Gravitational Wave Astronomy: Data Analysis L.

Alicia M. Sintes Universitat de les Illes Balears GWA School, Rhodes University, 2013

ContentL.3
Dierenttypesofsearches Matchedlteringforinspiralsignals SearchesforCompactbinarymergers Burstsearches Vetoes&Dataquality MulCmessengerastrophysics

GWA School, January 2013, A.M. Sintes

GWsourcesandmethods

Supernovae, BH/NS formation

BH and NS Binaries Stochastic background

Long duration

Short duration

Spinning NS in X-ray binaries

Matched filter

CW CBC

Template-less methods

Wobbling NS

GWA School, January 2013, A.M. Sintes

AntennaPaIernofa LaserInterferometer
The strain x(t) measured by a detector is mainly dominated by noise n(t), such that even in the presence of a ignal h(t) we have

x(t)=n(t)+h(t)

h ( t ) = F+ ( t;" ) h +( t ) + F# ( t;" ) h # ( t )

F+ and F are the strain antenna patterns. They depend on the orientation of the detector and source and on the polarization of the waves.

polarization

!+

polarization

RMS sensitivity

A broad antenna pattern More like a microphone than a telescope

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UsingtheGWDetectorNetwork
AsignalarrivingatEarthisgenerallyseenbyallGWdetectorsoperaCngat theCme(assumingcomparablesensiCviCes)
AntennaresponsesandrelaCveCmesofarrivaldependonskyposiCon Caninprincipleoperate24/7monitoringwholesky;inpracCce,7090%up Allrawdataisarchivedenablesmanya]erthefactsearches

Analyzingthedatatogetherallowsusto:
BemorecondentineventsseenbymulCpledetectors InfertheskyposiCon Separatethe+andpolarizaConcomponents

>GWdetecConisacooperaCveendeavor
LIGO+GEO600+users=LIGOScienCcCollaboraCon(LSC) LSCandVirgoCollaboraConsharealldata,analyzeandpublishtogether
TherehavebeenjointanalyseswithTAMAandbardetectorstoo
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SearchingforKnownWaveforms

Example: low-mass inspiral

Waveform known well, or fairly well, in some parametrized space e.g. inspiral with 1.4+1.4 M or with 10+1.4 M

Another example: continuous-wave emission from a spinning neutron star In both cases one can use Matched filtering
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Wienerltering

is :

Wiener filter is the optimal detection statistic if noise is Gaussian

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Thesearchforthemaximumlikelihood
For the amplitude and the initial phase of an inspiral signal we are able to perform the maximization analytically. It is impossible to maximize analytically over the remaining parameters, and in particular over the masses of the stars: in order to determine the most likely signal, we need to test several templates against the data. At first sight, given that the masses are a continuous parameter, this procedure appears tough: however the templates dont possess a perfect discriminating capacity among different signals, and this means that they are sensible also to slightly mismatched signals. The detection becomes therefore of a different nature from the classical Wiener problem: we deal with filters that cannot be exactly matched to the signal.

A grid detection strategy

Given the non-zero sensitivity of a template to slightly mismatched signals, a possible strategy is to cover the parameter space with a grid of templates, spaced so as to guarantee that any signal will be recovered with an efficiency above a certain level. This level, called the minimal match, tells us how dense the templates should be. The strategy requires to: define the limits of the parameter space tile it with templates, in the most efficient way.
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PhaseEvoluConofanInspiral
Accurate knowledge of the phase is crucial for matched filtering Orbital phase vs. time orbital phase vs. frequency during chirp Post-Newtonian expansion if spins are negligible:
( f ) = 2 f tc + + 3 ( m f )5 / 3 128
Newtonian

5 743 11 1 + ( m f ) 96 336 4 3 ( m f )2 / 3 8 + 15 64 617 2 3058673 5429 + + ( m f )1/ 3 144 1016064 1008

Relativistic effects

1PN 1.5PN 2PN

where
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m1 m2 m = (m1 + m2 ) , = m2

