Contents

1.0 Introduction 2.0 Standards 3.0 Lighting requirement 3.1 Criteria 3.2 Safety signs 3.3 Positioning of luminaires 3.4 Requirements of escape lighting 3.5 Standby lighting 4.0 Design Objectives 4.1 Philosophy 4.2 Emergency lighting equipment 4.3 Scheme planning 5.0 Installation, testing and maintenance 5.1 Installation 5.2 Maintenance and inspection 5.3 Testing and commissioning 6.0 Documentation 7.0 Completion certificate

1.0 Introduction This specification gives recommendations and guidance on the factors that need to be considered in the design of, and the installation and wiring of, the electrical emergency lighting systems, specifies the illumination requirements of emergency lighting systems installed in premises or locations, details the provision of escape routes and safety signs in the event of failure of normal power supply, and specifies the minimum provision of such emergency lighting based on the size, type and usage of the premises in all work places and premises open to the public. 2.0 Standards Standards govern both equipment design and performance and the design of emergency lighting systems BS EN 60598 is the standard covering all types of luminaires, Part 22 covers emergency lighting luminaires. BS 5499, covers the colours, design and layout of emergency signs and is based on the international standard ISO 3864 and 6309. BS 5266 covers design of emergency lighting systems as well as some specific equipment. It consists of the following parts: BS 5266-1- Code of practise for the emergency lighting of premises other than cinemas and certain other specified premises used for entertainment; BS 5266-2- Code of practise for electrical low mounted way guidance systems for emergency use; BS 5266-3- Specification for small power relays (electromagnetic) for emergency lighting applications up to and including 32A; BS 5266-4- Code of practise for design, installation, maintenance and use of optical fibre systems; BS 5266-5- Specification for component parts of optical fibre systems; BS 5266-6- Code of practise for photluminescent low mounted way guidance systems; BS 5266-7- The UK implementation of the European application document EN 1938. Various standards covering design of lighting schemes all make reference to emergency lighting, including BS EN 12464- Lighting of workplaces; BS EN 12193- Sports lighting and BS EN 50172- Emergency escape lighting systems. 3.0 Lighting Requirements 3.1 Criteria

Escape lighting should provide adequate visual conditions and directions for safe passage on escape routes and allow occupants to reach escape routed from open areas. It should allow fire alarm call points, fir lighting equipment and safety equipment to be identified. It should allow hazards (stairs, intersections, slopes) and hazardous processes to be identified and made safe during evacuation. 3.1.1 Illumination

In all escape areas and spaces, the emergency lighting system is designed such that it provides and fills the occupied volume of the space used for evacuation. He design shall be based on the minimum light-output condition of the luminaire and will be based on direct light only. The contributions by room surface inter-reflections shall be ignored. However, for lighting systems using indirect luminaires or uprights, where the luminaire works in conjunction with a surface, the first reflection shall be taken to be direct light and subsequent reflections shall be ignored. 3.1.2 Glare

High contrast between a luminaire and its background which produces glares may prevent obstructions from being seen. The glare shall be minimised by restricting the luminous intensity of all luminaires in the field of view. The sensitive field of view shall be taken to be in the zone of 60 to 90 degrees for level routes/area and the whole of the lower hemisphere for non-level routes/areas. The maximum permissible luminous intensity of an individual luminaire in the glare zone, related to mounted height and the limits shall be shown below in the table:

Mounting Height above floor level h (m) h<2.5 2.5h3.0 3.0h3.5 3.5h4.0 4.0h4.5 h=4.5

Escape route and open area maximum luminous intensity Imax (cd) 500 900 1600 2500 3500 5000

High risk task area lighting maximum luminous intensity Imax (cd) 1000 1800 3200 5000 7000 10000

The limits shall be calculated for the maximum emergency lighting lumen output. 3.2 Safety Signs All the exits, available for use in an emergency, shall be clearly sign posted and are visible at all material times. The sign should be illuminated by normal and emergency lighting systems. If exits are not directly visible, route indicator signs with an appropriate directional arrow should

be used. The style and details of the safety signs shall be as per BS 5499. ISO 3864 gives the internationally agreed formats of exit signs and safe condition signs. 3.2.1 Summary of requirements of safety signs : Pictograms as per section B5 of BS 5499-1 and BS 5499-4 Pictograms as per section B4 of BS 5499-1 Conforms to ISO 3464-1 chromaticity co-ordinates Safety colour 2 cd/m2 minimum Luminance of a colour<10 (max/min) Luminance of white to colour>5 but < 15 (Lmin/Lcolour) 100 x height of externally illuminated sign 200 x height of internally illuminated sign Mounting height Response time : : Minimum 2m above the floor 50% of design value in 5 s, 100% of design value in 60 s. 1 hour

