia).
(iv) IntegrateCircuitsbyK.R.Botkar(8
th
ed.,KhannaPublishers,Delhi).
(v) Design with Operational Amplifiers and Analog Integrated Circuits by Sergio
Franco(3
rd
ed.,TataMcGrawHill).
(vi) Analog and Digital Communication Systems by Martin S. Roden (5
th
ed., Shroff
PublishersandDistributorsPvt.Ltd.).
(vii) MicrowavesbyK.C.Gupta(NewAgeInternationalLtd.).
(viii) Electronic Communications by Dennis Roddy and John Coolen (4
th
ed., Pearson
Education).
(ix) Basic microwave techniques and laboratory manual by M. L. Sisodia and G. S.
Raghuvanshi(WileyEasternLtd.1987.).
(x) Electronic communication systems by George Kennedy and Bernard Davis (4
th
ed.,TataMcGrawHillPublishingCompanyLtd.,NewDelhi).
(xi) DigitalcommunicationsystemsbyHaroldKolimbiris(PearsonEducationAsia).
(xii) OpticalfibercommunicationbyG.Keiser(3
rd
ed.,McGrawHill).
(xiii) Digital signal processing demystified by James D. Broesch (Penram International
Publications,India).
(xiv) The indispensable PC hardware book HansPeter Messmer, Addison Wesley
(PEA).
(xv) ParallelportcompletebyJanAxelson,(PenramInternationalPublications,India).
(xvi) SerialportcompletebyJanAxelson,(PenramInternationalPublications,India).
(xvii) 8031/8051ManuelProvidedbythemanufacturers
Page 60 of 98

(xviii) .AVD:MicrocontrollersbyAjayV.Deshmukh,TataMcgrawHillPublication
(xix) The8051Microcontroller&EmbeddedSystemsbyM.A.Mazidi,J.G.Mazidiand
R.D.Mckinlay,SecondEdition,Pearson
(xx) StartingoutwithC++fromControlstructuresthroughobjects,byTonyGaddis,
Sixthedition,PenramInternationalPublications,India
(xxi) ObjectOrientedProgrammingwithC++,ByE.Balagurusamy,2
nd
ed.TMH.
Note:
examinations.
Page 61 of 98

SemesterIV
SemesterIV:PaperI:
Courseno:PSPH401ExperimentalPhysics(60hours4Credits)
UnitI
Data Analysis for Physical Sciences: Population and Sample, Data distributions Probability,
Probability Distribution, Distribution of Real Data, The normal distribution, The normal
distribution,Fromareaunderanormalcurvetoaninterval,Distributionofsamplemeans,The
centrallimittheorem,Thetdistribution,Thelognormaldistribution,Assessingthenormalityof
data, Population mean and continuous distributions, Population mean and expectation value,
ThebinomialdistributionThePoissondistribution,ExperimentalError,Measurement,errorand
uncertainty, The process of measurement, True value and error, Precision and accuracy,
Random and systematic errors, Random errors, Uncertainty in measurement, Combining
uncertainties, Expanded uncertainty, Relative standard uncertainty, Coping with outliers,
Weightedmean,Leastsquares,Theequationofastraightline,Excel'sLINESTQfunction,Using
the line of best fit, Fitting a straight line to data when random errors are confined to the x
quantity, Linear correlation coefficient, Residuals, Data rejection, Transforming data for least
squaresanalysis,Weightedleastsquares,Testsofsignificance,Hypothesistesting,Comparingx
with
0
when sample sizes are small Significance testing for least squares parameters
Comparison of the means of two samples Comparing variances using the F test Comparing
expectedandobservedfrequenciesusingthe%2testAnalysisofvariance
Main Reference: Data Analysis for Physical Sciences (Featuring Excel) Les Kirkup, 2
nd
Edition,
CambridgeUniversityPress(2012),Chapters16and9
Additional Reference: Statistical Methods in Practice for scientists ad Technologists, Richard

BoddyandGordonSmith,JohnWiley&Sons(2009)
InternaltestswillbeofsolvingproblemsusingExcel.
UnitII
Vacuum Techniques: Fundamental processes at low pressures, Mean Free Path, Time to form
monolayer, Number density, Materials used at low pressurs, vapour pressure Impingement
rate, Flow of gases, Laminar and turbulent flow, Production of low pressures; High Vacuum
Page 62 of 98

Pumps and systems, Ultra High Vacuum Pumps and System, Measurement of pressure, Leak
detections(9Lectures)
References:
I. VacuumTechnology,A.Roth,NorthHollandAmsterdam
II. UltraHighVacuumTechniques,D.K.Avasthi,A.Tripathi,A.C.Gupta,AlliedPublishers
Pvt.Ltd(2002)
III. VacuumScienceandTechnology,V.V.Rao,T.B.Ghosh,K.L.Chopra,AlliedPublishers
Pvt.Ltd(2001)
Instruments and Techniques: Instrumentation for UVvisible spectrophotometer, Fourier

TransformIRtechnique,(3Lectures)
Reference:PrinciplesofInstrumentalAnalysis,DouglasA.Skoog,F.JamesHoller,andStanleyR.
Crouch,Brooks/ColePubCo,6
th
edition
UnitIII
Nuclear Detectors: Gas Detector with emphasis on GM counter, NaI Scintillation Detector,
GammarayspectrometerusingNaIscintillationdetector
Acclerators: Cockroft Walten Generator, Van de Graaf Generator, Sloan and Lawrence type
LinearAccelerator,ProtonLinearAccelerator,Cyclotron,Synchrotron
References
I. NuclearRadiationDetectionWilliamJamesPrice,McGrawHill
II. TechniquesforNuclearandParticlePhysicsExperiments,W.R.Leo,SpringerVerlag
III. RadiationDetectionandMeasurement,GlennF.Knoll,JohnWileyandsons,Inc.
IV. ParticleAccelerators,Livingston,M.S.;Blewett,J.
V. IntroductiontoNuclearPhysics,HAEnge,pp345353
VI. Electricity&MagnetismandAtomicPhysicsVol.II,J.Yarwood
VII. PrinciplesofParticleAccelerators,E.Persico,E.Ferrari,S.E.Segre
UnitIV
Characterizationtechniquesformaterialsanalysis:UVVisiblespectroscopy,FTIRspectroscopy,
RamanSpectroscopy,MossbauerSpectroscopy,RBS,XRD,XRF,SEM,EDAX,TEM,XPS
References:
i. An Introduction to Materials Characterization, Khangaonkar P. R., Penram
InternationalPublishing
Page 63 of 98

ii. Mssbauer Effect: Principles and Applications, G. K. Wertheim, Academic Press
(1964),
iii. FundamentalsofMolecularSpectroscopy,C.N.Banwell,TataMcGrawHill
iv. Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry, W. K. Chu, J. W. Mayer, M. A. Nicolet,
AcademicPress
v. A Guide to Materials Characterization and Chemical Analysis, John P. Sibilia, Wiley
VCH;2edition
vi. FundamentalsofSurfaceandThinFilmAnalysis,L.C.FeldmanandJ.W.MayerNorth
Hollandamsterdam
vii. ElementsofXraydiffraction,Cullity,B.DAddisonWesleyPublishingCompany,Inc.
SemesterIV:PaperII:
Courseno:PSPH402AtomicandMolecularPhysics(60hours4Credits)
UnitI:
Review* of oneelectron eigenfunctions and energy levels of bound states, Probability
density,Virialtheorem.(1lecture)
Fine structure of hydrogenic atoms, Lamb shift. Hyperfine structure and isotope shift.
(ER86)(2lecture)
LinearandquadraticStarkeffectinsphericalpolarcoordinates.Zeemaneffectinstrong
andweakfields,PaschenBackeffect.(BJ,GW)(5lectures)
Schrodingerequationfortwoelectronatoms:Identicalparticles,TheExclusionPrinciple.
Exchange forces and the helium atom (ER), independent particle model, ground and excited
statesoftwoelectronatoms.(BJ)(4lectures)
UnitII
The central field, ThomasFermi potential, the gross structure of alkalis (GW). The
Hartree theory, ground state of multielectron atoms and the periodic table (ER), The LS
coupling approximation, allowed terms in LS coupling, fine structure in LS coupling, relative
intensities in LS coupling, jj coupling approximation and other types of coupling (GW) (12
lectures)
UnitIII:
Interaction of one electron atoms with electromagnetic radiation: Electromagnetic
radiation and its interaction with charged particles, absorption and emission transition rates,
Page 64 of 98

dipole approximation. Einstein coefficients, selection rules. Line intensities and life times of
excitedstate,lineshapesandlinewidths.Xrayspectra.(BJ)(12lectures)
UnitIV:
BornOppenheimer approximation rotational, vibrational and electronic energy levels
of diatomic molecules, Linear combination of atomic orbitals (LCAO)and Valence bond (VB)
approximations,comparisonofvalencebondandmolecularorbitaltheories(4lectures)(GA,IL)
A)Rotationofmolecules:rotationalenergylevelsofrigidandnonrigiddiatomicmolecules,
classification of molecules, linear, spherical, symmetric and asymmetric tops. B) Vibration of
molecules: vibrational energy levels of diatomic molecules, simple harmonic and anharmonic
oscillators,diatomicvibratingrotatorandvibrationalrotationalspectra.c)Electronicspectraof
diatomic molecules: vibrational and rotational structure of electronic spectra.(4 lectures) (GA,
IL)
QuantumtheoryofRamaneffect,PurerotationalRamanspectra,VibrationalRaman
spectra,PolarizationoflightandtheRamaneffect,Applications(2lectures)
GeneraltheoryofNuclearMagneticResonance(NMR).NMRspectrometer,Principleof
ElectronspinresonanceESR.ESRspectrometer(2lectures).(GA,IL)
(*Mathematical details can be found in BJ. The students are expected to be acquainted with
thembutnotexaminedinthese.)
Reference:
1. Robert Eisberg and Robert Resnick, Quantum physics of Atoms, Molecules, Solids, Nuclei
andParticles,JohnWiley&Sons,2
nd
ed,(ER)
2. B.H.BransdenandG.J.Joachain,Physicsofatomsandmolecules,PearsonEducation2
nd
ed,
2004(BJ)
3. G.K.Woodgate,ElementaryAtomicStructure,Oxforduniversitypress,2
nd
ed,(GW).
4. G.Aruldhas,Molecularstructureandspectroscopy,PrenticeHallofIndia2
nd
ed,2002(GA)
5. IraN.Levine,QuantumChemistry,PearsonEducation,5
th
edition,2003(IL)
Additionalreference:
1. Leighton,PrincipalsofModernPhysics,McGrawhill
2. IgorI.Sobelman,TheoryofAtomicSpectra,AlphaScienceInternationalLtd.2006
3. C.N.Banwell,Fundamentalsofmolecularspectroscopy,TataMcGrawHill,3
rd
ed
4. WolfgangDemtrder,Atoms,molecules&photons,SpringerVerlag2006
5. SuneSvanberg,AtomicandMolecularSpectroscopySpringer,3
rd
ed2004
6. C.J.Foot,AtomicPhysics,OxfordUniversityPress,2005(CF)
Page 65 of 98