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InspiralPhaseto3.5PN

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InformaConfromtheInspiral
TimeevoluConofGWamplitudeandfrequencydependonthe masses,spinsandorbitorientaConofthebinarysystem
Compactobjects:whitedwarfs,neutronstars,blackholes

Firstordereect:chirpratewhennottooclosetomerger
CharacterisCcCmescale: Sohighermasschirpsmorequickly

Inspiralendsatinnermoststablecircularorbit(ISCO)
Dependsonmassesandspins; Sohighermasssignalcutsoatalowerfrequency

RelaCveamplitudeandphaseofpolarizaConcomponents indicatetheorientaConoftheorbit

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Sourceparametersvs.Signalparameters

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OpCmalMatchedFiltering forShortSignals
Data
~

Template

~ s ( f ) h * ( f ) 2 i f t z (t ) = 4 e df Sn ( f ) 0

Noise power spectral density Lookformaximaof|z(t)|above somethresholdtrigger

Inspirals with M < m1,m2 < 3 M Min. match = 0.97

Use a bank of templates to cover parameter space of target signals

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Searchingafulldataset

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NeutronStarBinaryInspiral
NSNScoalescenceinspiral

IniCalinterferometers
Range:20Mpc

~10 min ~3 sec ~10,000 cycles ~1000 cycles

Advanced interferometers Range:300Mpc

Signal shape very well known

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Inbandchirplength

30 min
1+1, flow = 10Hz

6 min
1.4+1.4, flow = 15Hz

aLIGO

0.3 min
1.4+1.4, flow = 40Hz

iLIGO

BNS 2

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IntotheMerger
Mergerdynamicsaredrivenbystrongeldgravity
PostNewtonianexpansionlosesaccuracy NeutronstarCdaldeformaConcanaectnalpartofinspiral Blackholespinscancauseorbitalplanetoprecessandstrongly inuencenalplunge

NumericalrelaCvitytotherescue!
NR PN

Precessing binary:

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Compactbinary inspiral,merger,ringdown
UnClnotsolongago,dataanalysismethodsforcoalescingbinarieshadtorely onpostNewtonianapproximaCons,whichbreakdownbeforemerger,and perturbaCveringdownsignals.

By matching post-Newtonian and full-GR numerical relativity results, it is now feasible to construct "complete" waveforms describing the inspiral, merger and ringdown of compact binaries.
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Credit: Daniel Price and Stephan Rosswog

GWA School, January 2013, A.M. Sintes

Horizondistance&templatebanks forcompactbinarymergers
Horizondistance:DistanceinMpcatwhich oneAdvancedLIGOdetectorcanseean opCmallylocated,opCmallyorientedbinary mergerwithanSNR=8,asafuncConoftotal mass.
AveragingoverskylocaConandorientaCondegrades thisby~2.26.

Inspiral-merger-ringdown

Horizon distance (Mpc)

Importanttousetherighttemplates, includingIMR,andspineects! Results show that numerical simulations in full GR will have significant implications on detection rates and the accuracy of parameter estimation. To take full advantage of the increasing sensitivity of GW detectors:
need increasingly accurate source models and templates need significant further advances in source modeling techniques.

EOB template (light-ring) ringdown template

Inspiral-only template (ISCO)

M (Msun)

P. Ajith (2009)

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InterfaceNRDAAR
Generate complete BBH waveforms,
e.g., hybrid waveforms, constructed by matching PN and NR

Propose analytical template families which are very close to the complete BBH waveforms.
Explicitly parametrized in terms of the physical parameters of the system

Parameter estimation using the complete BBH waveforms Inject numerical and/or hybrid waveforms into LIGO/VIRGO data. Test of search pipelines

TheNRARProject TheNumericalINJecConAnalysis(NINJA) CollaboraConbetween Project numericalandanalyCcal CollaboraConbetweensimulatorsand relaCvity searchers

