FORCES AND PRESSURE What is the relationship between pressure and area if the force applied is kept constant?

A B C Pressure directly propotional to area Pressure directly propotional to 1 / area P inversely propotional to 1 / A

Diagram 6 shows a storage oil tank.

Diagram 6 Which is the correct comparison of pressure and depth at X and Y? X Y A Low depth, low pressure. High depth, high pressure. B Low depth, high pressure. High depth, low pressure. C High depth, low pressure. Low depth, high pressure. D High depth, high pressure. Low depth, low pressure. Diagram 7 shows a manometer used to measure pressure in gas cylinder. Which of the following statement is correct about the pressure in the cylinder?

A B C

Diagram 7 Pressure inside the gas cylinder is lower than the atmospheric pressure. Pressure inside the gas cylinder is equal than the atmospheric pressure. Pressure inside the gas cylinder is higher than the atmospheric pressure.

Diagram 8 shows the actual weight of a stone is 3 N. The apparent weight of the object when it is immersed in water is 1.7 N.

Diagram 8
What is the density of the object? A 20 g cm-3 B C D 35 g cm-3 1.3 g cm-3 1.7 g cm-3

Diagram 9 shows an insecticide sprayer.

Diagram 9 Which of the region experiences low pressure, when the piston is pushed into the cylinder? A B X Y Z

11. Diagram 8 shows two identical bricks X and Y placed in two different ways on a ground were pressed by an identical force, F.

sandy

Diagram 8 What is the factor that causes brick Y to sink more into the sand? A Force, F B Weight of the block C Pressure, P D Density of the block 12. Diagram 9 shows a hydraulic system which is in equilibrium. When the piston A is in, the piston B will be lifted up

pushed

Diagram 9 Which of the following statements is true? A The pressure on the piston A is smaller than the pressure on the piston B. B The pressure on the piston A is bigger than the pressure on the piston B. C The pressure on the piston A is equal to the pressure on the piston B. Diagram 10 shows the arrangement of an apparatus for an experiment.

13.

liquid cecair

Diagram 10 Which of the following conclusions is correct ? Rajah 10 A Liquid pressure acts perpendicularly to its surface. B Liquid pressure increases with depth. C Liquid pressure does not depend on the shape of the container. D Liquid pressure is caused by its weight acting on a surface. 14. Diagram 11 shows a simple mercury barometer. Which of the height A, B, C or D the measurement of the atmospheric pressure? shows

B A C D

mercury merkuri Diagram 11 Rajah 11 15. Diagram 12 shows a suction pump is pressed on a smooth surface. P and Q are the pressure acted towards the outer surface and the inner surface of the suction pump respectively. smooth surface suction pump P Q Diagram 12 The pump is stuck to the smooth surface due to 12 Rajah A P < Q B P > Q C P = Q D Q = 0 Diagram 13 shows a baseball which is thrown forward with a spinning, is moving in deviated path

16.

a curve.

fast airflow

slow airflow

Diagram 13 Rajah 13 This situation can be explained by using A Archimedes principle B Bernoullis principle

17.

C Pascals principle Which of the following pressure,P in liquid against depth,h, graphs is correct? A P

0 B P

P 0

18. Diagram 14 shows a spring balance supporting a metal block is immersed slowly into a 0 with water. The compression h balance shows the reading of beaker, A which filled the weight, W of a beaker, B filled with water.

Diagram 14 Which of the following W against x graphs is correct? A W

W 0

W 0

12

Diagram 6 shows four different postures of a person doing some exercises. Which posture exerts the maximum pressure on the floor?

13

Diagram 6 Diagram 7 shows three containers filled with water to the same level. The pressure caused by the water at points X, Y and Z are PX, PY and PZ respectively.

Diagram 7 Which comparison is correct? A PX = PY = PZ B PX < PY < PZ C PX > PY > PZ 14 Diagram 8 shows a mercury barometer. Which height shows the measurement of the atmospheric pressure?
Vacuum B

Diagram 8 15 Diagram 9 shows the random motion of the gas molecules inside a container.

