MAE First Aid Refresher Training

Occupational First Aid

Duties and Responsibilities Provision of First Aid Box Bleeding Bandages Burns Choking Stretcher For CPR (please refer to next PowerPoint for details)

Contents

Occupational First Aid

Duties and Responsibilities

Rendering first aid until medical help arrives (Check for your own safety) Keeping records of injuries Maintaining first-aid equipment and contents are replenished regularly Knowing the workplace and possible hazards Helping in accident prevention Updating knowledge of first-aid refresher course

Occupational First Aid

Universal Precautions
Use latex gloves, face shields and aprons when dealing with bleeding or large quantities of body fluids. If these are not available, do not touch blood, blood tinged saliva or the vomits of a victim with bare hands. Use clean dressings or cloths when applying pressure to a bleeding wound. When latex gloves are removed, always wash hands or other skin surfaces that may be contaminated with soap and water. Do not wash or reuse latex gloves. Dispose of them in proper containers or biohazard bags provided. Do not use gloves soiled with blood on another casualty as this may result in crosscontamination. Do not eat, drink or touch your mouth, nose or eyes when giving first aid. Do not touch objects that may have been soiled with blood. Be prepared by having a first-aid kit handy Use a mouth to mouth barrier device when doing CPR.

Occupational First Aid

Provision of First-Aid Boxes

Number of persons employed For every 25 or less For every 50 For every 100 Number and standard of First Aid boxes required One Box A One Box B or Two Box A One Box C or Two Box B or Four Box A

Occupational First Aid

Contents of First Aid Box B

S/N 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Contents Adhesive Dressing 10s Crepe Bandage, 5cm Crepe Bandage, 10cm Gauze 10s Plaster Roll, Triangular Bandage Dressing Scissor Safety Pin 12s Disposable Gloves Eye Shield Eye Pads with Loop Air Way (CPR) Steriwash, 15ml x 5s Pen Light Burnaid Dressing 4 x 4 Qty 4pkts 2rolls 3rolls 10pkts 1roll 4pkts 1 pr 1 bunch 2 prs 4ea 4ea 1pkt 3pkts 1pkt 1pkt Application For dressing of small wounds To bandage sprained areas To bandage sprained areas To clean wounds To hold dressing in place To support injured arm To cut gauze and bandages To hold ends of bandages together To be put on before applying dressing For protection of eye For protection of eye Used for mouth- to - mouth resuscitation To clean wounds To check on reaction of the eye For burn dressing

Note: For Lab which deals with hazardous chemicals, example ; Hydrofluoric Acid to include Calcium Carbonate Cream

Occupational First Aid

Adhesive Dressing Crepe Bandage 5cm and 10cm Gauze Plaster Roll Triangular Bandage

For dressing of small wounds

To bandage sprained areas

To clean wounds

To hold dressing in place

To support injured arm

Dressing Scissor

Safety Pin

Disposable Gloves

Eye Shield and Eye Pads with Loop

Air Way (CPR)

To cut gauze and bandages

To hold ends of bandages together

To be put on before applying dressing

For protection of eye

To be used for mouth to mouth resuscitation

Steriwash

Pen Light

Burnaid Dressing

To clean wounds

To check on the reaction of the eye

For burn dressing

Occupational First Aid

To replenish first aid supply

Progress Healthcare (PTE) LTD 345 Jalan Besar Singapore 208987 Tel : (65) 62975955 / Fax : (65) 62973103 E-mail : sales@progress.com.sg Website : www.progress.com.sg

Occupational First Aid

Bleeding
Bleeding or HAEMORRHAGE must be treated immediately as excessive bleeding can lead to shock and death

Occupational First Aid

Treatment
Cover the wound with a gauze or pad Apply direct pressure on the wound while elevating the limb If bleeding soaks through the gauze, add more dressings and continue to apply pressure until bleeding stops If bleeding is severe or does not improve, call for ambulance Prepare to treat for shock

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Spiral Bandage: To cover the gauze or pad after stopping bleeding Using crepe roller bandage

Start: 1. 2. Begin with 2 turns to secure the bandage. Spiral down by covering 2-thirds of previous bandage and leaving 1-third exposed.

End: 1. 2. Bandage until gauze or wound is covered. Complete with 2 turns and secure the ends with a tape.

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Elevated Sling: To keep arm in an elevated position Using triangular bandage
1. Place bandage over the arm 2. Wrap cloth around arm and twist side nearer to elbow

3. Tie the 2 ends together. 4. Reassess bandaging

For fractures or dislocations, Add a broad bandage across the arm to immobilize

Occupational First Aid

Scalp Bandage: To cover minor wounds and hold bandage Using Triangular bandage
2. Bring the two ends to the front of head

3. Tie the ends together

4. Tuck in any lose cloth

Occupational First Aid

Arm Sling: To support the upper and lower arm Using triangular bandage
1. Place bandage under the arm 2. Bring ends over and around the neck and tie

3. Twist at elbow side 4. Reassess bandaging

For fractures or dislocations, Add a broad bandage across the arm to immobilize

Occupational First Aid

Head and Jaw Bandage: For injuries to the head or jaw Using narrow bandage
1.Place short end of the narrow bandage behind first ear 2. Bring other around the head, going in front of the other ear

3. Place short end of the narrow bandage behind first ear

4. Tie the two ends together

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BURNS
There are 3 different types of BURNS 1. Thermal burns caused by heat 2. Chemical burns caused by corrosive of chemicals 3. Electrical burns caused by electrical shock BURNS are classified as 1. 1st degree Red, hot and painful 2. 2nd degree Red, mottled with blisters 3. 3rd degree White, leathery or charred and painless

Do NOT break blisters

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TREATMENT
Thermal Burns
C COOL with tepid water for at least 10 minutes C CONSTRICTORS like rings and watches to be removed C COVER lightly with a thin sheet or bandage C CONSULT a doctor for treatment

Do NOT apply toothpaste or butter

Chemical Burns
Call for ambulance immediately Flush with water for at least 30 minutes If victim clothes are contaminated, flush for 5 minutes first before removing the clothes and flushing for another 30 minutes

Electrical Burns
May cause fatal hear rhythms Person may also be thrown back Call for ambulance immediately Turn off power supply or use a broom to separate contact If no pulse, start CPR

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CHOKING
CHOKING A choking victim will 1. Display the Universal Sign of Choking 2. NOT be able to Speak, Breathe or Cough 3. Requires either the Heimlich Manoeuvre or Chest Thrusts to be performed APPROACH Are you choking? Victim nods Put hand on shoulder I can help

POSITION Go to the back of victim and place one foot in between victims legs Wrap fingers around thumb to form a fist

THRUST 1. Place fist 2 fingers above navel and lean victim forward 2. Place other hand behind fist 3. Perform Heimlich Manoeuvre (inwards/upwards thrusts)

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Stretcher

Stretcher preparation
Four man stretcher Team Two man stretcher Team

Occupational First Aid

For CPR please refer to another Power Point in the MAE staff folder