To: 4baS9639-c27b-4b42-ged8-cf4e3de FEa: zachcough11n 2-27-12 11:32am p.

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Zach Coughli n,Eq.
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NV Bar No: 9473
STEVE JJ|| : .
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RENO JUSTIG COVRT
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1422 E. 9 St #
Reno, N 89512
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4 Tele: 775-338-8118
Fax: 949-667-7402
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Attorey for Pro Se Atorey Litigant
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JUSTICE COURT RENO TOWNSHIP
WASHOE COUNTY. NEVADA
AR TERRACE TOWNHOMES ASSN
WESTERN NEVADA MANAGMENT,
C., Gayle Ages Ker, Esq. ad Gayle A.
em. Ld.; LANDLORD OR DULY
UTORIZED AGENT;
Landlord,
vs.
ACHARY BARKER COUGHLIN;
Tenat.
) CASE NO: ,Q/ ,6/O7y
)

) DEPT. NO. :
) (JUDGE SFERAZZA INDICATED tey
) WOUL NOT ACCEPT TlS CASE FOR
) HIS CALENDAR OR OTERWISE HEAR
) ANYTING IN RELATON TO IT
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) JRy TRIL DEMNDED
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) TENANT'S ANSWER A TENANTS
) AFFIDAVIT/DECLARATION TO 30 DAY
) NOTICE T QUIT; MOTION FOR
SANCTIONS AND ATOREY'S FEES
fOINTS AD A
Tenant/Defendat. Zach Couglin, Esq., hereby fles an Answer, or alteratively, an
Amended Tenat's Answer to te 30 day NOTICE TO QUIT AND ANY SUBSEQUENT 5 DAY
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NOTICE TO QUIT UNLAWFUL DETAIER NOTICE,
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Tenat frther moves for sactons against ladlor, puruant to NRS 7.085, for the atorey' fees
RE2012-DDD314
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tenat has needlessly
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\ liiliiiiillIllli
Tenan's Aswer ad A davitleclaration t 30 Day No Cause Evicton Tenant's Counterclai
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incurred due to 0arF 'errace and E' -1@s recFless uses o/ this court@s Erocesses. 0arF 'errace has not
comElied Dith the requirements o/ the rules o/ ci=il Erocedure the. seeFs to in=oFe. 7is
motion is /atall. /laDed and in/irm as a matter o/ laD.
'his oEEosition and motion is Cased on the Eoints and authorities CeloD, the
aCo=e(re/erenced statute and rules o/ ci=il Erocedure, and all EaEers and Eleadings on /ile
herein.
NRS 40.310 Issue of fact to be tried b !ur if "ro"er de#a$d #ade. %&e$e'er a$ issue of fact
is "rese$ted b t&e "(eadi$)s* it s&a(( be tried b a !ur* if "ro"er de#a$d is #ade "ursua$t to
t&e Ne'ada Ru(es of +i'i( ,rocedure or t&e Justice +ourt Ru(es of +i'i( ,rocedure.
C5:E" N56, the undersigned 'enant and states:
. 4 am the tenant o/ a rental united located at 4!! E. 9th "t. #!, $eno %9&!.
!. m. rent is not suCsidiGed C. EuClic housing authorit. or other go=ernmental agenc..
<laGier =. 2ustice Court o/ "mith Valle. 'E., Ne=. %+4, %99 0.!d ,& ?Ne=. 2ul !7, 99&>:
H"ummar. e=iction statute alloDing landlord to aEEl. to Iustice@s court /or e=iction
order Cased on de/ault in Ea.ment o/ rent did not aEEl. to unlaD/ul detainer action
against tenant Dho ne=er Eaid an. rent nor Das required to Ea. an. and, thus,
summar. e=iction order Das outside Iurisdiction o/ Iustice@s court. N.$.". 4,.!&3..5n
:arch , 993, $ichard )ulstone, Eresident o/ )ulstone, ser=ed <laGier Dith a thirt.(
da. notice to quit the EroEert.. <laGier /ailed to =acate the Eremises,and on -Eril !,
993, )ulstone ser=ed <laGier Dith a /i=e(da. notice. 'his notice e*Eressl.
threatened an action in Iustice@s court /or e=iction, Eursuant to N$" 4,.!&3,)N the
summar. e=iction statute. )N. N$" 4,.!&3 alloDs a landlord to aEEl. to the Iustice@s
court /or an e=iction order Cased on de/ault in Ea.ment o/ rent. 4/ the tenant can
shoD, C. a//ida=it, a legal de/ense to the alleged unlaD/ul detainer, /urther
Eroceedings must Ce conducted Eursuant to the more /ormal e=iction Erocedures in
N$" 4,.!9, to 4,.4!,. 4/, on the other hand, the tenant /ails to shoD a legal de/ense
to the alleged unlaD/ul detainer, then the Iustice@s court ma. issue a summar. order
/or remo=al o/ the tenant. 'he Iustice@s court held a hearing Eursuant to the Ero=isions
o/ N$" 4,.!&3 and ordered that <laGier =acate the EroEert. Dithin thirt. da.s.
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<laGier then /iled a Eetition /or a Drit o/ certiorari Ce/ore the district court, alleging
that the Iustice@s court e*ceeded its Iurisdiction under the Jsummar.K e=iction
Ero=isions o/ the statute C., inter alia, inquiring into matters Ce.ond the truth/ulness
and su//icienc. o/ the a//ida=its, and /ailing to dismiss the Jsummar.K e=iction
Eroceeding once a legal de/ense had Ceen raised. 'he district court held a hearing on
the Drit Eetition and denied the Eetition. 5n aEEeal to this court, <laGier argues that,
Eursuant to N$" 4,.!&3, once he raised the legal de/ense that he Das a li/e tenant
under the grant o/ a li/e estate, the Iustice@s court Das oCligated to dismiss the
Jsummar.K Eroceeding and to require that the landlord Erosecute his unlaD/ul
detainer action under the JElenar.K e=iction Eroceedings Ero=ided /or in N$" 4,.!9,
to 4,.4!,. LL,+ -lthough <laGier@s argument is logicall. sound, it is simEl.
irrele=ant. 4t is clear that, desEite all the Eroceedings CeloD and the arguments o/ the
Earties Ce/ore this court, N$" 4,.!&3 does not aEEl. to this case. 'he statute is
aEElicaCle JDhen the tenant o/ an. dDelling M N Dith Eeriodic rent reser=ed C. the
month or an. shorter Eeriod, is in de/ault in Ea.ment o/ the rent.K ?EmEhasis L%++
added.> -ll Earties to this action concede that <laGier ne=er Eaid an. rent, nor Das he
required to Ea. an.. 4t ma. Ce that )ulstone is entitled to ha=e <laGier remo=ed /rom
the EroEert., Cut not Eursuant to N$" 4,.!&3. 'here Das no case or contro=ers.
Ce/ore the Iustice@s court Cased on N$" 4,.!&3, and accordingl., the Iustice@s court
e*ceeded its Iurisdiction C. issuing the summar. e=iction order. -ccordingl., De
re=erse the Iudgment o/ the district court and remand to the district court Dith
directions to grant the Drit. )urther, De order that the e=iction order entered C. the
Iustice@s court Ce =acated. Ne=.,99&. <laGier =. 2ustice Court o/ "mith Valle. 'E.
Ne=. %+4, %99 0.!d ,&, "ee, also, Ne=.,99+. 1iEEis =. 0eters ! Ne=. ,,%,
9! 0.!d !4%H
N$" 4,.!&3 3nlaD/ul detainer: "uEElemental remed. o/ summar. e=iction and e*clusion o/ tenant
/or de/ault in Ea.ment o/ rent. . E*ceEt as otherDise Ero=ided in suCsection ,, in addition to the
remed. Ero=ided in N$" 4,.!&! and 4,.!9, to 4,.4!,, inclusi=e, Dhen the tenant o/ an. dDelling,
aEartment, moCile home, recreational =ehicle or commercial Eremises Dith Eeriodic rent reser=ed C.
the month or an. shorter Eeriod is in de/ault in Ea.ment o/ the rent, the landlord or the landlordOs
agent, unless otherDise agreed in Driting, ma. ser=e or ha=e ser=ed a notice in Driting, requiring in
the alternati=e the Ea.ment o/ the rent or the surrender o/ the Eremises: ?a> -t or Ce/ore noon o/ the
/i/th /ull da. /olloDing the da. o/ ser=ice; or ?C> 4/ the landlord chooses not to Eroceed in the manner
set /orth in EaragraEh ?a> and the rent is reser=ed C. a Eeriod o/ DeeF or less and the tenanc. has
not continued /or more than 4& da.s, at or Ce/ore noon o/ the /ourth /ull da. /olloDing the da. o/
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ser=ice. P -s used in this suCsection, Jda. o/ ser=iceK means the da. the landlord or the landlordOs
agent Eersonall. deli=ers the notice to the tenant. 4/ Eersonal ser=ice Das not so deli=ered, the Jda. o/
ser=iceK means the da. the notice is deli=ered, a/ter Eosting and mailing Eursuant to suCsection !, to
the sheri// or constaCle /or ser=ice i/ the request /or ser=ice is made Ce/ore noon. 4/ the request /or
ser=ice C. the sheri// or constaCle is made a/ter noon, the Jda. o/ ser=iceK shall Ce deemed to Ce the
da. ne*t /olloDing the da. that the request is made /or ser=ice C. the sheri// or constaCle. !. -
landlord or the landlordOs agent Dho ser=es a notice to a tenant Eursuant to EaragraEh ?C> o/
suCsection shall attemEt to deli=er the notice in Eerson in the manner set /orth in EaragraEh ?a> o/
suCsection o/ N$" 4,.!%,. 4/ the notice cannot Ce deli=ered in Eerson, the landlord or the landlordOs
agent: ?a> "hall Eost a coE. o/ the notice in a consEicuous Elace on the Eremises and mail the notice
C. o=ernight mail; and ?C> -/ter the notice has Ceen Eosted and mailed, ma. deli=er the notice to the
sheri// or constaCle /or ser=ice in the manner set /orth in suCsection o/ N$" 4,.!%,. 'he sheri// or
constaCle shall not acceEt the notice /or ser=ice unless it is accomEanied C. Dritten e=idence, signed
C. the tenant Dhen the tenant tooF Eossession o/ the Eremises, that the landlord or the landlordOs
agent in/ormed the tenant o/ the Ero=isions o/ this section Dhich set /orth the laD/ul Erocedures /or
e=iction /rom a short(term tenanc.. 3Eon acceEtance, the sheri// or constaCle shall ser=e the notice
Dithin 4% hours a/ter the request /or ser=ice Das made C. the landlord or the landlordOs agent. 3. -
notice ser=ed Eursuant to suCsection or ! must: ?a> 4denti/. the court that has Iurisdiction o=er the
matter; and ?C> -d=ise the tenant: ?> 5/ the tenantOs right to contest the matter C. /iling, Dithin the
time sEeci/ied in suCsection /or the Ea.ment o/ the rent or surrender o/ the Eremises, an a//ida=it
Dith the court that has Iurisdiction o=er the matter stating that the tenant has tendered Ea.ment or is
not in de/ault in the Ea.ment o/ the rent; ?!> 'hat i/ the court determines that the tenant is guilt. o/ an
unlaD/ul detainer, the court ma. issue a summar. order /or remo=al o/ the tenant or an order
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Ero=iding /or the nonadmittance o/ the tenant, directing the sheri// or constaCle o/ the count. to
remo=e the tenant Dithin !4 hours a/ter receiEt o/ the order; and ?3> 'hat, Eursuant to N$" %-.39,,
a tenant ma. seeF relie/ i/ a landlord unlaD/ull. remo=es the tenant /rom the Eremises or e*cludes the
tenant C. ClocFing or attemEting to ClocF the tenantOs entr. uEon the Eremises or Dill/ull. interruEts
or causes or Eermits the interruEtion o/ an essential ser=ice required C. the rental agreement or
chaEter %- o/ N$". 4. 4/ the tenant /iles such an a//ida=it at or Ce/ore the time stated in the notice,
the landlord or the landlordOs agent, a/ter receiEt o/ a /ile(stamEed coE. o/ the a//ida=it Dhich Das
/iled, shall not Ero=ide /or the nonadmittance o/ the tenant to the Eremises C. locFing or otherDise. &.