SemesterIV:ElectivePaperIII
Courseno.:PSPHET401:ExperimentalTechniquesInNuclearPhysics(60lectures,4credits)
UNITI:(12lectures+3Tutorials)
Radiationsources:electrons,heavychargedparticles,neutrons,neutrinos,andelectromagnetic
radiation.Chargeparticleinteraction:Stoppingpower,energylossandrangestraggling,scaling
laws, bremsstrahlung, Cherenkov radiation. Interaction of photons: photoelectric effect,
Compton scattering, pair production. Slow and fast neutron crosssections, neutrino
interactions,Radiationexposureanddose,Biologicaleffects,RadiationsafetyinNuclearPhysics
Laboratory.
UNITII:(11lectures+4tutorials)
CharacteristicsofProbabilityDistributions,ThebinomialDistributions,ThePoissonDistribution,
The Gaussian Distribution, Measurement of errors: systematic errors, Random errors. Error
propagation General Characteristics of Detectors: detector response and sensitivity, energy
resolution,timingcharacteristics,deadtime,detectionefficiency.Modesofdetectoroperation.
UNITIII:(11lectures+4tutorials)
Gasfilled ionization detectors:ionization chamber, proportional counters includingMultiWire
Proportional Counters, GeigerMuller counter. Scintillation detectors: organic (crystals, liquids
andplastics)andinorganic(alkalihalideandactivated).Lightcollection,Photomultipliertubes.
Semiconductor detectors: silicon diode detectors (surface barrier, ionimplanted, lithium
drifted), positionsensitive detectors, intrinsic germanium detectors, Introduction to Large
DetectorArrays.
UNITIV:(11lectures+4tutorials)
ElectronicsforpulseSignalProcessing:Preamplifiers,MainAmplifiers,Pulseshapingnetworks
inAmplifiers,BiasedAmplifiers,Discriminators,ConstantfractionDiscriminator,Singlechannel
Analyser, Analog to Digital converter, Multichannel Analyser, Time to Amplitude Converter.
Delayed Coincidence Techniques, slow and fast Coincidence Techniques, Electrostatic and
MagneticSpectrometers,OverviewofInstrumentationStandards.
Note:tutorialsmayincludedemonstrationofthevariousinstruments
References:
1. TechniquesforNuclearandParticlePhysicsExperiments,W.R.Leo,SpringerVerlag
2. RadiationDetectionandMeasurement,GlennF.Knoll,JohnWileyandsons,Inc.
3. TechniquesforNuclearandParticlePhysicsExperiments,StefaanTavernier,Springer
Page 66 of 98

SemesterIV:ElectivePaperIV
Courseno.:PSPHET402:ParticlePhysics(60lectures,4credits)
UNITI:GENERALCONCEPTS(12LECTURES+3TUTORIALS)
1. SurveyofParticlePhysics
The four fundamental interactions, classification by interaction strength and decay
lifetimes,numericalestimates,useofnaturalunits.
Classification of elementary particles by masses, interactions and conserved quantum

numbers,selectionrulesforparticledecaysandscattering.
2. ExperimentalTechniques:
Particle detectors and accelerators: cloud and bubble chambers, emulsion techniques,
electronic detectors, proportional counters, fixed target and collider machines, basic
ideaofcyclotron,synchrotronandlinac.
3. KleinGordonequation
Relativistic energymomentum relation, KleinGordon equation, solutions of the
equation,probabilityconservationproblem,relationwithnegativeenergystates.
4. Diracequation
Dirac equation, algebra of matrices, conservation of probability, solutions of Dirac
equation, helicity and chirality, Lorentz covariance, bilinear covariants, trace relations
andsimilaridentities,C,PandTinvarianceoftheDiracequation.
UNITII:QUANTUMELECTRODYNAMICS(11LECTURES+4TUTORIALS)
5. TheQEDLagrangian
Structure of the QED Lagrangian, gauge invariance and conserved current, scalar
electrodynamics,FeynmanrulesforQED(noderivation).
6. BasicProcessesinQED
Feynman diagram calculation for c
+
c
-
- p
+
p
-
, phase space integration, Mller and
Bhabha scattering, polarisation vectors, Compton scattering and pair
creation/annihilation,KleinNishinaformula.
7. HigherOrdersinQED
Concept of multiloop diagrams (no computation), momentum integral, UV and IR
singularities,ideaofregularisation,runningcouplingconstant.
Page 67 of 98

UNITIII:QUARKPARTONMODEL(11LECTURES+4TUTORIALS)
8. TheEightfoldWay
Isospin and strangeness, introduction to unitary groups, generators, Casimir invariants,
fundamentalandadjointrepresentations,rootandweightdiagrams,mesonandbaryon
octets,baryondecupletandthepredictionofthe
-
,GellMannNishijimaformula.
9. QuarkModel
Product representations and irreps, symmetry group, Young tableaux, quark model,
mesonandbaryonwavefunctions.
10. DeepInelasticScattering
Elastic scattering off a point particle, form factors, Rosenbluth formula, Breit frame,
inelasticscattering,structurefunctions,dimensionlessvariables.
11. PartonModel
Bjorken scaling, parton model, structure functions in terms of PDFs, CallanGross
relation,kinematicregions,valenceandseaquarks,gluons.
UNITIV:WEAKINTERACTIONS(11LECTURES+4TUTORIALS)
12. Fermitheory
Beta decay, Fermi and GamowTeller transitions, currentcurrent form of weak
interactions,Fermiconstant,universality,unitarityviolationathighenergies.
13. Intermediatevectorbosons
w
_
bosons, unitarity, requirement of conserved currents, muon decay, pion decay,
formfactor.
14. Parityviolation
Intrinsic parity, parity conservation in strong and electromagnetic interactions, parity
violation in weak interactions, experiments of Wu et al and of Goldhaber et al,
maximalparityviolation.
15. FlavourMixingandCPViolation
FCNC suppression, Cabibbo hypothesis, kaon decays, thetatau puzzle, K
0
-K
mixing,regenerationexperiment,GIMmechanism,CKMmatrixandquarkmixing.
Suggestedreading:
1. IntroductiontoElementaryParticles,byD.Griffiths(Wiley1987).
2. QuarksandLeptons,byF.HalzenandA.D.Martin(Wiley1984).
3. ParticlePhysics,byB.R.MartinandG.Shaw(Wiley2008).
Page 68 of 98

Courseno.:PSPHET403:PropertiesofSolids(60lectures,4credits)

UnitIOpticalandDielectricproperties
Maxwells equations and the dielectric function, Lorentz oscillator, the Local field and the
frequencydependenceofthedielectricconstant,Polarizationcatastrophe,Ferroelectrics
AbsorptionandDispersion,KraemersKronigrelationsandsumrules,singleelectronexcitations
andplasmonsinsimplemetals,Reflectivityandphotoemissioninmetalsandsemiconductors
Interbandtransitionsandintroductiontoexcitons,Infraredspectroscopy
UnitIITransportProperties
Motionofelectronsandeffectivemass,TheBoltzmannequationandrelaxationtime,Electrical
conductivity of metals and alloys, Mathiessens rule, Thermoelectric effects, WiedmannFranz
Law,Lorentznumber,acconductivity,Galvanomagneticeffects
UnitIIIMagnetismandMagneticmaterials
Review:Basicconceptsandunits,basictypesofmagneticorder
Origin of atomic moments, Heisenberg exchange interaction, Localized and itinerant electron
magnetism,Stonercriterionforferromagnetism,Indirectexchangemechanism:superexchange
andRKKY
Magneticphasetransition:IntroductiontoIsingModelandresultsbasedonMeanfieldtheory
Other types of magnetic order: superparamagnetism, helimagnetism, metamagnetism, spin
glasses
Magnetic phenomena: Hysteresis, Magnetostriction, Magnetoresistance, Magnetocaloric and

magnetoopticeffect
MagneticMaterials:Softandhardmagnets,permanentmagnets,mediaformagneticrecording
UnitIV:Superconductivity
The phenomenon of superconductivity: Perfect conductivity and Meissner effect,
Electrodynamics of superconductivity: Londons equations, Thermodynamics of the
superconductingphasetransition:Freeenergy,entropyandspecificheatjump
GinzburgLandau theory of superconductivity: GL equations, GL parameter and classification

intoTypeIandTypeIIsuperconductors,Themixedstateofsuperconductors
Page 69 of 98

Microscopictheory:TheCooperproblem,TheBCSHamiltonian,BCSgroundstate
Josephsoneffect:dcandaceffects,Quantuminterference
Superconducting materials and applications: Conventional and High Tc superconductors,

superconductingmagnetsandtransmissionlines,SQUIDs
References
1. SolidStatePhysics,H.IbachandH.Luth,Springer(Berlin)2003(IL)
2. SolidStatePhysics,NeilAshcroftandDavidMermin(AM)
3. IntroductiontoSolidStatePhysics(7
th
/8
th
ed)CharlesKittel(K)
4. PrinciplesofCondensedMatterPhysics,ChaikinandLubensky(CL)
5. IntermediatetheoryofSolids,AlexanderAnimalu(AA)
6. OpticalPropertiesofSolids,FrederickWooten,AcPress(NewYork)1972(FW)
7. ElectronsandPhonons,JMZiman
8. Electron transport in metals, J .L. Olsen
9. Physics of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, K.H.J . Buschow and F.R. de Boer
10. Introduction to Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, D. J iles
11. Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, B. D. Cullity
12. Solid State Magnetism, J . Crangle
13. Magnetism in Solids, D. H. Martin
14. Superconductivity Today, T.V. Ramakrishnan and C.N.R.Rao
15. Superconductivity, Ketterson and Song
16. Introduction to Superconductivity, Tinkham
Courseno.:PSPHET404:Crystalline&Noncrystallinesolids,(60lectures,4credits)