Exit Signs

Safe Condition Sings : Colour Luminaire Diversity Contrast Viewing distance : : : : :

Minimum duration :

3.3 Positioning of emergency luminaires The emergency escape luminaires maybe stand-alone bulk heat units or integrated recessed, surface, pendant luminaires or uplights,, but close attention should be paid to the positioning and mounting of these luminaires. Luminaires placed too low, especially along corridors, may be obscured by the movement of persons and be subject to damage. If placed too high, for example direct on a very high ceiling the luminaires may be obscured by layering of smoke in the event of fire. They should be place at least 2 m above floor level and as close to this height as possible. In schemes where provision is planned for smoke layering at ceiling level, consultation with the fire service is advisable and consideration should be given to mounting the luminaires below this zone by using, for example pendant luminaires. These luminaires, however, should be at least 2.2 m above the floor level. Alternatively, the use of low mounted way guidance systems shall be considered. These systems are a valuable supplement to escape luminaires and should be designed to conform to BS 5266-2 or BS 5266-6. Escape luminaires can, by themselves give the first indication of the escape route. Escape luminaires therefore be sited at, or near, positions where it is necessary to emphasise potential hazards on the route or the location of safety equipment. Near is taken to be within 2 m measured horizontally.

The illuminance on the escape route at these positions shall be at least 1 lux. If these positions are not on the escape route or in an escape area, they should be illuminated to at least 4 lux on the floor. Spotlight style luminaires are useful for projecting light across from a wall to light large open areas or to concentrate light onto a critical area. However, there is danger in using them where they are able to shine directly towards escaping route. The beams are bright and can dazzle or confuse in an emergency. They must not be used to light corridors or to be positioned near exit doors where their high brightness may obscure the exit sign. 3.4 Requirements for escape lighting 3.4.1 Siting of luminaires At points/places of emphasis, the luminaire shall be positioned within 2m measured horizontally: a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. i. j. k. l. m. n. o. p. q. At each exit door intended for used in emergency Near stairs so that each flight of stairs received light directly Near any change in level. At mandatory emergency exit and safety signs At each change of direction At each intersection of corridors Outside and near each final exit Near each first aid post Near each piece of fire fighting equipment Near each alarm and call point In lift cars In toilets, lobbies and closets over 8 m2. In toilets, lobbies and closets less than 8 m2 without borrowed light. In control and plant rooms In motor generator rooms use self-contained luminaires Each side of automatically closing doors Immediately outside the exit from the premises to the place of safety

3.4.2

Escape route Escape route shall be clearly defined, permanently unobstructed including moving walkways Route size Design Illuminance (Cl) 20 m long up to 2 m wide (each 2 m wide strip if route is wider) Minimum design value of 0.2 lx, but preferable 1 lx, on the floor along the centre line of the route.

Design illuminance (Cb)

Diversity Disability glare Response time Minimum duration Colour rendering 3.4.3 Escape Area

Minimum design value of 0.1 lx, but preferably 0.5 lx, on the floor of the centre band (Cb) of at least 50% of the route width illuminance on centre line < 40 (max/min) Intensity limits, level routes from 60: to 90: at non-level routes at all angles in the lower hemisphere design value within 5 s of supply failing (15 s if occupants familiar with place) 1 hour Lamp Ra40

In an open or re-configurable areas including covered car parks and stepped areas in stadium Area size Design Illuminance Diversity Disability glare Response time Minimum duration Colour rendering 3.4.4 High Risk Task Area An area where hazardous activity occurs that is to made safe or terminated or where people may pass by Area size Design Illuminance Uniformity Disability glare Response time Duration Colour rendering 3.5 Standby Lighting In areas or places where a continuous operation is required, during the failure of the supply to the normal lighting, then standby lighting shall be installed. This system should provide adequate illumination for the visual tasks as recommended in the SLL Code for Lighting. If standby lighting as defined by task size, location and plane Minimum 10% of maintained illuminance on the reference plane but at least 15 lx. >0.1 (minimum/average) Intensity limit in 60: to 90: band design value in 0.5 s period for which the risk exists to people Lamp Ra40 60 m2 Minimum design value 0.5 lx on empty floor excluding 0.5 m wide perimeter band < 40 (max/min) intensity limit 60: to 90: band 50% design value in 5 s and 100% design value in 60s. 1 hour Lamp Ra40.