3Eon noncomEliance Dith the notice: ?a> 'he landlord or the landlordOs agent ma. aEEl. C. a//ida=it
o/ comElaint /or e=iction to the Iustice court o/ the toDnshiE in Dhich the dDelling, aEartment,
moCile home or commercial Eremises are located or to the district court o/ the count. in Dhich the
dDelling, aEartment, moCile home or commercial Eremises are located, Dhiche=er has Iurisdiction
o=er the matter. 'he court ma. thereuEon issue an order directing the sheri// or constaCle o/ the
count. to remo=e the tenant Dithin !4 hours a/ter receiEt o/ the order. 'he a//ida=it must state or
contain: ?> 'he date the tenanc. commenced. ?!> 'he amount o/ Eeriodic rent reser=ed. ?3> 'he
amounts o/ an. cleaning, securit. or rent deEosits Eaid in ad=ance, in e*cess o/ the /irst monthOs rent,
C. the tenant. ?4> 'he date the rental Ea.ments Cecame delinquent. ?&> 'he length o/ time the tenant
has remained in Eossession Dithout Ea.ing rent. ?+> 'he amount o/ rent claimed due and delinquent.
?7> - statement that the Dritten notice Das ser=ed on the tenant in accordance Dith N$" 4,.!%,. ?%>
- coE. o/ the Dritten notice ser=ed on the tenant. ?9> - coE. o/ the signed Dritten rental agreement,
i/ an.. ?C> E*ceEt Dhen the tenant has timel. /iled the a//ida=it descriCed in suCsection 3 and a /ile(
stamEed coE. o/ it has Ceen recei=ed C. the landlord or the landlordOs agent, and e*ceEt Dhen the
landlord is ErohiCited Eursuant to N$" %-.4%,, the landlord or the landlordOs agent ma., in a
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EeaceaCle manner, Ero=ide /or the nonadmittance o/ the tenant to the Eremises C. locFing or
otherDise. +. 3Eon the /iling C. the tenant o/ the a//ida=it Eermitted in suCsection 3, regardless o/ the
in/ormation contained in the a//ida=it, and the /iling C. the landlord o/ the a//ida=it Eermitted C.
suCsection &, the Iustice court or the district court shall hold a hearing, a/ter ser=ice o/ notice o/ the
hearing uEon the Earties, to determine the truth/ulness and su//icienc. o/ an. a//ida=it or notice
Ero=ided/or in this section. 4/ the court determines that there is no legal de/ense as to the alleged
unlaD/ul detainer and the tenant is guilt. o/ an unlaD/ul detainer, the court ma. issue a summar.
order /or remo=al o/ the tenant or an order Ero=iding /or the nonadmittance o/ the tenant. 4/ the court
determines that there is a legal de/ense as to the alleged unlaD/ul detainer, the court shall re/use to
grant either Eart. an. relie/, and, e*ceEt as otherDise Ero=ided in this suCsection, shall require that
an. /urther Eroceedings Ce conducted Eursuant to N$" 4,.!9, to 4,.4!,, inclusi=e. 'he issuance o/ a
summar. order /or remo=al o/ the tenant does not Ereclude an action C. the tenant /or an. damages
or other relie/ to Dhich the tenant ma. Ce entitled. 4/ the alleged unlaD/ul detainer Das Cased uEon
suCsection & o/ N$" 4,.!&4, the re/usal C. the court to grant relie/ does not Ereclude the landlord
therea/ter /rom Eursuing an action /or unlaD/ul detainer in accordance Dith N$" 4,.!&. 7. 'he
tenant ma., uEon Ea.ment o/ the aEEroEriate /ees relating to the /iling and ser=ice o/ a motion, /ile a
motion Dith the court, on a /orm Ero=ided C. the clerF o/ the court, to disEute the amount o/ the
costs, i/ an., claimed C. the landlord Eursuant to N$" %-.4+, or %C.!3, /or the in=entor.,
mo=ing and storage o/ Eersonal EroEert. le/t on the Eremises. 'he motion must Ce /iled Dithin !,
da.s a/ter the summar. order /or remo=al o/ the tenant or the aCandonment o/ the Eremises C. the
tenant, or Dithin !, da.s a/ter: ?a> 'he tenant has =acated or Ceen remo=ed /rom the Eremises; and
?C> - coE. o/ those charges has Ceen requested C. or Ero=ided to the tenant, P Dhiche=er is later. %.
3Eon the /iling o/ a motion Eursuant to suCsection 7, the court shall schedule a hearing on the
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motion. 'he hearing must Ce held Dithin , da.s a/ter the /iling o/ the motion. 'he court shall a//i*
the date o/ the hearing to the motion and order a coE. ser=ed uEon the landlord C. the sheri//,
constaCle or other Erocess ser=er. -t the hearing, the court ma.: ?a> Determine the costs, i/ an.,
claimed C. the landlord Eursuant to N$" %-.4+, or %C.!3, and an. accumulating dail. costs;
and ?C> 5rder the release o/ the tenantOs EroEert. uEon the Ea.ment o/ the charges determined to Ce
due or i/ no charges are determined to Ce due. 9. - landlord shall not re/use to acceEt rent /rom a
tenant that is suCmitted a/ter the landlord or the landlordOs agent has ser=ed or had ser=ed a notice
Eursuant to suCsection i/ the re/usal is Cased on the /act that the tenant has not Eaid collection /ees,
attorne.Os /ees or other costs other than rent, a reasonaCle charge /or late Ea.ments o/ rent or
dishonored checFs, or a securit.. -s used in this suCsection, Jsecurit.K has the meaning ascriCed to it
in N$" %-.!4,. ,. 'his section does not aEEl. to the tenant o/ a moCile home lot in a moCile
home EarF or to the tenant o/ a recreational =ehicle lot in an area o/ a moCile home EarF in this "tate
other than an area designated as a recreational =ehicle lot Eursuant to the Ero=isions o/ suCsection +
o/ N$" 4,.!&. N$" 4,.!%, "er=ice o/ notices to quit; Eroo/ required Ce/ore issuance o/ order to
remo=e. . E*ceEt as otherDise Ero=ided in N$" 4,.!&3, the notices required C. N$" 4,.!& to
4,.!+,, inclusi=e, ma. Ce ser=ed: ?a> B. deli=ering a coE. to the tenant Eersonall., in the Eresence o/
a Ditness; ?C> 4/ the tenant is aCsent /rom the tenantOs Elace o/ residence or /rom the tenantOs usual
Elace o/ Cusiness, C. lea=ing a coE. Dith a Eerson o/ suitaCle age and discretion at either Elace and
mailing a coE. to the tenant at the tenantOs Elace o/ residence or Elace o/ Cusiness; or ?c> 4/ the Elace
o/ residence or Cusiness cannot Ce ascertained, or a Eerson o/ suitaCle age or discretion cannot Ce
/ound there, C. Eosting a coE. in a consEicuous Elace on the leased EroEert., deli=ering a coE. to a
Eerson there residing, i/ the Eerson can Ce /ound, and mailing a coE. to the tenant at the Elace Dhere
the leased EroEert. is situated. !. "er=ice uEon a suCtenant ma. Ce made in the same manner as
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Ero=ided in suCsection . 3. Be/ore an order to remo=e a tenant is issued Eursuant to suCsection & o/
N$" 4,.!&3, a landlord shall /ile Dith the court a Eroo/ o/ ser=ice o/ an. notice required C. that
section. Be/ore a Eerson ma. Ce remo=ed as ErescriCed in N$" 4,.!9, to 4,.4!,, inclusi=e, a
landlord shall /ile Dith the court Eroo/ o/ ser=ice o/ an. notice required Eursuant to N$" 4,.!&&.
E*ceEt as otherDise Ero=ided in suCsection 4, this Eroo/ must consist o/: ?a> - statement, signed C.
the tenant and a Ditness, acFnoDledging that the tenant recei=ed the notice on a sEeci/ied date; ?C> -
certi/icate o/ mailing issued C. the 3nited "tates 0ostal "er=ice; or ?c> 'he endorsement o/ a sheri//,
constaCle or other Erocess ser=er stating the time and manner o/ ser=ice. 4. 4/ ser=ice o/ the notice
Das not deli=ered in Eerson to a tenant Dhose rent is reser=ed C. a Eeriod o/ DeeF or less and the
tenanc. has not continued /or more than 4& da.s, Eroo/ o/ ser=ice must include: ?a> - certi/icate o/
mailing issued C. the 3nited "tates 0ostal "er=ice or C. a Eri=ate Eostal ser=ice to the landlord or the
landlordOs agent; or ?C> 'he endorsement o/ a sheri// or constaCle stating the: ?> 'ime and date the
request /or ser=ice Das made C. the landlord or the landlordOs agent; ?!> 'ime, date and manner o/
the ser=ice; and ?3> )ees Eaid /or the ser=ice. N$" %-.,, J1andlordK de/ined. J1andlordK means
a Eerson Dho Ero=ides a dDelling unit /or occuEanc. C. another Eursuant to a rental agreement. N$"
%-.!, J5DnerK de/ined. J5DnerK means one or more Eersons, Iointl. or se=erall., in Dhom is
=ested: . -ll or Eart o/ the legal title to EroEert., e*ceEt a trustee under a deed o/ trust Dho is not in
Eossession o/ the EroEert.; or !. -ll or Eart o/ the Cene/icial oDnershiE, and a right to Eresent use and
enIo.ment o/ the Eremises. N$" %-.&, J$entK de/ined. J$entK means all Eeriodic Ea.ments to
Ce made to the landlord /or occuEanc. o/ a dDelling unit, including, Dithout limitation, all reasonaCle
and actual late /ees set /orth in the rental agreement. ?-dded to N$" C. 977, 33; - 999, 9%4>.
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'enant@s -nsDer and -//ida=itADeclaration to 3, Da. No Cause E=iction, 'enant@s Counterclaim
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'his action is Crought to address )ederal )air 7ousing or Ne=ada laDs ErohiCiting discrimination. 4
am Ceing discriminated against Cased on imEermissilCe characteristics. )urther, m. lease has not
e*Eired or terminated .et. N$" %-.+, J$ental agreementK de/ined. J$ental agreementK means
an. oral or Dritten agreement /or the use and occuEanc. o/ a dDelling unit or Eremises. ?-dded to
N$" C. 977, 33>
N$" %-.&, $etaliator. conduct C. landlord against tenant ErohiCited; remedies; e*ceEtions. .
