COMPANY PROFILE

We are primarily Designers, Fabricators and Erectors of Chemical & Pharmaceutical equipment and Waterworks equipment. We are based in Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India. We have been supplying different kinds of equipment to various organizations of chemical & pharmaceutical industries both in India & Abroad. We have been in the field of custom fabrication for over 23 years and have acquired expertise, resources and technical manpower. We have some of the finest and precise manufacturing facilities as well as a well-equipped design team. Each and every product of ours renders a very high quality of performance and is made from the best quality stainless steel and mild steel. The materials used undergo various chemical and physical tests for quality of highest order. We can also meet your requirement of conforming to both Indian & International standards. We have qualified engineers with vast experience and the added experience of having worked with the best consultants in the business. We are also certified as an ISO 9001:2000 compliant company by TUV-SUD, Germany

Profile Fine Fab Pvt. Ltd. is a steel fabrication company, which fabricates primarily chemical equipment, among other things. These chemical equipment involve equipment which are used in bulk drugs and pharmaceutical companies, like Chemical Reactors, Heat Exchangers, Receivers, Storage Tanks, Nutch Filters, Driers etc. Other equipment Finefab manufactures include Radial gates, hot mix plants etc. Since the majority of orders come from bulk drug sectors we have come to specialize in Chemical equipment. Finefab also has developed a reputation of manufacturing quality equipment and has also exported a lot of equipment to the Middle East and East Asia. M/s. Orchid Chemicals and pharmaceuticals Ltd. is our

biggest client and Finefab has supplied equipment for over 10 million dollars. Philosophy & Achievements Our philosophy basically puts a strong emphasis on trust and commitment to our four wheels of success.

Quality We know that quality is the foremost factor to strengthen the trust that our customers have bestowed on us. That is why we pay utmost attention in providing the best quality of materials and finish. That is precisely why 90 % of our orders come from repeat business.

Technology We understand the importance of keeping ourselves abreast of the various changes in the requirements of our customers. Hence we invest a considerable amount of time and resources in the updating of ourselves with the changing times and technologies.

Customer Service We strongly believe in providing the best customer service, both before and after delivery. That is why our motto has been Custom Fabrication for Customer Satisfaction.

Timely Delivery We know the value and cost of your time and how much you would stand to lose even if one item doesnt reach you on time. That is why we give our very best for a timely delivery and a strict adherence to schedules.

Our Reputation and Track Record of over 23 years speaks for itself. It is in lieu of our above philosophy and our export accomplishments that the Indian Council for Small & Medium Exporters had bestowed us with the Excellence Award in 1997. We have also received a credit rating of SE 2B by CRISIL indicating a high performance capability.

Promoters The following are the chief promoters of this company:

V.VENUGOPAL REDDY, (M.Tech), Managing Director: Mr. Venugopal Reddy is a postgraduate from REC-WARANGAL, in the field of power systems. He has over 30 years of experience in various fields and is also a class-A civil contractor. He enjoys a huge goodwill among his peers and is well known for his social endeavors. He is a true entrepreneur and has successfully executed various projects. He was also a well renowned sportsman during his academic years.

V.VAMSI KRISHNA, (M.S.), Executive Director: Mr. Vamsi Krishna has completed his graduation as a bachelor of engineer in the field of electronics and communication. He has also completed his masters degree in the field of computer science, in Northern Illinois University, Chicago, U.S.A. He has also worked in the U.S.A. for over 2 years in one of the most reputed companies in the U.S.A., before returning back to India. He has since been instrumental in developing the various companies & firms in the group.

D.VENKATESWARA REDDY (B.E.), Director: Mr. Venkateswara Reddy has completed his graduation as a bachelor of engineer in the field of Mechanical Engineering. He has over 17 years of experience in the field of steel fabrication and is known to lead by example with respect to work ethics.

Products Our main products are as follows:

Chemical Reactors Hydrogenator Crystallizes Permenters Heat Exchangers Tube Bundles Cooling Coils Storage Tanks Leaf Filters Nutch Filters Centrifugal Leaf Filters Centrifuges Drum Mixing plants Blenders Belt Conveyors Online Filters Pressure Filters Flackers Distillation Columns Sodium Cutting machines

We also manufacture Penstocks (Water Pipes) and Radial gates in addition to undertaking Piping, Structural Fabrication and Lead/Rubber lining works as well. We are always on the lookout to enlarge and diversify our product range to meet our customers needs.