UnitI:CrystalGrowthandCrystalDefects
Crystal growth: Phase equilibria and Crystallization Techniques, phase diagrams and solubility
curves,KineticsofNucleation,Rateequation,Heterogeneousandsecondarynucleation,Crystal
surfaces, growth mechanisms, mass transport, crystal morphology,, influence of
supersaturation, temperature, solvents, impurities; Polymorphism phase transition and
kinetics.
Crystal Defects: Point Defects, equilibrium concentration of point defects, Activation Energy,
Colour Centres, Screw and Edge Dislocations, Burger Vector and Burger circuit, Frank Read
source,StackingFaults,Grainboundaries,partialdislocations.RoleofCrystalDefectsinCrystal
Growth
Page 70 of 98

UnitII:CrystalGrowthTechnology
Silicon, Compound semiconductors, CdTe, CdZnTe ,Czochralski technique, Bridgman
technique, Float zone Process, Liquid Phase expitaxy, Molecular Beam epitaxy. Growth of
Oxide&HalidecrystalsTechniquesandapplications,
UnitIII:NonCrystallineSolids:
AmorphousMaterials:Amorphoussemiconductors:Processing,Properties:(1)Structuraland
Electrical conduction mechanism, bandgap, Hall effect (2)Optical:Absorption of light(U.V.,I.R)
Applications of amorphous semiconductors: Solar Cells, Device and Device Materials
Amorphous Metals: Metallic Glasses, Quasi Crystals. Rapid Quenching Technique, Properties
Applications.
Liquid Crystals: Classificationisotropicnematic, smecticcholestic phases, Phase transition of

liquidphases,Properties:optical,electricandmagneticfields,Applicationofliquidcrystals
Polymers: Major Polymer Transitions, Polymer Synthesis and Structures, Chain Polymer and
Step Polymer, Cross Linking, fillers, Macromolecule Hypothesis, Phases: amorphous &
CrystallineStates
UnitIV:BulkCharacterizationTechniques
BulkCharacterizationTechniquesandtheirapplications:NormalandsmallangleXRD,FTIR,UV
Spectroscopy,XrayFluorescence,Mossbauer,NMR,ESR,neutrondiffraction
References:
Unit1.
1. from Molecules to Crystallizers: An introduction to Crystallization Roger Davy and
JohnGarsideOxfordUniversityPress(2000)
2. C.KittelSolidstatePhysics:anIntroduction5thedWileyeasternChap17and18.
3. N.W.AshcroftandN.D.MerminSolidStatePhysicsSaundersCollegeChap30.
Unit2
1. CrystalGrowthTechnologyedHansJ.ScheelandTsuguoFukudaWiley(2004)
Unit3:
(a) Liquidcrystals
Page 71 of 98

1. PeterJ.CollinsandMichaelHind(TaylorandFrancis)Chap1and9
(b) Amorphoussemiconductors
2. R.ZallenthePhysicsofAmorphousSolidsJohnWileyNY(1983)
3. M.H.Brodsky(ed)TopicsinAppliedPhysics38AmorphousSemiConductors(1979).
4. S.E.ElliotPhysicsofamorphousMaterialsLongmanGp.London(1990)
(c) Polymers
5. L.H.SperlingIntroductiontoPhysicalPolymerScienceWileyinterScience(2001)Chap
1andChap5and6(relevantportionsonly)
6. FredW.BillmeyerTextbookofPolymerScienceWileyinterscience(1971)
Unit4:
1. SpectroscopyedD.R.BrowningMcGrawHill(1969)
2. Characterization of Materials John B. Watchman and Zwi H. Kalman, Manning
Publications(1993)
3. D.A.Scoog,F.J.HollerandT.A.NiemanPrinciplesofInstrumentAnalysisHarcourtPvt
ltd.(1998).
Courseno.:PSPHET405:MicroprocessorsandARM7(60lectures,4credits)
UnitI:
8085 Interrupts: The 8085 Interrupt, 8085 Vectored Interrupts, Restart as Software
Instructions,AdditionalI/OConceptsandProcesses.
RSGCh12:12.1,12.2,12.3,12.4
Programmable Peripheral and Interface Devices: The 8255A Programmable Peripheral
Interface,InterfacingKeyboardandSevenSegmentDisplay,the8259AProgrammableInterrupt
Controller, Direct Memory Access (DMA) and 8237 DMA Controller, the 8279 Programmable
Keyboard/DisplayInterface
RSGCh15:15.1,15.2,15.5,15.6&Ch14:only14.3
Serial I/O and Data Communication: Basic Concepts in Serial I/O, Software Controlled
AsynchronousSerialI/O,The8085SerialI/Olines:SODandSID
RSGCh16:16.1,16.2,16.3,
Ref. RSG: Microprocessor Architecture, Programming and Applications with the 8085 by
RameshS.Gaonkar,FifthEditionPenramInternationalPublication(India)PvtLtd
Page 72 of 98

UnitII
8086microprocessor:
Register organization of 8086, Architecture, Signal Descriptions of 8086, Physical Memory
Organization, General Bus operation, I/O Addressing Capability, Special Processor Activities,
Minimummode8086systemandtimings,Maximummodeof8086systemandtimings.
ABCh1:1.1,1.2,1.3,1.4,1.5,1.6,1.7,1.8,1.9.
8086Instructionsetandassemblerdirectives:
MachineLanguageInstructionsFormats,Addressingmodesof8086,Instructionsetof8086.
ABCh2:2.1,2.2,2.3.
TheArtofAssemblyLanguageProgrammingwith8086:
Afewmachinelevelprograms,Machinecodingtheprograms,Programmingwithanassembler
(onlyusingDebug),Assemblylanguageexampleprograms.
ABCh3:3.1,3.2,3.3.4&3.4
Specialarchitecturalfeaturesandrelatedprogramming:
Introduction to Stack, Stack structure of 8086, Interrupts and Interrupt Service Routines,
Interruptcycleof8086,Nonmaskableinterrupt,Maskableinterrupt(INTR).
ABCh4:4.1,4.2,4.3,4.4,4.5,4.6
Ref. AB: Advanced Microprocessors and Peripherals by a K Ray and K M Bhurchandi Second
EditionTataMcGrawHillPublishingCompanyLtd.
(Note:AlsoreferIntels8086DataSheet)
UnitIII:ARM7:
The ARM Architecture: The Acorn RISC Machine, Architectural inheritance, The ARM
Programmersmodel,ARMdevelopmenttools.
SFCh2:2.1,2.2,2.3,2.4
ARMOrganizationandImplementation:3stagePipelineARMorganization,ARMinstruction
execution,ARMimplementation.
SFCh4:4.1,4.3,4.4
ARMProcessorCores:ARM7TDMI
SFCh9:9.1only
Ref.SF:ARMSystemonChipArchitecture,bySteveFurber,SecondEdition,Pearson
Page 73 of 98

UnitIV:ARM7
ARM Assembly language Programming: Data processing instructions, Data transfer
instructions,Controlflowinstructions,Writingsimpleassemblylanguageprograms.
SFCh3:3.1,3.2,3.3,3.4
The ARM Instruction Set: Introduction, Exceptions, Condition execution, Branch and Branch
with Link (B, BL), Branch, Branch with Link and eXchange (BX,BLX), Software Interrupt (SWI),
Dataprocessinginstructions,Multiplyinstructions,Countleadingzeros(CLZ),Singlewordand
unsigned byte data transfer instructions, Halfword and signed byte data transfer instructions,
Multiple register transfer instructions, Swap memory and register instructions (SWP), Status
register to general register transfer instructions, General register to Status register transfer
instructions
SFCh5:5.1,5.2,5.3,5.4,5.5,5.6,5.7,5.8,5.9,5.10,5.11,5.12,5.13,5.14,5.15
The Thumb Instruction Set: the Thumb bit in the CPSR, The Thumb programmers model,
Thumb branch instructions, Thumb software interrupt instruction, Thumb data processing
instructions, Thumb single register data transfer instructions, Thumb multiple register data
transfer instructions, Thumb breakpoint instruction, Thumb implementation, Thumb
applications,Exampleandexercises.
SFCh7:7.1,7.2,7.3,7.4,7.5,7.6,7.7,7.8,7.9,7.10,7.11
Ref.SF:ARMSystemonChipArchitecture,bySteveFurber,SecondEdition,Pearson
AdditionalRef:
1 Microprocessorsandinterfacing,programmingandhardware,ByDouglasV.Hall(TMH)
2 8086Microprocessor:ProgrammingandInterfacingK.J.Ayala,PenramInternational
Courseno.:PSPHET406:VHDLandCommunicationInterface(60lectures,4credits)
UnitI:VHDLI:
Introduction to VHDL: VHDL Terms, Describing Hardware in VHDL, Entity, Architectures ,
Concurrent Signal Assignment , Event Scheduling, Statement concurrency, Structural Designs,
Sequential Behavior, Process Statements, Process Declarative Region, Process Statement Part,
Process Execution, Sequential Statements, Architecture Selection, Configuration Statements,
PowerofConfigurations.
DLPCh1
Page 74 of 98

Behavioral Modeling: Introduction to Behavioral Modeling, Transport Versus Inertial Delay,
InertialDelay,TransportDelay,InertialDelayModel,TransportDelayModel,SimulationDeltas,
Drivers, Driver Creation, Bad Multiple Driver Model, Generics, Block Statements, Guarded
Blocks.
DLPCh2
Sequential Processing: Process Statement, Sensitivity List, Process Example, Signal Assignment
Versus Variable Assignment, Incorrect Mux Example, Correct Mux Example, Sequential
Statements, IF Statements, CASE Statements, LOOP statements, NEXT Statement, EXIT
Statement, ASSERT Statement, Assertion BNF, WAIT Statements, WAIT ON Signal, WAIT UNTIL
Expression, WAIT FOR time_expression, Multiple WAIT Conditions, WAIT TimeOut, Sensitivity
ListVersusWAITStatement,ConcurrentAssignmentProblem,PassiveProcesses.
DLPCh3
Ref. DLP: VHDL programming by example by Douglas L. Perry, Fourth edition, Tata McGraw
Hill
UnitII:VHDLII:
Data Types: Object Types, Signal, Variables, Constants, Data Types, Scalar Types, Composite
Types,IncompleteTypes,FileTypes,FileTypeCaveats,Subtypes.
DLPCh4
SubprogramsandPackages:Subprograms Function, Conversion Functions, Resolution