E*ceEt as otherDise Ero=ided in suCsection 3, the landlord ma. not, in retaliation, terminate a
tenanc., re/use to reneD a tenanc., increase rent or decrease essential items or ser=ices required C.
the rental agreement or this chaEter, or Cring or threaten to Cring an action /or Eossession i/: ?a> 'he
tenant has comElained in good /aith o/ a =iolation o/ a Cuilding, housing or health code aEElicaCle to
the Eremises and a//ecting health or sa/et. to a go=ernmental agenc. charged Dith the resEonsiCilit.
/or the en/orcement o/ that code; ?C> 'he tenant has comElained in good /aith to the landlord or a laD
en/orcement agenc. o/ a =iolation o/ this chaEter or o/ a sEeci/ic statute that imEoses a criminal
Eenalt.; ?c> 'he tenant has organiGed or Cecome a memCer o/ a tenantOs union or similar
organiGation; ?d> - citation has Ceen issued resulting /rom a comElaint descriCed in EaragraEh ?a>; ?e>
'he tenant has instituted or de/ended against a Iudicial or administrati=e Eroceeding or arCitration in
Dhich the tenant raised an issue o/ comEliance Dith the requirements o/ this chaEter resEecting the
haCitaCilit. o/ dDelling units; ?/> 'he tenant has /ailed or re/used to gi=e Dritten consent to a
regulation adoEted C. the landlord, a/ter the tenant enters into the rental agreement, Dhich requires
the landlord to Dait until the aEEroEriate time has elaEsed Ce/ore it is en/orceaCle against the tenant;
or ?g> 'he tenant has comElained in good /aith to the landlord, a go=ernment agenc., an attorne., a
/air housing agenc. or an. other aEEroEriate Cod. o/ a =iolation o/ N$" %.,, to %.!,,
inclusi=e, or the )air 7ousing -ct o/ 9+%, 4! 3.".C. QQ 3+, et seq., or has otherDise e*ercised
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rights Dhich are guaranteed or Erotected under those laDs. !. 4/ the landlord =iolates an. Ero=ision o/
suCsection , the tenant is entitled to the remedies Ero=ided in N$" %-.39, and has a de/ense in
an. retaliator. action C. the landlord /or Eossession. 3. - landlord Dho acts under the circumstances
descriCed in suCsection does not =iolate that suCsection i/: ?a> 'he =iolation o/ the aEElicaCle
Cuilding, housing or health code o/ Dhich the tenant comElained Das caused Erimaril. C. the lacF o/
reasonaCle care C. the tenant, a memCer o/ his or her household or other Eerson on the Eremises Dith
his or her consent; ?C> 'he tenanc. is terminated Dith cause; ?c> - citation has Ceen issued and
comEliance Dith the aEElicaCle Cuilding, housing or health code requires alteration, remodeling or
demolition and cannot Ce accomElished unless the tenantOs dDelling unit is =acant; or ?d> 'he
increase in rent aEElies in a uni/orm manner to all tenants. P 'he maintenance o/ an action under this
suCsection does not Ere=ent the tenant /rom seeFing damages or inIuncti=e relie/ /or the landlordOs
/ailure to comEl. Dith the rental agreement or maintain the dDelling unit in a haCitaCle condition as
required C. this chaEter. N$" %-.3%, )ailure o/ landlord to suEEl. essential items or ser=ices. .
4/ the landlord is required C. the rental agreement or this chaEter to suEEl. heat, air(conditioning,
running Dater, hot Dater, electricit., gas, a /unctioning door locF or another essential item or ser=ice
and the landlord Dill/ull. or negligentl. /ails to do so, causing the Eremises to Cecome un/it /or
haCitation, the tenant shall gi=e Dritten notice to the landlord sEeci/.ing the Creach. 4/ the landlord
does not adequatel. remed. the Creach, or use his or her Cest e//orts to remed. the Creach Dithin 4%
hours, e*ceEt a "aturda., "unda. or legal holida., a/ter it is recei=ed C. the landlord, the tenant ma.,
in addition to an. other remed.: ?a> 0rocure reasonaCle amounts o/ such essential items or ser=ices
during the landlordOs noncomEliance and deduct their actual and reasonaCle cost /rom the rent; ?C>
$eco=er actual damages, including damages Cased uEon the lacF o/ use o/ the Eremises or the
diminution o/ the /air rental =alue o/ the dDelling unit; ?c> 6ithhold an. rent that Cecomes due
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during the landlordOs noncomEliance Dithout incurring late /ees, charges /or notice or an. other
charge or /ee authoriGed C. this chaEter or the rental agreement, until the landlord has attemEted in
good /aith to restore the essential items or ser=ices; or ?d> 0rocure other housing Dhich is comEaraCle
during the landlordOs noncomEliance, and the rent /or the original Eremises /ull. aCates during this
Eeriod. 'he tenant ma. reco=er the actual and reasonaCle cost o/ that other housing Dhich is in e*cess
o/ the amount o/ rent Dhich is aCated. !. 4/ the tenant Eroceeds under this section, the tenant ma. not
Eroceed under N$" %-.3&, and %-.3+, as to that Creach. 3. 'he rights o/ the tenant under this
section do not arise until the tenant has gi=en Dritten notice as required C. suCsection , e*ceEt that
the tenant ma., Dithout ha=ing gi=en that notice: ?a> $eco=er damages as authoriGed under EaragraEh
?C> o/ suCsection i/ the landlord: ?> -dmits to the court that the landlord had FnoDledge o/ the lacF
o/ such essential items or ser=ices; or ?!> 7as recei=ed Dritten notice o/ the uninhaCitaCle condition
caused C. such a lacF /rom a go=ernmental agenc. authoriGed to insEect /or =iolations o/ Cuilding,
housing or health codes. ?C> 6ithhold rent under EaragraEh ?c> o/ suCsection i/ the landlord: ?>
7as recei=ed Dritten notice o/ the condition constituting the Creach /rom a go=ernmental agenc.
authoriGed to insEect /or =iolations o/ Cuilding, housing or health codes; and ?!> )ails to remed. or
attemEt in good /aith to remed. the Creach Dithin the time ErescriCed in the Dritten notice o/ that
condition /rom the go=ernmental agenc.. 4. 'he rights o/ the tenant under EaragraEh ?c> o/ suCsection
do not arise unless the tenant is current in the Ea.ment o/ rent at the time o/ gi=ing Dritten notice
Eursuant to suCsection . &. 4/ such a condition Das caused C. the deliCerate or negligent act or
omission o/ the tenant, a memCer o/ his or her household or other Eerson on the Eremises Dith his or
her consent, the tenant has no rights under this section. ?-dded to N$" C. 977, 339; - 9%&, 4+;
9%7, 34; 999, !3,; !,,7, !%+; !,, !37> N$" %-.39, 3nlaD/ul remo=al or e*clusion o/
tenant or Dill/ul interruEtion o/ essential items or ser=ices; Erocedure /or e*Eedited relie/. . 4/ the
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landlord unlaD/ull. remo=es the tenant /rom the Eremises or e*cludes the tenant C. ClocFing or
attemEting to ClocF the tenantOs entr. uEon the Eremises, Dill/ull. interruEts or causes or Eermits the
interruEtion o/ an. essential item or ser=ice required C. the rental agreement or this chaEter or
otherDise reco=ers Eossession o/ the dDelling unit in =iolation o/ N$" %-.4%,, the tenant ma.
reco=er immediate Eossession Eursuant to suCsection 4, Eroceed under N$" %-.3%, or terminate
the rental agreement and, in addition to an. other remed., reco=er the tenantOs actual damages,
recei=e an amount not greater than R!,&,, to Ce /i*ed C. the court, or Coth. !. 4n determining the
amount, i/ an., to Ce aDarded under suCsection , the court shall consider: ?a> 6hether the landlord
acted in good /aith; ?C> 'he course o/ conduct CetDeen the landlord and the tenant; and ?c> 'he
degree o/ harm to the tenant caused C. the landlordOs conduct. 3. 4/ the rental agreement is terminated
Eursuant to suCsection , the landlord shall return all EreEaid rent and securit. reco=eraCle under this
chaEter. 4. E*ceEt as otherDise Ero=ided in suCsection &, the tenant ma. reco=er immediate
Eossession o/ the Eremises /rom the landlord C. /iling a =eri/ied comElaint /or e*Eedited relie/ /or the
unlaD/ul remo=al or e*clusion o/ the tenant /rom the Eremises, the Dill/ul interruEtion o/ an.
essential item or ser=ice or the reco=er. o/ Eossession o/ the dDelling unit in =iolation o/ N$"
%-.4%,. &. - =eri/ied comElaint /or e*Eedited relie/: ?a> :ust Ce /iled Dith the court Dithin &
Iudicial da.s a/ter the date o/ the unlaD/ul act C. the landlord, and the =eri/ied comElaint must Ce
dismissed i/ it is not timel. /iled. 4/ the =eri/ied comElaint /or e*Eedited relie/ is dismissed Eursuant
to this EaragraEh, the tenant retains the right to Eursue all other a=ailaCle remedies against the
landlord. ?C> :a. not Ce /iled Dith the court i/ an action /or summar. e=iction or unlaD/ul detainer is
alread. Eending CetDeen the landlord and tenant, Cut the tenant ma. seeF similar relie/ Ce/ore the
Iudge Eresiding o=er the Eending action. +. 'he court shall conduct a hearing on the =eri/ied
comElaint /or e*Eedited relie/ not later than 3 Iudicial da.s a/ter the /iling o/ the =eri/ied comElaint
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/or e*Eedited relie/. Be/ore or at the scheduled hearing, the tenant must Ero=ide Eroo/ that the
landlord has Ceen EroEerl. ser=ed Dith a coE. o/ the =eri/ied comElaint /or e*Eedited relie/. 3Eon the
hearing, i/ it is determined that the landlord has =iolated an. o/ the Ero=isions o/ suCsection , the
court ma.: N$" %-.!9, 7aCitaCilit. o/ dDelling unit. . 'he landlord shall at all times during the
tenanc. maintain the dDelling unit in a haCitaCle condition. - dDelling unit is not haCitaCle i/ it
=iolates Ero=isions o/ housing or health codes concerning the health, sa/et., sanitation or /itness /or
haCitation o/ the dDelling unit or i/ it suCstantiall. lacFs: ?a> E//ecti=e DaterEroo/ing and Deather
Erotection o/ the roo/ and e*terior Dalls, including DindoDs and doors. ?C> 0lumCing /acilities Dhich
con/ormed to aEElicaCle laD Dhen installed and Dhich are maintained in good DorFing order. ?c> -
Dater suEEl. aEEro=ed under aEElicaCle laD, Dhich is: ?> 3nder the control o/ the tenant or landlord
and is caEaCle o/ Eroducing hot and cold running Dater; ?!> )urnished to aEEroEriate /i*tures; and ?3>
Connected to a seDage disEosal s.stem aEEro=ed under aEElicaCle laD and maintained
in good DorFing order to the e*tent that the s.stem can Ce controlled C. the landlord. ?d> -dequate
heating /acilities Dhich con/ormed to aEElicaCle laD Dhen installed and are maintained in good
DorFing order. ?e> Electrical lighting, outlets, Diring and electrical equiEment Dhich con/ormed to
aEElicaCle laD Dhen installed and are maintained in good DorFing order. ?/> -n adequate numCer o/
aEEroEriate receEtacles /or garCage and ruCCish in clean condition and good reEair at the
commencement o/ the tenanc.. 'he landlord shall arrange /or the remo=al o/ garCage and ruCCish
/rom the Eremises unless the Earties C. Dritten agreement Ero=ide otherDise. ?g> Building, grounds,
aEEurtenances and all other areas under the landlordOs control at the time o/ the commencement o/
the tenanc. in e=er. Eart clean, sanitar. and reasonaCl. /ree /rom all accumulations o/ deCris, /ilth,
ruCCish, garCage, rodents, insects and =ermin. ?h> )loors, Dalls, ceilings, stairDa.s and railings
maintained in good reEair. ?i> Ventilating, air(conditioning and other /acilities and aEEliances,
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'enant@s -nsDer and -//ida=itADeclaration to 3, Da. No Cause E=iction, 'enant@s Counterclaim
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including ele=ators, maintained in good reEair i/ suEElied or required to Ce suEElied C. the landlord.
