BOOK OF ABSTRACT

The 3

rd

ITB Catalysis Symposium

Bandung, 3-4 September 2013

Sponsored by:

Supported by:

Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Sciences

This proceeding was compiled by Arie Hardian & Arif Maulana

Information contained in this proceeding is correct at this time of the copy deadline of 26 August 2013

SPONSORED BY

Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Institut Teknologi Bandung

SUPPORTED BY

ORGANIZING COMMITTEE
Chairman Secretary Treasurer Program Coordinators Website : Dr. Rino R. Mukti : Dr. Yessi Permana : Dr. Irma Mulyani : Dr. Aep Patah and Mr. Arie Hardian : http://itbcatalysis.itb.ac.id

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Tuesday, 3 September 2013

Time 08.00 09.00 09.00 09.15 09.15 09.45 09.45 10.15 10.15 10.30 10.30 11.15 11.15 12.00 12.00 13.30 13.30 14.00 14.00 14.30 14.30 14.45 14.45 15.00 15.15 15.30 15.30 16.30 Activity Registration Welcome Speech from the Dean FMIPA ITB and Seminar Chair Keynote Lecture1: Prof. Taufiq Yap Yin Hun REAXYS-ELSEVIER (Dr. Pei Shan) Poster Presentation and Coffee Break Keynote Lecture 2: Prof.Hideshi Hattori Keynote Lecture 3: Prof. Toru Wakihara Lunch Break Keynote Lecture 4: Dr. Jean Rene Bernard Oral Presentation1: Dr. Rodiansono Oral Presentation2: M.Arif A. Aziz Oral Presentation3: Nur Hidayatul N.K. Oral Presentation4: N.A. Mijan Poster Presentation and Coffee Break

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Wednesday, 4 September 2013

Time 09.00 09.45 09.45 10.30 10.30 11.00 11.00 11.30 11.30 12.00 12.00 13.30 13.30 13.45 13.45 14.00 14.00 14.15 14.15 14.30 14.30 14.45 14.45 15.00 15.00 15.15 15.15 16.15 16.15 16.45 Activity Keynote Lecture 5: Dr. Yessi Permana Keynote Lecture 6: Dr. Istadi Poster Presentation and Coffee Break Keynote Lecture 7:Dr. Rudolf Rauch Oral Presentation5 Dr. Indri Badria Adilina Lunch Break Oral Presentation6: Nurul Suziana Oral Presentation7: Norzahir Sapawe Oral Presentation8 Z. Shazana Oral Presentation9: Iman Abdullah Oral Presentation10: Dr. A. Herry Cahyana Oral Presentation11: Syahrul Khairi Oral Presentation12: Muhammad Yusuf Poster Presentation and Coffee Break Best Poster Prize and Closing Ceremony

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INTERNATIONAL ADVISORY BOARDS

INDONESIA Institut Teknologi Bandung Prof. Dr. Ismunandar Prof. Dr. Mikrajuddin Abdullah Prof. Dr. Khairurrijal Dr. Subagjo Dr. I Nyoman Marsih Dr. Ferry Iskandar Dr. IGBN Makertirtha Dr. Melia L. Gunawan Universitas Dipenogoro Dr. Istadi Dr. Didi Dwi Anggoro Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Dr. Hamzah Fansuri Dr. Didik Prasetyoko Pertamina Dr. Hery Haerudin MALAYSIA Ibnu Sina Institute for Fundamental Science Studies-UTM Prof. Dr. Hadi Nur Prof. Dr. Salasiah Endud Dr. Sugeng Triwahyono Dr. Zainab Ramli Dr. Leny Yuliati Dr. Hendrik O. Lintang

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JAPAN The University of Tokyo Prof. Dr. Tatsuya Okubo Dr. Atsushi Shimojima Dr. Masaru Ogura Chiba University Prof. Dr. Shogo Shimazu USA University of Florida Prof. Dr. Stephen A. Miller University of Massachusetts Amherst Dr. Wie Fan Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Dr. Wendy Shaw GERMANY nchen Technische Universitt Mu Prof. Dr. Johannes A. Lercher Dr. Andreas Jentys Westfalische Wilhelms-Universitat Munster Dr. Eko Adi Prasetyanto INDIA VIT University Dr. K. K. Cheralathan