SimulateapopulaConofbinaryblackhole signalsfromcontributedwaveforms TesCngGWsearchsensiCvitytoBH waveforms BothdetecConandparameteresCmaCon Makeuseofrealdetectordata
www.ninjaproject.org 20

ProduceaccurateNRwaveforms coveringlargefracConof parameterspace,includingBBH withgenericspins DevelopandcalibrateanalyCcal familiesoftemplates:Phenom, EOB,PNPhenom

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CBCsearches
We have several analytic families of waveform covering inspiral, merger, ringdown

Low mass search

Using non-spining and spining waveforms
Spinadds6extradimensionstothe parameterspace,andprecessionofthe orbitalplane Firsteortsfocusedonnonprecessing waveforms Spinsalignedwithorbitalangular momentum AnalyCcmodelsofthesewaveforms areavailable

High mass search

Major progress in numerical and analytical relativity has allowed us to use complete inspiral merger ringdown templates and extend search reach Search underway using these templates
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BinaryInspiralSearches
LatestpublishedresultsfromLIGO+Virgo [Abadieetal.,PRD85,082002(2012)] How far away could we hear? Searchusingmatchedltering Noinspiralsignalsdetected 90%condencelimitson coalescencerates: Forbinaryneutronstars: <1.3104 perMpc3peryear Forbinaryblackholeswith 5+5M:<6.4106 NotyetconfronCngexpected rangeofmergerrates
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Rangesofexpectedbinarymergerrates

1.4/1.4, 445 Mpc 1.4/10., 927 Mpc 10./10., 2190 Mpc

LVC, Class. Quantum Grav. 27 (2010) 173001

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BurstSignals
Catastrophiceventsinvolvingsolar masscompactobjectscanproduce transient bursts ofgravitaConal radiaConintheLIGOfrequency band:
corecollapsesupernovae merging,perturbed,oraccreCngblack holes gammarayburstengines cosmicstrings others?
1.5 1
] Amplitude [x 10

A1B1G1 A3B3G1 A4B1G2

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0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 0 10

Gravitational waveforms from stellarcore collapse (10kpc from the earth)

PrecisenatureofgravitaConalwave burst(GWB)signalstypically unknownorpoorlymodeled.

Can tbasesuchabroadsearchon havingprecisewaveforms. SearchforgenericGWBsofduraCon ~1ms1s,frequency~1004000Hz.

20 30 Time [msec]

40

50

possible supernova waveforms T. Zwerger & E. Muller, Astron. Astrophys. 320 209 (1997)

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TargetSignalsforGWBurstSearches
Modeled burst search
Targets:
Black hole ringdown Neutron star ringdown Cosmic string cusp Parabolic encounter

Generic burst search

Targets:
Binary black hole merger Core collapse supernova Signals deviating from model expectations Other unexpected or unmodeled sources

Use matched filtering

Issues generally similar to binary inspiral searches

Use robust detection methods that do not rely on having a model of the signal

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TypesofGWBurstSearches
Allsky,allCmessearch
AnalyzeallavailabledataforGWburstsarrivingfromanydirecCon

Externallytriggeredsearches
AnalyzeGWdatamoredeeplyusinginformaConfrom: Knownastrophysicalevents(GRBs,magnetarares,pulsarCming glitches) Candidatetransientsignals(highenergyneutrinos,radiobursts,)

AllskyGWsearchwithrapidEMfollowup
ReconstructapparentskyposiConsofGWeventcandidates TrytocatchopCcal,Xray,and/orradiotransientcounterpart

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ExcessPowerBurstSearchMethods
Decompose data stream into time-frequency pixels
Frequency Fourier components, wavelets, Q transform, etc. Several implementations of this type of search

Normalize relative to noise as a function of frequency Look for hot pixels or clusters of pixels

Can use multiple (t,f ) pixel resolutions

Time

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SignalConsistencyTests
CrucialsinceaGWburstinasingledetector maylookjustlikeaninstrumentalglitch! Coincidence
RequiresignalsindierentdetectorstohavecompaCbleCmes,frequencies, amplitudesand/orotherwaveformproperCes