Infrastructure LIST OF MACHINERY Description Plate Bending Machines Plasma Arc Cutting cum Tig Welding Machine Welding Generators Air Cooled Welding Transformers Radial Drilling Machines Pillar Type Drilling Machine Grinding Machines (Various Types) Bench Grinders Portable Drilling Machine Lathe Machine Air Compressor Pug Cutting Machines Hydraulic Pipe Bending Machines Hydraulic Testing Equipment Air plasma Cutting Machine Gas Cutting Sets Power Hacksaw Pipe Cutting Machine Quantity (in Nos.) 2 2 3 7 2 3 9 3 4 2 2 4 3 3 2 3 2 1

ORGANISATION STRUCTURE

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

MANAGING DIRECTOR

MARKETING MANAGER

PRODUCTION MANAGER

FINANCE MANAGER

SALES REPRESENTATIVES

ACCOUNTANT SUPERVISOR

MACHINE OPERATORS

WORKERS

VARIOUS DEPARTMENTS:-

There are mainly eight departments in the Fine Fab. They are as follows:-

Purchase Department Quality Control Department Production Department Marketing Department Accounts Department HRD Department Despatch Department R & D Department

PURCHASE DEPARTMENT Purchase department looks after all the purchases of raw materials. The department looks after the purchase of all divisions. The purchase manager handles all matters regarding the purchase. The manager is assisted by supervisor and storekeeper. The purchasing decision is done only after a close examination of the quantity and quality of the materials to be purchased.

PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT The production of all the medicines is managed by the production manager. The production manager is assisted by five supervisors and ninety workers. The material requirement for the production of medicines are evaluated by supervisors and reported to the manager. The production process and the time required for the completion of the product differs for the entire product. There are more products being produced by this department. CHART

Production Manager

Supervisor

Workers

ACCOUNTS DEPARTMENT The accounting department maintains all the accounting works of the company. There are five accountants in the department. These accountants maintain all accounting records like balance sheet and profit & loss account. The report thus obtained is submitted to the senior assistant. The senior accountant thus examines all the records and clears it. The final report is submitted to the accounts manager. The accounting manager then thus forwards the report to the top management. CHART

Accounts Manager

Senior Accountant

Accountants

RESEARCH &DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT All kinds of research and developments take place in this department. The company is also maintaining a separate department for all the researches. The lab assistant creates different ways for the purpose of innovating new medicines. The research is found successfully is tested and developed so that they can produced and sold. A small portion of the raw materials purchased are used for this purpose. CHART
R & D Manager

Workers

QUALITY CONTROL DEPARTMENT The quality control department checks the quality of both the raw materials as well as that of the finished products. Only after proper checking of the raw materials, they are used for the purpose of production. Then only after proper checking of the finished products they are further proceeded for despatch. The functions of this department include incoming raw material quality control, in process quality control activities, and finished products quality control activities. CHART

Manager

Workers

DESPATCH DEPARTMENT

Despatch department deals with packing and dispatching of the product as per the production and orders received from the concerned agencies. Despatch department deals only with the finished product. The despatch department dealings are done by the manager and the workers in the department. CHART

Manager

Workers

MARKETING DEPARTMENT Marketing department undertakes all the matters regarding the sales, pricing and sales promotion activities of the products. This department provides cash as well as credit sales. The credit sales are allowed for a period of one month. The marketing manager takes all the important decisions concerning the marketing of the products.

CHART
Marketing Manager

Assistant Manager

Sales representatives

Agency

HUMAN RESOURCE DEPARTMENT The human resource department deals with the training and development of workers in the pharmacy. They provide training for all the workers. The HR manager manages all the work related with the human resource of the company.

INDUSTRY PROFILE

Industrial engineering is a branch of engineering dealing with the optimization of complex processes or systems. It is concerned with the development, improvement, implementation and evaluation of integrated systems of people, money, knowledge, information, equipment, energy, materials, analysis and synthesis, as well as the mathematical, physical and social sciences together with the principles and methods of engineering design to specify, predict, and evaluate the results to be obtained from such systems or processes. Its underlying concepts overlap considerably with certain business-oriented disciplines such as operations management, but the engineering side tends to emphasize extensive mathematical proficiency and usage of quantitative methods. Depending on the subspecialties involved, industrial engineering may also be known as, or overlap with, operations management, management science, operations research, systems engineering, manufacturing engineering, ergonomics or human factors engineering, safety engineering, or others, depending on the viewpoint or motives of the user. For example, in health care, the engineers known as health management engineers or health systems engineers are, in essence, industrial engineers by another name. Overview