is used for escape lighting, then the escape lighting part should be segregated from the rest of the system and should conform to the rules applied to emergency lighting systems 4.0 Design Objectives 4.1 Philosophy Emergency lighting shall be considered as an integral part of the building lighting. Unless this is done, there is as risk that the normal lighting and emergency lighting will clash in appearance to the detriment of the whole scheme. Emergency lighting shall be provided using either self-contained units or a centrally powered system either batteries or a motor-generator set. As self-contained units shall contains its own power source and can be a stand-alone luminaire or an emergency version of the normal lighting luminaires. Central systems shall provide to the emergency light source via separate, protected wiring to slave luminaires. For small building, self-contained units shall only be used. In large buildings, such as office blocks, factories, warehouses, nearly always central battery systems or a generator shall be for emergency lighting. 4.2 Emergency Lighting Equipment 4.2.1 Power Sources Self-Contained Luminaires Self-contained luminaires shall have a secondary sealed battery, a charger (control unit), circuitry (which monitors the main supply) and a lamp. In the mains-healthy condition, the battery shall be charged. In the event of a failure of the mains supply, the battery shall be connected to the lamp either directly or via an inverter module. The battery shall be sealed rechargeable nickel-cadmium, lead acid or nickel-metal hydride type. The selected batteries shall comply with IEC 60825, IEC 60896-2 or IEC 61056-1 and should provide four years service life. Care shall be taken in their disposal.

Central Battery Systems Central battery systems shall be remotely located power source connected by protected wiring to slave luminaires. The batteries shall be either vented or sealed lead acid or nickel cadmium alkaline cells. They shall have high storage capacity, long life and a wide operating voltage range. These batteries should conform to BS EN 50171. In addition to the battery, the system shall include sub-circuit monitoring of the supply to normal lighting and an automatic change over device to connect the slave luminaires to the power supply when the mains supply fails.

The three main types of systems are: AC/DC battery powered systems supply direct current from the battery to the emergency slave luminaires, normally at 24, 50 or 110 V. For a maintained system, this shall normally achieve by using floating batteries or by using a transformer to provide the appropriate output voltage in the supply healthy condition. Special or modified luminaires shall be used to be compatible with the range of output voltages and the effects of supply-cable voltage drop. AC/AC battery powered system shall supply the output from the battery by using an inverter to create 230/240 V AC. These systems shall be able to operate any suitable normal luminaires, which do not need to be modified, and so they can provide full light output in the emergency condition. The power unit has to be matched to the emergency load and be capable of supplying both the total wattage and VA rating of the load and also providing the full starting surge of the luminaires. Static inverters designed for the application should be compatible with the luminaire characteristics but caution should be exercised if a system using general purpose uninterruptable power supply unit is being designed conforms to BS EN 50171. Uninterruptible power supplies (UPS) are a form of AC inverter which continue to provide their output without a break during a supply failure enabling them to be used with discharge lamps that otherwise would have unacceptably long re-strike times. Because these inverters are normally used for computer back-up care must be taken to ensure they are correctly engineered for emergency lighting use. The UPS must comply with the requirements of BS EN 50091 as well as BS EN 50171. The charger must be capable of recharging the battery to 80% of capacity within 12 hours. The battery must be designed for 10 years design life (lower life batteries exhibit a sudden failure mode, which will not be picked up by the emergency lighting test procedures). The output must be capable in the emergency condition of clearing all distribution protection devices and fuses (normally a UPS unit drops to zero voltage when sensing a distribution short circuit). It is important to clear the protection device and re-supply those parts of the building that do not have a fault. The inverter must be capable of starting the load from the battery in an emergency. The system monitors, as defined in BS EN 50171, should be applied. Generators The main components of a generator system are a prime mover driving an alternator, fuel tanks, operating controls and starter batteries. The generator has to be able to start automatically and to provide the power for the load within 5 s (or in some cases within 15 s) as detailed in BS 5266-1. As with all central systems, the distribution wiring must be fire protected and also the last normal lighting circuits must be monitored and the emergency luminaires automatically activated if the load circuit fails. As compliance with the safety requirements for the whole generator system may be arduous, it may be preferable to provide one hour duration battery-powered luminaires in addition to the generator set.

