Língua Estrangeira: Inglês

Why do I get acne?

If you’re a teen, chances are pretty good that you have some acne. Almost 8
in 10 teens have acne, along with many adults.
Acne is so common that it’s considered a normal part of puberty. But
knowing that doesn’t always make it easier when you’re looking at a big
pimple on your face in the mirror. So what is acne, and what can you do
about it?
What Is Acne and What Causes It? Acne is a condition of the skin that
shows up as different types of bumps. These bumps can be blackheads,
whiteheads, pimples, or cysts. Teens get acne because of the hormonal
changes that come with puberty. If your parents had acne as teens, it’s more
likely that you will, too. The good news is that, for most people, acne goes
away almost completely by the time they are out of their teens.
The type of acne that a lot of teens get is called acne vulgaris (the meaning
of “vulgaris” isn’t as bad as it sounds — it
means “of the common type”). It usually shows up on the face, neck,
shoulders, upper back, and chest.
The hair follicles, or pores, in your skin contain sebaceous glands (also
called oil glands). These glands make sebum, which is an oil that lubricates
your hair and skin. Most of the time, the sebaceous glands make the right
amount of sebum. As a teen’s body begins to mature and develop, though,
hormones stimulate the sebaceous glands to make more sebum, and
the glands may become overactive. Pores become clogged if there is too
much sebum and too many dead skin cells.
Bacteria (especially one called Propionibacterium acnes) can then get
trapped inside the pores and multiply, causing swelling
and redness — the start of acne.
If a pore gets clogged up and closes but bulges out from the skin, you’re
left with a whitehead. If a pore gets clogged up but stays open, the top
surface can darken and you’re left with a blackhead. Sometimes the wall
of the pore opens, allowing sebum, bacteria, and dead skin cells to make
their way under the skin — and you’re left with a small, red bump called a
pimple (sometimes pimples have a pus-filled top from the body’s reaction
to the bacterial infection). Clogged pores that open up very deep in the skin
can cause nodules, which are infected lumps or cysts that are bigger than
pimples and can be painful.
There are a few myths out there about things that cause acne. Acne isn’t
caused by eating greasy foods like french fries or pizza, chomping on
chocolate, or drinking sodas. Some people do find that they notice their
breakouts get more severe when they eat too much of a certain food,
though. If you’re one of them, it’s worth trying to cut back on that food to
see what happens.
Stress doesn’t usually cause acne either (although it can make existing acne
worse because stress increases sebum production).
There are also myths about what helps make acne better. Acne isn’t really
helped by the sun. Although a tan can temporarily make acne look less
severe, it won’t help it go away permanently — and some people find that
the oils their skin produces after being in the sun make their pimples worse.
Adapted from: Why do I get acne?
http://www.kidshealth.org/teen/your_body/skin_stuff/acne.html
Consultado em 21/08/2006 às 10h52m

PAIES/UFU - 2ª Etapa Subprograma 2005-2008 - PROVA TIPO 1

QUESTÃO 21
De acordo com o texto, marque para as alternativas abaixo (V) verdadeira,
(F) falsa, ou (SO) sem opção.
1 ( ) Teens get acne because they eat greasy food.
2 ( ) Stress increases output of sebum.
3 ( ) Eating excess of certain foods can make acne worse.
4 ( ) French fries are a favorite food of teens although it causes acne.

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PAIES/UFU - 2ª Etapa Subprograma 2005-2008 - PROVA TIPO 1
QUESTÃO 22
De acordo com o texto, marque para as alternativas abaixo (V) verdadeira,
(F) falsa ou (SO) sem opção.
1 ( ) Mudanças hormonais afetam as glândulas sebáceas, provocando o
aparecimento do acne.
2 ( ) Em geral, oito por cento dos adolescentes desenvolvem acne vulgaris.
3 ( ) Acne vulgaris costuma aparecer na face, nos ombros e nas costas,
entre outras partes do corpo.
4 ( ) Em geral, os pais de adolescentes com acne também sofreram com
esse problema.

QUESTÃO 23
De acordo com o texto, marque para as alternativas abaixo (V) verdadeira,
(F) falsa, ou (SO) sem opção.
1 ( ) Lavar o rosto duas vezes ao dia previne o aparecimento do acne.
2 ( ) Comer chocolate não aumenta o aparecimento do acne.
3 ( ) Bronzear-se potencializa o efeito contínuo do aparecimento do acne.
4 ( ) Intensificar a produção da propionibacterium acnes inibe o
aparecimento do acne.
QUESTÃO 24
De acordo com o texto, marque para as alternativas abaixo (V) verdadeira,
(F) falsa ou (SO) sem opção.
1 ( ) Pores that open superficially on the skin are nodules.
2 ( ) Pores that are congested but stay open at the surface and get dark are
blackheads.
3 ( ) When the wall of pores open permitting sebum, bacteria and dead skin
cells under the skin you get a pimple.
4 ( ) When pores are unblocked you are left with a whitehead.
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