Diagram 9 The pressure of the gas will not increase if A the number of molecules in the container is increased B the mass of the molecules is increased C the speed of the molecules is increased D the volume of the container is increased 16 Diagram 10 shows a hydraulic compressing machine.

Diagram 10 Which comparison is true about the forces F1 and F2? A F1 = F2 B F1 > F2 C F1 < F2 17 Diagram 11 shows an oil drum of volume V floating with under water.
3 of its volume submerged 4

Diagram 11 If the density of water is , the buoyant force acting on the oil drum is 1 A Vg 4 3 B Vg 4 C Vg D V

18

Which diagram shows the correct liquid level in the U-tube?

12

Which of the following is a benefit of high pressure? A A tractor has broad tyres. B A hard object can be cut using the sharp edge of a knife. C A military tanks having special wheels called caterpillar tracks. D An elephant has big feet that contact on the ground. Diagram 7 shows two identical containers containing liquid R and liquid S. The horizontal distance of the spurts for both liquids is the same.

13

Diagram 7 Which of the following is the correct comparison between the density of liquid R and liquid S? A Density of liquid R = density of liquid S B Density of liquid R > density of liquid S C Density of liquid R < density of liquid S 14 Diagram 8 shows an inverted glass that filled with water covered by a piece of light cardboard.

Diagram 8 The water in the glass does not flowing out. This phenomenon occurs due to A the surface area of the cardboard in contact with glass is big. B the weight of the cardboard is greater than the weight of the water. C the density of the water is higher than the density of the cardboard. D the resultant force F acting on the cardboard is greater the weight of the water.

15

Diagram 9 shows a manometer connected to a gas supply.

Diagram 9 The pressure given by the gas supply is 96 cm Hg. What is the value of h? [Atmospheric pressure = 76 cmHg] A 20 cm B 76 cm C 16 Diagram 10 shows a hydraulic system.

96 cm

176 cm

17

Diagram 10 Which of the following statements is true? A The physics concepts involved is Bernoullis Principle. B Piston Y has higher pressure than piston X. C The force exerted on piston X is equal to the force exerted on piston Y. D The force on piston Y is 200 N if the surface area of piston Y is two times bigger than surface area of piston X. Which of the following works using Archimedes Principle?

18

Diagram 11 shows the water flows through a Bernoullis tube from point P to R. In which vertical tube, A, B, C or D, the water level is the lowest?

Diagram 11 The following diagrams show four different nails hit by a hammer with the same amount of force.which nail causes the most pressure on the wood?

13

14

The following diagrams show four identical measuring cylinders. Four different liquids are poured into the four different cylinders. The diagrams also show the depths of the liquids and their densities. Which liquid causes the largest pressure on the base of its measuring cylinder?

15

Diagram 9a shows the weight of a load in air .Diagram 9b shows the same weight immersed in water.

What is the buoyant force when the load is fully immersed in water? A 2N C 8N B 6N D 10 N

16

The following diagrams show a simple mercury barometer. Which diagram shows the distance to be measured to find atmospheric pressure?

12

Diagram 6 shows two identical bricks X and Y placed with two different ways on a sandy ground.

Diagram 6 What is the factor that causes brick Y to sink more into the sand? A Weight B Pressure C Force D Density 13 Figure 7 shows a school bag.

Diagram 7 What is the function of X ? A B C D 14 To increase weight and to increase pressure To increase surface area and to decrease pressure To decrease weight and to decrease pressure To decrease surface area and to increase weight

Diagram 8.1 and diagram 8.2 show a fisherman when he is at sea and in the river.

Diagram 8.1

Diagram 8.2

Which of the following is TRUE? A The buoyant force acting on Diagram 8.1 is more than in Diagram 8.2. B C D The water level of boat Diagram 8.1 equal to that in Diagram 8.2 The physics principle that explains the above situation is Pascals Principle The volume of water displaced by the boat in Diagram 8.1 is less than in Diagram 8.2.