CrosscorrelaCon
Lookforsamesignalburiedintwodatastreams Time Time H1 L1 Checksforconsistentshape,regardlessofrelaCveamplitude BesttointegrateoveraCmeintervalcomparabletothetargetsignal

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CoherentBurstAnalysis

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GeometricViewofCoherentAnalysis
Null sum N-2 dimensional null space detector data Coherent sum:
Find linear combination of detector data that maximizes signal to noise ratio

Coherent sum 2 dimensional signal space

Null sum:
Linear combination of detector data that has no GW signalprovides consistency test

Treat this as a maximum likelihood problem

Consider all possible sky positions (arrival directions) Find most likely h+(t) & h(t) , maximizing over arrival directions Regulator penalizes physically unlikely signal hypotheses

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AllSkyGenericGWBurstSearch
AnalyzedallLIGOandVirgocollectedsince2005whenatleast twodetectorswererunning
TotalliveobservaConCme:636days LIGO+Virgocoherentanalysis GEOdatao]enavailableforinvesCgaCngpossibleeventcandidates

SensiCvetoarbitraryGWsignalsintherange645000Hz
BackgroundmeasuredbyanalyzingdatawitharCcialCmeshi]s EventselecConthresholdstunedforlowfalsealarmprobability

NoeventsurvivedallselecConcuts Wesetupperlimitsonburstratevs.amplitudefor representaCvewaveformsusingMonteCarlo

Abadieetal.,submiIedtoPRD,arXiv:1202.2788

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SampleDetecConEciencyCurves
For simulated signals with random times and sky positions added to real detector noise

L = Linear polarization at Earth

(GW burst amplitude measure)

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E = Elliptical polarization from random inclination of axis of presumed rotating source

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RateLimitvs.Amplitude ?
Frequency:

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DealingwithNonStaConaryNoise

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How do we know whether a signal in the data is a real GW?

Available tools: Consistency of the signal with a source model (if there is a model) Coincidence / consistency of signals in multiple GW detectors Absence of instrumental problems at the time of the signal Validation of instrument response and data analysis software Association with a known astrophysical object / event Consistency with Source Model? Inspiral: (Matched filter already supposes a source model) - Chi-squared test - Sanity of filter output and/or chi-squared time series Cont.-wave: - Does it show the expected Doppler modulation? - Is it present all the time? Stochastic: - Does the signal have the expected spectrum? - Is it on all the time? Burst: Is it isolated in time?
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IsitarealGWsignal?
Coincidence / Consistency Tests:
Having multiple detectors is extremely valuable Signals should arrive at consistent times - LIGO Hanford vs. Livingston: within 10 ms - LIGO vs. Virgo: within 27 ms - Also get sky position information from having multiple detectors Signals should have consistent properties - Same or similar templates, if a matched-filter search - Consistent frequencies, durations - Consistent amplitudes (allowing for different orientations)

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WaveformConsistencyTests

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BackgroundEsCmaCon
Background = expected detection rate of false events Depends on criteria for a trigger
e.g. threshold on some measure of signal strength Any analysis involves a trade-off between sensitivity and background

How can we determine the background?

Simple method: product of average trigger rates in each detector and coincidence time window More reliable: Analysis of time-shifted data Choose time shifts longer than maximum light travel time, so any real GW in the data is no longer coincident Incorporates the consistency tests used in the actual analysis Follows time variability better

Can only get an estimate of the background

Using many different time shifts, get high statistics
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DataQuality
We attempt to catalog various environmental and instrumental conditions, then study relevance using time-shifted coincident triggers Example from LIGO S4 all-sky burst search:

Minimaldataqualitycuts

AddiConaldataqualitycuts
Avoidhighseismicnoise,wind,jet AvoidcalibraConlinedropouts AvoidCmesof dips instoredlight Omitlast30secofeachlock