Functions, Procedures, Packages, Package Declaration, Deferred Constants, Subprogram
Declaration,PackageBody.
DLPCh5
Predefined Attributes: Value Kind Attributes, Value Type Attributes, Value Array Attributes,
Value Block Attributes, Function Kind Attributes, Function Type Attributes, Function Array
Attributes, Function Signal Attributes, Attributes EVENT and ,LASTVALUE Attribute LAST
EVENT Attribute, ACTIVE and LASTACTIVE Signal Kind Attributes, Attribute DELAYED,
AttributeSTABLE,AttributeQUIET,AttributeTRANSACTION,TypeKindAttributes,RangeKind
Attributes.
DLPCh6
Configurations:DefaultConfigurations,ComponentConfigurations,LowerLevelConfigurations,
EntityArchitecture Pair Configuration, Port Maps, Mapping Library Entities, Generics in
Page 75 of 98

Configurations, Generic Value Specification in Architecture, Generic Specifications in
Configurations,BoardSocketChipAnalogy,BlockConfigurations,Architectureconfigurations.
DLPCh7
Ref. DLP: VHDL programming by example by Douglas L. Perry, Fourth edition, Tata McGraw
Hill
UnitIII:UnderstandingUSBandUSBProtocols
USB Basics: Uses and limits, Evolution of an interface, Bus components, Division of Labor,
DevelopingaDevice.
JACh1
Inside USB Transfers: Transfer Basics, Elements of a Transfer, USB 2.0 Transactions, Ensuring
SuccessfulTransfers,SuperSpeedTransactions.
JACh2
A Transfer Type for Every Purpose: Control transfers, Bulk Transfers, Interrupt Transfers,
IsochronousTransfers,Moreabouttimecriticaltransfers.
JACh3
Enumeration:HowtheHostlearnsaboutdevices:TheProcess,Descriptors.
JACh4
Control Transfers: Structured Requests for Critical Data: Elements of a Control Transfer,
StandardRequests,OtherRequests.
JACh5
ChipChoices:ComponentsofUSBdevice.
JACh6:Pages137141
HowtheHostCommunicates:DeviceDrivers,InsidetheLayers,WritingDrivers,UsingGUIDs.
JACh8
Ref. JA: The Developers Guide USB Complete, by Jan Axelson, Fourth Edition, Penram
InternationalPublishing(India)PvtLtd
UnitIV:CommunicationInterface
On board Communication Interface: Inter Integrated Circuit (I2C), Serial Peripheral Interface
(SPI),UniversalAsynchronousReceiverTransmitter(UART),WireInterface,ParallelInterface
Page 76 of 98

ExternalCommunicationInterfaces:RS232&RS485,USB,IEEE1394(Firewire),Infrared(IrDA),
Bluetooth,WiFi,ZigBee,GPRS.
SKV:Ch2:2.4
DetailedstudiesofI2CBusrefer:
I2CBusSpecificationVersion2.1byPhilips(Pages418and2730)
(Downloadfromwww.nxp.com)
TheI2CBusBenefitsdesignersandmanufacturers(Art2:2.1,2.2)
IntroductiontotheI2CBusSpecification(Art3)
TheI2CBusConcept(Art4)
GeneralCharacteristics(Art5)
BitTransfer(Art6)
Datavalidity(6.1),STARTandSTOPconditions(6.2)
TransferringData(Art7)
Byteformat7.1,Acknowledge7.2
ArbitrationandClockGeneration(Art8)
Synchronization(8.1),Arbitration(8.2),Useoftheclocksynchronizingmechanismas
ahandshake(8.3)
Formatswith7BitAddresses(Art9)
7BitAddressing(Art10)
Definitionofbitsinthefirstbyte(10.1)
10BitAddressing(Art14)
Definitionofbitsinthefirsttwobytes(14.1),Formatswith10bitaddresses(14.2)
DetailedstudyofBluetooth:Overview,RadioSpecifications,FHSS
WS:Ch15:15.1,15.2uptoPage512
Ref:SKV:Introductiontoembeddedsystems,byShibuK.V.,SixthReprint2012,TataMcgraw
Hill
WS:WirelessCommunicationsandNetworks,byWilliamStallings,2
nd
editionPearson
Course no.: PSPHET407: Digital Communication Systems and Python Programming language
(60lectures,4credits)
UnitI:
Page 77 of 98

Digital Modulation: Introduction , information capacity , bits , bit rate , Baud and MAry
encoding,ASK,FSK,PSK,QAM,Bandwidthefficiency,carrierrecovery,clockrecovery.
Digital Transmission: Introduction, Pulse modulation, PCM sampling, Signal to quantization
noiseratio,Commanding,PCMlinespeed,DeltamodulationPCM,Adaptivedeltamodulation.
UnitII:
Telephone Instruments and Signals: Introduction, The subscriber Loop, Standard telephone
set,Basictelephonecallprocedures,Callprogresstonesandsignals,Cordlesstelephones,Caller
ID,Electronictelephones,pagingsystem.
Telephone Circuits: Introduction, Local subscriber loop, Transmission parameters and private
linecircuits(conceptsonly),Voicefrequencycircuitarrangement.
UnitIII:
Study of PC Serial Port: Options and choices, Formats and protocols, The PCs serial port from
theconnectorin,PCprogramming.
Cellular Phone Concepts : Introduction , Mobile phone service , evolution of cellular phone ,
frequency reuse , interference , cell Splitting , sectoring , segmentation and dualization ,
cellularsystemtopology,roamingandhandoffs
Cellular Phone Systems: Digital cellular phone, Interim standard 95, CDMA, GSM
communication.
UnitIV:
Python Programming language: Introduction, Installing Python, First steps, The basics,
operatorsandexpressions,controlflow,Functions.
MainReferences:
[1]AdvancedElectronicCommunicationsSystems(Sixthedition)byWayneTomasi(PHIEEEd)
[2]SerialPortCompletebyJanAxelson;PenramInternationalPublications.
[3]AByteofPythonbyC.H.Swaroop.
[1] Electronic Communication Systems Fundamentals Through Advanced by Wayne Tomasi;
4thEdition,PearsoneducationSingapore.
[2] Electronic Communications by Dennis Roddy and John Coolen, (4
th
ed., Pearson
Education).
[3] Modern Electronic Communication by Gary M. Miller, (6
th
ed., Prentice Hall International,
Inc.).
[4]WirelessCommunicationTechnologybyRoyBlake,(DelmarThomsonLearning).
Page 78 of 98

[5]DigitalCommunicationsSystemsbyHaroldKolimbiris,(PearsonEducationAsia).
Courseno.:PSPHET408:ComputerNetworking(60lectures,4credits)
UnitI:
Overview of Data Communication and Networking: Introduction, Data communications,
Networks, The internet, Protocols and standards; Network models, Layered tasks, Internet
model,OSImodel.
Data Link layer: Error detection and correction, Types of errors, Detection, Error correction,
Data link control and protocols, Flow and error control, Stop and wait ARQ, GobackN ARQ,
Selective repeat ARQ, HDLC, Point to point access, Pont to point protocol, PPP stack, Multiple
access,Randomaccess,Controlledaccess,Channelization.
UnitII:
Local Area Networks: Ethernet: Traditional ethernet, Fast ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet, Wireless
LANs, IEEE 802.11, Bluetooth. Connecting LANs,Connectingdevices (Repeaters,Hubs, Bridges,
Two layer switch, Router and three layer switches), Backbone networks, Virtual LANs, Virtual
circuitswitching,Framerelay,ATM,ATMLANs.
UnitIII:
Network Layer: Internetworks, Addressing, Routing, Network layer protocols, ARP, IP, ICMP,
IPV6, Unicast and multicast routing protocols, Unicast routing, Unicast routing Protocols,
Multicastrouting,MulticastroutingProtocols.
Transport Layer: Process to process delivery, User datagram protocol (UDP), Transmission
controlprotocol(TCP).
Application Layer: Domain name system, Name space, Domain name space, Distribution of
name space, DNS in the internet, Resolution, DNS messages, DDNS, Encapsulation, Electronic
mail,Filetransfer(FTP),HTTP,Worldwideweb(WWW).
UnitIV:
Network Security: Cryptography, Introduction, Symmetric cryptography, Publickey
cryptography, Message security, Digital signature, User authentication, Key management,
Kerberos, Security protocols in the internet, IP level security (IPSEC), Transport level security,
Applicationlayersecurity,Firewalls,Virtualprivatenetwork.
References:
Page 79 of 98

1. Data Communications and Networking by B. A. Forouzan (3
rd
ed., Tata McGraw Hill
PublishingCompanyLtd.,NewDelhi).Chapters
2. Advanced Electronic communications systems (Sixth edition) by Wayne Tomasi (PHI
EEEd)
3. DataCommunicationsandComputerNetworksbyPrakashGupta
Courseno.:PSPHET409:PhysicsofSemiconductorDevices(60lectures,4credits)
UnitI:MetalInsulatorSemiconductor(MIS)Devices:
ReviewofidealMISdevice,SiSiO
2
PracticalMOSdiode,Oxidecharges,defects,Surface
andinterfacestates,CVandGVmeasurementtechniquesandcharacterizationofMOS
devices. Review of MOSFET Basic device characteristics, Types of MOSFETs, Non
uniform doping and buriedchannel devices, Shortchannel effects, MOS transistor
scaling. MOSFET structures HMOS, DMOS, SOI, VMOS, and HEXFET. Charge coupled
devices(CCDs),Nonvolatilememorydevices,Simulation.
UnitII:Microwave,Power&Hotelectrondevices:
Microwave devicesDifferent types of Tunnel diodes, Tunnel transitor, IMPATT diode,
BARITT diode, DOVETT diode, Transferred electron device, Gunn diode, Microwave
transistor, Thyristors, Bipolar power transistor, Hot electron transistor; MOS Power
transistor,HEMT.
UnitIII:OptoelectronicDevices:
LightEmitting Diodes, Liquid crystal displays, Photo detectors, Photodiode materials,
Phototransistor, Solar cells, Materials and design considerations, Thin film solar cells,
amorphoussiliconsolarcells,SemiconductorLasers,Opticalprocessesinsemiconductor
lasers(JSArt.15.8),Heterojunctionlasers.Exciton(JSArt16.1),QuantumconfinedStark
effect (JS.Art16.6), Quantum well IR photodetector, Application of laser in materials
processing, Fiber optical waveguides, Losses and dispersion in fibers, Measurement of
fibercharacteristics,Fibermaterialsandfabrication,Fiberopticssimulation.
UnitIV:Quantumwell&Nanostructures:
Quantum wells: Band structure modifications by heterostructures; Band structure in
quantum wells, quantum wires, quantum dots; Modulation doping; Mobility in a
MODFET quantum well (JS6.2, 6.3, 8.6, 14.2) Nanotechnology: Nanomaterials,
nanostructures, Synthesis of nanoparticles, Semiconductor nanocrystals, Metallic
Page 80 of 98