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LIST OF ABSTRACT:

ABSTRACTS FOR KEYNOTE LECTURES AT 3RD ITB CATALYSIS SYMPOSIUM

K 01 CONVERSION OF LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS INTO RENEWABLE BIOENERGY AND CHEMICALS BY

HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSIS Y.H. Taufiq-Yap .................................................................................... 4 K 02 SOLID BASE CATALYSIS; BASIC SITE GENERATION AND CATALYSIS IN ORGANIC REACTIONS Hideshi Hattori ..................................................................................... 5 K 03 BEAD-MILLING AND POST-MILLING

RECRYSTALLIZATION: AN ORGANIC TEMPLATE-FREE METHODOLOGY FOR THE PRODUCTION OF NANOZEOLITE CATALYST Toru Wakihara ...................................................................................... 6 K 04 REFORMING OF LIGHT NAPHTHA WITH Pt/L ZEOLITE CATALYSTS J.R. Bernard .......................................................................................... 8 K 05 SYNTHETIC STRATEGIES FOR ALIPHATIC POLYESTERS USING COBALT COMPLEXES Yessi Permana ..................................................................................... 11

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K 06 HYBRID PLASMA-CATALYTIC REACTOR FOR HYDROGEN AND HIGHER HYDROCARBONS PRODUCTIONS FROM METHANE AND CARBON DIOXIDE I. Istadi ................................................................................................ 13

ABSTRACTS FOR ORAL PRESENTATION AT 3RD ITB CATALYSIS SYMPOSIUM

O 01 DEVELOPMENT OF NANOPOROUS Ni-Sn ALLOY AND APPLICATION FOR CHEMOSELECTIVE HYDROGENATION OF FURFURAL TO FURFURYL ALCOHOL Rodiansono, Takayoshi Hara, Nobuyuki Ichikuni, and Shogo Shimazu .............................................................................................. 17 O 02 CO2 METHANATION ON Ni-BASED MESOSTRUCTURED SILICA NANOPARTICLES M.A.A. Aziz, A.A. Jalil, S. Triwahyono, Y.H. Taufiq-Yap, and N.H.N Kamarudin .............................................................................. 18 O 03 EVALUATION OF LINEAR ALKANE

HYDROISOMERIZATION OF C5C7 OVER MoO3ZrO2 AND Pt/MoO3ZrO2 CATALYSTS S. Triwahyono, A.A. Jalil, N.N. Ruslan, H.D. Setiabudi, M.A.A. Aziz, S.N. Timmiati, A.H. Karim, and N.H.N. Kamarudin ................ 19

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O 04 TRANSESTERIFICATION OF PALM OIL CATALYZED VIA HETEROGENOUS MERETRIX CATALYSIS SHELL USING VIA MODIFIED HYDRATION

MERETRIX

TECHNIQUE FROM DIFFERENT TIME WATER TREATMENT PROCESS Yun Hin Taufiq-Yap, and N.A Mijan .................................................. 20 O 05 OXIDATION OF GLUCOSE TO GLUCONIC ACID UNDER MOLECULAR OXYGEN CATALYZED BY

Pd-INCORPORATED TITANATES PREPARED IN MOLTEN SALTS Indri Badria Adilina, Mai Takioka, Nobuhiro Kumada, and Shogo Shimazu .............................................................................................. 21 O 06 CATALYTIC PYROLYSIS OF EMPTY FRUIT BUNCHES DERIVED PYROLYTIC VAPORS OVER MICROPOROUS ZSM-5 WITH INCORPORATION OF BARIUM N. M. Nurul Suziana, Y.H Taufiq-Yap, and Y. Suzana........................ 22 O 07 MODIFICATION OF Zr SUPPORTED HY ZEOLITE-BASED PHOTOCATALYST METHYLENE BLUE N. Sapawe, A.A. Jalil, and S. Triwahyono......................................... 23 O 08 TRANSESTERIFICATION OF PALM OIL TO BIODIESEL USING NiO/CaO AS HETEROGENOUS BASE CATALYSTS Z. Shazana, E.N. Muhamad, and Y.H. Taufiq-Yap ............................. 24 FOR DECOLORIZATION OF