Requirelockedinterferometers OmithardwareinjecCons AvoidCmesofADCoverows

Net loss of observation time: 5.6%

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NonStaConaryNoise/Glitches
Forinspirals:chisquaredtest andotherconsistencytests Auxiliarychannelvetoes GW channel Beam splitter
pick-off
Frequency

Time

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Vetoes
If there is a significant glitch in a selected auxiliary channel, then veto any trigger found at the same time in the GW channel Goals:
Reduce background level Prevent triggers from rare, large environmental effects Study additional auxiliary channels for following up a detection candidate

Only want to do this for relevant auxiliary channels

Ideally, with known physical coupling mechanism to GW channel Or, established statistically with single-detector triggers or time-shifted coincidence triggers from GW channel

Measures of relevance
Veto efficiency : what fraction of GW triggers are vetoed Use percentage : what fraction of times identified for vetoing actually do veto a GW trigger Deadtime : how much observation time is vetoed
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ValidaCngtheDetector: HardwareSignalInjecCons

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LIGOVirgoisfullyengagedin mulCmessengerastrophysics

optical

gamma rays, x-rays neutrinos

radio

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GWandEM MulCmessengerAstronomy
GravitaConalWaves:
BulkmoCondynamics Binaryparameters Directprobeofcentralengine Progenitormass GWenergeCcs Luminositydistance

LightCurve&Spectrum:
PreciseskylocaCon Hostgalaxy Gasenvironment Progenitorstar EMenergeCcs Redshi]

morecompletepictureofprogenitorphysics
Short-hard GRBs:
Confirm (or rule out) merger progenitor Study progenitor systems, including orientation and beaming Relate GW and EM energy release Relate merger parameters to hosts (metallicity, SFR, )

CombiningtheseobservaConswillalso increasedetecConcondence, allowameasurementofthelocalHubbleconstant,a(z),darkenergyEoS

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TheowofinformaCon
EMtriggersGWdetectoranalysis
From,eg,spacebasedXrayandgammaraytelescopes KnowingpreciseCmeandskylocaConofeventreducesnoisecontaminaConinGWdetectornetwork; searchescangodeeper

GWdetecConsPoinCngEMtelescopes
Tocatchpromptemission,mustpointquickly requiresdevelopmentoflowlatencyGWdetecConandskylocalizaConpipelines,protocolstopassinfo, telescopescanningstrategiesandcoordinaCon

GWdetecCons+allskytelescopes
Eg,neutrinodetectors,opCcaltransientsurveys,wideeldradiotransientsurveys Canbedoneoine,usingdatainthecandatamining

Prototypesforallofthesepathshavebeendeveloped; theyneedtobeawlessandreadyin2015!
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Astrophysicswithjoint GWEMobservaCons
Externaltriggers:ShorthardGRBs:
Conrm(orruleout)mergerprogenitor Studyprogenitorsystems,includingorientaConandbeaming RelateGWandEMenergyrelease Relatemergerparameterstohosts(metallicity,SFR,)

http://astro.hi.is/grb.php

Followups:detectopCcala]erglow,hostgalaxy,redshi]
Lowlatencypipeline,skylocalizaCon

CBCmergersascosmologicalstandardsirens.
Independent,selfcalibraCngmeasurementofHubbleconstant a(z),darkenergyEoS

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GRBtriggersforGWsearches
IdenCedbyspacebasedGRtelescopes withwide(goodfracConofthesky)acceptance. ShorthardGRBsextragalacCc possiblebinarymergerprogenitors. Inthatcase,known(NSBHinspiral)waveform (Strongly?)beamed. Producehighenergyneutrinosvia internalshocksacceleraCngelectrons andprotons Longso]GRBsextragalacCc possibleCollapsarprogenitor poorlymodeledwaveform stronglybeamed. Producecopiouslowenergyneutrinos.
Ott et al (2010)
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Example:GRB070201
Short,hardgammarayburst
LeadingmodelforshortGRBs: mergerinvolvinganeutronstar