!. 'he landlord and tenant ma. agree that the tenant is to Eer/orm sEeci/ied reEairs, maintenance
tasFs and minor remodeling onl. i/: ?a> 'he agreement o/ the Earties is entered into in good /aith; and
?C> 'he agreement does not diminish the oCligations o/ the landlord to other tenants in the Eremises.
3. -n agreement Eursuant to suCsection ! is not entered into in good /aith i/ the landlord has a dut.
under suCsection to Eer/orm the sEeci/ied reEairs, maintenance tasFs or minor remodeling and the
tenant enters into the agreement Cecause the landlord or his or her agent has re/used to Eer/orm them.
?a> 5rder the landlord to restore to the tenant the Eremises or essential items or ser=ices, or Coth; ?C>
-Dard damages Eursuant to suCsection ; and ?c> EnIoin the landlord /rom =iolating the Ero=isions o/
suCsection and, i/ the circumstances so Darrant, hold the landlord in contemEt o/ court. 7. 'he
Ea.ment o/ all costs and o//icial /ees must Ce de/erred /or an. tenant Dho /iles a =eri/ied comElaint
/or e*Eedited relie/. -/ter an. hearing and not later than /inal disEosition o/ the /iling or order, the
court shall assess the costs and /ees against the Eart. that does not Ere=ail, e*ceEt that the court ma.
reduce them or Dai=e them, as Iustice ma. require.
N$" %-.7, J'enantK de/ined. J'enantK means a Eerson entitled under a rental agreement to
occuE. a dDelling unit to the e*clusion o/ others. N$" %-.!,, $ental agreements: "igning;
coEies; required Ero=isions; disEutaCle EresumEtions; use o/ noncon/orming agreement unlaD/ul. .
-n. Dritten agreement /or the use and occuEanc. o/ a dDelling unit or Eremises must Ce signed C.
the landlord or his or her agent and the tenant or his or her agent. !. 'he landlord shall Ero=ide one
coE. o/ an. Dritten agreement descriCed in suCsection to the tenant /ree o/ cost at the time the
agreement is e*ecuted and, uEon request o/ the tenant, Ero=ide additional coEies o/ an. such
agreement to the tenant Dithin a reasonaCle time. 'he landlord ma. charge a reasonaCle /ee /or
Ero=iding the additional coEies. 3. -n. Dritten rental agreement must contain, Cut is not limited to,
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Ero=isions relating to the /olloDing suCIects: ?a> Duration o/ the agreement. ?C> -mount o/ rent and
the manner and time o/ its Ea.ment. ?c> 5ccuEanc. C. children or Eets. ?d> "er=ices included Dith the
dDelling rental. ?e> )ees Dhich are required and the EurEoses /or Dhich the. are required. ?/>
DeEosits Dhich are required and the conditions /or their re/und. ?g> Charges Dhich ma. Ce required
/or late or Eartial Ea.ment o/ rent or /or return o/ an. dishonored checF. ?h> 4nsEection rights o/ the
landlord. ?i> - listing o/ Eersons or numCers o/ Eersons Dho are to occuE. the dDelling. ?I>
$esEecti=e resEonsiCilities o/ the landlord and the tenant as to the Ea.ment o/ utilit. charges. ?F> -
signed record o/ the in=entor. and condition o/ the Eremises under the e*clusi=e custod. and control
o/ the tenant. ?l> - summar. o/ the Ero=isions o/ N$" !,!.47,. ?m> 4n/ormation regarding the
Erocedure Eursuant to Dhich a tenant ma. reEort to the aEEroEriate authorities: ?> - nuisance. ?!> -
=iolation o/ a Cuilding, sa/et. or health code or regulation. ?n> 4n/ormation regarding the right o/ the
tenant to engage in the disEla. o/ the /lag o/ the 3nited "tates, as set /orth in N$" %-.3!&. 4. 'he
aCsence o/ a Dritten agreement raises a disEutaCle EresumEtion that: ?a> 'here are no restrictions on
occuEanc. C. children or Eets. ?C> :aintenance and Daste remo=al ser=ices are Ero=ided Dithout
charge to the tenant. ?c> No charges /or Eartial or late Ea.ments o/ rent or /or dishonored checFs are
Eaid C. the tenant. ?d> 5ther than normal Dear, the Eremises Dill Ce returned in the same condition as
Dhen the tenanc. Cegan. &. 4t is unlaD/ul /or a landlord or an. Eerson authoriGed to enter into a rental
agreement on his or her Cehal/ to use an. Dritten agreement Dhich does not con/orm to the
Ero=isions o/ this section, and an. Ero=ision in an agreement Dhich contra=enes the Ero=isions o/ this
section is =oid. ?-dded to N$" C. 977, 333; - !,,, 3&!; !,,3, !9+%; !,,7, !%!> N$"
%-.!, $ental agreements: 0a.ment o/ rent; term o/ tenanc.. . $ent is Ea.aCle Dithout demand
or notice at the time and Elace agreed uEon C. the Earties. !. 3nless the rental agreement estaClishes a
de/inite term, the tenanc. is /rom DeeF to DeeF in the case o/ a tenant Dho Ea.s DeeFl. rent and in
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all other cases the tenanc. is /rom month to month. 3. 4n the aCsence o/ an agreement, either Dritten
or oral: ?a> $ent is Ea.aCle at the Ceginning o/ the tenanc.; and ?C> $ent /or the use and occuEanc. o/
a dDelling is the /air rental =alue /or the use and occuEanc.. -t .our e=iction hearing, tell the Iudge
.our side o/ the stor.. 8our IoC
is to con=ince the Iudge that .ou ha=e a legal de/ense to the e=iction. 'he Ne=ada "uEreme Court
has determined that Jlegal de/enseK is Dhen .ou ha=e a Jgenuine issue o/ material /act.K -n=ui, 11C
=. <.1. Dragon, 11C, +3 0.3d 4,& ?!,,7> N$" 4,.!& 3nlaD/ul detainer: 0ossession o/
EroEert. leased /or inde/inite time a/ter notice to quit; older Eerson or Eerson Dith a disaCilit. entitled
to e*tension o/ Eeriod o/ Eossession uEon request. N$" 4,.!& 3nlaD/ul detainer: 0ossession o/
EroEert. leased /or inde/inite time a/ter notice to quit; older Eerson or Eerson Dith a disaCilit. entitled
to e*tension o/ Eeriod o/ Eossession uEon request. . - tenant o/ real EroEert., a recreational =ehicle
or a moCile home /or a term less than li/e is guilt. o/ an unlaD/ul detainer Dhen ha=ing leased: ?a>
$eal EroEert., e*ceEt as otherDise Ero=ided in this section, or a moCile home /or an inde/inite time,
Dith monthl. or other Eeriodic rent reser=ed, the tenant continues in Eossession thereo/, in Eerson or
C. suCtenant, Dithout the landlordOs consent a/ter the e*Eiration o/ a notice o/: ?> )or tenancies /rom
DeeF to DeeF, at least 7 da.s; ?!> E*ceEt as otherDise Ero=ided in suCsection !, /or all other Eeriodic
tenancies, at least 3, da.s; or ?3> )or tenancies at Dill, at least & da.s. ?C> - dDelling unit suCIect to
the Ero=isions o/ chaEter %- o/ N$", the tenant continues in Eossession, in Eerson or C. suCtenant,
Dithout the landlordOs consent a/ter e*Eiration o/: ?> 'he term o/ the rental agreement or its
termination and, e*ceEt as otherDise Ero=ided in suCEaragraEh ?!>, the e*Eiration o/ a notice o/: ?4>
-t least 7 da.s /or tenancies /rom DeeF to DeeF; and ?44> E*ceEt as otherDise Ero=ided in suCsection
!, at least 3, da.s /or all other Eeriodic tenancies; or ?!> - notice o/ at least & da.s Dhere the tenant
has /ailed to Eer/orm the tenantOs Casic or contractual oCligations under chaEter %- o/ N$". ?c> -
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moCile home lot suCIect to the Ero=isions o/ chaEter %B o/ N$", or a lot /or a recreational =ehicle
in an area o/ a moCile home EarF other than an area designated as a recreational =ehicle lot Eursuant
to the Ero=isions o/ suCsection + o/ N$" 4,.!&, the tenant continues in Eossession, in Eerson or C.
suCtenant, Dithout the landlordOs consent: ?> -/ter notice has Ceen gi=en Eursuant to N$" %B.&,
%B.7, or %B.9, and the Eeriod o/ the notice has e*Eired; or ?!> 4/ the Eerson is not a natural
Eerson and has recei=ed three notices /or nonEa.ment o/ rent Dithin a !(month Eeriod, immediatel.
uEon /ailure to Ea. timel. rent. ?d> - recreational =ehicle lot, the tenant continues in Eossession, in
Eerson or C. suCtenant, Dithout the landlordOs consent, a/ter the e*Eiration o/ a notice o/ at least &
da.s. !. E*ceEt as otherDise Ero=ided in this section, i/ a tenant Dith a Eeriodic tenanc. Eursuant to
EaragraEh ?a> or ?C> o/ suCsection , other than a tenanc. /rom DeeF to DeeF, is +, .ears o/ age or
older or has a Eh.sical or mental disaCilit., the tenant ma. request to Ce alloDed to continue in
Eossession /or an additional 3, da.s Ce.ond the time sEeci/ied in suCsection C. suCmitting a
Dritten request /or an e*tended Eeriod and Ero=iding Eroo/ o/ the tenantOs age or disaCilit.. -
landlord ma. not Ce required to alloD a tenant to continue in Eossession i/ a shorter notice is Ero=ided
Eursuant to suCEaragraEh ?!> o/ EaragraEh ?C> o/ suCsection . 3. -n. notice Ero=ided Eursuant to
EaragraEh ?a> or ?C> o/ suCsection must include a statement ad=ising the tenant o/ the Ero=isions o/
suCsection !. 4. 4/ a landlord reIects a request to alloD a tenant to continue in Eossession /or an
additional 3, da.s Eursuant to suCsection !, the tenant ma. Eetition the court /or an order to continue
in Eossession /or the additional 3, da.s. 4/ the tenant suCmits Eroo/ to the court that the tenant is
entitled to request such an e*tension, the court ma. grant the Eetition and enter an order alloDing the
tenant to continue in Eossession /or the additional 3, da.s. 4/ the court denies the Eetition, the tenant
must Ce alloDed to continue in Eossession /or & calendar da.s /olloDing the date o/ entr. o/ the order
den.ing the Eetition. N$" 4,.4,, $ules o/ Eractice. 'he Ero=isions o/ N$", Ne=ada $ules o/ Ci=il
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0rocedure and Ne=ada $ules o/ -EEellate 0rocedure relati=e to ci=il actions, aEEeals and neD trials,
so /ar as the. are not inconsistent Dith the Ero=isions o/ N$" 4,.!!, to 4,.4!,, inclusi=e, aEEl. to
the Eroceedings mentioned in those sections. N$" 4,.34, -dIournments. 'he court or Iustice o/ the
Eeace ma. /or good cause shoDn adIourn the trial o/ an. cause under N$" 4,.!!, to 4,.4!,,
inclusi=e, not e*ceeding & da.s; and Dhen the de/endant, or the de/endantOs agent or attorne., shall
maFe oath that the de/endant cannot sa/el. Eroceed to trial /or Dant o/ some material Ditness, naming
that Ditness, stating the e=idence that the de/endant e*Eects to oCtain, shoDing that the de/endant has
used due diligence to oCtain such Ditness and Celie=es that i/ an adIournment Ce alloDed the
de/endant Dill Ce aCle to Erocure the attendance o/ such Ditness, or the DitnessOs deEosition, in time
to Eroduce the same uEon the trial, in Dhich case, i/ such Eerson or Eersons Dill gi=e Cond, Dith one
or more su//icient sureties, conditioned to Ea. the comElainant /or all rent that ma. accrue during the
Eending o/ such suit, and all costs and damages consequent uEon such adIournment, the court or
Iustice o/ the Eeace shall adIourn the cause /or such reasonaCle time as ma. aEEear necessar., not
e*ceeding 3, da.s. N$" 4,.3&, 'rial not to Ce adIourned Dhen comElainant admits e=idence in
a//ida=it Dould Ce gi=en. 4/ the comElainant admit that the e=idence stated in the a//ida=it mentioned
in N$" 4,.34, Dould Ce gi=en C. such Ditness, and agree that it Ce considered as actuall. gi=en on
the trial, or o//ered and o=erruled as imEroEer, the trial shall not Ce adIourned.
