Practice: Simple Past or Past Continuous

Week 04/1 -- Fri 23-08-2013

1. A: What (you, do) ____________________ when the accident occurred? B: I (try) __________ to change a light bulb that had burnt out. 2. After I (find) __________ the wallet full of money, I (go, immediately) ____________________ to the police and (turn) __________ it in. 3. The doctor (say) __________ that Tom (be) __________ too sick to go to work and that he (need) __________ to stay at home for a couple of days. 4. Sebastian (arrive) __________ at Susan's house a little before 9:00 PM, but she (be, not) __________ there. She (study, at the library) ______________________________ for her final examination in French. 5. Sandy is in the living room watching television. At this time yesterday, she (watch, also) ____________________ television. That's all she ever does! 6. A: I (call) __________ you last night after dinner, but you (be, not) __________ there. Where were you? B: I (work) __________ out at the fitness center. 7. When I (walk) __________ into the busy office, the secretary (talk) __________ on the phone with a customer, several clerks (work, busily) ____________________ at their desks, and two managers (discuss, quietly) ____________________ methods to improve customer service. 8. I (watch) __________ a mystery movie on TV when the electricity went out. Now I am never going to find out how the movie ends. 9. Sharon (be) __________ in the room when John told me what happened, but she didn't hear anything because she (listen, not) ____________________. 10. It's strange that you (call) __________ because I (think, just) ____________________ about you. 11. The Titanic (cross) __________ the Atlantic when it (strike) __________ an iceberg. 12. When I entered the bazaar, a couple of merchants (bargain, busily) ____________________ and (try) __________ to sell their goods to naive tourists who (hunt) __________ for souvenirs. Some young boys (lead) __________ their donkeys through the narrow streets on their way home. A couple of men (argue) __________ over the price of a leather belt. I (walk) __________ over to a man who (sell) __________ fruit and (buy) __________ a banana. 13. The firemen (rescue) __________ the old woman who (be) __________ trapped on the third floor of the burning building.

VOCABULARY REVISION (2) : THE ENVIRONMENT

Exercise 1: Make a sentence using given word. The sentence should be relevant to The environment topic 1. acid rain: ............................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ 2. biodegradable packaging: ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................................ 3. contaminated: ................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................ 4. greenhouse: ...................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................ 5. hazardous: ......................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................ Exercise 2: Replace the expressions in bold with a word or expression from the box which has the same meaning 1. Farmers have cleared hectares of thick wooded land in tropical regions where the precipitation is very high. ........................................................................................................................... 2. Planting trees provides some protection from the gradual wearing away of soil. ................................................................................................................................................................ 3. These potatoes are cultivated naturally, without using any chemical fertilizers and pesticides . ................................................................................................................................................................ Exercise 3: Complete these sentences. 1. ..................................................................................................keeping animals in captivity is cruel. 2. It is illegal to kill tigers........................................................................................................................ 3. If we don't do more to protect pandas, .............................................................................................

GRAMMAR POINT Present Perfect (Self-study)

Verb form HAS / HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE Ex: You have seen that movie many times. Have you seen that movie many times? You have not seen that movie many times. USE 1 Unspecified Time Before Now

We use the Present Perfect to say that an action happened at an unspecified time before now. The exact time is not important. You CANNOT use the Present Perfect with specific time expressions such as: yesterday, one year ago, last week, when I was a child, when I lived in Japan, at that moment, that day, one day, etc. We CAN use the Present Perfect with unspecific expressions such as: ever, never, once, many times, several times, before, so far, already, yet, etc. Ex: I have seen that movie twenty times. I think I have met him once before. Have you read the book yet? Nobody has ever climbed that mountain. How Do You Actually Use the Present Perfect? TOPIC 1 Experience You can use the Present Perfect to describe your experience. It is like saying, "I have the experience of..." You can also use this tense to say that you have never had a certain experience. The Present Perfect is NOT used to describe a specific event.

Ex: I have been to France. >>> This sentence means that you have had the experience of being in France. Maybe you have been there once, or several times. I have been to France three times. >>> You can add the number of times at the end of the sentence. I have never been to France. >>> This sentence means that you have not had the experience of going to France. TOPIC 2 Change Over Time We often use the Present Perfect to talk about change that has happened over a period of time. Ex: You have grown since the last time I saw you. The government has become more interested in arts education. TOPIC 3 Accomplishments We often use the Present Perfect to list the accomplishments of individuals and humanity. You cannot mention a specific time. Ex: Man has walked on the Moon. Doctors have cured many deadly diseases. TOPIC 4 An Uncompleted Action You Are Expecting We often use the Present Perfect to say that an action which we expected has not happened. Using the Present Perfect suggests that we are still waiting for the action to happen. Ex: James has not finished his homework yet. Susan hasn't mastered Japanese, but she can communicate. Bill has still not arrived. The rain hasn't stopped.