ConsistentwithbeinginM31 BothLIGOHanforddetectors wereoperaCng

Searchedforinspiral&burstsignals

NoplausibleGWsignalfound veryunlikelytobeamergerinM31
Abbo+etal.,ApJ681,1419(2008) Inter-Planetary Network 3-sigma error region from Mazets et al., ApJ 680, 545

ConsistentwithSGRgiantareinM31

SimilaranalysisdoneforGRB051103
Abadieetal.,ApJinpress,arXiv:1201.4413
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SystemaCcGRBGWSearches
Mostrecently,analyzed154GRBsreportedviaGCNduring200910while2or 3LIGO/Virgodetectorsweretakinggooddata GWburstsearch
Donefor150GRBs CoherentburstsearchallowingforarbitraryGWwaveform AssumedcircularpolarizaConsince rotaConalsystemsareecientGWemiIers andtheraysarebelievedtobebeamed

Compactbinarycoalescencesearch
Donefor26shortorshortlikeGRBs Coherentmatchedlteringsearchforinspiralwaveformsfromabinary withatleastoneneutronstar

Abadieetal.,ApJsubmi+ed,arXiv:1205.2216
Earlier science runs: Abbott et al., PRD 77, 062004 ; ApJ 715, 1438 ; ApJ 715, 1453 49
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SpaceandTimeWindows
Searched over sky region reported for the GRB
GRBs reported by Swift and other satellites are generally well localized GRBs detected by Fermi GBM have large error regions

Time window allowed for relative time offset from GRB trigger Burst:

Generous on-source window allows for seen or unseen precursor

e.g. GRB 060124 precursor was 570 s early [Romano et al. 2006]

CBC:
Much shorter on-source window due to expected connection with neutron star disruption
-5 +1 s

GRB trigger 50
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MagnetarFlares
So]gammarepeaters(SGRs)and anomalousXraypulsars(AXPs) arebelievedtobemagnetars
NeutronstarswithmagneCceld~1015G interacCngwithcrust

Occasionallyemitaresofso] gammarays
OrdinaryaresEEM~1042erg SomeSGRshaveproducedagiantarewithenergy~1046erg

Thoughttobeassociatedwithcrackingofthecrust(starquake) ormagneCcreconnecCon
QuasiperiodicoscillaConsseeninXrayemissiona]ergiantares MayexcitenonradialoscillaConmodesthatcoupletoGWemission
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SearchesforGWSignals fromMagnetars
GWtransientsatCmesofmagnetarares?
2004giantareofSGR180620plusotheraresfromitand5others Searchforneutronstarfmodesringingdown(~1.53kHz)aswellasfor arbitrarylowerfrequencyburstsandquasiperiodicoscillaCons Forcertainassumedwaveforms,GWenergylimitsareaslowas few1045erg,comparabletoEMenergyemiIedingiantares
Abbo+etal.,PRD76,062003;PRL101,211102;Abadieetal.,ApJ734,L35

Also a stacked search for repeated emission from SGR 1900+14 storm on March 29, 2006 tighter GW energy upper limits under this model

Swift BAT light curve

~30 sec

Abbott et al., ApJ 701, L68 52

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Goal:ProbeSupernovaDynamics
CoreCollapseSupernovae(typeIb/candtypeII) occurfrequentlyandliberateupto

Bill Saxton, NRAO/AUI/NSF

53 ~10 erg

~1% as EM radiation
Optical Radio X-ray Gamma ray

~99% as neutrinos
Low-energy High-energy??