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O 09 SYNTHESIS OF POROUS SILICA BY CO-MET TECHNIQUE USING PEG/ACRYLAMIDE AS TEMPLATE FOR CATALYST SUPPORT REACTION Iman Abdullah, David Chandra Pandapotan, Widyastuti Samadi, and Ridla Bakri ................................................................................... 25 O 10 PRENYLATION (GARCINIA OF XANTHONE-RICH BY MANGOSTEEN OF BENZALDEHYDE AND METHANOL

MANGOSTANA)

HETEROGENEOUS

CATALYSIS Na/NaOH/ -AL2O3 AND ITS ANTIOXIDANT EFFECT Herry Cahyana, Widajanti Wibowo, and Farah D. Hasanah ............... 26 O 11 CHEMOSELECTIVE HYDROGENATION OF UNSATURATED CARBONYL COMPOUNDS BY USING SUPPORTED

NICKEL-TIN ALLOY CATALYSTS Syahrul Khairi, Rodiansono, Takayoshi Hara, Nobuyuki Ichikuni and Shogo Shimazu ............................................................................ 27 O 12 DFT GUIDED-POLYMERIZATION OF -PINENE USING ZIRCONIUM -DIKETONATES M. Yusuf, Y. Permana, Ismunandar, I. M. Arcana, and M. A. Martoprawiro ...................................................................................... 28

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ABSTRACTS FOR KEYNOTE LECTURES AT 3RD ITB CATALYSIS SYMPOSIUM

P 01 ELECTROSYNTHESIS FOR GROWN ZnO NANOPARTICLES DEPOSITED ONTO HY ZEOLITE FOR ENHANCED

DECOLORIZATION OF ORGANIC DYES A.A. Jalil, N. Sapawe, and S. Triwahyono ......................................... 33 P 02 SYNTHESIS OF ZEOLITE ZSM-5 WITH A VARIATION OF THE MOLAR CONCENTRATION OF H2O Ana Hidayati Mukaromah, Buchori, and Rino R. Mukti .................... 34 P 03 SYNTHESIS OF NiO/SiO2 USING AMINO-SUBSTITUTED ALKOXISILANE BY SOL-GEL METHOD Arif Maulana, I Nyoman Marsih and Irma Mulyani........................... 35 P 04 THE USAGE OF INDONESIA PALM EMPTY BUNCH ASH AS A CATALYST OF WATER HYDROLYSIS REACTION WITH ALUMINUM FOR HYDROGEN PRODUCTION Erlindawati, Triandi Kuseno, Adhitiyawarman, Andi Hairil Alimuddin, and Syahrul Khairi .......................................................... 36 P 05 ELECTROSYNTHESIZED OF CuO/HY CATALYST FOR ENHANCED PHOTODECOLORIZATION OF MALACHITE GREEN N.W.C. Jusoh, A.A. Jalil, M.A.H. Satar, S. Triwahyono, H.D. Setiabudi, N.H.N. Kamarudin, N.F. Jaafar, N. Sapawe, and R. Jusoh ................................................................................................... 37

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P 06

STUDY SUPPORT

ON

HETEROGENEOUS SILICA AS

CATALYSISUSING AN ALTERNATIVE

SOLID

HOMOGENEOUS CATALYSIS IN NITRATION OF EUGENOL Herry Cahyana A., Widajanti Wibowo, and Fikri Sultoni .................. 38 P 07 FeCl3 AND HSO3CF3 IMPREGNATED ON POROUS SILICA AS HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSTS FOR BENZALDEHYDE AND ETHANOL REACTION Widyastuti Samadi, Arvinda Widyana, Iman Abdullah, and Ridla Bakri ................................................................................................... 39 P 08 HIERARCHICALLY POROUSMFIZEOLITESSYNTHESIZED CRYSTALLIZATION

