http://www.rapidtables.com/math/symbols/Basic_Math_Symbols.htm
20
Basic math symbols Algebra symbols Geometry symbols Statistical symbols Logic symbols Set symbols Calculus symbols Number symbols Greek symbols Roman numerals
RAPID TABLES
Mathematical Symbols
List of all mathematical symbols and signs - meaning and examples.
Basic math symbols Geometry symbols Algebra symbols Probability & statistics symbols Set theory symbols Logic symbols Calculus & analysis symbols Number symbols Greek symbols Roman numerals
= > < () [] + * /
mod
equals sign not equal sign strict inequality strict inequality inequality inequality parentheses brackets plus sign minus sign plus - minus minus - plus asterisk times sign multiplication dot division sign / obelus division slash horizontal line modulo period power caret square root cube root forth root n-th root (radical) percent per-mille per-million
equality inequality greater than less than greater than or equal to less than or equal to calculate expression inside first calculate expression inside first addition subtraction both plus and minus operations both minus and plus operations multiplication multiplication multiplication division division division / fraction remainder calculation decimal point, decimal separator exponent exponent
5 = 2+3 54 5>4 4<5 54 45 2 (3+5) = 16 [(1+2)*(1+5)] = 18 1+1=2 21=1 3 5 = 8 and -2 3 5 = -2 and 8 2*3=6 23=6 23=6 62=3 6/2=3
. ab a^b a 3 a 4 a n a %
ppm
a a = a
8 = 2 16 = 2
for n=3, n8 = 2 1% = 1/100 1 = 1/1000 = 0.1% 1ppm = 1/1000000 10% 30 = 3 10 30 = 0.3 10ppm 30 = 0.0003
1 of 9
15/04/2013 01:27
http://www.rapidtables.com/math/symbols/Basic_Math_Symbols.htm
ppb ppt
per-billion per-trillion
Geometry symbols
Symbol Symbol Name Meaning / definition Example
AB
angle measured angle spherical angle right angle degree arcminute arcsecond line line segment ray arc
ABC = 30
ABC = 30 AOB = 30
= 90 1 turn = 360 1 = 60 1 = 60
infinite line line from point A to point B line that start from point A arc from point A to point B perpendicular lines (90 angle) parallel lines equivalence of geometric shapes and size same shapes, not same size triangle shape distance between points x and y
= 90 = 60 = 6059' = 6059'59''
| || ~ | x-y |
rad grad
AC | BC AB || CD ABC XYZ ABC ~ XYZ ABC BCD | x-y | = 5 c = d = 2 r 360 = 2 rad 360 = 400 grad
= 3.141592654...
pi constant
is the ratio between the circumference and diameter of a circle
radians grads
Algebra symbols
Symbol Symbol Name Meaning / definition Example
x := ~ () [] {} x x x! |x| f (x)
x variable equivalence equal by definition equal by definition approximately equal approximately equal proportional to lemniscate much less than much greater than parentheses brackets braces floor brackets ceiling brackets exclamation mark single vertical bar function of x
unknown value to find identical to equal by definition equal by definition weak approximation approximation proportional to infinity symbol much less than much greater than calculate expression inside first calculate expression inside first set rounds number to lower integer rounds number to upper integer factorial absolute value maps values of x to f(x)
when 2x = 4, then x = 2
11 ~ 10 sin(0.01) 0.01
f(x) g(x)
2 of 9
15/04/2013 01:27
http://www.rapidtables.com/math/symbols/Basic_Math_Symbols.htm
(f g) (a,b) [a,b] e
function composition open interval closed interval delta discriminant sigma sigma capital pi e constant / Euler's number Euler-Mascheroni constant golden ratio
(f g) (x) = f (g(x))
( a , b ) = {x | a < x < b } [ a , b ] = {x | a x b }
change / difference
= b2 - 4ac
summation - sum of all values in range of series double summation product - product of all values in range of series
e = 2.718281828... = 0.527721566...
