N 208029
CISTITE CEFALEIA DOR NCOP INFLUENZA DEV VIRUS NAO IDENTIFICADO OUTR SINT E SINAIS GERAIS FARINGITE AGUDA DIABETES MELLITUS NAO-INSULINO-DEPENDENTE ASMA OUTR TRANST ANSIOSOS EPISODIOS DEPRESSIVOS OUTR GASTROENTERITES E COLITES NAO-INFECC Total parcial Dem ais Total de diagnsticos
6,29 151381 4,57 109504 3,31 88562 2,68 74460 2,25 68498 2,07 51104 1,54 49525 1,50 40933 1,24 40617 1,23 38975 1,18 36510 1,10 32934 1,00 32804 0,99 32527 0,98 31877 0,96 30892 0,93 30719 0,93 30141 0,91 29055 0,88 1209047 36,53 2100289 63,47 3309336 100,00
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
HIPERTENSAO ESSENCIAL DIABETES MELLITUS NAO-INSULINO-DEPENDEMTE DORSALGIA DIABETES MELLITUS NE DIABETES MELLITUS INSULINO-DEPENDENTE DOR ABDOMINAL E PELVICA OUTR TRANST ARTICULARES NCOP INFECC AGUDAS VIAS AEREAS SUPER LOC MULT NE TOSSE DOR NCOP Total Parcial Demais Total de diagnsticos na faixa etria
20,17 3,18 3,03 1,93 1,75 1,37 1,34 1,32 1,19 1,18 36,45 63,55 100,00
Evoluo do DM 2
Metas no Idoso
A1c < 7,0% ? A1c < 7,5 8% ?
Ptolomeu sculo II d. C.
Bases do Tratamento
Mudana do estilo de vida Suspenso do fumo Aumento da atividade fsica Melhora dos hbitos alimentares
Controle da glicemia
GLICEMIA
Glitazonas Metformina Insulino resistncia
Acarbose
Absoro intestinal de CH
Metformina
Metformina
Metformina e Mortalidade
Sulfonilurias e Glinidas
Glitazonas
Aumenta a sensibilidade insulnica
ADOPT: A T2D Outcome Progression Trial (Rosiglitazone Sustained A1C Over Time*)
8.0 7.5
Treatment Difference at 4 Years RSG vs MET 0.13 (0.22 to 0.05), P=0.002 RSG vs GLY 0.42 (0.50 to 0.33), P<0.001
GLY MET
A1C (%)
7.0 6.5
Medium term Short term
RSG
6.0 0
Long term
0
4012
1
3308
2
2991
3
2583
4
2197
5
822
Time (years)
Number of patients:
* Mean A1C values per visit are based on a repeated measures mixed model. Adapted from Kahn SE, et al. N Engl J Med. 2006;355:2427-2443.
Risco cardiovascular?
Inibidores da glucosidase
Incretinas
Anlogos do GLP-1
(Exenatide e Liraglutide)
Efeito Incretina
Plasma Glucose (mg/dL)
Oral glucose (50 g) or isoglycemic infusion
2.0
C-Peptide (nmol/L)
200
1.5
1.0
100
0.5 0.0
0 0 60 120 180
60
120
180
Time (min)
Adapted from Nauck MA, et al. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1986;63:492-498.
Time (min)
Efeitos do GLP 1
GLP-1 secreted upon the ingestion of food
Promotes satiety and reduces appetite
Alpha cells: Postprandial glucagon secretion Liver: Glucagon reduces hepatic glucose output Stomach: Helps regulate gastric emptying
Adapted from Flint A, et al. J Clin Invest. 1998;101:515-520.; Adapted from Larsson H, et al. Acta Physiol Scand. 1997;160:413-422.; Adapted from Nauck MA, et al. Diabetologia. 1996;39:1546-1553.; Adapted from Drucker DJ. Diabetes. 1998;47:159-169.
Day 1
Day 3
Day 5
Insulina
Insulina