Vibration Severity Chart

How To Use This Severity Chart

1) 3-in-1 chart plots vibration measure and levels for: Acceleration vs. CPM, Velocity vs. CPM, and Displacement vs. CPM. 2) Knowing a machines RPM (i.e. CPM) and the vibration sensing technique (see table below), determine how the machine should perform when new (or rebuilt) and what level might warrant an ALERT or DANGER condition. 3) Simplied table below graph is offered for typical acceptance criteria for seismic (casing) and shaft proximity vibration.
EXAMPLE FAN 625 um (25 mils)

00

0)

00

(1

(1

0) (1

(5

250 (10) 125 (5)

VELOCITY mm/s (IPS) 25 (1)

REFERENCE MATERIAL

12.5 (.5)
EXAMPLE FAN 7.5 mm/s (.3 ips), pk

2.

(.1

1.2 (.05)

.2

(.0

1)

2.5 (.1)

.25 (.01) 100

2 3 4 5 6 789 2 3 4 5 6 789 2 3 4 5 6 7 89

1000

100K

EXAMPLE FAN 230 cpm

EXAMPLE FAN .02 g

VIBRATION FREQUENCY IN CPM (e. g. MACHINE RPM)

NOTES for determining a setpoint (e.g. alarm and/or danger limit) for machine protection monitoring:
1) Metrix Instrument Co. will not be held liable for setpoint determination. 2) Consult machinery manufacturer (OEM) for recommendations. They know their machinery best. 3) As a starting point only, the following is from over 30 years of company eld experience and is offered free from charge.
Operating Speed* All < 4000 RPM 4K < RPM < 80K > 100,000 CPM Application Sensing Technique Common Measurand
Velocity

NEW

Typical Vibration Reading/Setpoints ALERT

Rolling element brgs. Seismic - on bearing case Hydrodynamic, Journal Bearings Non-contact Proximity (thru case) Acoustic atop gears

.05 -.08 ips,pk 1-2 mm/s,RMS .2 - .3 ips,pk 4-6 mm/s,RMS .3 - .4 ips,pk 5-7 mm/s,RMS .08 -.12 ips,pk 2-3 mm/s,RMS .3 - .4 ips,pk 5-7 mm/s,RMS .4 - .6 ips,pk 7-10 mm/s,RMS .8 - 1.2 mil, pk-pk .2 - .3 mil, pk-pk 3 - 8 g,pk 20 - 30 um, pk-pk 5 - 8 um, pk-pk 2 - 6 g,RMS 2.0 - 2.5 mil, pk-pk .8- 1.2 mil, pk-pk 10 - 25 g,pk 50 - 75 um, pk-pk 20 - 30 um, pk-pk 7 - 18 g,RMS 3.0 - 4.0 mil, pk-pk 1.0 - 1.5 mil, pk-pk 15 - 40 g,pk 75 - 100 um, pk-pk 25 - 40 um, pk-pk 10-28 g,RMS

Displacement

Gearmesh

Acceleration

*Refers to constant speed machines. For variable speed machines, velocity severity is constant. Note from the chart that the displacement and acceleration measureands vary with speed and are not normally used due to complex severity determination. Vibration - Condition Monitoring and Protection

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) D IS P (M LA IL CE S) M ,P E K- NT PK u m ) IO AT ER K EL G, P N

00

00

25

25

12

25

25

(1 10

50

(2

0G CC A

BAD ROUGH

10 G
1 MIL 1 UM 1 IPS 1 MM/S 1G 1 CPM
RMS

FAIR ACCEPTABLE DESIRABLE

= 0.001 INCH (25.4 UM) = 10-6 M (0.03937 MIL) = 1 IN/SEC (25.4 MM/S) = 1 MILLIMETER/SEC = (0.03937 IPS) = ACCEL.DUE TO GRAVITY = 386 IN/SEC2 (9.81 M/S2) = 1 CYCLE PER MINUTE = CYCLES/SEC (HZ) X 60 = PK X .707 (FOR SINE WAVE)

1G

.1

.0 01 G

1G .0

DANGER

Charts & Guides

Relationships of Sinusoidal Velocity, Acceleration, Displacement
ENGLISH F 41.0 50.0 68.0 86.0 89.6 104.0 122.0 140.0 158.0 176.0 194.0 212.0 392 482 572 752 932 1112 1382 1472 1832 2192 2552 V V g g D D = fD = 61.44 g/f = 0.0511 f2D = 0.0162 Vf = 0.3183 V/f = 19.57 g/f2 D V f g = Inches pk-to-pk = Inches/second = Hz (cps) or RPM/60 = 386.1 In/sec2

Conversion Between F and C

C F C 273.15 268 262 251 240 212 184 169 157 129 101 73.3 62.2 53.9 51.1 40.0 28.9 459.67 450 440 420 400 350 300 273 250 200 150 100 80 65 60 40 20 F 15.9 12.2 6.67 1.11 0.00 + 4.44 10.0 15.6 21.1 26.7 32.2 37.8 93.3 121 149 204 160 316 399 427 538 649 760 C F C +5 10 20 30 32 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 200 250 300 400 500 600 750 800 1000 1200 1400

METRIC V V g g D D = fD = 1.56 g/f = 2.013 f2D = 0.641 Vf = 0.3183 V/f = 0.4968 g/f2 D V f g = meters pk-to-pk = meters/second = Hz (cps) or RPM/60 = 9.807 m/sec2

459.7 418 328 238 148 112 85 76 40.0 4.0

REFERENCE MATERIAL

Constants for True Sine Waves Only

rms value rms value peak value peak value average value average value peak-to-peak = 0.707 = 1.11 = 1.414 = 1.57 = 0.637 = 0.90 = 2.0 x peak value x average value x rms value x average value x peak value x rms value x peak value

- 23.3 - 20.6 - 17.8

- 10 - 5 0

+ 14.0 23.0 32.0

Vibration Warning Level Guide

IPS (in/sec)

1.0
Gear Boxes, Electric Motors & Pumps:Gear & Cent.

Machine tools (unloaded) & Steam Turbines

0.5 0.1

Generators & Hammermill (unloaded)

Recips: Compressors, Pumps & Engines

Packaging Machinery

0.05 0.0 Velocity

Vibration - Condition Monitoring and Protection

Crushers (unloaded)

Cent. Compressors Fans & Blowers

Conveyors

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