golden ratio constant
A B [] () |A| det(A) || x || AT A A* A -1
rank(A) dim(U)
dot cross tensor product inner product brackets parentheses determinant determinant double vertical bars transpose Hermitian matrix Hermitian matrix inverse matrix matrix rank dimension
ab ab AB
matrix of numbers matrix of numbers determinant of matrix A determinant of matrix A norm matrix transpose matrix conjugate transpose matrix conjugate transpose
A A-1 = I
rank of matrix A dimension of matrix A
P(A) P(A B) P(A B) P(A | B) f (x) F(x) E(X) E(X | Y) var(X) 2 std(X)
probability function probability of events intersection probability of events union conditional probability function probability density function (pdf) cumulative distribution function (cdf) population mean expectation value conditional expectation variance variance standard deviation
probability of event A probability that of events A and B probability that of events A or B probability of event A given event B occured
3 of 9
15/04/2013 01:27
http://www.rapidtables.com/math/symbols/Basic_Math_Symbols.htm
standard deviation value of random variable X middle value of random variable x covariance of random variables X and Y correlation of random variables X and Y correlation of random variables X and Y summation - sum of all values in range of series double summation value that occurs most frequently in population
X = 2
cov(X,Y) = 4 corr(X,Y) = 3 X , Y = 3
double summation mode mid-range sample median lower / first quartile median / second quartile upper / third quartile sample mean sample variance sample standard deviation standard score distribution of X normal distribution uniform distribution exponential distribution gamma distribution chi-square distribution F distribution
MR = (xmax+xmin)/2
half the population is below this value 25% of population are below this value 50% of population are below this value = median of samples 75% of population are below this value average / arithmetic mean population samples variance estimator population samples standard deviation estimator
zx = (x-x) / sx
distribution of random variable X gaussian distribution equal probability in range a,b
exp() gamma(c, ) 2(k) F (k1, k2) Bin(n,p) Poisson() Geom(p) HG(N,K,n) Bern(p)
f (x) = e-x , x0
f (x) = c xc-1e-x / (c), x0 f (x) = xk/2-1e-x/2 / ( 2k/2 (k/2) )
binomial distribution f (k) = nCk p k(1-p)n-k Poisson distribution f (k) = ke- / k! geometric distribution hyper-geometric distribution Bernoulli distribution
f (k) = p (1-p) k
Combinatorics Symbols
Symbol Symbol Name Meaning / definition Example
n! nPk
n Ck
factorial permutation
n! = 123... n
5! = 12345 = 120
5P3 = 5! / (5-3)! = 60
combination
5C3 = 5!/[3!(5-3)!]=10
{} AB AB
a collection of elements objects that belong to set A and set B objects that belong to set A or set B
4 of 9
15/04/2013 01:27
http://www.rapidtables.com/math/symbols/Basic_Math_Symbols.htm
subset proper subset / strict subset not subset superset proper superset / strict superset not superset power set power set equality complement relative complement relative complement symmetric difference symmetric difference element of not element of ordered pair cartesian product cardinality cardinality aleph-null aleph-one
subset has less elements or equal to the set subset has less elements than the set left set not a subset of right set set A has more elements or equal to the set B set A has more elements than set B set A is not a superset of set B all subsets of A all subsets of A both sets have the same members all the objects that do not belong to set A objects that belong to A and not to B objects that belong to A and not to B objects that belong to A or B but not to their intersection objects that belong to A or B but not to their intersection set membership no set membership collection of 2 elements set of all ordered pairs from A and B the number of elements of set A the number of elements of set A infinite cardinality of natural numbers set cardinality of countable ordinal numbers set
{9,14,28} {9,14,28} {9,14} {9,14,28} {9,66} {9,14,28} {9,14,28} {9,14,28} {9,14,28} {9,14} {9,14,28} {9,66}
aA xA (a,b) AB |A| #A
A={3,9,14}, 3 A A={3,9,14}, 1 A
U
0
empty set universal set natural numbers / whole numbers set (with zero) natural numbers / whole numbers set (without zero) integer numbers set rational numbers set
={}
set of all possible values
C = {}
= {0,1,2,3,4,...} = {1,2,3,4,5,...}
0 6 -6
Logic symbols
Symbol
Symbol Name
Meaning / definition
Example
^ & + | x' x
and caret / circumflex ampersand plus reversed caret vertical line single quote bar
5 of 9
15/04/2013 01:27
http://www.rapidtables.com/math/symbols/Basic_Math_Symbols.htm
! ~
not exclamation mark circled plus / oplus tilde implies equivalent for all there exists there does not exists therefore because / since
x !x xy ~x
if and only if
limit
epsilon e constant / Euler's number derivative second derivative nth derivative derivative second derivative nth derivative time derivative time second derivative partial derivative
e = 2.718281828...
derivative - Leibniz's notation derivative of derivative n times derivation derivative - Lagrange's notation derivative of derivative n times derivation derivative by time - Newton notation derivative of derivative
e = lim (1+1/x)x , x (3x3)' = 9x2 (3x3)'' = 18x (3x3)(3) = 18 d(3x3)/dx = 9x2 d2(3x3)/dx2 = 18x
(x2+y2)/x = 2x
opposite to derivation integration of function of 2 variables integration of function of 3 variables
[a,b] (a,b) i z* z
integral double integral triple integral closed contour / line integral closed surface integral closed volume integral closed interval open interval imaginary unit complex conjugate complex conjugate nabla / del vector unit vector
z = 3 + 2i z* = 3 + 2i z = 3 + 2i f (x,y,z)
x*y
Numeral symbols
6 of 9
15/04/2013 01:27
http://www.rapidtables.com/math/symbols/Basic_Math_Symbols.htm
Name zero one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen twenty thirty fourty fifty sixty seventy eighty ninety one hundred
European
Roman
Hindu Arabic
Hebrew
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII XIII XIV XV XVI XVII XVIII XIX XX XXX XL L LX LXX LXXX XC C
7 of 9
15/04/2013 01:27
http://www.rapidtables.com/math/symbols/Basic_Math_Symbols.htm
Roman numerals
ph ch ps o
Number
Roman numeral
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 5000 10000 50000 100000 500000 1000000
I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII XIII XIV XV XVI XVII XVIII XIX XX XXX XL L LX LXX LXXX XC C CC CCC CD D DC DCC DCCC CM M V X L C D M
See also
Algebra symbols Geometry symbols Statistical symbols Logic symbols Set theory symbols Calculus & analysis symbols Number symbols
8 of 9
15/04/2013 01:27
http://www.rapidtables.com/math/symbols/Basic_Math_Symbols.htm
9 of 9
15/04/2013 01:27