'he landlord is tr.ing to e=ict me /or m. e*ercising m. rights as /olloDs: comElaining o/ haCitaCilit.
issues and =iolations o/ criminal laDs and retaliation.
4 ha=e a lease Dhich has not e*Eired and the landlord has not gi=en me notice that the.Ashe is
terminating m. lease. :. lease alloDs me to use the Eremises /or a h.Crid EurEose o/ a home laD
o//ice, ie a commercial lease, as such the No Cause t.Ee o/ e=iction is not a=ailaCle here, esEeciall.
Dhere, as her, m. lease has not terminated C. its terms as o/ .et.
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'enant@s -nsDer and -//ida=itADeclaration to 3, Da. No Cause E=iction, 'enant@s Counterclaim
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4 ha=e not recei=ed a notice /rom the landlord telling me to lea=e the Eremises. the. can talF aCout
Dhat the. told H2ohn DoeH to do, Cut...-itFen requires the. change an. H2ohn DoeH notices to re/lect
m. actual name one the. Dere aEErised o/ it. 'he Dere as earl. as 2anuar. &th, !, according to
"ue 9ing, .et the. /ailed to ser=e aEEroEriate notice.. 4/ 4 ha=e e=er oDed the landlord an. rent, 4
ha=e Eaid it all or ha=e Eaid it Dithin the time required C. laD.
-ssociation@s negligence =is a =is 1aura and Chris@s negligent andintentional torts committed against
me, Dhich ha=e resulted in thousands o/ dollars o/ damages. 0lease coE. me on an. and all
corresEondence =ia /a* or email as the landlords and or their argents ha=e Ceen or areDithholding m.
mail or otherDise inter/erring Dith m. acces to it, and the. ha=e also done Dith resEect to the
essential ser=ice o/ electricit... -ssociation@s negligence =is a =is 1aura and Chris@s negligent
andintentional torts committed against me, Dhich ha=e resulted in thousands o/ dollars o/ damages.
0lease coE. me on an. and all corresEondence =ia /a* or email as the landlords and or their argents
ha=e Ceen or areDithholding m. mail or otherDise inter/erring Dith m. acces to it, and the. ha=e also
d 6ritten comElaint to 0'75-@a emElo.ees or agents, causing 0'75- to retaliate against Coughlin
Das Ero=ide on 2anuar. %, !,! in tDo seEarate Dritings, Dhich alleged: H0ursuant to N$" %- and
N$" 4,, 4 am hereC. comElaining in Driting o/ .ours and 1aura 7arrison@s =iolation o/ the /olloDing
criminal laDs: - /elon. con=iction /or malicious destruction o/ Eri=ate EroEert. under N$" !,+.3,
and 93.&& must Ce C4V41 14-B414'8 )5$ 15"" 5$ D-:-<E '5 0$50E$'8 N$" !,&.9%,
Determination o/ =alue o/ loss /rom crime; notice to =ictim; order o/ restitution deemed Iudgment to
collect damages. C7-0'E$ !,+ ( :-14C453" :4"C74E) N$" !,+.,,& J<ra//itiK de/ined. N$"
!,+.,, Destruction or damage o/ EroEert. C. unlaD/ul assemCl.. N$" !,+.,& Destruction or
damage o/ croEs, gardens, trees or shruCs. N$" !,+.,4, Entering EroEert. Dith intention to damage
or destro. EroEert.. N$" !,+.!& Damage o/ EroEert. used /or EurEose o/ religion, /or Curial or
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'enant@s -nsDer and -//ida=itADeclaration to 3, Da. No Cause E=iction, 'enant@s Counterclaim
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memorialiGing o/ dead, /or education, as transEortation /acilit., as EuClic transEortation =ehicle or as
communit. center; damage o/ Eersonal EroEert. contained therein; Eenalties; restitution. N$"
!,+.4, Nuisance in Cuilding; tresEass uEon grounds; disturCing assemCl.. N$" !,+.&, 9illing,
maiming, dis/iguring or Eoisoning animal o/ another Eerson; Filling estra. or li=estocF. N$" !,+.+,
1eading or dri=ing horse aDa. Dithout authorit.. N$" !,+.!,, 0osting o/ Cills, signs or Eosters
unlaD/ul. N$" !,+.!!, $emo=al, alteration or destruction o/ monuments or landmarFs designating
Coundaries. N$" !,+.!+, )raudulent and malicious destruction o/ Dritings. N$" !,+.!7, De/acing
Eroclamations and notices. N$" !,+.!%, 'amEering Dith EaEers. N$" !,+.!9, 5Eening or
EuClishing sealed letter or telegram. N$" !,+.3,, )alse signals endangering cars, =essels or motors.
N$" !,+.3, 4nIur. to other EroEert.. N$" !,+.3!, 3nlaD/ul remo=al o/ Eetri/ied Dood /rom
Eosted or designated sites; duties o/ certain o//icers. N$" !,+.33, 0lacing gra//iti on or otherDise
de/acing EroEert.: )ines and Eenalties; Earent or guardian resEonsiCle /or /ines and Eenalties i/
Eerson =iolating section is under age o/ % .ears; susEension o/ dri=erOs license. N$" !,+.33&
Carr.ing gra//iti imElement at certain locations Dith intent to =andaliGe, Elace gra//iti on or de/ace
EroEert.. N$" !,+.34, <ra//iti $eDard )und created; administrati=e assessment to Ce imEosed /or
certain =iolations; use o/ mone. in )und. N$" !,+.34& 0erson or entit. to Ce Eaid i/ restitution is
ordered /or =iolation o/ N$" !,+.!& or !,+.33,. Zach Coughlin, Esq.H 'he second Driting: H'his is
additional Dritten notice Eursuant to N$" %- and N$" 4, comElaining o/ and requesting reEairs
and reimCursement /or the /olloDing: no cg/i outlet near sinF in uEstairs Cathroom. .ou CroFe the
door to m. room and the locF and /ailed to Ero=ide a Fe. laura harrison slashed tDo o/ m. tires,
necessitating R&, in reEairs. 8ou threD hot co//ee on me and ruined m. htc <! smartEhone, a R4,,
Ehone .ou ha=e Creached are deal Dith resEect to m. Ceing alloDed to Ce neD carEet o=er the =er.
dirt. carEet doDnstairs. 8ou ha=e reEeatedl. used /orce and threat o/ /orce to Ere=ent me /rom
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'enant@s -nsDer and -//ida=itADeclaration to 3, Da. No Cause E=iction, 'enant@s Counterclaim
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accessing the Dashing machine doDnstairs /or doing laundr. and Ere=ented m. use o/ the Fitchen
8ou admitted to changing the deadColts on the /ront and CacF door@s on NeD 8ears da. at !:3, am,
locFing me outside on a night Dith /reeGing temEeratures, necessitating an e*Eense o/ R+, /or
alternate lodging that night. )urther, .ou and 1aura 7arrison ha=e unlaD/ull. interruEted an essential
ser=ice, m. electricit., reEeatedl.. N$" %-.39,. 0lease cure these issues or 4 intend to deduct them
/rom an. /uture rent. 4 am comElaining o/ .ours and 1aura 7arrison@s =iolations o/ criminal laD
statutes :. dog had cheDing gum stucF in its hair in se=eral Elaces, in a manner that suggests it Das
EurEose/ull. done. 4 Dill remind .ou that aCuse to animals is included in the 0rotection 5rder
"tatutes. )urther, .ou and :s. 7arrison are in =iolation o/ /ederal laD in Ere=enting m. access to the
mailCo* included in our agreement, as it Das agreed that 4 Dould Ce a//orded the oEEortunit. to
recei=e mail at the 4!! E. 9th "'. #! -ddress and use o/ the mailCo*. "incerel., Zach Coughlin,
Esq.H
0otential counterclaims in a residential e=iction action =ar. /rom Iurisdiction to Iurisdiction. "ee, e.g.,
5hio $e=. Code -nn. Q 9!3.,+. "ome states restrict the counterclaims that a tenant ma. assert in a
summar. e=iction Eroceeding. 4oDa Code -nn. Q +4%.9; :d. Code -nn., $eal 0roE. Q %(4,!.4 ?d>.
4/ a EroEert. oDner used illegal sel/(helE to remo=e a tenant Erior to or during the course o/ an
e=iction action, the tenant ma. ha=e counterclaims /or illegal e=iction, tresEass, or harassment. 'he
tenants Ere=ailed on such a claim in Villeneu=e =. Beane, %! Vt. &7&, !,,7 V' 7&, 933 -.!d 39
?!,,7>, Dhere the tenant /amil. struggled to Ea. their rent and Eurchase heating oil a/ter the /ather@s
serious inIur. in an industrial accident le/t him unaCle to DorF. DesEite the /act that the tenants oDed
CacF rent and the EroEert. oDner had Ceen /orced to Eurchase heating oil to FeeE the /urnace running,
the EroEert. oDner agreed to Eermit the tenants to remain in the residence /or an additional month
a/ter e*Eiration o/ the lease i/ the. Eaid the rent /or that additional month. 'he tenants Eaid the rent
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'enant@s -nsDer and -//ida=itADeclaration to 3, Da. No Cause E=iction, 'enant@s Counterclaim
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/or the additional month, Cut Dhile the tenants Dere aDa. at DorF and school one da., the landlord
Cegan remo=ing their Eersonal EroEert. /rom the residence. 6hen one o/ the tenants returned home
/rom DorF une*Eectedl., he had the Eolice remo=e the EroEert. oDner /rom the residence and the
tenants mo=ed their EroEert. CacF into the residence. During the course o/ the e=iction action /iled C.
the EroEert. oDner, the tenants Eaid rent into court until the. =acated the residence. 7oDe=er, the
EroEert. oDner engaged in a camEaign o/ harassment against the tenants Dhile the e=iction action
Das Eending, including ha=ing their utilities shut o// and Eosting signs on the EroEert. oDner@s
neighCoring Eremises stating that the tenants Dould not Ea. rent and Dould not =acate the residence.