nanoclusters, Carbon nanostructures, Bulk nanostructured materials,
Microelectromechanicalsystems(MEMS).
MainReferences:
1. S.M.Sze,PhysicsofSemiconductorDevices,JohnWiley,N.Y.,1981,
2. Jasprit Singh, Semiconductor DevicesBasic Principles, Wiley Student Edition, New
Delhi,2009.
3. P.Bhattacharya,SemiconductorOptoelectronicsdevices,PrenticeHall,India,1995.
4. GerdKelser,Opticalfibercommunication,McGrawHill1980.
5. JaspritSingh,PhysicsofSemiconductorsandtheirHeterostructures,
McGrawHill,NewYork,1993.
6. C.P.PooleandF.J.Owens,IntroductiontoNanotechnology,
WileyInterscience,Hoboken,NewJersey,2003.
1. E.H.NicolliananJ.R.Brews,MOSPhysicsandTechnology,JohnWiley,1982,
2. J.WilsonandJ.F.B.Hawkes,Optoelectronics,AnIntroduction,PrenticeHall,1983,
3. JaspritSingh,SemiconductorOptoelectronics,McGrawHill
Courseno.:PSPHET410:SemiconductorTechnology(60lectures,4credits)
UnitI:CrystalgrowthandEpitaxy
(a) Crystal growth: Czochralski technique, Bridgman technique, Float zone process,
Zonerefining,Zonelevelling.
(b) Epitaxy Vapour phase epitaxy (VPE), Liquid phase epitaxy (LPE), Molecular beam
epitaxy(MBE),MOCVD, Heteroepitaxy,GrowthofIIIVcompoundsemiconductors,
Growthofsilicononinsulator(SOI)structures.
(c) Oxidationandfilmdeposition:Oxideformation,kineticsofoxidegrowth,thinoxide
growth,oxidationsystems.
UnitII:DiffusionandIonimplantation
Page 81 of 98

(a) Diffusion: Nature of diffusion, basic diffusion theory, extrinsic Diffusion, diffusion
relatedphysicalprocesses,Borondiffusionsystem,Phosphorusdiffusionsystem.
(b) Ionimplantation: Range of implanted ions, ion distribution, ion stopping, ion
channeling, Radiation damage and annealing, implantation related processes,
evaluation techniques for epitaxial layer, diffused layer implanted layer and oxide
layer.
UnitIII:LithographyandEtching
(a) Lithography: Clean room, Masking, Photoresist, Passivation, Optical, Electronbeam, X
ray&Ionbeamlithography.
(b) Etching:Wetchemicaletching,Dryetching,Plasmaetching.
UnitIV:IntegratedDevices
Device and circuit design and fabrication: Passive componentsIntegrated circuit
resistor, capacitor and inductor. Bipolar technology: Discrete bipolar circuit fabrication,
Bipolar technology, MOSFET technology, MESFET Technology, Fundamental limits of
integrateddevices,ULSITechnology;Simulation.
MainReferences:
1. S.M.Sze,SemiconductorDevicesPhysicsandTechnology,JohnWiley,1985
2. Integrated circuits (Design principles & fabrication) R.M.Warner, Motorola series in
SolidStateElectronics,
3. K.Martin,DigitalIntegratedCircuitDesignOxfordUniversityPress,
YMCA,NewDelhi,2004
1. E.L.Wolf,NanophysicsandNanotechnology,WileyVCHVerlag,Weinheim,2004
2. S.K.Ghandhi,ThetheoryandpracticeofMicroelectronics,JohnWileyandSons,
3. S.M.Sze,VLSITechnology,McGrawHillBook,N.Y.,2
nd
Ed
4. S.K.Ghandhi,VLSIfabricationprinciples,JohnWiley,N.Y.,1983
Courseno.:PSPHET411:Materialsandtheirapplications(60lectures,4credits)
UnitI:
Engineering Alloys, Production of Iron and Steel, The IronIron Carbide Phase Diagram, Heat
Treatment of PlainCarbon Steels, LowAlloy Steels, Aluminum Alloys, Copper Alloys, Stainless
Steels,CastIrons,Magnesium,Titanium,andNickelAlloys,
Page 82 of 98

UnitII:
Corrosion,ElectrochemicalCorrosionofMetals,GalvanicCells,CorrosionRates(Kinetics),Types
ofCorrosion,OxidationofMetals,CorrosionControl
UnitIII:
PolymericMaterials,PolymerizationReactions,IndustrialPolymerizationMethods,Crystallinity
andStereoisomerismInSomeThermoplastics,ProcessingofPlasticMaterials,GeneralPurpose
Thermoplastics, Engineering Thermoplastics, Thermosetting Plastics (Thermosets), Elastomers
(Rubbers),DeformationandStrengtheningofPlasticMaterials,CreepandFractureofPolymeric
Materials.
UnitIV:
Ceramic Materials, Simple Ceramic Crystal Structures, Silicate Structures, Processing of
Ceramics, Traditional and Technical Ceramics, Electrical Properties of Ceramics, Mechanical
Properties of Ceramics, Thermal Properties of Ceramics, Glasses. Composite Materials, Fibers
for ReinforcedPlastic Composite Materials, FiberReinforcedPlastic Composite Materials,
OpenMoldProcessesforFiberReinforcedPlasticCompositeMaterials,ClosedMoldProcesses
forFiberReinforcedPlasticCompositeMaterials,Concrete,Asphaltand.AsphaltMixes,Wood,
SandwichStructures
Reference:
1. WilliamFSmith,JavadHashemi,RaviPrakash,MaterialsScienceandEngineering,Tata
McGrawHill,4
th
Edition.
Courseno.:PSPHET412:Elective12EnergyStudies(60lectures,4credits)
UnitI:
Abriefhistoryofenergytechnology,Globalenergytrends,Globalwarmingandthegreenhouse
effect, Units and dimensional analysis, Heat and temperature, Heat transfer, First law of
thermodynamics and the efficiency of a thermal power plant, Closed cycle for a steam power
plant,Usefulthermodynamicquantities,Thermalpropertiesofwaterandsteam,Disadvantages
ofaCarnotcycleforasteampowerplant,
Rankinecycleforsteampowerplants,GasturbinesandtheBrayton(orJoule)cycle,Combined
cycle gas turbine, Fossil fuels and combustion, Fluidized beds, Carbon sequestration,
Geothermal energy, Basic physical properties of fluids, Streamlines and streamtubes, Mass
Page 83 of 98

continuity, Energy conservation in an ideal fluid: Bernoullis equation, Dynamics of a viscous
fluid,Liftandcirculation,Eulersturbineequation.
(AndrewsandJelly:Chapter1,2,and3)
UnitII:
Hydropower,poweroutputfromadam,measurementofvolumeflowrateusingaweir,Water
turbines; Impact, economics and prospects of hydropower; Tides, Tidal power, Power from a
tidal barrage, Tidal resonance, Kinetic energy of tidal currents, Ecological and environmental
impact of tidal barrages, Economics and prospects for tidalpower, Wave energy, Wave power
devices; Environmental impact, economics and prospects of wavepower; Binding energyand
stabilityofnuclei,Fission,Thermalreactors,Thermalreactordesigns,Fastreactors,Presentday
nuclear reactors, Safety of nuclear power, Economics of nuclear power, Environmental impact
of nuclear power, Public opinion on nuclear power, Outlook for nuclear power, Magnetic
confinement,DTfusionreactor,Performanceoftokamaks,Plasmas,Chargedparticlemotionin
E and B fields, Tokamaks, Plasma confinement, Divertor tokamaks, Outlook for controlled
fusion.
UnitIII:
Source of wind energy, Global wind patterns, Modern wind turbines, Kinetic energy of wind,
Principles of a horizontalaxis wind turbine, Wind turbine blade design, Dependence of the
powercoefficientC
p
onthetipspeedratio z,Designofamodernhorizontalaxiswindturbine,
Turbine control and operation, Wind characteristics, Power output of a wind turbine, Wind
farms, Environmental impact and public acceptance, Economics of wind power, Outlook,
Conclusion, The solar spectrum, Semiconductors, pn junction, Solar photocells, Efficiency of
solar cells, Commercial solar cells, Developing technologies, Solar panels, Economics of
photovoltaics (PV), Environmental impact of photovoltaics, Environmental impact of
photovoltaics,Outlookforphotovoltaics,Solarthermalpowerplants,Photosynthesisandcrop
yields, Biomass potential and use, Biomass energy production, Environmental impact of
biomass,Economicsandpotentialofbiomass,Outlook.
UnitIV:
Generation of electricity, High voltage power transmission, Transformers, High voltage direct
currenttransmission,Electricitygrids,Energystorage,Pumpedstorage,Compressedairenergy
storage,Flywheels,Superconductingmagneticenergystorage,Batteries,Fuelcells,Storageand
production of hydrogen, Outlook for fuel cells, Environmental impact of energy production,
Economics of energy production, Costbenefit analysis and risk assessment, Designing safe
Page 84 of 98

