5.

1 STRUCTURAL DESIGN BASIS REPORT

Proposal Number 1103133; Date: 19 Nov 2010

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5.1.1

Introduction: The purpose of the report is to outline the Structural design as intended to be carried out in a step by step fashion like modeling, loading , detailing and codes of practice for the proposed Solar Cell Factory of Surana Ventures at Hyderabad (India).

5.1.2

Project Description: The proposed project consists of the following facilities as per Architectural drawings. Production Cell Fire Pump House WTTP/D/W/WTP Chemical Chillers CDA UPS Electrical Room Toilets & Lockers Offices & Security Raw Material Storage Loading Dock etc.

5.1.3

Structural System CONSIDERING THIS AS A STANDARD FACTORY WE HAVE PROPOSED PREENGINEERED BUILDING (PEB) FOR THE ENTIRE SHED. DETAIL DESIGN SHALL BE SUBMITTED DURING ENGINEERING STAGE. HOWEVER GENERAL CONCEPTS ARE AS DESCRIBED BELOW AND MAY GET REVISED AS PER DETAIL DESIGN WORKS. Foundation: In the absence of soil report, isolated pad footings shall be designed with an SBC of 200 kN/Sqm at 2.5m depth from natural ground level, as per the soil data near by the proposed site. Super Structure: The super structure will be a framed steel structure with regular columns and rafter beams. RCC Plinth beams are connected at ground level (level-1) i.e pedestal level.The roof will be a light weight structure consisting of built up steel rafters at 7.5m c/c and purlins are provided at every 1500mm intervals. GI Galvalume roof sheet will be provided for roofing of this building. Slope of roof will be 5 deg with horizontal. Necessary roof, wall and flange bracings will be provided as per structural requirement.

Proposal Number 1103133; Date: 11 Nov 2010

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5.1.4

Design Philosophy A. Robustness Structures are planned and designed so that they are not unreasonably susceptible to effects of accident wherein damage to small area of failure of single element may lead to collapse of major portions of the structure. This is catered to by taking the following precautions: Designing buildings to withstand horizontal loads from Wind & Seismic Loads also. Providing effective horizontal ties, around the periphery, internally and to columns and walls. B. Serviceability The design properties of materials and the design loads comply with design codes specified in later part of this report and would typically include, C. Deflection Criteria: Final deflection below level of supports should not be greater than l/250 where l is the span of the member or the length of the cantilever. Deflection after installation of elements such as cladding and partitions not greater than l/350 or 20mm whichever is lesser. D. Cracking of concrete : Design surface crack width due to applied loads or thermal or shrinkage effects not greater than 0.3 mm for general structures and 0.1mm in case of important structures. However no crack is allowed for water retaining structures. E. 1.2.3 Durability Durability is achieved by integration of all aspects of design material and construction. The environmental effect to which the concrete or steel is exposed to will taken into account during the design by providing adequate cover to reinforcement and use of protective coatings to structural steel works. The nominal cover to main reinforcement for mild environmental conditions would be as give below.

STRUCTURAL ELEMENT Foundation and walls Column/pedestals below ground Columns/pedestals above ground
Proposal Number 1103133; Date: 11 Nov 2010

COVER 50mm 50mm 40mm

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Beams

25mm

F. Fire Resistance The design of structural elements is to be based on fire resistance levels to satisfy Code of design for fire protection and prevention requirements as advised in NBC. 5.1.5 DESIGN DATA The following service loads are expected to act on the structure during its intended life and they are considered as follows with reference to relevant codes. A. Dead Loads: Roof loads (As per relevant Codes of practice) Floor finishes Partitions if any Self weight of RCC Brick Masonry and plastering External finishes Equipment loads consultants. : : 1.5 kN/m2 : 1.0 kN/m2 : 25 kN/m3 : 20 kN/m3 : As per actuals As Furnished by respective service

B. Imposed loads: Floor Loads (as per Centrotherm Specifications) Production area Technical Rooms Ceiling System Ceiling Support System : : 15 kN/m2 15 kN/m2 : 0.25 kN/m2 +0.90 kN (point load) : 0.25 kN/m2 +0.90 kN (point load)

Floor loads (As per relevant Codes of practice) Offices Corridors Staircases AHU areas Metal Roof : : : 2.5 kN/m2 4.0 kN/m2 4.0 kN/m2 : 7.50 kN/m2 : 0.75 kN/m2

Proposal Number 1103133; Date: 11 Nov 2010

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C. Wind load: (As per relevant Codes of practice) Basic Wind speed Risk Coefficient Vb=44 m/s from Appendix-A of Code k1=1.0 from Table-1 of Code

Terrain/Height Coefficient k2=Varies as per Height (Table-2 of Code) Topography factor k3=1.0 from Clause 5.3.3 of Code

The external and internal pressure co-efficient shall be as per respective clauses of the above code. Refer the following map for basic wind speeds of the adjoining locations.