THROUGHSTEAM-ASSISTED METHOD WITH SEEDING

Mita Rilyanti,Rino R. Mukti, Masaru Ogura, Hadi Nurand Ismunandar ......................................................................................... 40 P 09 MFI ZEOLITE SYNTHESIS USING CYCLIC KETAL

COMPOUNDS AS GREEN STRUCTURE-DIRECTING AGENT Dyah Y. Hidayat, Rino R. Mukti, and Didin Mujahidin ..................... 42 P 10 INVESTIGATING THE MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGE OF HIERARCHICALLY POROUS MFI ZEOLITE SYNTHESIZED BY USING ECONOMIC ORGANIC MESOPOROUS-

GENERATING COMPOUND Lutfi Firmansyah, Dedi Sutarma, Veinardi Suendo, and Rino R. Mukti, ................................................................................................. 43

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FIRST ATTEMPT ON THE ZEOLITE SYNTHESIS USING HEXAMETHYLENETETRAMINE STRUCTURE-DIRECTING AGENT David D. Suhendi1, Rino R. Mukti1, and Yana M. Syah2 ................... 44 AS ORGANIC

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Keynote Lectures ABSTRACT

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Prof. Hideshi Hattori Catalysis Research Center Hokkaido University Japan Dr. Jean Rene Bernard TOTAL Professeur Associe France

Dr. Rudolf Rauch r Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) Desutche Gesellschaft fu and ASEAN Centre for Energy Germany Prof. Toru Wakihara The University of Tokyo Japan

Prof. Dr. Taufiq Yap Yun Hin Universiti Putra Malaysia Malaysia

Dr. Istadi Universitas Dipenogoro Indonesia Dr. Yessi Permana Institut Teknologi Bandung Indonesia

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K 01

CONVERSION OF LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS INTO RENEWABLE BIOENERGY AND CHEMICALS BY HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSIS
Y.H. Taufiq-Yap1,2
1

Catalysis Science and Technology Research Centre, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia 2 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. taufiq@upm.edu.my

Future global prosperity will depend on new or improved processes that are economically and environmentally sustainable. This is the paradigm shift of the early 21st century, driven by the threat of climate change and the increasing scarcity of raw materials. Catalysis has a leading role in many chemistry solutions, as the key enabling science in some cases, and as part of general technology in others. Catalysis is used widely within chemical production (petro- and oleo- chemical), power production, refinery processes, conversion of natural gasses, agro chemistry, pharmaceutical processes, polymer and material production and biotechnology. The economic impact of catalysis is perhaps best illustrated by the fact that 20-25% of the gross national products in the industrialized world involved heterogeneous catalysis. Many of the major problem society is encountering, such as the need to create production in balance with the environment, better use of fuels, more economical energy production and the reduction of green house gasses (mainly CH4 and CO2), which will require solutions where catalysts play an significant role. The development of new catalysts and catalytic processes can open up new selective chemical processes which may lead green processes with a considerable reduction of undesired by-products or waste products. The lecture will discuss on the challenges in the development of catalytic conversion for efficient utilization of biomass for sustainable supply of bioenergy and chemicals.

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SOLID BASE CATALYSIS; BASIC SITE GENERATION AND CATALYSIS IN ORGANIC REACTIONS
Hideshi Hattori Catalysis Research Center, Hokkaido University Environmental impacts should be taken into account for development of industrial chemical processes both at present and in future. One of the effective improvements will be achieved by replacement of homogeneous catalytic systems by heterogeneous catalytic systems. This is particularly true with the processes involving acid- and base catalyzed reactions. Applications of homogeneous acid and base catalyst systems cause unavoidable problems with corrosion of reactors, separation and recycling of the catalysts, high costs for waste disposal and waste water treatment. At the end of reactions, the catalysts should be neutralized to form metal salts in most cases, which produces a large amount of by-products. In contrast to the extensive studies and applications of solid acid catalysts, fewer efforts have been devoted to solid base catalysts. Based on the fundamental studies of solid base catalysts, which started in 70 s, industrial applications of solid base catalysts have been appearing for the last two decades. Applications of solid base catalysts are all in petrochemical processes, no petroleum refining processes utilize solid base catalysts. Nevertheless, there is a great demand for solid base catalysts to be utilized in chemical processes, in particular in the areas of the organic synthesis of fine and intermediate chemicals. In the present lecture, I will discuss the generation of basic sites, types of solid base catalysts, catalysis of solid base catalysts in fundamental reactions, and applications of solid base catalysts in industrial processes.

