Electron shells: 1s,2s,2p,3s,3p,4s,3d,4p,5s,4d,5p,6s,4f,5d,6p

Stoichiometry
X 6.022 x 1023

Grams
Moles A
Atoms

X molar mass

/ 6.022 x 1023

X Mole
Ratio

/ molar mass
X 6.022 x 1023

Grams
Moles B
Atoms

----X molar mass

/ 6.022 x 1023
/ molar mass

Gas stoichiometry
/ molar mass

X 22.4

Grams
Moles A
Liters @ STP

X molar mass

/ 22.4

X Mole
Ratio

/ molar mass
X 22.4

-
Grams
Moles B
Liters @ STP

X molar mass
/ 22.4
Balancing Redox
1) Bring down target element with compound (oxidation half-reaction first.)
2) Balance target elements.
3) Balance other elements (except O & H.)
4) Balance oxygen by adding H2O.
5) Balance hydrogen by adding H+.
6) Make any net charges balance using electrons.
7) When both half reactions are balanced combine them by multiplying by the lowest
common multiple.

pH
- log

[OH-]

pOH

antilog

10-14
#

14
#

- log

[H3O+]
pH

antilog

Solutions
Molarity: M = moles / L
Titrations: M1V1 = M2V2
Gas Laws
Combined Gas Law:
P1V1 / T1 = P2V2 / T2
Ideal Gas Law: PV = nRT
Variable
P
V
T
R

Quantity
Pressure
Volume
Temp
Constant

Moles

Units
Atm
L
K
0.0821 L
atm
mol K
moles

Thermodynamics
Specific heat: q = (cp)(m)(t)
Free Energy: G = H TS
Variable Quantity Units
q
Heat
J
cp
Specific J/(g K)
heat
m
Mass
G
t
Temp
K or 0C
G
Free
kJ/mol
energy
H
Enthalpy kJ/mol
T
Temp
K
S
Entropy kJ/mol

Electrochemistry
E0cell = E0cathode E0anode

Ch. 1 Worksheet
1. Classify each of the following as a homogenous or heterogeneous substance.
a. _______________ Soda pop
b. _______________ Salt
c. _______________ Salt water
d. _______________ Desk
e. _______________ Raisin Bran Cereal
f. _______________ Gold
g. _______________ Air
2. Classify each of the following as a physical or chemical change.
a. _______________ Ice melting
b. _______________ Paper burning
c. _______________ Metal rusting
d. _______________ Gas under pressure
e. _______________ Liquid evaporating
f. _______________ Food digesting
3. Why is the decomposition of mercury (II) oxide into liquid mercury and oxygen
gas a chemical change and not a physical one?

__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
4. Draw a diagram that compares the arrangement of atoms in a solid, liquid, and
gas.

Solid
Solid

Liquid

Gas

5. How is energy involved in chemical and physical changes?

__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
6.
M
_____ Amount of matter an object has

A. Homogeneous Mixture

_____ Substance made from two or more

elements that are chemically bonded

B. Mass

_____ Mixture that is not uniform

C. Physical Property

_____ Mixture that is uniform in composition D. Matter

_____ Can be observed without permanently

changing the substance

E. Heterogeneous Mixture

_____ Anything that has mass and takes up

space

F. Chemical Property

_____ Smallest unit of an element

G. Atom

H. Compound_____ Cannot be observed without

7. A horizontal row of elements in the periodic table is called a(n) _______________
permanently altering the substance
8. The symbol for the element in Period 2, Group 13 is ________________
9. Elements that are good conductors of electricity and heat are _________________
10. Elements that are poor conductors of heat and electricity are _________________
11. A vertical row of elements in the periodic table is called a(n) ________________
12. The ability of a substance to be pulled into thin wires is called _______________
13. An element that is soft and silver colored is most likely a _________________
14. The noble gases are found in which group _______________
15. At room temperature, most metals are ________________
16. Name three characteristics of non-metals
a. _______________________________
b. _______________________________
c. _______________________________
17. Name three traits of metals
a. _______________________________
b. _______________________________
c. _______________________________
18. Name three traits of metalloids
a. _______________________________
b. _______________________________
c. _______________________________

19. Name two characteristics of noble gases

a. _______________________________
b. _______________________________

20. You produce a device that requires fluorine, atomic symbol F, to function. If you
were unable to find fluorine, which element would be the best replacement?
___________________________
21. What do elements of the same group in the periodic table have in common?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
22. What do elements in the same period have in common?