systems, carbon abatement policies, Stabilization wedges for limiting CO
2
emissions,
Conclusions.
(AndrewsandJelly:Chapter10and11)
Reference:
ENERGY SCIENCE: principles, technologies, and impacts, John Andrews and Nick Jelley, Oxford
UniversityPress
Courseno.:PSPHET413:AstronomyandSpacePhysics(60lectures,4credits)
UnitI:
The Sky, Instruments and Observational tools: (a) Inventory of the Universe
Wavelength bands of observation: radio, infrared, optical, UV, Xray and Gammaray
windows. Groundbased, balloonborne and satelliteborne telescopes, Celestial co
ordinatesystem:RightAscension,DeclinationTimekeeping.SiderealandSolar
(b) Resolution of Instruments and Limitations Optical telescopes, Photometers,
Spectrographs, CCDs, Polarimeters. Radio telescopes interferometry Xray and
Gammaray detectors Neutrino and Cosmic Ray astronomy origin, composition and
spectrum.
UnitII:
StellarStructureandEvolution:Stellarparameters:Mass,Radius,Luminosity,Chemical
CompositionSpectraltypescolour,magnitude:HRdiagram.Stellarphysics:Equationof
state,Opacity.Nuclearenergygeneration,SahaIonizationEquilibriumPlanckBlackbody
Radiation. Radiative and convective transport of energy. Internal structure of stars and
VirialTheorem.Stellaratmosphere.AbsorptionandEmissionoflines.StellarEvolution:
Hayashi phase. Main sequence, Horizontal Branch, Red Giant and Asymptotic Giant
Branches. Planetary Nebulae and Supernova remnants. Stellar rotation. Stellar
magnetism.MassLoss.Diffusion.Stellarpulsation:HelioandAsteroseismology.
UnitIII:
CondensedObjectsAndHighEnergyAstrophysics:Compactobjects:Whitedwarfsand
Chandrasekhar Limit. Neutron stars and Black holes: Pulsars, Xray and Gammaray
sources. Binary systems: Accretion process and associated phenomena: Bursts and
Quasiperiodic oscillations. Radiation Processes: Blackbody, Bremstrahlung, Cyclotron,
Synchrotron and Inverse Compton emission. Interaction of high energy particles and
Page 85 of 98

photons with matter. Acceleration of particles to high energy. Gamma ray Bursts and
VeryHighEnergyCosmicRays.
UnitIV:
Solar Physics: Description of solar internal and external layers, Magnetohydrodynamic
equations, Hall effect and generalized Ohms law, Magnetostatic equilibrium and
sunspots, Solar activity cycle, Forcefree magnetic fields, Magnetic reconnections and
solar flares, Waves: sound waves, Alfven waves, Internal gravity waves, inertial waves,
magnetosonic waves; Heating of the solar chromosphere and corona, Coronal mass
ejections,SolarwindandParkerssolution.
MainReferences:
Unit1:
i. F. Shu, The Physical Universe. An Introduction to Astronomy; University Science Books,
Sausalito1982.,
ii. R.C.Smith,ObservationalAstrophysics;CUP,1995,
iii. C.R.Kitchin,AstrophysicalTechniques;AdamHilger,1984.
Unit2:
i. M.Schwarzchild,EvolutionoftheStars;Dover,1966.
ii. R.J.Tayler,TheStars:TheirStructureandEvolution;CUP1994.
iii. R.J.Tayler,Galaxies:StructureandEvolution;Wykeham1978.
Unit3:
i. H.Harwit,AstrophysicalConcepts;SpringerVerlag1988,
ii. M.S.Longair,HighEnergyAstrophysics,Vols.IandII;CUP1994.
Unit4:
i. SolarMagnetoHydrodynamics,E.R.Priest;DReidel,1982.chps.1,3.13.5,4.1,4.34.5,
6.16.3,12.112.2.
AdditionalBooks:
i. Astronomy,FredHoyle,1975.Astronomy,8thed.,RobertHBaker,
ii. Princeton: D. Van Nostrand, 1964. The Stars: Their Structure & Evolution; R.J. Tayler,
CUP,1994.
Courseno.:PSPHET414:LaserPhysics(60lectures,4credits)
Page 86 of 98

Unit I: Laser characteristics and Resonators : Principles, Properties of laser radiation,
Einstein Coefficients, Light amplification, Threshold condition for laser oscillations,
Homogeneous and inhomogeneous broadening,
Laserrateequationsfor2,3and4level,variationoflaserpoweraroundthreshold,optimum
outputcoupling,Openplanarresonator,QualityFactor,ultimatelinewidthofthelaser,
TransverseandLongitudinalmodeselection.
Unit II: Non linear optics- Techniques for Q-switching, Mode Locking, Hole burning and
Lamb dip in Doppler broadened Gas laser, Non linear oscillator model, Non linear polarization
and wave equation, perturbative solution of the Nonlinear oscillator equation, Hormonic
generation, Second harmonic generation, Phase matching third harmonic generation. Optical
wave mixing, parametric generation of light,parametric oscillation, tuning of parametric
oscillators. Non-Linear susceptibilities, non-linear susceptibility tensor, non-linear materials
Unit III: Laser Systems: Solid State Laser, Gas lasers ,liquid lasers, Eximer lasers.
Semiconductor Laser., liquid Dye and chemical lasres, high power laser systems and industrial
applications.
UnitIV:SpectroscopicInstrumentationandapplications:Ramanscattering,photoacoustic
RamanSpectroscopy.RamanAmplificationandRamanlaser, special techniques in non linear
spectroscopy, polarization spectroscopy, multi-photon spectroscopy, photofluoroscence
excitation spectroscopy.
HolographicOpticalElement:HOE,Designaspects,resolution,vibrationandmotionanalysisby
Holographictechniques,holography,SpatialFrequencyfiltering,opticalCommunication,optical
computers.Laserablation,LaserinBiomedicine.
MainReferences:
1. B.Laud,LaserandNonlinearoptics,WileyEasternLtd.,(1991).
2. A.K.GhatakandK.Thyagarajan,opticalelectronics,CambridgeUniversityPress(1991).
3. S.CGuptaOptoelectronicdevicesandsystems,PrenticeHallofIndia.
4. (WH)WilsonandHawkes:Optoelectronics,PrenticeHallofIndia.
5. Yariv,OpticalElectronicsinModernCommunications,OxfordUniversityPress(1997),
6. LaserSpectroscopyBasicconceptsandinstrumentationbyDemtroder (ed. 3, Springer)
Additional Reference books:

1. Laser: Svelto.
2. Optical electronics: Wariv.
3. Laser spectroscopy: Demtroder.
4. Non-linear spectroscopy: Etekhov.
5. Introduction to modern optics: G.R.Flowles.
Page 87 of 98

Courseno.:PSPHET415:LiquidCrystals(60lectures,4credits)
UnitI:IntroductiontotheScienceandtechnologyofLiquidCrystal.
TypesandClassificationofliquidcrystals,NaturesofAnisotropicLiquidCrystals.Calamticliquid
crystal,DiscoticLiquidcrystal,Polymerliquidcrystals,Chiralliquidcrystal,,membranescolloidal
system.DisplayTechnologiesOverview.
Ref:CP:Ch1;PDG:Ch1;PJC:Ch1,2,3,4,5,6.
UnitII:TheoreticalInsights
Natureofphasetransitionsandcriticalphenomenoninliquidcrystals,MaierSaupe,Landaude
gennes theory, Van der Walls theories. Continuum theory: Curvature elasticity in nematic
smectic A phases, Distortions due to magnetic and electric fields, Magnetic coherence length,
Freedeicksztransitions.Onsager'smeanfieldtheory
Ref:PJC:Ch12,10.PDG:Ch7
UnitIII:MeritsofLCs
Dynamical properties of Nematic, equations of nematodynamics, laminar flow, Fluid vs. solid
membranes, energy and elasticity, surface tension, viscoelasticity, Molecular motions. LC in
electric and magnetic fields, light and liquid crystals, Mechanical, Optical Properties:
Cholesteric,Ferroelectric,Antiferroelectric,Polymerdispersedliquidcrystals,Elastomer.
Ref:PDG:Ch5,6;SERS:Ch9;CP:Ch5
UnitIV:CharacterizationTechniquesandApplications
Techniques used for Identification and characterizations of Liquid crystal phases, Lyotropic
liquid crystals and biological membrane,: Survey over flat panel technologies. Liquid crystal
displays,plasmadisplays.Applicationsofliquidcrystals.
Ref:Ref:CP:Ch2,9;PJC:Ch9,7,13;DDLR.
TextBookandReferences
1. Introductiontoliquidcrystals:PhysicsandChemistry.:PeterJCollingsandMichaelHird
TaylorandFrancis,1997.
2. Liquidcrystal:Thefourthstateofmatter.FrankinDsaeva.Wielypublication.
3. LiquidCrystals:SChandrsekhar,CambridgeUniversityPress,2ndedition,1992.
4. Thephysicsofliquidcrystals:PGdeGennesandJProst,OxfordUniversity
5. Ferroelectricliquidcrystals:PrinciplepropertiesandApplications:Goobyeta.lGordon
&BreachPublishingGroup,1991
6. Thermotropicliquidcrystals:FundamentalVertogenanddejeu.
Page 88 of 98

7. PolymermaterialsMacroscopicpropertiesandmolecularInterpretations.JeanLouis
Halary,Lucienmonnerie.publishedbyWiley.
8. TheOpticofThermotropicLiquidCrystals.SteveElstonandRoySambles.
9. TexturesofLiquidCrystals.DetrichDemus,LotharRichter.Newyork1978
10. TexturesofLiquidCrystalsIngoDierkingJohnWiley&Sons,08May2006Technology
&Engineering..
11. .LiquidCrystal:ExperimentalStudyofPhysicalPropertiesandPhaseTransitionsSatyen
Kumar,CambridgeUniversityPress,2001
12. PhysicalPropertiesofLiquidCrystals:GeorgeW.Gray,VolkmarVill,HansW.
Spiess,DietrichDemus,JohnW.GoodbyJohnWiley&Sons,2009Technology&
Engineering.
13. HandbookofLiquidCrystals,HighMolecularWeightLiquidCrystalDietrichDemus,John
W.Goodby,GeorgeW.Gray,HansW.Spiess,VolkmarVills
14. PrinciplesofcondensedmatterphysicsP.M.ChalkinandT.C.Lubensky.
15. CollidalDispersionsW.BRussel,CambridgeUniversityPress.NewYork(1989)
16. PropertiesandStructureofLiquidCrystals