15

Diagram 9 shows a cylinder containing water.

Diagram 9 If the height of h is 0.8 m, Calculate the pressure at point P? [the density of the water = 1000 kg m-3] A 10 000 N m-2
B C D

12 000 N m-2 11 500 N m-2 12 500 N m-2

16

Diagram 10 shows a application of Pascals Principle.

Diagram 10 Which of the following equation shows the right relationship between F1, F2, A1 and A2?
A B C

F1(A1) = F2 (A2)

17

Diagram 11 shows a card and a glass of water.

Diagram 11 When the hand is released, water does not flow out from the glass. What is physic concept involved in the above situation? A Liquid pressure
B C D

Atmospheric pressure Gas pressure Boyle Laws

12

Gas pressure in a closed container is due to the gas molecules A moving randomly B moving with equal speed C colliding with one another D colliding with the walls of the container Diagram 8 shows liquid X and liquid Y in glass tubes.

13

Diagram 8 Which statement is correct? A PS = PT because S and T are at the same depth B PS = PT because S and T are at the same level C PS < PT because the density of X is less than the density of Y D PS > PT because S is nearer to the bottom of the tube

14

Diagram 9 shows a manometer used to measure the pressure of the gas in the container.

Diagram 9 Which statement is true about the pressure of the gas in the container if the atmospheric pressure is 76.0 cm Hg? A The gas pressure is zero B The gas pressure is equal to the atmospheric pressure C The gas pressure is 24.0 cm Hg more than atmospheric pressure D The gas pressure is 24.0 cm Hg less than atmospheric pressure 15 Diagram 10 shows a crane lifting a concrete beam.

Diagram 10 What principle is used to move the piston at the arm of the crane? A Pascal's principle B Archimedes' principle C Bernoulli's principle 17 Diagram 11 shows the cross-section of an iceberg floating on the surface of the sea.

Diagram 11 Which statement is correct? A Weight of iceberg = Weight of sea water displaced B Volume of iceberg = Volume of sea water displaced C Density of iceberg = Density of sea water displaced 18 Which diagram shows the correct water levels when water flows steadily through the glass tube?

11.

Which of the following factors is true about pressure in liquid ?

A. B. C. D. Pressure in liquid increases with depth. Pressure in liquid decreases with density of the liquid. Pressure in liquid depends on the shape of container. Pressure in liquid only acts on the bottom of the liquid.

12.

Which of the following instruments works based on Bernoullis principle?

A. B. C. D.
13.

Manometer Siphon Carburetor Hydrometer

Q P S Diagram 7 Diagram 7 shows an aerofoil. Rajah 7 Which part of the aerofoil below has the lowest pressure? A P B Q C R D S R

14.

Car brake system works based on

A. B. C. D.
15.

Bernoullis principle Pascals principle Archimedes principle Boyles law

Which of the following principles explains a floating object in a fluid?

A. B. C. D.
16.

Bernoullis principle Pascals principle Archimedes principle Boyles law

What is the pressure of water at a depth of 20m? [Density of water = 1000 kg m-3 ] A. B. C. D. 200 000 Pa 2000 Pa 500 Pa 5 Pa

17.

Diagram 8 shows a ball immersed in a basin of water.

Diagram 8 If the volume of the ball is 0.2 m3, what is the buoyant force acting on the ball? [Density of the water is 1000 kg m-3]

18.

A. 2N B. 20 N C. 200 N D. 2000 N Diagram 9.1 shows a mercury manometer in an open air. Diagram 9.2 shows reading of the mercury manometer when the manometer connected to a gas supply.

Diagram 9.1

Diagram 9.2

Calculate the pressure of the gas if the atmospheric pressure is 1.03x105 Pa. ( Density of mercury is 1.36 x 10 4 kg m -3 , and g =10 N kg -1 ) A. 1.03x105 Pa B. 1.11x105 Pa C. 7.13 x105 Pa D. 8.16 x105 Pa 19. The pressure produced by a gas in a container is due to A the elastic collisions between the gas particles. B the strong force of attraction between the gas particles. C the forces of attraction and repulsion between the gas particles as well as the walls of the container. D the impulsive force produced during the collisions between the gas particles and the walls of the container.

