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Dental Anthropology
Teeth as alternative source of information Durability Continuity to the past
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History
J. Robinson: South African Australopithecines Weidenreich: Chinese H. erectus Mooress: Aleuts A. Hrdlicka: shovel-shaped incisors Albert Dahlberg: Pima Indians Krogman: primate dentition
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Dental Studies
Biological relatedness Age, Sex Diet Health & Disease Demography Cultural behavior
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Forensic Odontology
Bitemarks Occlusal wear patterns Missing and filled teeth Dental records Etc.

Asymmetry in Crown Diameters

Directional asymmetry Fluctuating asymmetry

Tooth Measurements
Mesiodistal (length) diameter (MD) Buccolingual (breadth) diameter (BL) Crown height Cross-sectional (CX) area = MD x BL Tooth Summary (TS) = sum of MD x BL

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Supernumerary/Agenesis
Supernumerary (hyperdontia): extra teeth Hypodontia: absence of teeth (e.g., agenesis of the third molar)

Dental Non-Metric Variation: Sinodonty (Turner)

Sundadonty
4-cusped Lower Molar
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Carabellis Cusp

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Shovel-Shaped Incisors

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Uto-Aztecan Feature
Native Americans (Arizona)

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Protostylid of Lower Molars

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Taurodontism

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Peg-shaped Teeth

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Enamel Extensions/Pearls

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Molar Cusp Patterns

M1: Y-5 M2: +4 M3: X4

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Maxillary Molar Cusp Patterns

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Deflecting Wrinkle (Permanent M1) Mongoloid Dental Pattern

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Three-rooted Lower Molar-1

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Complex Morphology of Anterior Teeth

Moderate Shoveling: I1 & I2 Slight shoveling in C Tuberculum dentale in central and lateral I

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Bilateral Tooth Winging

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Dental Variation: Fused Incisor

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Maxillary Torus

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Dental Caries

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Periodontal Disease
Dental Calculus Alveolar Resorption Roller Rim

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Apical Abscess

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Hypercementosis

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Pre- and Post-mortem Tooth Loss

Antemortem tooth loss: AMTL

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Diet & Nutrition in Archaeology

Enamel Microdefects (Wilson Bands, Striae of Retzius) Macrodefects (e.g., enamel hypoplasia)

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Dental Enamel Hypoplasia

Foramen Cecum Hypoplasia (FCH) in molar teeth Linear Enamel Hypoplasia (LEH) in canine tooth

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Dental Fluorosis

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Cultural Modification of Teeth

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Cultural Modification
Interproximal grooves

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Task-Related Dental Wear

Working leather, softening boots, making grass baskets, bow drills, cordage etc. Occupational markers: dressmakers, shoemaker, carpenters, butchers, musicians, etc.
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Tooth Wear

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Edentulous

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Edge-to-Edge Bite

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Intentional Modification of Teeth

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Tooth Ablation

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Betel Staining

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