Testing of generators should be in accordance with manufacturers instructions and BS 769812. 4.2.2 Circuits Cabling For self-contained systems, all wiring is internal to the luminaire. The luminaire should conform to BS EN 60598 and be CE-marked. For central power systems, the integrity of the system is the paramount design consideration as the failure of a single part could render the entire emergency lighting installation ineffective. Where possible, the power supply should incorporate some redundancy, for more than one battery room and multiple distribution circuits can be provided. To enhance integrity further, the distribution circuits should be divided and segregated such that the risk of a total loss of emergency lighting in any one area is minimised. Precautions should include the use of fire survival cables such as mineralinsulated copper conductor (MICC) cables, armoured power cable to BS 7846 or low-smoke and-fume (LSF) cables in protected routes. Examples of methods of protection include metal trunking and conduit. Cables run in ceiling voids that do not form part of a fire rated zone should not be run in open trays unless they are of the MICC type, armoured cable to BS 7846 or conform to cable performance standards BS 6387 or IEC 60364-5-52. Particular attention should be paid to the most vulnerable parts of the distribution system, for example where cabling enters and leaves enclosures and luminaires. Suitable glands should be provided which maintain the same level of integrity as the cables being used. Where slave luminaires are spurred off a main circuit, the final cabling should be to the same standard as the rest of the system. Cabling provided solely for emergency lighting purposes should be clearly identified as such and labelled accordingly. It is desirable to include some form of sensing to provide the integrity of the emergency lighting circuits. Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) It is also important that the overall design of a centrally supplied emergency lighting system is EMC compliant, as many of the components used in these systems, although individually suitable, may interact in such a way as to generate electrical interference. Verification should be sought from the equipment manufacturers and system integrators that EMC issues have been considered properly. This is particularly important when attempting to convert conventional luminaires to emergency lighting luminaires with an emergency pack. Protection Cabling, changeover relays and luminaires should be resistant to interference from transient over-voltages caused by supply voltages by supply surges and by switching (changeover). Protection should be provided which ensures safe operation of the emergency lighting under transient conditions, as well as protecting the equipment itself from damage.

Surge protection devices should be self-resetting and not render the emergency lighting inoperative. Interactions Where a building management system (BMS) is employed, it is essential that any failure of this does not adversely affect the emergency lighting, for example by incorrectly switched maintained luminaires. A BMS failure should not be seen by the emergency lighting system hold-off relays as a general lighting power supply failure. Lighting controls may be in use on circuits that include emergency lights. The permanent line feed to hold-off relays should be taken from a point that is independent of the controlsystem power supply. Where dimming system are linked to fire alarms, note that lighting provided by the dimming system under alarm conditions is additional to and separate from the emergency lighting. Special Circuits In addition to these general considerations, there are some special circuit requirements for maintenance works or testing and shall be in accordance with SLL Lighting Guide. 4.2.3 Luminaires The two types of emergency lighting luminaires are: self-contained and slave. These should both conform to BS EN 60598-2-22. Self-contained emergency luminaires shall contain a battery to provide power and may be of three types: maintained, non-maintained or combined. A maintained luminaire is one in which all the emergency lighting lamps are operating when the normal lighting is on and when there is a failure of the main electricity supply. A non-maintained luminaire is one in which all the emergency lighting lamps are in operation only when the electricity supply to the normal lighting fails. A combined (or sustained) luminaire is one containing at least two lamps, one of which is energised from the normal lighting supply and the other from the emergency lighting supply. Self-contained luminaires may be dedicated or may be converted from normal luminaires by adding an emergency conversion unit. If the work is not carried out by the original equipment manufacturer, the person who does it must have relevant training and experience. The product must be retested for compliance with CE mark requirements and conform to BS EN 60598-2-22. Slave Luminaires Slave luminaires are normal luminaires that have mains-voltage operating components or have components intended only for emergency use, and have a power feed from a central

emergency power source. Special care must be taken over the loop in and loop out of supply wiring using joint glands so that fire will not damage the feed cables in the luminaire. Alternatively, the luminaires may be fed by means of a spur off a protected ring. Slave luminaires may be designed to operate from either AC or DC power supplies. For an AC supply, the luminaire is normally AC, but may be DC with internal rectifiers. Supply voltages in emergency mode may not be the same as that in mains modeif the luminaires are maintained, a changeover relays will be needed. For a DC supply, the luminaires may be DC or fitted with an inverter to operate on AC. Again, if they are maintained, a changeover relay will be required. In both cases, the designer must be clear as to the lumen output available from the luminaires in emergency mode. 4.2.4 Luminaire Classification The below table shows the emergency lighting luminaire classification system. The resulting code identifies the type of system, mode of operation, facilities and for self-contained luminaires, the rated duration. Type X=Self-contained Z=Central System Mode of Operation 0=Non-maintained 1=Maintained 3=Combined maintained 4= compound nonmaintained 5=Compound Maintained 6= Slave Facilities A=includes test device B=Includes remote test module D=high risk task luminaire Duration of selfcontained luminaires 10=10 minutes 60=1 hour 180= 3 hours

