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Pressure Temperature Rating (PT-Rating)

Rating of a piping component is designated by class followed by a dimensionless number(for example Class150 ). This is the very important term used to differentiate piping components in a specifications. Understanding of pressure temperature rating is very essential and mandatory for the study of piping engineering. Pressure temperature ratings are defined on the basis of definitions of design pressure and design temparature stated in code ASME B31.3 Design Pressure as per code ASME B31.3-2008(Revision of ASME B31.3-2006)states that as per para 301.2.1

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(a)The design pressure of each com ponent in a piping system shall be not less than the pressure at

the most severe condition of coincident internal or external pressure and tem perature (m inim um or m axim um ) expected during service, except as provided in para. 302.2.4. (b)The most severe condition is that which results in the greatest required component thickness and the highest component rating.

(refer ASME B31.3 for full definition,points (c) and (d) will complete the definition of code) Henceforth ,the maximum withstanding pressure of a piping component below its respective allowable stress depends on temperature and the greatest thickness computed. Co-incidental maximum pressure and temperature computed for the greatest thickness required, below its respective allowable stresses are selected(interpolated) below the range of pre-defined piping class of flange for the respective material in the standard.This range of series of coincidental pressure and temperature are tabulated in specification document for every material sheet for reference.

Notes: To calculate PT-Rating of any piping component, predefined class(predefined means ,values present in the standard ASME B16.5 were derived theorotically and substantiated by investigative work) of flange is considered because flanges are considered to be the weakest component in a piping system. If any failure of piping system should occur unfortunately, then its supposed to occur at flange. By knowing PT-Rating or class of a component its impossible to identify its design pressure or temperature.Hence PT-Rating for a particular material are therefore specified on each specification sheet to identify the range of co-incidental pressure and temperatures that the particular material and class can withstand.

Difference Between Design Pressure & Design Temperature in ASME B31.3 ,B31.3,B31.4,B31.8 ASME Pressure Piping Codes

Code

Design Pressure

Design Temperature
The piping shall be designed for a metal temperature representing the maximum

B31.1

The internal design pressure shall be not less than the maximum sustained operating pressure (MSOP) within the piping system including the effects of static head.

sustained condition expected. The design temperature shall be assumed to be the same as the fluid temperature unless calculations or tests support the use of other data, in which case the design temperature shall not be less than the average of the fluid temperature and the outside wall temperature. The design temperature of each component in a piping system is the temperature at which, under the coincident pressure, the greatest thickness or highest component rating is required in accordance with par. 301.2

The design pressure of each component in a piping system shall be not less than the pressure at the B31.3 most severe condition of coincident internal or external pressure and temperature expected during service, except as provided in par. 302.2.4. The piping component at any point in the piping system shall be designed for an internal design pressure which shall not be less than the maximum steady state operating pressure at that point, or B31.4 less than the static head pressure at that point with the line in a static condition. The maximum steady state operating pressure shall be the sum of the static head pressure, pressure required to overcome friction losses and any required back pressure. Design pressure is the maximum operating B31.8 pressure permitted by the Code, as determined by the design procedures applicable to the materials and locations involved.

The design temperature is the metal temperature expected in normal operation. It is not necessary to vary the design stress for metal temperatures between 20 F and 250 F.

No design temperature. The Code mentions only ambient temperature and ground temperature. (1975)

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