15

Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2 shows a mercury barometer and mercury manometer respectively. The manometer is connected to a gas supply.

DIAGRAM 9.1

DIAGRAM 9.2

What is the pressure of the gas from the gas supply? A 29 cm Hg B 46 cm Hg C 52 cm Hg D 75 cm Hg E 104 cm Hg 16 A mixture of gas and air is produced by a bunsen burner. This can be explained by A Archimedes principle B Bernoullis principle C Pascals principle D the principle of conservation of momentum

17

Diagram 10 shows a hydraulic device. The force, F, is able to support a load of weight, W.

DIAGRAM 10

What is the relationship between W, F, A and a? A WA = Fa B C D 18

W F A a W F a A
W +A=F+a

Diagram 11.1 and Diagram 11.2 shows an object being weighed in air and in water respectively.

DIAGRAM 11.1

DIAGRAM 11.2

9.

What is the buoyant force on the object? A 1.2 N B 3.6 N C 4.8 N D 6.0 N E 7.2 N Diagram 3 shows a manometer is connected to a gas tank.

DIAGRAM 3 Based on the levels of the mercury, which of the following statement is true ? A. Pressure in the gas tank = atmospheric pressure. B. Pressure in the gas tank > atmospheric pressure. C. Pressure in the gas tank < atmospheric pressure.

11.

Diagram 5 shows the water flows through a Bernoullis tube from point R to S. In which vertical tube the water level is the lowest ?

DIAGRAM 5 12. Diagram 6 shows a ping pong ball does not drop when the water flows through the filter funnel.

DIAGRAM 6

Which of the following statement is true. A. There is no forces acting on the ping pong ball. B. The water flows arround the ping pong ball creates a region of high pressure. C. There is a net upward force holds up the ping pong ball.

13.

Which of the following appliances work based on Bernoullis Principle ? A Bunsen burner, syringe and car carburator. B. Bunsen burner, filter pump and car carburator. C. Wing of aeroplane, syringe and filter pump. D. Wing of aeroplane, filter pump and syringe. The diagram shows a simple mercury barometer.

12

Which of the following does not cause the height of the mercury column to vary? A. Changes in atmospheric pressure. B Changes in the temperature of mercury. D Changes in the value of gravitational acceleration, g. D Evaporation of mercury from the barometer reservoir. 13 The diagram below shows a siphon in operation

A B C D

Which of the following statement is true? Water flows from the conical flask until the flask is empty. Water flows from the beaker to the conical flasks until the flask is full. Water flows from the beaker to the conical flask until the water levels in both containers are equal. Water flows from the beaker to the conical flask until the volume of water in both containers are equal. The areas of the pistons P and Q in the diagram below are A1= 0.060 m2 and A2 = 0.03m2.

14

F2 F1 (downwards) (upwards)

Piston Area, A1

Surface levels are equal P Q

Piston Area, A2

Incompressible liquid

If you press down piston P with a force of 5.0 N, how much upward force will result at piston Q? A B C D 30.0 N 10.0 N 3.0 N 2.5 N

14

Luas P dan Q dalam rajah di bawah adalah A1= 0.060 m2 and A2 = 0.03m2 masing-masing. Daya F2 (ke atas)

Daya F1 (ke bawah) Luas Omboh P, A1

Aras permukaan sama

Luas Omboh Q, A2

Cecair tidak termampat

Jika piston P ditekan dengan daya 5.0 N, berapakah daya ke atas yang terhasil pada piston Q? A B C D 30.0 N 10.0 N 3.0 N 2.5 N