4.2.5

Light Sources

To be suitable for use in emergency lighting luminaires, light sources shall have fast run-up and restrike times, and preferably a long life. The fluorescent lamp with hot cathodes, in either linear or compact form, shall be used for most emergency lighting applications because of high efficiency and long life are an ideal combination. Care must be taken when using amalgam versions of fluorescent lamps because these have slow run-up characteristics. Light emitting diodes shall be used, particularly for safety signs where long life is a priority and also they are very efficient at low temperatures.

The lamp survival factor (LSF) shall be considered during the design of emergency lighting. For accurate results, the lamp manufacturers data should be used for all actual designs of emergency lighting. The data are based on lamps running on conventional control gear and thus gives values of survival factor that may be expected for maintained emergency lighting installations. 4.2.6 Others Where flammable or explosive atmosphere is present, radioactive tritium signs shall be used. A risk assessment should be undertaken to ensure that their output is adequate at the location where they are intended to be used. Special care must be taken during disposal of these devices as they are radioactive; there are legal obligations for safe handling and storage. Low-mounted way guidance systems may also be used in addition to the required emergency lighting. Such systems should conform to BS 5266-6. 4.3 Scheme Planning 4.3.1 Risk Assessment The first step in planning an emergency lighting installation is to carry out a fire risk assessment. In work places where five or more people are employed, such an assessment is a legal requirement. A fire risk assessment requires working through the following steps: Identify potential fire hazards in the workplace: source of ignition, fuels, work processes. Identify the location of people at significant risk in case of fire: who might be in danger (employees, visitors) and why? Evaluate the risks: are safety measures adequate or does more need to be done (fire detection, warning, means of fighting fire, means of escape, fire safety training of employees, maintenance and testing of fire precautions?) Carry out improvements Record findings and actions taken: prepare emergency plans, inform, instruct and train employees. Keep assessment under review: revise it when situation changes.

4.3.2

Recommended systems for specific places The below mentioned table is intended for guidance only. The recommendations assume that the risk assessment has been completed and that the space has no windows or has window but the space is in use after daylight hours, or the daylight does not penetrate into the space.

Application area Entrance lobby/reception Staircase

System NM/1 NM/1

Telecommunication/Control NM/3 rooms

Location of Luminaires Wall or ceiling mounted Wall or ceiling mounted at each landing Wall or ceiling

Notes Consider security Consider identification of exits Consider additional illuminance e.g 5 lx Consider additional illuminance, e.g. 5 lx Refer to BS 56551 Only required for toilets greater than 8 m2. Consider emergency lighting where an office gives access to other areas or where large areas of open plan are proposed In some cases, exit signs may be adequate.

Plant room/boiler room/lift motor room

NM/3

Lift Toilet

NM/1 NM/1

Wall or ceiling to illuminate panels, plant switchgear etc Wall or ceiling Wall or ceiling

Offices (cellular)

Not required

Exit Signs on wall or ceiling

Office (open plan) Covered car parks

NM/1 NM/1

Computer rooms

NM/1

Ceiling Ceiling. Shatterproof luminaires should be considered. Special care required in identifying means of escape with directional and exit signs Ceiling or wall to illuminate working areas and walkways

Industrial factories

NM/1

Ceiling or wall and exit signs

Where standby or no-break supply is available emergency lighting may be connected to this supply. Consider additional

luminaires to highlight specific hazards.