 TOPIC 5 Multiple Actions at Different Times We also use the Present Perfect to talk about several different actions which have occurred in the past at different times. Present Perfect suggests the process is not complete and more actions are possible. Ex: The army has attacked that city five times. I have had four quizzes and five tests so far this semester. We have had many major problems while working on this project. Time Expressions with Present Perfect When we use the Present Perfect it means that something has happened at some point in our lives before now. Remember, the exact time the action happened is not important. Sometimes, we want to limit the time we are looking in for an experience. We can do this with expressions such as: in the last week, in the last year, this week, this month, so far, up to now, etc. Ex: Have you been to Mexico in the last year? I have seen that movie six times in the last month. My car has broken down three times this week. NOTICE "Last year" and "in the last year" are very different in meaning. "Last year" means the year before now, and it is considered a specific time which requires Simple Past. "In the last year" means from 365 days ago until now. It is not considered a specific time, so it requires Present Perfect. USE 2 Duration From the Past Until Now (Non-Continuous Verbs)

With Non-Continuous Verbs and non-continuous uses of Mixed Verbs, we use the Present Perfect to show that something started in the past and has continued up until now. "For five minutes," "for two weeks," and "since Tuesday" are all durations which can be used with the Present Perfect. Ex: I have had a cold for two weeks. She has been in England for six months.

GRAMMAR POINT Present Perfect Continuous (Self-study)

Verb form HAS / HAVE + BEEN + PRESENT PARTICIPLE (V+ING) Ex: You have been waiting here for two hours. Have you been waiting here for two hours? You have not been waiting here for two hours. USE 1 Duration from the Past Until Now

We use the Present Perfect Continuous to show that something started in the past and has continued up until now. "For five minutes," "for two weeks," and "since Tuesday" are all durations which can be used with the Present Perfect Continuous. Ex: She has been working at that company for three years. What have you been doing for the last 30 minutes? We have been waiting here for over two hours! USE 2 Recently, Lately

You can also use the Present Perfect Continuous WITHOUT a duration such as "for two weeks." Without the duration, the tense has a more general meaning of "lately." We often use the words "lately" or "recently" to emphasize this meaning. Ex: Recently, I have been feeling really tired. Have you been exercising lately? Mary has been feeling a little depressed.

Practice 1: Present Perfect or Present Perfect Continuous Robin: I think the waiter (forget) ____________________ us. We (wait) ____________________ here for over half an hour and nobody (take) ____________________ our order yet. Michele: I think you're right. He (walk) ____________________ by us at least twenty times. He probably thinks we (order, already) ____________________. Robin: Look at that couple over there, they (be, only) ____________________ here for five or ten minutes and they already have their food. Michele: He must realize we (order, not) ____________________ ____________________ here for over half an hour staring at him. Robin: I don't know if he (notice, even) ____________________ ____________________ from table to table taking orders and serving food. yet! We (sit)

us.

He

(run)

Michele: That's true, and he (look, not) ____________________ in our direction once. Practice 2: Present Perfect or Present Perfect Continuous 1. Judy: How long (be) ____________________ in Canada? Claude: I (study) __________ here for more than three years. 2. I (have) __________ the same car for more than ten years. I'm thinking about buying a new one. 3. I (love) __________ chocolate since I was a child. You might even call me a "chocoholic." 4. Matt and Sarah (have) __________ some difficulties in their relationship lately, so they (go) __________ to a marriage counselor. I hope they work everything out. 5. John (work) __________ for the government since he graduated from Harvard University. Until recently, he (enjoy) __________ his work, but now he is talking about retiring. 6. Lately, I (think) __________ about changing my career because I (become) __________ dissatisfied with the conditions at my company. 7. I (see) __________ Judy for more than five years and during that time I (see) __________ many changes in her personality.

LISTENING
(Students Union survey.mp3) Choose the correct letter, A, B or C. 1. What is the Students' Union planning to produce? A. a report B. a leaflet C. a newsletter 2. What is the student's favorite food? A. Chinese food B. spaghetti C. burger and chips 3. What is his least favorite food? A. cauliflower B. salad C. fish 4. Which meals does he eat in a day? A. just breakfast B. just lunch C. just dinner 5. How many eggs does he eat a week? A. none B. one C. two 6. How often does he eat fresh fruit? A. never B. very rarely C. regularly 7. What's his opinion of organic food? A. He thinks it's a waste of money. B. He thinks it's poor quality. C. He would eat it if he could afford it. Complete the notes below. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer. Name (Optional): Course: Faculty: Year: Jamie 8.____________________ 9.____________________ 10.____________________ 11.____________________