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K 03

BEAD-MILLING AND POST-MILLING RECRYSTALLIZATION: AN ORGANIC TEMPLATE-FREE METHODOLOGY FOR THE PRODUCTION OF NANOZEOLITE CATALYST
Toru Wakihara The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyoku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan wakihara@chemsys.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp A new method for the production of nanosized zeolite powder by a top-down approach has been performed. [1,2] In this study, ZSM-5 (MFI type structure) was first milled to produce a nanopowder. This technique can destroy the outer portion of the zeolite framework, which lowers the micropore volume of ZSM-5 zeolite. To remedy this, the damaged part was recrystallized using a dilute aluminosilicate solution after bead milling. From the combined bead milling and post-milling recrystallization, nanosized ZSM-5 zeolite approximately 50 nm in size with high crystallinity was obtained successfully. Commercial ZSM-5 was milled using a bead milling apparatus (Minicer, Ashizawa Finetech, Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) for 2-6hours. Recrystallization of the milled ZSM-5 was performed using dilute silicate solution with the composition of 0.0525 Na2O : 0.117 SiO2 : 10.0 H2O. The importance of this particular ratio is that it provides a solution nearly in equilibrium with ZSM5. This means that ZSM-5 neither undergoes macroscopic growth nor dissolution. Under these conditions, the remaining ZSM-5 crystallites act as seeds and the poorly crystalline parts of the milled ZSM-5 are more easily recrystallized back onto the ZSM-5, resulting in a more ordered product. Obtained samples were evaluated as acid-catalysts for cumene cracking. The test reactions were conducted so that diffusion through the zeolite pore structure was the rate-determining step of the catalytic reaction. As a result, ZSM-5 zeolite powder showed a higher catalytic activity in cumene cracking in comparison with the raw ZSM-5 zeolite. Furthermore, the decrease in crystal size suppresses catalyst deactivation through coke deposition during cumene cracking.

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References: [1] T. Wakihara et al.,Crystal Growth & Design, 11, 955-958 (2011). [2] T. Wakihara et al.,Crystal Growth & Design, 11, 5153-5158 (2011).

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K 04

REFORMING OF LIGHT NAPHTHA WITH Pt/L ZEOLITE CATALYSTS

J.R. Bernard Total Professor Associates 11 rue des sycomores, 69500 Bron, France; bernard.gibs@free.fr One of the most recent breakthrough in industrial catalysis for petrochemicals is the direct conversion of hexanes to benzene using Platinum deposited on alkaline L zeolite. This latter owns non interconnected channels with a pore limiting diameter of 0.81 nm and with a largest cavity diameter of 0.107 nm. The discovery was done within the labs of the French Elf Aquitaine Company which merged later with Total Oil Company. The purpose of the research was initially to dehydrogenate selectively n-paraffins. During this period, an already known phenomenon was rediscovered, the dehydrocyclization properties of Pt/alkaline X and Y zeolites. The research was extended to other medium/large pores zeolites. Thus was discovered the unique properties of Platinum on Potassium exchanged L zeolite for hexane aromatization to benzene. Elf Aquitaine did not want to develop the process so the discovery was published in 1980 [1]. At that time, it was recognized that the catalysis was done only by the metal, since any introduction of acidity was detrimental to selectivity and stability. The first fundamental studies [2] suggested that Pt could be modified by an electronic interaction with the alkaline carrier. It was also obvious that the activity was limited by internal diffusion within the zeolite crystal. This was also detrimental to selectivity and to cycle length. Indeed this cycle length was too short to envisage a commercial application. Then the patents were sold to several other companies which were able to develop the process with varying degrees of success. A lot of applied and fundamental research was done to develop a commercial catalyst and to explain the unusual activity and selectivity of the Pt/KL catalyst. An alternative catalyst using Barium exchanged L zeolite as the carrier was found to exhibit comparable performances. This carrier is