15 The diagrams show the vertical cross-section of each sets of a vessels. They all contain water to the same level.

II

Which one of the following statements about them is correct? A They each have the same pressure on the base. B Vessels (II) have the greatest pressure on the base. C Vessel (III) has the least pressure on its base. D Vessel (I) has the greatest pressure at its base. IV

III

15 Rajah menunjukkan keratan rentas satu set bekas. Semua bekas tersebut mengandungi air pada aras yang sama.

II

Manakah pernyataan yang betul? A Setiap bekas mengenakan tekanan yang sama pada dasar bekas. B Bekas (II) mempunyai tekanan yang paling tinggi pada dasarnya. C Bekas (III) mempunyai tekanan yang paling rendah pada dasarnya. D Bekas (I) mempunyai tekanan yang paling tinggi pada dasarnya. IV

III

16

A container with dimension 3 m x 1 m x 0.5m is filled with oil which weighs 12000 N. 3.0 m 1.0 m 0.5 m

What is the minimum pressure exerted by the container due to the oil? A B C D 3 000 Pa 4 000 Pa 6 000 Pa 8 000 Pa

17 There are many uses of atmospheric pressure in everyday life. Which of the following operates on the effect of the atmospheric pressure? A B C D Lift pump Carburetors Bunsen burner Hydraulic brakes

16 Sebuah bekas dengan dimensi 3 m x 1 m x 0.5m diisi dengan minyak yang mempunyai berat 12000 N. 3.0 m 1.0 m 0.5 m

Berapakah tekanan minimum yang dikenakan oleh bekas dan minyak itu? A B C D 3 000 Pa 4 000 Pa 6 000 Pa 8 000 Pa

17 Terdapat banyak kegunaan tekanan atmosfera dalam kehidupan seharian. Antara yang berikut yang manakah beroperasi menggunakan prinsip tekanan atmosfera? A B C D Pam pengangkat Karburetor. Penunu Bunsen. Brek hidraulik

18 The diagram shows a block of wood with a mass of 300 g is partially immersed in a liquid.

Calculate the buoyant force acting on the block of wood? A 3.0 N B 2.5 N C 1.8 N D 1.5 N The diagram shows an aeroplane in flight. Rajah menunjukkan sebuah kapal terbang di udara.

19

For the aeroplane to climb into air and stay up during flight, Untuk kekal dalam penerbangan , A B C D Drag > Thrust Tujah ke belakang > tujah ke hadapan Thrust > Drag Tujah ke hadapan > tujah ke belakang Lift > Weight Daya angkat > Berat Weight > Lift Berat > Daya angkat

20 The diagram shows the Fantastic Submarine drifting along from a narrow region to a wider region because of Rajah menunjukkan Kapal selam Fantastic hanyut dari kawasan sempit ke yang kurang sempit kerana

A Equilibrium of forces Keseimbangan daya B Bernoullis principle Prinsip Bernoulli C Archimedes principle Prinsip Archimedes D conservation of momentum Prinsip keabadian momentum [ Lihat sebelah 21 Air is blown between two ping pong balls. Udara ditiup di antara dua bola ping pong.

air udara Which statement is correct? Pernyataan yang mana benar? A An area area of higher pressure is created between the ping pong balls Kawasan tekanan tinggi terhasil di antara bola bola itu B The ping pong balls will be be blown apart Bola bola itu akan terpisah jauh C The ping pong balls will move closer to each other Bola bola akan merapat 22 The diagrams show the relationship between Pressure and Volume of air. Rajah rajah menunjukkan perhubungan antara Tekanan dan Isipadu udara

Container www Bekas www

Container mmm Bekas mmm

Which statement is true ? Pernyataan yang mana benar ? A More collisions occur between the air molecules and the wall of the container mmm

Perlanggaran di antara zarah zarah udara dengan dinding bekas www lebih kerap B Less collisions occur between the air molecules and the wall of the container mmm Perlanggaran di antara zarah zarah udara dengan dinding bekas mmm berkurangan C The volume of air does not affect the pressure Tekanan tidak dipengaruhi oleh isipadu udara 23 The diagram shows a hyraulic pump. Rajah menunjukkan sebuah pam hidraulik.