Unit Conversions, Scientific Notation, Percent Error

Convert the following to scientific notation
1. 65,700 __________

9. 0.0000654 __________

2. 0.008

__________

10. 19.8

__________

3. 42

__________

11. 0.0094

__________

4. 0.7

__________

12. 327

__________

5. 32100 __________

13. 0.228

__________

6. 1066

__________

14. 314

__________

7. 0.722

__________

15. 0.0224

__________

16. 1239

__________

8. 87992 __________

Convert the following from scientific notation to expanded form

17. 2.34 x 103 ____________

20. 8.1 x 102 ____________

18. 3.2 x 10-2 ____________

21. 7.6 x 105 ____________

19. 6.43 x 106 ____________

22. 1.8 x 10-4 ____________

Make the following metric conversions. Where necessary put your answer in
scientific notation.
23. 4.3 liters =

____________ milliliters

24. 678 millimeters = ____________ meters

25. 9.0 centigrams = ____________ grams
26. 277 kilograms =

____________ grams

27. 11.7 grams =

____________ kilograms

Complete the following percent error calculations.

28. Experimental Value: 45
Accepted Value:
50

_________________

29. Experimental Value: 500

Accepted Value:
457

_________________

30. Experimental Value: 13

Accepted Value:
14

_________________

31. Experimental Value: 19.0

Accepted Value:
22.4

_________________

32. Experimental Value: 8.56

Accepted Value:
9.81

_________________

Significant Figures Work Sheet

State how many significant figures are in each number
1) 22.200 g
2) 657 m
3) 0.000711 kg
4) 876.223 mg
5) 52.345 g

__________
__________
__________
__________
__________

6) 0.3609 mL
__________
7) 500000 m
__________
8) 86000. mg
__________
9) 8955.0 g
__________
10) 87200 mL
__________
Solve each problem. State your answer in the proper number of significant figures.
11) 1.0 + 13.45

__________

12) 9.2 - 5
13) 5.800 + 0.4289
14) 5.3 2.104
15) 123.45 + 0.82
16) 37.0 / 4
17) 0.63 X 9.754
18) 40.0 / 8.74
19) 0.02384 X 1.37
20) 2.2 X 7.776

__________
__________
__________
__________
__________
__________
__________
__________
__________

Atomic Structure Worksheet

Fill in the blanks in the following worksheet. Please keep in mind that the isotope
represented by each space may NOT be the most common isotope or the one
closest in atomic mass to the value on the periodic table.

Atomic
symbol
C

Atomic
number

Protons

Neutrons

Electrons

8
12

24
31

40
40

30

98
183

W
105
95
Cr

89

35
42
71
243
27

83
90
Md

Atomic
mass

209
142
259

Se

80
40

91

Molar Mass Worksheet

Calculate the molar mass of the following chemicals:
1)
Br2
2)

CsOH

3)

BaCl2

4)

FeF3

5)

AlCl3

6)

SiCl2F2

7)

Mg3(PO4)2

8)

SO3

9)

HNO3

10)

UF6

11)

(NH4)2CO3

12)

Al2O3

13)

Pb(CH3COO)2

14)

Ga2(CrO4)3

Grams/Moles Calculations
Given the following, find the number of moles:
1)

25 grams of H3PO4

2)

Moles: __________
47 grams of HF

3)

Moles: ___________
124 grams of NaHCO3

4)

Moles: ___________
0.25 grams of FeCl3

5)

Moles: ___________
856 grams of Ra(OH)2

6)

Moles: ___________
454 grams of copper

7)