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recognized to be no more acid than the KL one. Three non exclusive hypothesis are now proposed to explain the role of the zeolite: Zeolite channels are stabilizing small metal particles (< 0.7 nm) under reaction conditions. The high selectivity could be due to an electronic transfer from zeolite to Pt [2,3]. The channel structure of the L zeolite may impose a terminal adsorption mechanism of n-hexane on Pt. This would favor dehydrocyclization to benzene [4,5]. It is demonstrated that the channels of the L zeolite inhibit sterically bimolecular reactions leading to intracrystalline coke [6]. And selectivity would be better on clean Pt surface. Despite this stabilization effect, the first catalysts suffered from rapid deactivation for two reasons: 1. The molecular traffic of reactants and products within the 0.7 nm diameter mono-dimensional pore system containing Pt clusters may introduce limitation by diffusion. Thus the zeolite synthesis must be optimized to produce short channeled zeolite crystals. Any coke formation within the crystal deactivates quickly the catalyst by pore plugging. Any Pt excess would have a similar effect as brightly discussed by Treacy [7]. 2. The catalysts are extremely sensible to sulfur poisoning which provokes Pt sintering, leading to channel blockage [8]. Thus the sulfur content of feed must be smaller than 50 ppb. Because of this very severe specification, the furnaces upstream the industrial reactors must be prevented from metal dusting. This is a key point for the success of the commercial operation. References: [1] J.R. Bernard, in: L.V.C. Rees Ed., Proc. 5th Int. Zeolite Conf., Napoli, Heyden, London, 1980, 686 [2] C. Besoukhanova, D. Barthomeuf, J.R. Bernard et al., J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 1 (1981) 1595 [3] P. V. Menacherry, G. L. Hallert, J. Catalysis 177 (1998) 175 [4] S.J. Tauster, J.J. Steger, J. Catal. 125 (1990) 387.

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K 04
[5] E.C. Derouane, D.J. Vanderveken, Appl. Catal. 45 (1988) L15 [6] E. Iglesia, J.E. Baumgartner, Preprints, 10th Int. Congress on Catalysis, Budapest, (1992) 157 [7] M.M.J. Treacy /Microporous and Mesoporous Materials 28 (1999) 271 [8] G.B. McVicker, J.L. Kao, J.J. Ziemiak, W.E. Gates, J. Robbins, M.M.J. Treacy, S.B. Rice, T.H. Vanderspurt, V.R. Cross, A.K. Ghosh, J. Catal. 139 (1993) 48.

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SYNTHETIC STRATEGIES FOR ALIPHATIC POLYESTERS USING COBALT COMPLEXES

Yessi Permana Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Research Division, Institut Teknologi Bandung yessi@chem.itb.ac.id Aliphatic polyesters such as poly(hydroxyalkanoate)s (PHA) have a degradable character and are generally derived from microorganisms. Synthetic strategies towards such polyesters are of highly importance to contribute the demand of PHA-based materials in medical device applications. The strategy involves the copolymerization of carbon monoxide (CO) with cyclic ethers or with olefin alcohols. Polymerization of oxetanes/CO catalyzed by cobalt phosphine complexes (AcCo(CO) 3[P(ptolyl)3]and AcCo(CO)3[P(OPh)3]) has been reported to give poly(-lactone) (which is known to be difficult to produce from a ring opening polymerization of thermodynamically stable -lactone) with 63% of CO incorporation in the polymer unit.1
O OC y OC L Co 2a : L = P(OPh)3 CO 2b : L = P(p-tolyl) 3

OMe Co complex 2 O 1 + CO 80 bar 1/2 = 200, 12 h O

OMe O O x

OMe

Longer aliphatic polyester was reported to produce by a copolymerization of undec-10-en-1-ol and carbon monoxide at high CO pressure of 190 bar using Co2(CO)8/pyridine catalyst adduct.2 In this work we describe an alternative route in the copolymerization of undecenol/CO with lower CO pressure (up to 40 bar) using a hydride cobalt complex prepared in situ from Co2(CO)8/H2.3 We observed a formation of solid polymers which was hardly soluble in most organic solvents.