??? as gravitational waves

Depends on mass flows in and around the core

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WhatSNWaveformsCanWeExpect?
Murphy, Ott & Burrows, ApJ 707 (2009) Dimmelmeier et al., PRD 78 (2008)

Collapse and bounce Mechanism Collapseandbounce RotaConalinstabiliCes ConvecCon

Convection and SASI Waveform spike quasiperiodic broadband broadband quasiperiodic PolarizaCon linear circular mixed mixed linear

StandingAccreConShockInstability Protoneutronstargmodes

Detecting (or not detecting) a GW signal may tell us what is driving supernova explosions
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LOOCUP:LocaCngandObservingOpCcal CounterpartstoUnmodeledPulsesinGW
GWdetectorsarenearlyallskysensiCvewhileXray/opCcaltelescopesare not LoocUpconcept: AnalyzeGWdatapromptlytoidenCfypossibleeventcandidatesand reconstructtheirapparentskyposiCons;alerttelescopesviaautomated interface LookpromptlyforrelaCvelyshortlivedash/a]erglow
HavebeenobservedforsomeGRBs,supernovae Wedbelookingforafairlysignicant(i.e.Bright)opCcalsignal TrytocaptureanEMtransientthatwouldotherwisehavebeenmissed! ExpectiniCallatencyof~3060minutesfromGWtriggertoimaging

Followupafairlylargenumberoflowthresholdtriggers
Afewperweek,ormaybeuptooneperday

Bereadytocallonmoretelescopesifwecatchan excepConaleventcandidate Swift

FirstaIemptsunderway

IndetecConera,(GW) mulCmessenger astronomywillbecome evenmoreinteresCng

QUEST

TAROT

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Other telescopes...
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LowLatencyDataAnalysis
BurstSearch Twosearchalgorithms:Coherent WaveBurstandOmegaPipeline SensiCvetoessenCallyanysignalwith duraConupto~1s Fullycoherentanalysisconsideringall possibleskyposiCons CBCInspiralSearch
Searchalgorithm:MBTA (mulCbandtemplateanalysis) Considerbinarieswithatleastoneneutron star Coincidenceanalysis,thenuse relaCvearrivalCmesoftriggers totriangulateskyposiCon

Abadie et al., A&A 539, A124 (2012) ; A&A 541, A155 (2012)

EachsearchpipelinecalculatesadetecConstaCsCc
BackgroundesCmatedusingCmeshi]eddata

Searchoutput:triggerswitheventCme, signicance(falsealarmrate),skyprobabilitymap
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SemiAutomatedTriggerSelecCon

LUMINandGEMselectedsignicanteventcandidates, alertedhumans(oncall24/7inshi]s)tocompletemanualvalidaCon,chose targetcoordinatesandcommunicatedwithtelescopes

LSC+Virgo+others,A&A539,A124(2012)
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TelescopeNetwork
LIGOandVirgopartneredwithrapidpoinCngtelescopesforobservaConrunin summerandfallof2010. Totalof14triggerssentout(FAR<d),8followedup. Imageanalysisinprogress,parCcipaConbyLIGOandVirgoscienCsts. AlsoSwi](oneevent)andLOFARradioarray(commissioningduringrun).

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GravitaConalwavesandneutrinos
(nascentcollaboraCons)

LVD

Borexino

Super-K

IceCube ANTARES

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A First Search for coincident GWs and HENs using LIGO, Virgo and ANTARES data from 2007
Several known astrophysical sources are expected to produce both GWs and HENs: Plausible galactic sources of joint emission are Soft Gamma Repeaters (SGRs) One of the most interesting extragalactic sources are gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) Other sources include: cosmic strings and topological defects ANTARES (operating with 5 active lines) selected 216 potential neutrino events. LIGO-Virgo exploited the knowledge of the time and possible directions of the neutrino event to improve the search sensitivity for GWs. No coincidences were found. 17 May 2012 arXiv:1205.3018v2 That means that if any any of the neutrino candidates came from the astrophysical sources considered, they must have been too far away for the gravitational waves to be detectable.

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JointGWradiosearches
ETA

PlausiblesourcesofjointGWradio emissionsinclude:
BNSmergers(magnatarcomponent, plasmaexcitaCon) GRBradioa]erglows(<minutes) Pulsarglitches UnidenCedtransients
LOFAR NRAO Green Bank

Oineanalysis
Possibilityforlowlatencysearch; rapidradiofollowup

PotenCalpartners:

Arecibo
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End L3

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