Based on these actions, the tenants asserted a counterclaim /or harassment, illegal e=iction, and
tresEass. 'he aEEellate court uEheld the trial court@s aDard o/ R,,,,, in comEensator. damages and
R!,,,, in Euniti=e damages against the EroEert. oDner Cecause the EroEert. oDner@s conduct Das
outrageous and a =iolation o/ the tenants@ right to legal Erocess. Villeneu=e =. Beane, %! Vt. &7&,
!,,7 V' 7&, 933 -.!d 39 ?!,,7>. 5ne common counterclaim is Creach o/ the Darrant. o/
haCitaCilit.. Domen 7olding Co. =. -rano=ich, N.8.3d 7, 7+9 N.8.".!d 7%&, %,! N.E.!d 3&
?!,,3> ?tenant asserted a counterclaim /or Creach o/ the Darrant. o/ haCitaCilit. in the landlord@s
e=iction action>; 2aClonsFi =. Case., +4 :ass. -EE. Ct. 744, %3& N.E.!d +& ?!,,&> ?tenant asserted a
counterclaim /or Creach o/ the Darrant. o/ haCitaCilit. in the landlord@s e=iction action>. 4n certain
cases, a Creach o/ the Darrant. o/ haCitaCilit. ma. alloD reinstatement o/ the tenanc. e=en i/ the
EroEert. oDner alread. oCtained an e=iction order. )or instance, a :assachusetts Ero=ision Eermits a
tenant to Dithhold rent due to conditions in the residence that materiall. imEair or endanger the
tenant@s sa/et., health, or Dell(Ceing. 2aClonsFi =. Case., +4 :ass. -EE. Ct. 744, %3& N.E.!d +&
?!,,&> ?interEreting :ass. <en. 1aDs -nn. ch. !39, Q %->. 4/ a :assachusetts court renders Iudgment
in /a=or o/ the EroEert. oDner Cased on the nonEa.ment o/ rent, the tenant ma. reinstate the tenanc.
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'enant@s -nsDer and -//ida=itADeclaration to 3, Da. No Cause E=iction, 'enant@s Counterclaim
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C. Ea.ing the amount o/ the Iudgment into court Dithin one DeeF. 2aClonsFi =. Case., +4 :ass. -EE.
Ct. 744, %3& N.E.!d +& ?!,,&> ?interEreting :ass. <en. 1aDs -nn. ch. !39, Q %->. 7oDe=er, such
relie/ is not a=ailaCle unless the tenant Ero=es that the EroEert. oDner had Erior notice o/ the
conditions endangering the tenant@s sa/et., health, or Dell(Ceing. 2aClonsFi =. Case., +4 :ass. -EE.
Ct. 744, %3& N.E.!d +& ?!,,&> ?den.ing a tenant@s motion /or reinstatement o/ her tenanc. Cecause
she /ailed to noti/. the landlord o/ the conditions allegedl. endangering her health, sa/et., or Dell(
Ceing Erior to Dithholding rent>. )ailure to a//ord the EroEert. oDner the requisite notice Erior to
Dithholding rent Erecludes the tenant /rom asserting the Creach o/ Darrant. o/ haCitaCilit. as a
de/ense to an e=iction Eroceeding. 2aClonsFi =. Case., +4 :ass. -EE. Ct. 744, %3& N.E.!d +& ?!,,&>
?a//irming Iudgment in /a=or o/ the landlord /or Eossession and CacF rent>.Because a tenant@s claim o/
retaliator. e=iction is t.Eicall. asserted as an equitaCle de/ense, the usual remed. /or its success/ul
assertion is dismissal o/ the landlord@s action /or Eossession o/ the Eremises.M7!N 7oDe=er, in some
cases the tenant ma. Ce entitled to damages.M 73N 'his ma. include reco=er. o/ a rent aCatement /or a
Eeriod o/ uninhaCitaCilit.,M74N comEensator. damages,M7&N damages /or emotional distress caused C.
the retaliator. e=iction,M 7+N and attorne.@s /ees.M77N :ost courts ha=e held that Euniti=e damages are
not reco=eraCle on a claim o/ retaliator. e=iction,M7%N although a /eD courts ha=e aDarded Euniti=e
damages in some instances.M79N 4t is the tenant@s Curden to Ero=e damages. )or e*amEle, in 0aullin =.
"utton,M%,N a Ne=ada court /ound that the onl. e=idence o/ damages consisted o/ testimon. C. the
tenant that, /olloDing her e=iction, she Eurchased a condominium /or R!&,,,, doDn and R,&&!
mortgage Ea.ment ?Elus R3& association /ee> Eer month. 'he court held that as a matter o/ laD,
damages /or retaliator. e=iction do not include all or Eart o/ the Eurchase Erice o/ a neD home C. the
/ormer tenant. )urther, although the tenant@s ansDers to interrogatories indicated that she did incur
e*Eenses in mo=ing, she did not introduce an. e=idence at trial concerning the amount o/ these
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'enant@s -nsDer and -//ida=itADeclaration to 3, Da. No Cause E=iction, 'enant@s Counterclaim
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e*Eenses. Because she /ailed to carr. the Curden to Ero=e her damages, the court =acated a
comEensator. damage aDard o/ R!,,,,. 'he court also re=ersed an R%,,,,, aDard o/ Euniti=e
damages Cecause, said the court, Euniti=e damages are not authoriGed Dithout a =alid aDard o/
comEensator. damages. 'he court /urther determined that Dhile Ne= $e= "tat Q %-.&, clearl.
ErohiCited the non(reneDal o/ a month(to(month tenanc. /or a retaliator. EurEose, the statute Das
silent as to Dhether Euniti=e damages Dere reco=eraCle /or a retaliator. e=iction. 4n <oFe. =.
Bessette,M%N a landlord@s action /or unEaid rent allegedl. due Dhen the tenant =acated the Eremises,
the de/endant tenants counterclaimed /or damages Cased on retaliator. e=iction and the landlord@s
Creach o/ an imElied Darrant. o/ haCitaCilit.. 'he Earties had entered into an oral lease agreement /or
rental o/ a moCile home starting in "eEtemCer 9%& at a monthl. rent o/ R4,,. 'he tenants Eaid /or
electric ser=ice to the moCile home, Cut the landlord Eaid /or the electricit. /or a nearC. Carn, in
Dhich the tenants Dere alloDed to store their /reeGer. 'he trial court /ound that during the tenanc. a
=ariet. o/ EroClems de=eloEed, including Dater leaFage into the home through the roo/ ?Dhich Das
reEaired C. the tenants>, EoDer /ailures due to a /ault. trans/ormer, and a /urnace CreaFdoDn. :ore
serious Das a CreaF in the seDer line, Dhich caused unhealth. /luids to collect underneath the moCile
home and a /oul odor to Eer=ade the Eremises. DesEite numerous comElaints to the landlord to reEair
the seDer line CreaF, the EroClem remained unresol=ed /rom )eCruar. to 2une 9%+, and the tenants
stoEEed Ea.ing rent as o/ 2une , 9%+. 'he court /ound that /inal reEair to the seEtic s.stem came on
2une 7, 9%+, onl. a/ter the tenants EromEted a =isit /rom the toDn health o//icer. 5n 2une +, 9%+,
Erior to the reEair, the landlord ga=e the tenants notice to quit, e//ecti=e -ugust , 9%+. 'he trial
court /ound that a/ter the tenants stoEEed Ea.ing rent, the landlord locFed the Carn Dhere the /reeGer
Das located and shut o// the EoDer, causing the loss o/ R3,, Dorth o/ /ood. 'he tenants =acated the
Eremises on 5ctoCer 3, 9%+, aEEro*imatel. one month a/ter the landlord had sold the moCile home.
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'enant@s -nsDer and -//ida=itADeclaration to 3, Da. No Cause E=iction, 'enant@s Counterclaim
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M)N7%N "ee, /or e*amEle, 0ohlman =. :etroEolitan 'railer 0arF, 4nc., !+ N.2. "uEer. 4, 3! -.!d
%%% ?Ch. Di=. 973> ?holding that state statute did not authoriGe reco=er. o/ Euniti=e damages /or
retaliator. e=iction>; 0aullin =. "utton, ,! Ne=. 4!, 7!4 0.!d 749 ?9%+> ?holding that state statute
did not authoriGe reco=er. o/ Euniti=e damages /or retaliator. e=iction>. M)N79N "ee, /or e*amEle,
-DeeFa =. Bonds, !, Cal. -EE. 3d !7%, 97 Cal. $Etr. +&, ?st Dist. 97> ?holding that Euniti=e
damages are reco=eraCle in a retaliator. e=iction action e=en i/ the actual damages are nominal>. "ee
also Del Code -nn tit. !&, Q &&+?d> ?alloDing a success/ul tenant to reco=er three months@ rent or
treCle damages, Dhiche=er is greater, Elus attorne.@s /ees>. M)N%,N 0aullin =. "utton, ,! Ne=. 4!,
7!4 0.!d 749 ?9%+>. M)N%N <oFe. =. Bessette, &4 Vt. &+,, &%, -.!d 4%%, !3 -.1.$.&th %%7
?99,>. M)N%!N 0ursuant to 9 Vt. "tat. -nn. Q 44+&. "ection !3 )ootnotes: M)N%3N )or a general
discussion on the use o/ interrogatories, see Disco=er.S6ritten 4nterrogatories, 4 -m. 2ur. 'rials .
)or interrogatories to disco=er Casic /acts in tort actions, see Danner, 0attern Disco=er.: 'ort -ctions
?!d ed.>. )or checFlists and discussion o/ the use o/ e*Eert Ditnesses, see Danner, E*Eert 6itness
ChecFlists. $egarding deEositions, see 0attern DeEosition ChecFlists ?!d ed.>. 5n state court Eractice
Dith resEect to interrogatories, see Disco=er.S6ritten 4nterrogatories, 4 -m. 2ur. 'rials . 5n
Dritten interrogatories in /ederal district court, see )ederal $ules o/ Ci=il 0rocedure $ules !+, 33; see
also )ederal 0rocedure, 1. Ed. QQ !+:!9, et seq.. 4& -:23$ 05) 3d 37&
'he landlord@s ComElaint /ails to state /acts Dhich Dould alloD himAher to e=ict me, /urther 9ing and
6estern Ne=ada :anagement and "hiela 1ester ha=e admitted the. recei=ed nothing Eursuant to
their arrangement Dith -llaCacF and )oreshee, as such the Ne=ada "uEreme Court holding in <laGier
maFes inaEElicaCle a summar. e=iction Eroceeding. )urther, Dhere, as here, m. lease alloDs me to
use the Eremises /or a home laD o//ice, and the non(Ea.ment o/ rent has not Ceen alleged, N$"
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4,.!&3 maFes inaEElicaCle a summar. e=iction Erocedure under those circumstances, rather, a
Elenar. Erocedure is required. $egardless, a EroEer Iur. trial demand is hereC. made.
'here is EerhaEs another Eerson against Dhom this action should Ce Crought, namel. Erin -llaCacF
and 1aure )orshee.