Page 89 of 98

Courseno.:PSPHET416:NumericalMethodsandProgramming(60lectures,4credits)
UnitI: ProgrammingusingC++
Elementary information about digital computer, hardware, software, machine language
program, assembly language program, assembler, disadvantages of machine and assembly
language programming, High level language programs, interpreter and compilers, flow charts
symbols and simple flowcharts, Structure of aC program,header files, constant and variables,
datatypesandtheirdeclarations,operatorsarithmeticoperators,relationaloperators,logical
operators, assignment operators, conditional operator. Built in functions in C, Input/output
functions for integer, floating points, characters and strings. Control statementsif, ifelse, do
while.Forloop,nestedifandnestedforloops,gotostatement.Libraryfunctionsmathematical
and trigonometric. Arrays one dimensional and two dimensional. User defined functions
definition and declaration of a function, passing arguments, return values. File handling
operation with files, opening and closing a file. (structures and unions and pointers are not
expected)
UnitII: Curvefitting,interpolation,RootsofEquation
ReviewofIntermediateValuetheorem,Rolle'sTheorem,LagrangeMeanValuetheorem
and Taylor's Theorem, Errors in computation and Numerical stability, Least squares method
Principle, fitting a straight line, fitting a parabola, fitting an exponential curve, fitting curve of
the form y=ax
b
, fitting through a polynomial, Linear interpolation, difference schemes,
Newtonsforwardandbackwardinterpolationformula,Lagrangesinterpolationformula.
Polynomialandtranscendentalequations,limitsfortherootsofpolynomialequation.
Bisectionalmethod,falsepositionmethod,NewtonRaphsonmethod,directsubstitution
method
UnitIII: Numericalintegrationandsolutionofdifferentialequation:
Newtoncotesformula,Trapezoidalrule,Simpsonsonethirdrule,Simpsonsthreeeightrule,
Gaussquadraticsmethod,MonteCarlomethod.
SolutionofOrdinarydifferentialequationusingTaylorseriesmethod,Eulersmethod,Runge
Kuttamethod,MilnesandAdamsBashforthpredictorcorrectormethods
Classification of second order partial differential equation, Solution of partial differential
equationDifference equation method over a rectangular domain for solving elliptic, parabolic
andhyperbolicpartialdifferentialequation
Page 90 of 98

UnitIV: SolutionofsimultaneousequationandRandomnumbers Gaussian
elimination method, Gaussian elimination with pivotal condensation method, GaussJordan
eliminationmethod,GaussSeidaliterationmethod,GaussJordanmatrixinversionmethod.
Randomnumbers Randomnumbergeneration,MonteCarlosimulationusingRandomwalk
onasquarelattice.
TextandReferencebooks:
i. H.M.Antia:Numericalmethodsforscientistsandengineers.
ii. S.S.Sastry:Introductorymethodofnumericalanalysis,PHIIndia2005
iii. Rajaraman:ComputerorientedNumericalmethods,PHI2004
iv. P.B.PatilandU.P.Verma:NumericalComputationalmethods,NarosaPubl.
v. E.Balgurusamy:ProgramminginANSIC,TataMcGrawHill
vi. JainM.K.,IyengarSRK,JainR.K.:Numericalmethodsforscientificand
vii. EngineeringComputation,NewAgeInternational,1992
viii. http://www.nptel.iitm.ac.in/video.php?subjectId=122102009
ix. NumericalrecipesinC

Courseno.:PSPHET417:PolymerPhysics(60lectures,4credits)
UnitI:
Structure of Polymers: Structure of Crystalline Polymers Single crystals. Lamellar Single
crystals, Fibriliar crystals. Globular crystals, Spherulites, Structure of Amorphous Polymers
DomainStructureinamorphouspolymers.OrientedStateofPolymers.Structure&functionof
Biopolymersproteins.DNA.RNA,cellulose.Nanocompositepolymers.
UnitII:
Viscoelastic Properties: Elastic deformation, Maxwell andKelvin Models, Relaxation processes
and relaxation spectrum. Creep of polymeric materials. Polymer Blends: Miscibility,
Morphologyandglasstransitiontemperature.Effectsofadditivesandfillersonpolymers,
UnitIII:
Electricalpropertiesofpolymers,electricalconduction,Electronic,ionicandpolaronprocesses.
conducting polymers. Photoconduction, photovoltaics and superconductivity in polymers.
Optical absorption and optical birefringence in polymers. Liquid crystals and electrooptical
properties.
Page 91 of 98

UnitIV:
Preparation of thin films of organic materials (solution casting, electrochemical, CVD,
interfacial method, LB technique), their structure, props, & Application. Fundamentals of
electrochemistry, electrochemical methods for preparation characterization of thin filmsCV &
impedance measurement. Sensors, types of sensors, electrochemical & optical sensors
Construction & functioning of these sensors, advantages & disadvantages of these sensors
(studyofatleasttwotypesofsensors).
MainReferences:
1. PhysicsofPlastics,P.O.Ruchie.IlliffeBooksCo.Ltd,(ChaptersIto4and6to8),
2. Phys.Chem.ofPolymers.TagerA,MirPubs,()9?8),Chs.I,2,5,7,8.10,11,17)
3. Conductive Polymers, R.B. Seymour (Ed.), Plenum Press, New York (1981) (Articles
1,3,7,9,11,17,19)
4. Elec.Props,ofPolymers,D.A.Seanor(Ed.),AcademicPress(1982)(Chs.14,Ch.8)
5. Organic Semiconductors, F, Gutmann and I.E.I. Yons, John Wiley and Sons, New York
1967)(Chapters1,2,4,5,7)
6. Electrical Properties of Polymers, A.R. Rlythe, Cambridge University Press. London
(1979),(Chapters1,5,6)
7. Elec.Props,ofPolymers,J.J.Krosehwitz,JohnWiley,NewYork(1988),Pg,58101.
10. Handbook of Conducting Polymers, T.A. Skotheim, Vol. 1 and. Marcel Dekker (1986),
(Chapters8.17,20,21.25)
11. Electrochemical Methods, Fundamentals and Application. A.J. Bard and L, R, Faulkner,
JohnWileyandSons,NewYork(1980)
12. TheChemicalPhysicsofSurfaces,S.R.Morrison,PlenumPublishers(1990)
14. Principles.ofChemicalSensors,JiriJanata,PlenumPress,NewYork(1990)(Ch.1,4,5)
SemesterIV
SemesterIVElectiveLabCourse2
Courseno.:PSPHAP402:AdvancedPhysicsLab2(120hours,4credits)
A) Students offering electives other than PSPH405, 406, 407, 408, (i.e. Electronics I or
ElectronicsII),havetoperformatleast10experimentsoutoffollowing:
I.NeutronDiffraction:DataanalysisforstructureanddynamicQfactor
II.MssbauerSpectroscopy
Page 92 of 98

1. Fe
57
Mossbauer spectra: Calibration and determination of isomer shift and hyperfine
field
2. Determinationofisomershiftinstainlesssteel
3. DeterminationofisomershiftandquadrupolesplittinginSodiumNitroprusside
4. Febased specimen: Determination of isomer shift, hyperfine field, estimation of
oxidationstateinferritesamples
III.HartreeFockCalculations
IV.MagnetizationandHysteresis
1. BHloopinlowmagneticfields(dcandacmethods)
2. Hysteresisofringshapedferrite
3. DeterminationofCurie/Neeltemperature
4. SusceptibilityofparamagneticsaltbyGuoysmethod
V.ResistivityandMagnetoresistance
1. Resistivityofmetallicalloyspecimenswithvaryingtemperatures
2. Studyofpercolationlimitbyresistivitymeasurementonceramicspecimens
3. Tracking of first and second order transition by resistivity measurement in shape
memory(NiTi)alloy
4. MRofSemiconductor,BismuthandLSMO(Manganate)specimen
5. CalibrationofmagneticfieldusingMRprobe
VI.LASER
1. Refractiveindexofthegivenmaterials
2. RefractiveindexoftheAiratdifferentpressure.
VII.Plasma
1. Measurementofplasmaparameters.Singleprobe
2. Measurementofplasmaparameters.Doubleprobemethodatconstantcurrent.
VIII.NuclearPhysics
1. EnergyresolutionofNaIdetectorandunderstandingofitsPulseprocessingelectronics
2. PeaktototalratioandefficiencyofNaIdetector.
3. SumpeakanalysisanddetectorsizeeffectonpeaktototalratiousingNaIdetector.
4. AngularcorrelationratiousingNaIdetector.
5. CoincidenceTechnique
6. WorkingmechanismofPlasticdetectorandmeasurementoflifetimeofmuon.
IX.Semiconductorsanddevices
1. Si,GeandLED:
a. IVatdifferenttemperatures,
b. CVatroomtemperatureanddeterminationofbarrierheight.
2. SchottkydiodeandMOSdiodeFabrication
3. DeterminationofcarrierconcentrationandbarrierheightfromCVmeasurements
Page 93 of 98

4. IVcharacteristicsandidentificationofthecurrentconductionmechanisms
5. Determination oxide charge, carrier concentration and interface states of from CV
measurements.
6. SolarCells:IVcharacteristicsandspectralresponse
7. Semiconductor lasers Study of output characteristics and determination of threshold
current,differentialquantumefficiencyanddivergence.
8. Infrareddetectorcharacteristicsandspectralresponse.
9. OpticalfibersAttenuationanddispersionmeasurements.
10. Gunndiodecharacteristics.
11. Determinationofsurfaceconcentrationandjunctiondepthofdiffusedsiliconwafersby
fourpointprobemethod.
X.ExperimentsusingPhoenixkit
XI.AstronomyandSpacePhysics
1. Thetemperatureofanartificialstarbyphotometry.
2. Studyofthesolarlimbdarkeningeffect.
3. Polaraligninganastronomicaltelescope.
4. Studyoftheatmosphericextinctionfordifferentcolors.
5. StudytheeffectivetemperatureofstarsbyBVphotometry.
6. Estimateofthenightskybrightnesswithaphotometer.
XII.Computation
1. Computerprogramforfilehandling
XIII.AnyoneclassicalExperiment(availableindepartmentoraffiliatedinstitutions)e.g.
1. Millikansoildropmethod,
2. Ramaneffectinliquids,
3. e/mbyThomsonsmethod
4. Rydbergs constant using constant deviation prism.
B)StudentsofferingelectivesPSPH405,406,(i.e.ElectronicsI),havetoperformatleast10
experimentsoutoffollowing:
I.:8085/8086Microprocessorbasedexperiments:
1. Studyof8085interrupts(VectorInterrupt7.5).
2. StudyofPPI8255asHandshakeI/O(mode1):interfacingswitchesandLEDs.
3. 8086assemblylanguageprogramming:
4. Simple data manipulation programs.(8/16bit addition, subtraction, multiplication,
division, 8/16 bit data transfer, finding greatest/smallest number, finding
Page 94 of 98

