Buot, Geneva Mier T.

BEEd- Generalist

Cognitive and Metacognitive Factors

Nature of the Learning Process Goals of the Learning Process Construction of Knowledge Strategic Thinking Thinking About Thinking Context Learning

Motivational and Affective Factors

Motivational andEmotional Influences on Learning Intrinsic Motivation to Learn Effects of Motivation on Effort

LEARNER
Developmental and Social Factors

Developmental Influences on Learning Social Influences on Learning

Individual Differences Factors

Individual Differences in learning Learning and Diversity Standards and Assessment

Figure 1 LEARNER-CENTERED PSYCHOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES

FACTORS

LEARNER CENTERED PRINCIPLES Nature of the Learning Process

DETAILS The Learner Learns most effectively when it is an intentional process of constructing meaning from information and experience Must have SMART goals. May reach long term goals by deepening understanding of short term goals. Widens and deepens knowledge as they continue relating new knowledge and experiences with the old. Unless this is done, new knowledge becomes isolated, useless, and forgotten. Must be capable of creating and using strategies to learn, achieve goals and apply knowledge in novel situations. Can improve strategies by reflecting & receiving guided feedback. Applies metacognition. Can generate solutions when problems that slow down progress come up. Learning environment must cater to the level and needs of the learners to achieve optimum learning. Emotional quotient, state of mind and personal outlook on him/her affects motivation to learn, information processing and quality of thinking. Stimulated by tasks that a learner personally finds interesting, challenging, and relevant and which he/she has full confidence of accomplishing, or at least worth Teachers Role Emphasize use of intentional different learning processes. Assist learners in creating SMART goals. Assist learners in acquiring and integrating knowledge (Through strategies such as concept mapping, thematic organization or categorizing). Assist learners in developing, applying and assessing their strategic learning skills.

Goals of the Learning Process

COGNITIVE AND METACOGNITIVE

Construction of Knowledge

Strategic Thinking

Thinking About Thinking

Context of Learning

MOTIVATIONAL AND AFFECTIVE

Motivational and Emotional Influences on Learning

Help learners develop metacognitive strategies. Plays a major interactive role with both learners and learning environment. Provide positive motivation.

Intrinsic Motivation to Learn

Encourage and supports learners curiosity & motivation.

the effort. Effects of Motivation on Effort Without motivation, willingness to exert effort will be unlikely without coercion and will lead to unachieved goals. Material must cater to ones mental level. Learning process influenced by home, prior schooling, culture, community and adult communication and interaction. Quality social relationships encourage flexible thinking and social competence that lead to higher levels of cognitive and moral development and selfesteem. Are born with and develop own capabilities, talents and learning preferences through learning and acculturation. Learning is enhanced when learners perceive that their differences are valued, respected, and accommodated. Setting high standards challenge earners to work towards reaching them. Assessments provide useful information on ones progress & achievement levels which one uses to improve ones self appraisal skills, motivation and self-directed learning. Be concerned with facilitating motivation strategies. Become aware and understand developmental differences.

DEVELOPMENTAL AND SOCIAL Developmental Influences on Learning

Social Influences

Provide positive learning climates.

Individual Differences in Learning

Provide interactive and collaborative instruction. Value, respect and accommodate learners diverse backgrounds in learning activities. Have guided assessments.

INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES Learning and Diversity

Standards and Assessment