4 ha=e not Ceen EroEerl. named in the notices. $ather, the Notice EurEortedl. Eosed on 2anuar.
,th, !,! onl. names a H2ohn DoeH desEite m. numerous Dritings to 6estern Ne=ada Dherein m.
name Das madse clear. 'he -itFen case maFes clear that the Erocedural and notice requirements o/
summar. e=iction matters must Ce stricl. adhered to, as such this H2ohn DoeH notice is ine//ecti=e.
4 ha=e other de/enses as /olloDs: retaliation, discrimination, lacF o/ allegation o/ nonEa.ment o/ rent,
75- admitted tenants Dere not oCligated to Ea. rent, as such, under <laGier, summar. e=iction
Erocedures una=ailaCle. 4:05$'-N': 4n some cases, the Court has the EoDer to gi=e .ou time to
/ind a neD Elace to li=e e=en i/ .ou do not ha=e an. o/ the listed de/enses. 4/ .ou Dish the Court to
determine Dhether .ou are entitled to it, Elease checF CeloD:
4 ha=e Ero=ided Dritten request to landlord /or an e*tension o/ 3, da.s in light o/ m. disaCilit..
4 am Driting to request the 3, da.s e*tension Cased uEon disaCilit.. 4 am in=oFing m. 740-- and other Eri=ac. rights
Dith resEect to di=ulging an.thign /urther aCout m. disaCilit..
C53N'E$C1-4:
4/ .ou Celie=e that .ou are entitled to a return o/ Eart o/ .our rent Ea.ment or other damages /rom the
landlord, comElete the statement CeloD: 4 here C. counterclaim in e*cess o/ R,,,,, in damages. 4
/eel that 4 am entitled to this amount /or the /olloDing reasons: damages to m.sel/, m. clients, and
m. Eractice in light o/ landlord@s and landlord@s agents actions. 1aura and Chris Ceing the
-ssociations emElo.ees and there/ore .ou gu.s or them Danted to settle Dith
me on account o/ a resEondeat suEerior theor. o/ liaCilit. maFing .our
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e*Eosure signi/icant enough to Iusti/. doing so. -ssociation@s negligence =is a =is 1aura and Chris@s negligent
andintentional torts committed against me, Dhich ha=e resulted in thousands o/ dollars o/ damages. 0lease coE. me on
an. and all corresEondence =ia /a* or
email as the landlords and or their argents ha=e Ceen or areDithholding m. mail or otherDise inter/erring Dith m. acces
to it, and the. ha=e also done Dith resEect to the essential ser=ice o/ electricit..
,-INTS AND AUT.-RITIES
)-C'"
N$" %-.&, $etaliator. conduct C. landlord against tenant ErohiCited; remedies; e*ceEtions.
. E*ceEt as otherDise Ero=ided in suCsection 3, the landlord ma. not, in retaliation, terminate a
tenanc., re/use to reneD a tenanc., increase rent or decrease essential ser=ices required C. the rental
agreement or this chaEter, or Cring or threaten to Cring an action /or Eossession i/:
?a> 'he tenant has comElained in good /aith o/ a =iolation o/ a Cuilding, housing or health code
aEElicaCle to the Eremises and a//ecting health or sa/et. to a go=ernmental agenc. charged Dith the
resEonsiCilit. /or the en/orcement o/ that code;
?C> 'he tenant has comElained in good /aith to the landlord or a laD en/orcement agenc. o/ a
=iolation o/ this chaEter or o/ a sEeci/ic statute that imEoses a criminal Eenalt.;
?c> 'he tenant has organiGed or Cecome a memCer o/ a tenantOs union or similar organiGation;
?d> - citation has Ceen issued resulting /rom a comElaint descriCed in EaragraEh ?a>;
?e> 'he tenant has instituted or de/ended against a Iudicial or administrati=e Eroceeding or
arCitration in Dhich the tenant raised an issue o/ comEliance Dith the requirements o/ this chaEter
resEecting the haCitaCilit. o/ dDelling units;
?/> 'he tenant has /ailed or re/used to gi=e Dritten consent to a regulation adoEted C. the landlord,
a/ter the tenant enters into the rental agreement, Dhich requires the landlord to Dait until the
aEEroEriate time has elaEsed Ce/ore it is en/orceaCle against the tenant; or
?g> 'he tenant has comElained in good /aith to the landlord, a go=ernment agenc., an attorne., a
/air housing agenc. or an. other aEEroEriate Cod. o/ a =iolation o/ N$" %.,, to %.!,,
inclusi=e, or the )air 7ousing -ct o/ 9+%, 4! 3.".C. QQ 3+, et seq., or has otherDise e*ercised
rights Dhich are guaranteed or Erotected under those laDs.
!. 4/ the landlord =iolates an. Ero=ision o/ suCsection , the tenant is entitled to the remedies
Ero=ided in N$" %-.39, and has a de/ense in an. retaliator. action C. the landlord /or Eossession.
3. - landlord Dho acts under the circumstances descriCed in suCsection does not =iolate that
suCsection i/:
?a> 'he =iolation o/ the aEElicaCle Cuilding, housing or health code o/ Dhich the tenant
comElained Das caused Erimaril. C. the lacF o/ reasonaCle care C. the tenant, a memCer o/ his or her
household or other Eerson on the Eremises Dith his or her consent;
?C> 'he tenanc. is terminated Dith cause;
?c> - citation has Ceen issued and comEliance Dith the aEElicaCle Cuilding, housing or health
code requires alteration, remodeling or demolition and cannot Ce accomElished unless the tenantOs
dDelling unit is =acant; or
?d> 'he increase in rent aEElies in a uni/orm manner to all tenants.
'he maintenance o/ an action under this suCsection does not Ere=ent the tenant /rom seeFing damages
or inIuncti=e relie/ /or the landlordOs /ailure to comEl. Dith the rental agreement or maintain the
dDelling unit in a haCitaCle condition as required C. this chaEter.
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1ost Ero/its, lost goods, such as /ood, and the Cene/its o/ lost ser=ices, such as ad=ertising, are
e*amEles o/ losses that ma. constitute Hactual damagesH /or illegal e=iction. 4 :.$.".-. Q +,4?!>
?->. Degenhardt =. EDe 1td. 0artnershiE, !, :E !3, 3 -.3d 79, ?:e. !,>. Being an attorne. is
hard enough Dithout dealing Dith all o/ 0arF 'errace@s mal/easance. 0erhaEs i/ E' -1 e=er gathers
uE the gumEtion to hang out his oDn shingle the. Dill more /ull. aEEreciate that.
ANALYSIS
'enant@s reco=er. o/ damages /or emotional distress under 3ni/orm $esidential 1andlord and 'enant
-ct, + -.1.$.4th &!%; $ight o/ landlord legall. entitled to Eossession to disEossess tenant Dithout
legal Erocess, + -.1.$.3d 77; $eco=er. C. tenant o/ damages /or Eh.sical inIur. or mental anguish
occasioned C. Drong/ul e=iction, 7 -.1.$.!d 93+; & -m. 2ur. 0roo/ o/ )acts 3d 37&, 'enant@s $ights
and $emedies -gainst $etaliator. E=iction C. 1andlord. 99 -m. 2ur. 'rials !%9, $etaliator. E=iction
Claims.
E=idence suEEorted /inding that landlord@s e=iction o/ tenant Das retaliator. /or her comElaints
concerning Eersistent ElumCing EroClems and condition o/ common areas. N.$.".
%-.&,. 0aullin =. "utton, 9%+, 7!4 0.!d 749, ,! Ne=. 4!.
B. Da. o/ analog. to Je=iction millsK /or landlords, consider J)or e*amEle, aCuse o/ CanFruEtc.
Eroceedings C. renters Cecame so DidesEread in the Central District o/ Cali/ornia that JMiNn 99, 2.
Cli//ord 6allace, Chie/ 2udge o/ the Ninth Circuit Court o/ -EEeals, estaClished an -d 7oc
Committee on 3nlaD/ul Detainer and BanFruEtc. :ills to looF into EossiCle solutions to the Eractice
o/ aCusi=e /ilings to Ere=ent e=iction.K 2udge <eraldine :und, 3Edated $eEort o/ 3nlaD/ul Detainer
'asF )orce ?99!>. 'he committee /ound that CanFruEtc. JmillsK are a suCstantial cause o/ the
aCuse: 'he. churn out large numCers o/ Eetitions ?Dhich result in an automatic sta., /orestalling
e=iction>, Cut Eursue no /urther action. Estimates suggest that in the Central District alone, some
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!,,,,, to 4,,,,, such Eetitions are /iled e=er. .ear /or the sole EurEose o/ dela.ing the deCtor@s
e=iction. "ee id. at 7. -s those /amiliar Dith CanFruEtc. Eractice are onl. too Eain/ull. aDare, this
t.Ee o/ strategic maniEulation isn@t limited to renters@ Eetitions. "ee generall. :arc. 2.9. 'i//an.,
Crime and BanFruEtc., !4 BanFr.Ct.Dec. ?C$$>, at - ?"eEt. !, 993>.K
Awarding Attorney's Fees to Pro Se Litigants Under Rule 11, 2une, 997, 9& :ich. 1. $e=. !3,%,
2erem. D. "Eector. E' -1 cites no authorit. on this or an. other issue that li=es an.Dhere Ce.ond
/orm motion, temElate time, turn and Curn Eractice o/ laD. 6hile E' -1 did manage to cite the
"eller@s case, the. quotes no language /rom it and seemingl. maFes not attemEt to anal.Ge its ruling.
the. should ha=e. "ellers sEeaFs to aDards o/ attorne.@s /ees to Ere=ailing Earties in ci=il actions. 4t
does not EurEort to sEeaF to attorne.@s /ees aDards stemming /rom $ule =iolation, a situation
Dhere the granting o/ attorne.@s /ees to an attorne. Ero se litigant is /ar more acceEted throughout
-merican IurisErudence. "imEl. Eut, the "eller@s case is inaEElicaCle and E' -1 should stoE citing
cases Dhere the. clearl. has a =er. shalloD grasE o/ Dhat the. sEeaF to.
'o Dit:
Jstates that ha=e considered Dhether an attorne. EroEer Eerson litigant ma. Ce
aDarded attorne. /ees are di=ided, Dith a slight maIorit. Eermitting such /ees.
Decisions aEEro=ing /ee aDards to attorne. EroEer Eerson litigants generall. do so
on the Casis that an attorne. is Eaid /or rendering legal ser=ices, and i/ the. renders
such ser=ices on his oDn Cehal/, it results in as much Eecuniar. loss to him as i/
the. Eaid another attorne. to render the same ser=ices. "o, i/ a losing Eart. must
Ea. attorne. /ees an.Da., it should maFe no di//erence Dhether the /ees are to Ce
Eaid to an attorne. reEresenting himsel/ or another attorne. emElo.ed C. him. 4n
short, Ha laD.er@s time and ad=ice are his stocF in trade.H...6e interEret N$" +9.,3,
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to require that all EroEer Eerson litigants, Dhether attorne. or non(attorne., Ce
oCligated to Ea. attorne. /ees as a Ererequisite /or an aDard o/ Ere=ailing Eart.
attorne. /ees. 'his interEretation gi=es e//ect to the 1egislature@s clear intent that the
Ere=ailing Eart. in Iustice@s court Ce reimCursed C. the losing Eart. /or out(o/(
EocFet costs incurred to Erosecute the suit. 'o interEret the statute otherDise Dould
require us to rede/ine Dhat is meant C. an attorne. /ee, Dhich is commonl.
understood to Ce the sum Eaid or charged /or legal ser=ices. Because :attheDs
reEresented himsel/ and did not Ea. or incur an. oCligation to Ea. attorne. /ees, the
Iustice@s court e*ceeded its Iurisdiction C. aDarding such /ees. 6e there/ore grant,
in Eart, the Eetition /or a Drit o/ certiorari.K "ellers =. )ourth 2udicial Dist. Ct., 9
Ne=. !&+, 7 0 .3d 49& ?!,,3>.