5.0 Installation, testing and maintenance The success of an emergency lighting system also depends on satisfactory installation and maintenance of the equipment throughout its service life. 5.1 Installation The emergency lighting system should be installed as per the design documents and in accordance with the equipment manufacturers instructions. 5.2 Maintenance and inspection Maintenance and inspection of the installation should be done regularly. The Contractor should provide a maintenance schedule that should list and give details of replacement components such as lamp type, battery, fuses, cleaning and topping up fluids. Caution should be exercised while carrying out maintenance as un-energised circuits may suddenly become energised automatically. Prime movers and generators will almost always be started without warning in an emergency or automatic test since a sensor remote from the plant enclosure initiates the sequence of operations. Batteries should be maintained in accordance with manufacturers recommendations. Sealed batteries used in self-contained luminaires require no maintenance. Self-contained nickelcadmium (Ni-cd) batteries have an operational life of four years. After this period the batteries must be replaced with a type specified by the manufacturer. Sealed batteries, used in central systems, will require checking, clean and greasing the terminals at regular intervals. Luminaire and safety signs should be cleaned at regular intervals that may coincide with the time of inspection. Any defects noted should be recorded in a logbook and rectified as soon as possible. The cleaning interval is dependent on the environment around the installation. Serviceable components should be replaced at the end of the recommended component device life by an approved part. Inspection and testing of various aspects of emergency lighting should be carried out daily, monthly and yearly. The charging supply to central battery systems should be checked daily as should progress on rectifying any faults in the log book.

A short-duration test should be performed monthly, by simulating a failure of the normal lighting power supply, to verify that all emergency luminaires are operating. This applies for both self-contained and central systems. The duration of the function test should be as brief as possible, so as not to discharge batteries unduly or damage the lamps. Generators should be checked for automatic starting and to ensure that they energise the emergency lighting system correctly. A full duration test of all systems should be performed yearly, to verify that the emergency lighting provided its design output for the full design duration. The duration test should be arranged to occur when the time needed for recharge batteries has the least impact on the occupation of the building. Records should be kept of all the tests made and of the results obtained. Where self-testing or remote testing features are being used, those responsible for emergency lighting systems should verify that the tests have been conducted on schedule and have given satisfactory results. Details of routine testing shall be as per BS EN 50172. 5.3 Testing and Commissioning A full electrical test in accordance with BS 7671 is required when commissioning an emergency installation. For self-contained systems, an electrical test should be carried out to ascertain that all luminaires are working in the correct manner, i.e. maintained, non-maintained and, where appropriate, combined. It should be verified that the battery-charging supply is present and indicated, and that luminaires operate in emergency mode on simulation of a general supply failure. After initial commissioning, and allowing for a full charge of all batteries, it is good practice to perform a duration test to confirm that the system will perform for the designed duration. It should be confirmed that all luminaires reset to normal or standby mode as appropriate after the restoration of the normal supply. Where additional controls such as switched- maintained, inhibiting or rest mode are fitted, it shall be verified that these operate in correct manner. For central battery or generator systems, the system should be tested in normal and emergency modes to determine the correct changeover of luminaires and full functionality in emergency mode. With central systems, it is essential that a duration test is carried out. It should be confirmed that all luminaires and off-line battery units reset to normal or standby mode, appropriate, after the restoration of the normal supply. Where self-testing and remote testing systems are included, the system should be set up and tested for functioning in accordance with the suppliers instructions. A copy of these instructions shall be placed with the logbook. Photometric Testing

Photometric measurements to confirm that the system meets the lighting requirements are also desirable. When photometric measurements are being made, it is necessary to ensure that the correct power supply voltages are present. The testing requires good instrumentation and well laid out plans for the measurement conditions. An illuminance meter with illuminated dial or digital-display type meter should be used so that reading may be visible at low illuminances. The light meter should have an operating range of 0.001 to 0.01 lx with a sensitivity of 0.001 for escape routes and areas, and a range of 10.0 to 1000 lx with a sensitivity of 1.0 lx for high risk areas. The accuracy of the instrument should conform to BS 667 Type F. the photocell should preferably be on a remote lead to avoid shadowing. The illuminance measurements shall be made on a horizontal plane on the escape route area or task area. In most cases, it is advisable to select a number of specific areas or points for test that represent the worst conditions. The results of these illuminance measurements can be checked against design data. Measurements should be taken during the hours of darkness. If there is steady extraneous light from street lighting or moon light the contribution of the emergency lighting can be estimated by taking the difference between measurements of the same point, with and without emergency lighting. The illuminances provided by the emergency lighting systems will vary with time, so the tests should be completed as quickly as possible within the rated duration. This will minimise the charge losses from the batteries. It is valuable to have data that relate the lumen output of the luminaire at any time of the lamp/batter life cycle. 6.0 Documentation The documentation shall include the completion certificate, an initial inspection certificate on the model in BS 5266-1, a maintenance schedule and a logbook.

7.0 Completion Certificate On completion of installation and commissioning of the emergency lighting system, a completion certificate shall be prepared and supplied by the Contractor as part of the handover.