While the term originally applied to manufacturing, the use of "industrial" in "industrial engineering" can be somewhat misleading, since it has grown to encompass any methodical or quantitative approach to optimizing how a process, system, or organization operates. Some engineering universities and educational agencies around the world have changed the term "industrial" to broader terms such as "production" or "systems", leading to the typical extensions noted above. In fact, the primary U.S. professional organization for Industrial Engineers, the Institute of Industrial Engineers (IIE) has been considering changing its name to something broader (such as the Institute of Industrial & Systems Engineers), although the latest vote among membership deemed this unnecessary for the time being. The various topics concerning industrial engineers include management science, financial engineering, engineering management, supply chain management, process engineering, operations research, systems engineering, ergonomics / safety

engineering, cost and value engineering, quality engineering, facilities planning, and the engineering design process. Traditionally, a major aspect of industrial engineering was planning the layouts of factories and designing assembly lines and other manufacturing paradigms. And now, in so-called lean manufacturing systems, industrial engineers work to eliminate wastes of time, money, materials, energy, and other resources. Examples of where industrial engineering might be used include designing an assembly workstation, strategizing for various operational logistics, consulting as an efficiency expert, developing a new financial algorithm or loan system for a bank, streamlining operation and emergency room location or usage in a hospital, planning complex distribution schemes for materials or products (referred to as Supply Chain Management), and shortening lines (or queues) at a bank, hospital, or a theme park. Industrial engineers typically use computer simulation (especially discrete event simulation), along with extensive mathematical tools and modeling and computational methods for system analysis, evaluation, and optimization

History Efforts to apply science to the design of processes and of production systems were made by many people in the 18th and 19th centuries. They took some time to evolve and to be synthesized into disciplines that we would label with names such as industrial engineering, production engineering, or systems engineering. For example, precursors to industrial engineering included some aspects of military science; the quest to develop manufacturing using interchangeable parts; the development of the armory system of manufacturing; the work of Henri Fayol and colleagues (which grew into a larger movement called Fayolism); and the work of Frederick Winslow Taylor and colleagues (which grew into a larger movement called scientific management). In the late 19th century, such efforts began to inform consultancy and higher education. The idea of consulting with experts about process engineering naturally evolved into the idea of teaching the concepts as curriculum. Industrial engineering courses were taught by multiple universities in Europe at the end of the 19th century, including in Germany, France, the United Kingdom, and Spain.[1] In the United States, the first department of industrial and manufacturing engineering was established in 1909 at the Pennsylvania State University. The first doctoral degree in industrial engineering was awarded in the 1930s by Cornell University. Industrial engineers determine the most effective ways to use the basic factors of production -- people, machines, materials, information, and energy -- to make a product or to provide a service. They are the bridge between management goals and operational performance. They are more concerned with increasing productivity through the management of people, methods of business organization, and technology than are engineers in other specialties, who generally work more with products or processes. Although most industrial engineers work in manufacturing industries, they may also work in consulting services, healthcare, and communications. To solve organizational, production, and related problems most efficiently, industrial engineers carefully study the product and its requirements, use mathematical methods such as operations

research to meet those requirements, and design manufacturing and information systems. They develop management control systems to aid in financial planning and cost analysis and design production planning and control systems to coordinate activities and ensure product quality. They also design or improve systems for the physical distribution of goods and services. Industrial engineers determine which plant location has the best combination of raw materials availability, transportation facilities, and costs. Industrial engineers use computers for simulations and to control various activities and devices, such as assembly lines and robots. They also develop wage and salary administration systems and job evaluation programs. Many industrial engineers move into management positions because the work is closely related. The work of health and safety engineers is similar to that of industrial engineers in that it deals with the entire production process. Health and safety engineers promote worksite or product safety and health by applying knowledge of industrial processes, as well as mechanical, chemical, and psychological principles. They must be able to anticipate, recognize, and evaluate hazardous conditions as well as develop hazard control methods. They also must be familiar with the application of health and safety regulations The provinces manufacturing industry developed around processing the abundant natural resources harvested or extracted in the province: canning salmon, processing fruits and berries, producing lumber and paper, and smelting and refining ores. These activities still dominate manufacturing in BC, but their role has been diminishing over time as other industries are becoming more prominent. During the last decade and a half, the composition of BCs manufacturing industry has been changing. It remains dominated by resource-based production, but the focus is gradually shifting to a greater emphasis on other products such as computers, electronics, plastics and clothing. This has partly been fostered by free trade