Proposal Number 1103133; Date: 11 Nov 2010

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Proposal Number 1103133; Date: 11 Nov 2010

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Proposal Number 1103133; Date: 11 Nov 2010

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INDIA MAP SHOWING BASIC WIND SPEED ZONES

Proposal Number 1103133; Date: 11 Nov 2010

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D. Seismic Load: (As per relevant Codes of practice)

Zone Zone factor (Z) Importance factor (I) Response reduction Factor (RF) Average response acceleration coefficient (sa/g) Damping Detailing as per IS:456 & SP34

: II from ANNEXE-E of Code : 0.10 : 1.0 Table 6 of Code : 4.0 Table 7 of Code (concentric bracings) : As per soil conditions. : 5% : OMRF (Ordinary Moment Resisting Frame)

Refer the following map for different seismic zones of India.

Proposal Number 1103133; Date: 11 Nov 2010

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E. Temperature: Temperature loads are generally considered to account for expansion and contraction of structural members. Alternatively, expansion joints to be provided at appropriate locations within 228m as per IS 800-1984. Since the proposed building length is less than 228m no expansion joints are needed. F. Application of the loads on the model The dead loads of all reinforced concrete members will be given as self weights of the members, all the floor/roof loads expressed as load per square area will be applied as distributed floor loads onto the supporting beams as per IS 456: 2000, all
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wall loads will be applied as uniformly distributed load per unit length onto the supporting beams. Wind Loads are applied as member loads and Seismic are applied as nodal loads which are generated from the inbuilt program of STAD Pro (8i).

5.1.6 5.1.6.1

MATERIAL DATA Concrete Grad of Concrete (for all RCC elements) Static Modulus of Elasticity Poissons ratio =M25 (i.e fck=25 N/sqmm) Ec =5000fck =0.17

5.1.6.2

Reinforcement steel Specification Yield Strength Modulus of Elasticity Poissons ratio = All reinforcement shall confirm to IS 1786 1985. fy =500 N/mm2. Es=2x105 N/mm2. =0.3

5.1.6.3

Structural steel Yield Strength Modulus of Elasticity Poissons ratio fy =240 N/mm2 / 345 N/mm2 Es=2x105 N/mm2. =0.3

5.1.6.4

STRUCTURAL MODELING, ANALYSIS & DESIGN The superstructure will be modeled using standards software STAAD-Pro (8i) as a space frame with a grid of columns in the vertical direction, interconnected with beams in the orthogonal directions at each floor level. The nodes (the meeting points of beams and columns) will be treated as rigid joints due to monolithic construction. All supporting nodes at foundation/pedestal level will modeled as fixed/pinned supports based on limiting sway conditons. The pedestals will also be interconnected at the plinth level by plinth beams to increase the stability of the structure wherever necessary.

Proposal Number 1103133; Date: 11 Nov 2010

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The 3D space frame analysis will be carried out using the modeling software, which utilize finite element technique to carry out the analysis. The in-built solver processes the number and element properties, load combinations and support conditions to arrive at the stiffness and load matrices. The solver further uses the matrix method to determine the nodal displacements, member forces/stresses, element forces/stresses and support reactions, which will be further utilized in the design of the structural members. The member forces and support reactions as arrived through the analysis are utilized in the design of structural members as per IS:456-2000 and IS:800-1984 using standard design software and manual calculations in MS-Excel. As per this method, the structure shall be designed for all possible limit states of collapse and serviceability.

5.1.6.5

DESIGN STANDARDS The design of the above structure is in accordance with the following latest design codes. IS : 875 Part 1 IS : 875 Part 2 IS : 875 Part 3 structures iS : 875 Part5 IS : 1893 2002 IS : 456 2000 IS : 800 1984 IS : 1080 -1985 IS : 1904-1986 SP: 16 SP: 34 Code of Practice for design loads for buildings and structures (Dead Loads). Code of Practice for design loads for buildings and structures (Imposed loads). Code of Practice for design loads for buildings and (Wind Loads). Code of Practice for design loads for buildings and structures (Special loads & combinations). Criteria for Earthquake Resistant Design of Structures Part-1 Plain and Reinforced Concrete Code of Practice. Code of practice for General Construction in Steel. Code of practice for Design and construction of shallow foundations. Code of practice for structural safety of building foundations. Design aid for reinforced concrete to IS 456. Hand Book on Concrete, reinforcement and Detailing.

Proposal Number 1103133; Date: 11 Nov 2010

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