N$" +9.,3, J0re=ailing Eart. alloDed attorne.@s /ee to Ce ta*ed as costs in Iustice court. 'he
Ere=ailing Eart. in an. ci=il action at laD in the Iustice courts o/ this "tate shall recei=e, in addition to
the costs o/ court as noD alloDed C. laD, a reasonaCle attorne. /ee. 'he attorne. /ee shall Ce /i*ed C.
the Iustice and ta*ed as costs against the losing Eart..K "o, E' -1@s Cig contriCution to the legal
research required to rule on this case is to cite "eller@s, Dhich does not sEeaF to Dhether a Ero se
attorne. can recei=e attorne.@s /ees Eursuant to a $ule sanction. 'he statute in=ol=ed does not
aEEl. here, either, Dhere a $ule "anction motion is in Ela.. )urther, e=en i/ it did aEEl., Dhich it
doesn@t, Coughlin did KEa. or incur an. oCligation to Ea. attorne. /eesK as the. has stated in the )act
section that the. Eaid to and incurred such an oCligation to himsel/. 6here :attheDs ma. ha=e not
Ceen e*act enough in his Eleadings, Coughlin has Ceen.
Coughlin has actuall., reasonaCl. and necessaril. incurred R&,,,, in the EreEaration o/ the Eleadings
the. has Eut /orth so /ar in this matter, and in dealing Dith E' -1@s regrettaCle, declasse conduct in
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this matter. E' -1 should Ce sanctioned in that amount, Elus an. /ees incurred in dra/ting a reEl. in
suEEort o/ this motion, and EreEaring /or and attending an. hearing. )urther, Coughlin hereC.
requests a hearing reElete Dith A JURY ?- $4<7' <3-$-N'EE B8 '7E 3N4'ED "'-'E"
"30$E:E C53$' EVEN 4N "3::-$8 EV4C'45N :-''E$", -N '7E$E 4" N5 15N<E$
2C$C0 ,+, "5 4 <E' -N -00E-1 '55T> on this matter to a=oid e=iction. 'here are e=identiar.
issues such as the amount o/ rent deductions agreed to, the amount o/ damages done C. 0arF
'errace@s landscaEing creD, thin sFulled tenant issues, etc.
67E$E)5$E, tenant, Zach Coughlin, Era.s that this Court rule that a summar. e=iction Eroceeding
is una=ailaCle to landlord here and aDard in e*cess o/ R,,,,, damages to 'enantACounterclaimant.
Dec(aratio$ #ade u$der "e$a(t of "er!ur/
I Dec(are* "ursua$t to NRS 03.040 t&at t&e fore)oi$) is true a$d correct a$d #ade u$der
"e$at( of "er!ur
A11IRMATI-N ,ursua$t to NRS 2334.030
'he undersigned does hereC. a//irm that the Ereceding document does not contain
the social securit. numCer o/ an. Eerson.
Dated this: )eCruar. !7th, !,!
UAsA Zach Coughlin
Zach Coughlin
'enantACounterclaimant
( 3 (
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,R--1 -1 SER5I+E
4, Zach Coughlin, declare:
5n )eCruar. !7th, !,!, 4, :r. Zach Coughlin ser=ed the /oregoing 'enant@s -nsDer and
-//ida=itADeclaration to 3, Da. No Cause E=iction, 'enant@s Counterclaim C. Elacing a true and
correct coE. hereo/ in the usEs mail, emailing, maFing all reasonaCle attemEts at Eersonall. ser=ing,
and /a*ing true coE. thereo/ to:
0arF 'errace 'oDnhomes 75-
cAo <a.le -gnes 9ern, Esq. and <a.le -. 9ern. 1td.
&4! 9ietGFe 1ane "uite !,,
$eno , NV %9&
'el: 77&(3!4(&93,
)a*: 77&(3!4(+73
ga.leFernVFernltd.com
0arF 'errace 'oDnhomes -ssn
cAo 6estern Ne=ada :anagement, 4nc.
$esidential, Commercial W -ssociation :anagement
"ue 9ing
0residentABroFerA"uEer=ising C:
%,4 :ill "treet, $eno, NV %9&,!
0h: 77&(!%4(4434
)a*: 77&(!%4(44+&
sueVDesternn=.com
DDD.Desternn=.com
in/oVDesternn=.com
$eno 2ustice Court, Ci=il Di=ision
". "ierra "t.
$eno, NV %9&,
Ci=il Di=ision )a*
?77&> 3!&(+7&
Dated this: )eCruar. !7th, !,!
(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((
Zach Coughlin, 'enant
( 3! (
'enant@s -nsDer and -//ida=itADeclaration to 3, Da. No Cause E=iction, 'enant@s Counterclaim
28




















JUSTICE COURT, RENO TOWNSHIP
Case No.
WASHOE County, Nevada
Name of LANDLORDS(s)
Department No.
Park Terrace Townhomes HOA
c/o Gayle Agnes Kern, Esq. and Gayle A.
Kern. Ltd.
5!" K#et$ke Lane %&#te !'' DEAND !OR
(eno , )* +,5"" JUR" TRIA#
Tel- ..5/0!/5,0'
1a2- ..5/0!/3".0
gaylekern4kernltd.com
Park Terrace Townhomes Assn
c/o 5estern )e6ada 7anagement, 8nc.
(es#dent#al, 9ommerc#al : Assoc#at#on
7anagement
%&e K#ng
Pres#dent/;roker/%&<er6#s#ng 97
+' 7#ll %treet, (eno, )* +,5'!
Ph- ..5/!+/0
1a2- ..5/!+/35
s&e4westernn6.com
www.westernn6.com
#n=o4westernn6.com
$ERSUS
Name of TENANTt(s)
>ach 9o&ghl#n,Esq.
)* ;ar )o- ,.0
"!! E. ,th %t. ?!
(eno, )* +,5"!
Tele- ..5/00+/+""+
1a2- ,,/33./.'!
Attorney =or Pro %e Attorney L#t#gant
TO: THE CLERK OF THE ABOVE-ENTITLED COURT
The TENANT, ZACH COUGHLIN hereby demand !ha! a !r"a# $% !he ab$&e-en!"!#ed a'!"$n be heard be%$re a ()ry* TENANT
COUGHLIN HEREB+ ,UB-IT, ALONG .ITH THI, DE-AND FOR A /UR+ TRIAL AN A00LICATION TO 0ROCEED IN
FOR-A 0AU0ERI,, AND NOTE, THAT TENANT COUGHLIN HA, BEEN GRANTED IF0 ,TATU, B+ THE R/C .ITHIN
THE LA,T 1 -ONTH,, AND THAT HI, FINANCIAL ,TATU, HA, ONL+ GOTTEN -ORE DIRE, LARGEL+ DUE TO THE
GOON ,2UAD ENTRENCHED IN -UCH OF OUR LOCAL GOVERN-ENT AND LA. ENFORCE-ENT* U3$n any den"a# $%
IF0 !a!) Tender 4"## be made !$ !he R/C "n h$r! $rder %$r !he %"r! day $% ()ry %ee and $r any $!her )m re5)"red $%
AN+BOD+ e#e*
"



Febr)ary 67!h, 6896
(Date) :Signature)
Or";"na#-F"#e C$3y-0#a"n!"%% C$3y-De%endan!
F$rm - 7 Re&"ed 7<99
!















JUSTICE COURT, RENO TOWNSHIP
WASHOE County, Nevada
Name of Plaintiff(s)
Park Terrace Townhomes HOA
c/o Gayle Agnes Kern, Esq. and Gayle A.
Kern. Ltd.
5!" K#et$ke Lane %&#te !''
(eno , )* +,5""
Tel- ..5/0!/5,0'
1a2- ..5/0!/3".0
gaylekern4kernltd.com
Park Terrace Townhomes Assn
c/o 5estern )e6ada 7anagement, 8nc.
(es#dent#al, 9ommerc#al : Assoc#at#on
7anagement
%&e K#ng
Pres#dent/;roker/%&<er6#s#ng 97
+' 7#ll %treet, (eno, )* +,5'!
Ph- ..5/!+/0
1a2- ..5/!+/35
s&e4westernn6.com
www.westernn6.com
#n=o4westernn6.com
$ERSUS
Name of Defendant(s)
>ach 9o&ghl#n,Esq.
)* ;ar )o- ,.0
"!! E. ,th %t. ?!
(eno, )* +,5"!
Tele- ..5/00+/+""+
1a2- ,,/33./.'!
Attorney =or Pro %e Attorney L#t#gant
Case No.
Department No.
DEAND !OR
JUR" TRIA#
CERTI!ICATION O! AI#IN%
The Under";ned 'er!"%"e $n !he 67TH day $% FEBRUAR+, 6896, a '$3y $% !he %$re;$"n; Demand %$r /)ry Tr"a# 4a ma"#ed !$ :
Park Terrace Townhomes HOA
c/o Gayle Agnes Kern, Esq. and Gayle A. Kern. Ltd.
5!" K#et$ke Lane %&#te !''
(eno , )* +,5""
Tel- ..5/0!/5,0'
1a2- ..5/0!/3".0
gaylekern4kernltd.com
Park Terrace Townhomes Assn
0








c/o 5estern )e6ada 7anagement, 8nc.
(es#dent#al, 9ommerc#al : Assoc#at#on 7anagement
%&e K#ng
Pres#dent/;roker/%&<er6#s#ng 97
+' 7#ll %treet, (eno, )* +,5'!
Ph- ..5/!+/0
1a2- ..5/!+/35
s&e4westernn6.com
www.westernn6.com
#n=o4westernn6.com by de3$"!"n; a '$3y "n !he Un"!ed ,!a!e -a"# "n an addreed ea#ed en&e#$3e, 3$!a;e 3re3a"d*
Da!e: FEBRUAR+ 67TH, 6896 Name: ZACH COUGHLIN
0er NR, =>*8?=, @I de'#are )nder 3ena#!y $% 3er()ry )nder !he #a4 $% !he ,!a!e $% Ne&ada !ha! !he %$re;$"n; " !r)e and '$rre'!*@
(Signature): AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
(Date): AAAAAAAAAAAAFEBRUAR+ 67TH, 6896AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
Or";"na#-F"#e C$3y-0#a"n!"%% C$3y-De%endan!
%$rm -7 Re&"ed 7<99

PARK TERRACE TOWNHOMES HOA ET AL
ZACH COUGHLIN
LANDLORD
TENANT/
COUNTERCLAIMANT
RENO JUSTICE
ZACH COUGHLIN, ESQ
NV BAR NO 9473
1422 E. 9TH ST #2
RENO, NV 89512
TEL 775 338 8118
FAX 969 667 7402
ZachCoughlin@hotmail.com
Tenant/Counterclaimant
XX
XXXXXXX
IN FLUX
APPROX.