agreements, which have opened up new markets for Canadian products. As well, new types of manufacturing have emerged in order to take advantage of changes in technology, and shifting consumer and business demand for various types of products. The largest manufacturing industry in BC continues to be the wood industry, with BC contributing 40% of Canadas GDP in this sector. Food production is the second largest manufacturing industry in BC, with dairy and meat production the primary contributors. Other manufacturing industries in the province include paper, machinery, electronics, and computers & peripheral devices. The greatest growth from 1997 to 2006 was in computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing, which more than quadrupled its GDP in this period, rising from $40 to $220 million. The production of pharmaceuticals and medicines more than doubled in BC between 1997 and 2006, a growth rate similar to that seen in the electronics industry.

Future job growth for industrial and manufacturing engineers is expected to be average, with a total of 270 job openings in BC between 2010 and 2015. Just over half of these will be from the creation of new jobs, with the remaining positions as a result of retirements.

Traditionally, industrial engineers worked in the manufacturing industry, helping factories achieve the most efficient balance of human labour, natural resources, and technology. In recent years, they have branched out. Engineers now work with hospitals, fast food restaurants, and other organizations that depend on efficient physical performance for their success. Industrial engineers are efficiency experts. They improve companies productivity by evaluating the way the different branches of a company do things, and thinking of better ways to do them. Efficiency includes not only technical problems, but also financial and personnel issues. For example, if an industrial engineer is deciding whether or not to replace factory workers with computerized machines, he or she considers the cost of the machines and the effect they will have on remaining factory workers. Because industrial engineers deal with such a wide range of issues, theirs is one of the least technical and most people-oriented of the engineering disciplines. Some industrial engineers design processes (such as assembly lines) within factories or service sector companies to ensure the most efficient use of resources. Others specialize in human factors engineering, meaning they create ergonomic (human friendly and comfortable) machines, tools, office furniture, and computer work stations.

Specialists in other areas concentrate on measuring the quality of certain goods and services, or creating information-gathering systems that are used by computers in the manufacturing process. The Employment Outlook for BC 2007-2017 provides job openings projections for Industrial and Manufacturing Engineers within BC regions

Employment Outlook in BC Estimated Estimated Average Annual %

Region

Employment 2010 Employment 2015 Change (2010-2015) 140 150 1.0%

Vancouver Island Lower Mainland/Southwest

940

1030

1.8%

Thompson-Okanagan 100 Kootenay Cariboo North Nechako Northeast Coast & 40 30

110 40 30

1.3% 0.4% 1.1%

20

20

0.9%

20

20

1%

Duties Industrial and manufacturing engineers conduct studies, and develop and supervise programs to achieve the best use of equipment, human resources, technology, materials and procedures to enhance efficiency and productivity.

Industrial and manufacturing engineers perform some or all of the following duties:

Plan and design plant layouts and facilities Study new machinery and facilities and recommend or select efficient combinations

Develop flexible or integrated manufacturing systems and procedures Conduct studies and implement programs to determine optimum inventory levels for production and to allow optimum utilization of machinery, materials and resources

Analyze costs of production Design, develop and conduct time studies and work simplification programs Determine human resource and skill requirements and develop training programs Develop performance standards, evaluation systems and wage and incentive programs

Conduct studies of the reliability and performance of plant facilities and production or administrative systems

Develop maintenance standards, schedules and programs Establish programs and conduct studies to enhance industrial health and safety or to identify and correct fire and other hazards

Evaluate or assess industrial facilities Supervise technicians, technologists, analysts, administrative staff and other engineers.

Industry Sectors and Types of Employers Industrial and manufacturing engineers are employed in consulting firms, manufacturing and processing companies, in government, financial, health care and other institutions, or they may be self-employed.

Wages and Salaries in the Industry Salaries for industrial engineers vary depending on experience, level of education, and employer. Engineers with graduate degrees generally earn higher salaries than those with only a bachelors degree. Entry-level industrial engineers can earn anywhere from $35,000 to $65,000 a year. As they acquire expertise and seniority, their annual earnings increase. The national average income for industrial engineers is somewhere between $65,000 and $90,000 a year. Those who move up into senior engineering or senior management positions can earn more than $115,000 a year. Economic downturns or recessions generally do not affect industrial engineers incomes. In such times, the competitiveness and efficiency that industrial engineers can deliver become more important. Source: Career Cruising Profile for Industrial Engineers. Available from the VPL Newspapers, Articles, Encyclopedias & More page: In addition to their salaries most salaried engineers also receive benefits, including health and dental insurance and paid sick leave and vacation time. Some may receive further benefits, including performance-based bonuses, use of a company car, and pension plan contributions. In its 2008 Report On Members Compensation And Benefits , The Association of Professional Engineers and Geoscientists of British Columbia (APEGBC) provided these salary figures:

Total Annual Compensation # of Lower Quartile Upper Quartile

responses Industrial/Manufacturing Consulting Heavy Manufacturing Light Manufacturing

Mean

Median

12

$89,008 $67,300

$87,300 $115,950

67 31

$102,871 $69,625 $92,147 $63,250

$97,500 $120,000 $75,900 $108,750

Service Canadas Labour Market Information provides hourly wages for industrial and manufacturing engineers in four BC regions:

Across Canada, industrial and manufacturing engineers can expect to make:

Working Conditions and Environment Unlike many other types of engineers, industrial engineers spend a large part of their day meeting or working with people - everyone from factory workers to business managers. Engineers who work in manufacturing plants may have to deal with elevated noise levels, and wear steel-toed boots and safety helmets while on the factory floor. The risk of injury is fairly low, however, as long as established safety procedures are adhered to. Typical Hours of Work The most commonly reported standard work week for engineers in BC is 40 hours, although the average number of hours actually worked each week is 44 according to the 2008 APEGBC survey. Deadlines may cause added pressure that results in longer hours and more stress, and actual hours tend to vary between 40 and 50 per week. Engineers are entitled to vacation time ranging from 2 weeks (10%) to 5 weeks or more (22%). Most engineers (67%) receive 3-4 weeks of paid vacation.

Industrial Engineering is concerned with the design of production systems. The Industrial Engineer analyzes and specifies integrated components of people, machines, and facilities to create efficient and effective systems that produce goods and services beneficial to mankind. Anywhere there is a "value-added" enterprise, there is a production process. The IE focuses on "how" a product is made or "how" a service is rendered. The goal of Industrial Engineering is improving the "how." Generally, the criteria for judging improvement are productivity and quality. Productivity means getting more from the resources being expended, namely being efficient. Quality judges the value or effectiveness of the output. Industrial Engineering focuses on systems design. Production processes are composed of many interacting parts, all of whom work together. Experience has taught that changes to one portion may not result in improvements to the whole. Thus Industrial Engineers generally work with tools that emphasize systems analysis and design. Since production systems are found anywhere there is an attempt to provide a service, as well as produce a part, the methodologies of Industrial Engineering are applicable. In that sense, the adjective "industrial" should be interpreted as "industrious", referring to the process of being skillful and careful. In many departments, Industrial Engineering is called "Industrial and Systems Engineering" in an attempt to make it clear that the industrial adjective is intended to be generic. All IE's take at least one manufacturing course, which deals with manufacturing processes, and other courses closely associated with manufacturing. Every IE is

therefore knowledgeable about metal working machinery and processes. Further, related courses address manufacturing as a system. At NC State the IE department also includes furniture manufacturing, which makes students aware of wood working machinery and processes. The manufacturing industry has and remains a manifest concern of Industrial Engineering. In general engineers are concerned with the analysis and design of systems. Electrical Engineers are concerned with electrical systems, Mechanical Engineers are concerned with mechanical systems, Chemical Engineers are concerned with chemical systems, and so forth. Industrial Engineers are concerned with production systems. In general, engineering is the application of science and mathematics to the development of products and services useful to mankind. Industrial Engineering focuses on the "way" those products and services are made, using the same approaches that other engineers apply in the development of the product or service, and for the same purpose. The Industrial Engineer is trained in the same basic way as other engineers. They take the same foundation courses in mathematics, physics, chemistry, humanities, and social sciences. Thy also take some of the basic physical engineering sciences like thermodynamic, circuits, statics, and solids. They take Industrial Engineering specialty courses in their later years. Like other engineering courses, the industrial engineering courses employ mathematical models as a central device for understanding their systems. Fundamentally, Industrial Engineering has no basic physical science like mechanics, chemistry, or electricity. Also because a major component in any production system is people, Industrial Engineering has a person portion. At NC State, the human aspect is called ergonomics, although elsewhere it is called human factors. A more subtle difference between Industrial Engineering than other engineering disciplines is the concentration on discrete mathematics. IE's deal with systems that are measured discretely, rather than metrics which are continuous.