Moles: ___________
28.3 grams of CO2

8)

Moles: ____________
94 grams of Pb(CH3COO)4

Moles: _____________
Given the following, find the number of grams:
9)

8.4 moles of Cu(CN)2

10)

Grams: __________
7.3 moles of C6H6

11)

Grams: __________
17.4 moles of BaCO3

12)

Grams: __________
3.9 moles of (NH4)3PO3

13)

Grams: __________
8.5 x 10-2 moles of SnO

14)

Grams: __________
8.9 moles of ZnO

15)

Grams: ___________
2.8 moles of K2SO4

16)

Grams: ___________
93.5 moles of NI3

Grams: __________

Grams, Molecules, and Moles Worksheet

1)

How many molecules are there in 32 grams of FeF3?

Molecules: __________
2)

How many molecules are there in 250 grams of Na2SO4?

Molecules: __________
3)

How many grams are there in 4.6 x 1024 atoms of silver?

Grams: ____________
4)

How many grams are there in 4.7 x 1023 molecules of AgNO3?

Grams: ____________
5)

How many grams are there in 5.7 x 1023 molecules of H2SO4?

Grams: ____________
6)

How many molecules are there in 221 grams of Cu(NO3)2?

Molecules: __________
7)

How many grams are there in 4.9 x 1025 molecules of H2?

Molecules: __________
8)

How many molecules are there 230 grams of CoCl2?

Molecules: ___________

9)

How many molecules are there in 3.2 grams of NH4SO2?

Molecules: ___________
10)

How many grams are there in 4.4 x 1023 molecules of N2I6?

Grams: _____________
11)

How many molecules are there in 120 grams of CCl4?

Molecules: ___________
12)

How many grams are there in 2.3 x 1024 molecules of BCl3?

Grams: ______________
13)

How many grams are there in 5.4 x 1022 molecules of Ba(NO2)2?

Grams: _____________
14)

How many molecules are there 4.39 grams of LiCl?

Molecules: ____________
15)

How many grams do 3.4 x 1021 molecules of UF6 weigh?

Grams: ______________
16)

How many molecules are there in 320 grams of NH4OH?

Molecules: ____________

Electron Configuration Practice Worksheet

Write the electron configurations using arrows of the following elements:
1)

Magnesium
______________________________________________________

2)

Cobalt
______________________________________________________

3)

Krypton
______________________________________________________

4)

Beryllium
______________________________________________________

5)

Scandium
______________________________________________________

Write the electron configurations of the following elements:

6)

Nickel
______________________________________________________

7)

Cadmium
______________________________________________________

8)

Selenium
______________________________________________________

9)

Strontium
______________________________________________________

10)

Lithium ______________________________________________________

Determine what elements are denoted by the following electron configurations:

11)
1s22s22p63s23p5 ____________________
12)
1s22s22p63s23p64s23d104p65s2 _____________________
13)
[Kr] 5s24d105p4 ___________________
14)
[Xe] 6s24f145d7 ___________________
15)
[Rn] 7s25f12 ___________________
Determine whether the following electron configurations are or are not valid:
16)
1s22s22p63s23p64s24d104p6
__________________
17)
1s22s22p63s33d6
_________________
2 9
18)
[Rn] 7s 5f
__________________
19)
[Xe]
__________________
20)
[Ne] 3p5 3s2
__________________

Chapter 4 Review
SHORT ANSWER Answer the following questions in the space provided.

1.

Compare and contrast Hunds rule with the Pauli exclusion principle.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

Write the electron configuration and orbital notation for each of the following
Atoms.

3.

Silicon

4.

Carbon

5.

Argon

6.

Magnessium

7.

Bromine

8.

Beryllium

9.

Explain what is wrong with the following electron configurations?

__ __
1s
2s
2px 2py 2pz

a.

_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
____ ____
1s
2s
2px 2py 2pz

b.

_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________

10. What do each of the quantum numbers describe:

Principal: _________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
Angular Momentum: ________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
Magnetic: _________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Spin: _____________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________