positive/negative numbers, finding odd/even numbers, ascending/descending of
numbers,convertingBCDnos.intoBinaryusingINT20,displayingastringofcharacters
usingINT20)
Please note: Assembly language programming of 8086 may be done by operating PC in real
modebyusing'Debug'program.Separate8086studykitnotneeded.
II:ARM7basedexperiments:
1. Simple data manipulation programs (addition, subtraction, multiplication,
divisionetc).
2. StudyofINandOUTportofARM7byInterfacingswitches,LEDsetc.
3. StudyofTimer.
4. InterfacingDAC/ADCusingI2CProtocols.
III:BasicVHDLexperiments:
1. WriteVHDLprogramstorealize:logicgates,halfadderandfulladder
2. Write VHDL programs to realize the following combinational designs: 2 to 4
decoder,8to3encoderwithoutpriority,4to1multiplexer,1to4demultiplexer
3. WriteVHDLprogramstorealizethefollowing:SRFlipFlop,JKFlipFlop,T
FlipFlop
4. WriteaVHDLprogramtorealizea2/3/4bitALU(2arithmetic,2logical
operations)
IV:VHDLInterfacingbasedexperiments:
1. Interfacing stepper motor: write VHDL code to control direction, speed and
numberofsteps.
2. Interfacing dc motor: write VHDL code to control direction and speed using
PWM.
3. Interfacingrelays:writeVHDLcodetocontrolacbulbs(atleasttwo)usingrelays.
V:Computation
1. Computerprogramforfilehandling.
VI.AnyoneclassicalExperiment(availableindepartmentoraffiliatedinstitutions)e.g.
3.e/mbyThomsonsmethod
4.Rydbergs constant using constant deviation prism.
Page 95 of 98

References:
1. AdvancedMicroprocessorsandPeripheralsbyaKRayandKMBhurchandi
SecondEditionTataMcGrawHillPublishingCompanyLtd.
2. ARMSystemonChipArchitecture,bySteveFurber,SecondEdition,Pearson
3. VHDL programming by example by Douglas L. Perry, Fourth edition, Tata
McGrawHill
4. ManualofVHDLkit.
B)StudentsofferingelectivesPSPH407,408,(i.e.ElectronicsII),havetoperformatleast10
experimentsoutoffollowing:
ExperimentsinElectronicsCommunication
1. SampleandholdcircuitusingFETsorCMOSswitchICCA4016/4066orICLF398.
2. StudyofADCDACsystemusingADC0804/0808andDAC0800/0808.
3. Flattoppulseamp.Modulation(PAM)usingCMOSswitchICCA4016/4066FET.
4. Pulsewidthmodulation(PWM)&pulsepositionmodulation(PPM)usingIC565/
555.
5. Timedivisionmultiplexing(TDM)usingICCA4016/4066orFET.
6. FSKmodulatorusingIC555orPLLIC565anddemodulationusingPLLIC4046.
7. StudyofPCMTransmissionandreceptionusingCODECIC.
8. TwochannelanalogmultiplexerusingCMOSswitchCA4016/CA4066/LF398.
9. PCtoPCcommunicationthroughserialport.
10. PCtoPCcommunicationthroughparallelport.
11. StudyofManchestercodinganddecodingusingCODECIC.
12. ExperimentsusingPhoenixkit
13. Computation:Computerprogramforfilehandling
14. Any one classical Experiment (available in department or affiliated institutions)
e.g.
3.e/mbyThomsonsmethod
4.Rydbergs constant using constant deviation prism.
References:
1. Opamp and linear ICs by Ramakant Gayakwad (3
rd
ed. 1993, Prentice Hall of
India).
2. ModernElectronicCommunicationbyGaryM.Miller(6
th
ed.,1999,PrenticeHall
Page 96 of 98

3. Opamp and linear integrated circuits by Coughlin and Driscoll (4
th
ed. 1992,
PrenticeHallofIndia).
4. IntegrateCircuitsbyK.R.Botkar(8
th
ed.,KhannaPublishers,Delhi).
5. Design with Operational Amplifiers and Analog Integrated Circuits by Sergio
Franco(3
rd
ed.,TataMcGrawHill).
6. Analog and Digital Communication Systems by Martin S. Roden (5
th
ed., Shroff
PublishersandDistributorsPvt.Ltd.).
7. MicrowavesbyK.C.Gupta(NewAgeInternationalLtd.).
8. Electronic Communications by Dennis Roddy and John Coolen (4
th
ed., Pearson
Education).
9. Basic microwave techniques and laboratory manual by M. L. Sisodia and G. S.
Raghuvanshi(WileyEasternLtd.1987.).
10. Electronic communication systems by George Kennedy and Bernard Davis (4
th
ed.,TataMcGrawHillPublishingCompanyLtd.,NewDelhi).
11. DigitalcommunicationsystemsbyHaroldKolimbiris(PearsonEducationAsia).
12. OpticalfibercommunicationbyG.Keiser(3
rd
ed.,McGrawHill).
13. Digital signal processing demystified by James D. Broesch (Penram International
Publications,India).
14. The indispensable PC hardware book HansPeter Messmer, Addison Wesley
(PEA).
15. ParallelportcompletebyJanAxelson,(PenramInternationalPublications,India).
16. SerialportcompletebyJanAxelson,(PenramInternationalPublications,India).
17. InnovativeexperimentsusingPhoenixbyAjitkumarmIUACmNewDelhi,India.
Note:
examinations.
Page 97 of 98

M.Sc.(Physics)Projects
SemestersIIIandIV
Projectevaluationguidelines
Every student will have to complete one project each in Semester III and Semester IV
with four credits (100 marks) each. Students can take one long project (especially for
SSP/SSE/Material Sc/Nanotechnology/Nuclear etc) or two short project (especially for EI /EII).
However for one long project students have to submit two separate project reports /
dissertation consisting of the problem definition, literature survey and current status,
objectives, methodology and some preliminary experimental work in Semester III and actual
experimentalwork,resultsandanalysisinsemesterIVwithfourcreditseach.Thosewhohave
opted for two separate projects will also have to submit two separate project reports at each
examination. The project can be a theoretical or experimental project, related to advanced
topic, electronic circuits, models, industrial project, training in a research institute, training of
handlingasophisticatedequipmentsetc.
Maximumthreestudentscandoajointproject.Eachoneofthemwillsubmitaseparate
project report with details/part only he/she has done. However he/she can in brief (in a page
oneortwo)mentioninIntroductionsectionwhatothergroupmembershavedone.Incaseof
electronicprojects,useofreadymadeelectronickitsavailableinthemarketshouldbeavoided.
Theelectronicsproject/modelsshouldbedemonstratedduringpresentationoftheproject.In
case a student takes training in a research institute/training of handling sophisticate
equipment,he/sheshouldmentioninareportwhattraininghe/shehasgot,whichinstruments
he/shehandledandtheirprincipleandoperationetc.
Eachprojectwillbeof100markswith50%byinternaland50%byexternalevaluation.

Page 98 of 98

There project report should be file bound/spiral bound/hard bound and should have
followingformat
TitlePage/Coverpage
CertificateendorsedbyProjectSupervisorandHeadofDepartment
Declaration
Abstractoftheproject
TableofContents
ListofFigures
ListofTables
ChaptersofContent
IntroductionandObjectivesoftheproject
Experimental/TheoreticalMethodology/Circuit/Modeletc.details
ResultsandDiscussionifany
Conclusions
References
EvaluationbyExternal/Internalexaminerwillbebasedonfollowingcriteria:(eachsemester)
criteria Maximum
Marks
LiteratureSurvey 05
Objectives/Planoftheproject 05
Experimental/Theoreticalmethodology/Workingconditionofprojector
model
10
Significanceandoriginalityofthestudy/Societyapplication and
InclusionofrecentReferences
05
Depthofknowledgeinthesubject/ResultsandDiscussions 10
Presentation 15
MaximummarksbyExternalexaminer 50
Maximummarksbyinternalexaminer/guide 50
Totalmarks 100

4.93 MSC Physics Sem I, II, III, IV

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Page 1 of 98

TheoryPaper Subjects Lectures(Hrs) Credits

TheoryPaper Subjects Lectures(Hrs) Credits

Grade Marks GradePoints

Main Text :Classical Mechanics, H. Goldstein, Poole and Safco, 3

1,DiacTriacphasecontrolcircuit a) Solid state devices W.D. Cooper b)

1 . Zeeman Effect using FabryPerot etalon /

1.AddersubtractorcircuitsusingICs a) Digital principles andapplications Malvino

a) Microprocessor Architecture, Programming

a) Microprocessor Architecture, Programming

a) Microprocessor Architecture, Programming

to calculate: Stopping length, life time modification of unstable

8051 Interrupts, Programming Timer Interrupts, Programming External hardware Interrupts,

UnitIV: Interfacing microcontroller/PIC microcontroller and Industrial Applications of

Characteristics and quality Attributed ofEmbedded Systems: Characteristics ofan Embedded

Embedded SystemsApplication and DomainSpecific: Washing Machine, AutomaticDomain

Ref.SKV: Introduction to embedded systems, by Shibu K. V. ,Sixth Reprint 2012, Tata

Magnetism in Nanostructures : Basics of Ferromagnetism; Behavior of Powders of

Nanoelectronics: N and P doping and PN junctions, MOSFET, Scalingof MOSFETs; Spintronics:

Cadmium Selenide: Introduction, Surface, Size, Shape, Selfassembly,Defects, Bionano, CdSe

Carbon: Introduction, Surface, Size, Shape, Selfassembly, Bionano, Conclusion, Carbon

2. Concepts of Nanochemistry, Ludovico Cademartiri and Geoffrey A. Ozin, WileyVCH,

B) The Students offering electives PSPH305, PSPH306. (i.e. Electronics I ) have to

Additional Reference: Statistical Methods in Practice for scientists ad Technologists, Richard

Instruments and Techniques: Instrumentation for UVvisible spectrophotometer, Fourier

Classification of elementary particles by masses, interactions and conserved quantum

Magnetic phenomena: Hysteresis, Magnetostriction, Magnetoresistance, Magnetocaloric and

GinzburgLandau theory of superconductivity: GL equations, GL parameter and classification

Superconducting materials and applications: Conventional and High Tc superconductors,

Liquid Crystals: Classificationisotropicnematic, smecticcholestic phases, Phase transition of

SubprogramsandPackages:Subprograms Function, Conversion Functions, Resolution

Additional Reference books:

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