Because Industrial Engineering deals with the "way" something is done, IE tools emphasize "methods" of understanding systems. The fundamental sciences that deal with methodology are mathematical sciences, namely mathematics, statistics, and computer science. System characterization thus employ

mathematical, statistical, and computer models and methods and give direct rise to Industrial Engineering tools such as optimization, stochastic processes, and simulation. Industrial Engineering specialty courses therefore use these "basic sciences" and the IE tools to understand traditional production elements as economic analysis, production planning, facilities design, materials handling, manufacturing systems and processes, job analysis, and so forth. All engineers, including IE's, take mathematics through calculus and differential equations. Industrial Engineering is different in that it is based on "discrete variable" math, whereas all other engineering is based on "continuous variable" math. Thus IE's emphasize the use of linear algebra and difference equations, as opposed to the use of differential equations which are so prevalent in other engineering disciplines. This emphasis becomes evident in optimization of production systems in that we are sequencing orders, scheduling batches, determining the number of materials handling units, arranging factory layouts, finding sequences of motions, etc. Industrial Engineers deal almost exclusively with systems of discrete components. Thus IE's have a different mathematical culture All IE's take at least one course in probability and one course in statistics. Industrial Engineering specialty courses that follow these include quality control, simulation, and stochastic processes. Further the traditional courses in production planning, economic risk assessment, and facilities planning employ statistical models for understanding these systems. Some of the other engineering disciplines take some probability and statistics, but none have integrated these topics more into their study of systems. Probably no other aspect of technology has greater potential impact on Industrial Engineering than computing. Like all other engineers, IE's take computer programming. Specific Industrial Engineering specialty courses like real-time control and simulation expanding the role of computer science principles within Industrial Engineering. Further, most all Industrial Engineering tools are now computer based, with growing recognition that computer assisted analysis and design of production systems hold new untapped potential. Of special note is that computer simulation involves using specialized computer languages for modeling production systems and analyzing their behavior on

the computer, before experimentation with real systems begin. In addition, both computer science and Industrial Engineering share a common interest in discrete mathematical structures. Industrial Engineering at the undergraduate level is generally seen as a composition of four areas. First is operations research, which provides methods for the general analysis and design of systems. Operations Research (OR) includes optimization, decision analysis, stochastic processes, and simulation. Production generally includes such aspects as economic analysis, production planning and control, quality control, facilities design, and other aspects of world-class manufacturing. Third is manufacturing processes and systems. Manufacturing process deals directly with materials forming, cutting, shaping, planning, etc. Manufacturing systems focus on the integration of manufacturing process, usually through computer control and communications. Finally ergonomics deals with the human equation. Physical ergonomics view the human as a biomechanical device . while informational ergonomics examines the cognitive aspects of humans. Industrial engineers analyze and evaluate methods of production and point out ways to improve them. They decide how a company should allocate its limited tangible resources (equipment and labor) within the framework of existing physical constraints (physical plant). Each company that hires an industrial engineer, either as a consultant or as an internal manager, has its own specific limitations. An industrial engineer must quickly become an expert not only in the manufacturing and production processes of the industry, but also in the specific culture, problems, and challenges that the company faces. This may mean face-to-face meetings with executives, extensive stays on manufacturing floors, and review of historical production data. Industrial engineers receive information from others about what goes on in the day-to-day work environment, but they must also make their own observations of these activities. Many employees are uncomfortable being watched by industrial engineers, and industrial engineers often

walk a thin line between being an analyst and being a detective. An industrial engineers most difficult task is communicating his observations and suggestions to company executives, many of whom are emotionally invested in their traditional way of doing business. Industrial engineers must be tactful in what they say and in how they say it. In addition to tact, being a successful industrial engineer requires charm and the willingness to stand by ones recommendations even in the face of unresponsive management. The large majority of industrial engineersaround 70 percentworks at manufacturing companies, and many have specific areas of specialization, such as assembly,

raw-product processing, or administrative (paperwork) practices. Most industrial engineers have good working conditions, intellectually challenging work, and a high level of satisfaction. Hours can be long, but this tends to be outweighed by the satisfaction derived from the education that each different project brings. Recent Advances in Industrial Engineering Recent Advances in Industrial Engineering addresses manufacturing processes and methods, optimization, experimental engineering design, and reliability and quality control techniques, as well as other topics, including: Quality management systems Computer supported collaborative engineering Human factors and ergonomics Engineering management and leadership Transportation network design Stochastics modeling Queueing theory