Which comparison is true? Perbandingan yang manakah benar? A F1 = F2 B F1 > F 2 C Pressure on piston 1 Tekanan di omboh 1 D Pressure on piston 1 Tekanan di omboh 1 = = < < pressure on piston 2 tekanan di omboh 2 pressure on piston 2 tekanan di omboh 2

24 The diagram shows a water reservoir . Rajah menunjukkan sebuah empangan.

Hillslope Lereng bukit

water Air

wall of dam dinding empangan

The base of the wall is thicker because Bahagian bawah dinding lebih tebal kerana A B C D it will be more stable. dinding akan lebih stabil the density of water is high ketumpatan air tinggi Pressure of the water is highest at the surface Tekanan paling tinggi di bahagian permukaan air Pressure of the water is highest at the base

Tekanan paling tinggi di bahagian bawah

[ Lihat sebelah
12 Which of the following is an application of high pressure? Military tanks having special wheels called caterpillar tracks. A Hammering a nail with a sharp end into a wall. B A skier moves faster over snow on skis. C

A tractor has big and broad tyres.

13

The diagram shows water spurting out from a hole of a container at a distance of a.

When the level of the water decreases, what will happen to the distance, a ? Increases A Decreases B Remains constant C 14 The diagram shows a submarine which is partially submerged in water.

Gambar rajah menunjukkan sebuah kapal selam yang terendam sebahagiannya di dalam air.

Submarine

Which relationship between the physical quantities in the above situation is correct?

A B C

Weight of water displaced < weight of the submarine + weight of water in the ballast tank. Weight of water displaced = weight of the submarine + weight of water in the ballast tank. Weight of water displaced > Weight of the submarine + Weight of water in the ballast tank.

15

The diagram shows a stream of air flowing through a tube with a narrow neck.

aliran udara

jarak, x
Which of the following graphs describes the relationship between the air pressure, P and the distance, x? A B

12

Which of the following operates on the effects of atmospheric pressure? Yang manakah beroperasi berdasarkan kesan tekanan atmosfera? A B C Lift pump / Pam Angkat Hydraulic brakes / Brek hidraulik Aerofoil / aerofoil

13

What is the pressure acting on a diver when he is 10 m underwater ? [ Density of water = 103 kg m-3, gravitational field strength = 9.8 N kg-1, atmospheric pressure = 1 x 10 5 Pa ] Berapakah tekanan yang bertindak ke atas seorang penyelam yang berada 10 m di dalam air? A B C D E 10 5 Pa 2 x 10 5 Pa 3 x 10 5 Pa 4 x 10 5 Pa 5 x 10 5 Pa

14

The diagram shows the position of a hydrometer in four different liquids P, Q, R and S. Which liquid has the lowest density ? Gambar rajah menunjukkan kedudukan hidrometer di dalam empat jenis cecair yang berbeza P, Q, R dan S. Cecair manakah yang mempunyai ketumpatan paling rendah ?

The presence of air bubbles in the hydraulic brake system causes the system to function inefficiently. Which statement explains this observation ? CONFIDENTIAL Kehadiran gelembung-gelembung udara di dalam sistem brek hidraulik akan sistem cekap. Pernyataan manakah menerangkan pemerhatian ini ? 4531/1 menyebabkan 2007 Hak Cipta Jabatan tidak Pendidikan Terengganu A B C The air bubbles reduce the viscosity of the brake fluid Gelembung-gelembung udara mengurangkan kelikatan cecair brek The air bubbles escape when the brake pedal is pressed Gelembung-gelembung udara terbebas keluar apabila brek ditekan The air bubbles expand when the brake system becomes hot due to friction Gelembung-gelembung udara mengembang apabila sistem brek menjadi panas disebabkan oleh geseran The air bubbles are compressed when the brake is pressed. Gelembung-gelembung udara dimampatkan apabila brek ditekan

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