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HO
m m = 1 or 9

Co2(CO)8 (5 mol%) + CO/H2 O

m

O n

An attempt to explain the mechanistic route was carried out by a DFT/B3LYP computational method using a cc-pvDZ basis set for all atoms. Calculation results showed that activation energy of an associative pathway was lower than a dissociative pathway. However, the calculation of theoretical reaction rate for dissociative pathway was much higher than the associative one. The activation energy of 2,1-insertion step was observed to be higher than the olefin 1,2-insertion step which was also in good agreement with previous experimental results. Reference [1] Y. Permana, K. Nakano, D. Watanabe, K. Nozaki, Chem.Asian.J.2008, 3, 710718. [2] D. Quinzler; S. Mecking, Chem. Commun.2009, 36, 54005402; (b) T.H. Steinke; H-H. Goertz; S. Mecking; D. Quinzler, Eur. Patent. Appl. 2010, EP 2258743 A2 20101208 [3] Y. Permana, N. I. Pratiwi, Arifin, H.W.Wijaya, Polymerization Process of Undecenol and Syngas at Low Pressure Using Cobalt Catalyst, submitted for HaKI, P00201200660, Aug 2012.

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HYBRID PLASMA-CATALYTIC REACTOR FOR HYDROGEN AND HIGHER HYDROCARBONS PRODUCTIONS FROM METHANE AND CARBON DIOXIDE
I. Istadi Laboratory of Process Engineering and Energy, Department of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University, Jln. Prof. Soedarto, Kampus Undip Tembalang, Semarang, Indonesia 50275 Plasma-chemical methods for hydrogen production from natural gas such as methane through methane decomposition, partial oxidation and/or steam reforming processes are considered among the most promising. The effect of plasma may consist both in gas heating and in generation of chemically active species (excited molecules, radicals, ions, electrons) in collisions of gas molecules with electrons. Therefore, the plasma processing of hydrocarbon gases due to production of active species could be energetically effective only in the case if these active species are capable of participating in chain reactions, that is, to serve as catalysts. When a gas phase consisting electrically neutral species, electrons, ions and other excited species flow through the catalyst bed, the catalyst particles become electrically charged. The charge on the catalyst surface, together with other effects of excited species in the gas discharge leads to the variations of electrostatic potential of the catalyst surface. The chemisorption and desorption performances of the catalyst therefore may be modified in the catalyst surface. Effects of these modifications on methane conversion are dependent on the amount and concentration of surface charge and the species present at the catalyst surface. The combining plasma discharge and a heterogeneous catalyst are possible to activate the reactants in the discharge prior to the catalytic reaction, which should have positive influences on the reaction conditions. Since most of the energetic electrons are required to activate the CH4 and CO2 gases in a discharge gap, special consideration must be taken in the designing a reactor that maximizes the contact time between the energetic electrons and the neutral feed gas species. The catalyst located in the discharge gap is an alternative way to increase the time and area of contact between gas molecules and energetic electrons in addition to other modification of electronic properties. The combined action of catalysts and a nonequilibrium

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K 06
gas discharge leads to an alternative method for production of syngas/hydrogen and hydrocarbons from CH4 and CO2.

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Oral Presentation ABSTRACT

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Catalysis for Sustainable Energy and Environment

O 01

DEVELOPMENT OF NANOPOROUS Ni-Sn ALLOY AND APPLICATION FOR CHEMOSELECTIVE HYDROGENATION OF FURFURAL TO FURFURYL ALCOHOL
Rodiansono1*, Takayoshi Hara2, Nobuyuki Ichikuni2 and Shogo Shimazu2* Department of Chemistry, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarbaru, South Kalimantan Indonesia 70713 2 Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi, Inage, Chiba 263-8522 Japan *corresponding author: shimazu@faculty.chiba-u.jp or rodian114@gmail.com Heterogeneously chemoselective hydrogenation of furfural over nanoporous Ni-Sn alloy catalysts is rarely investigated. The alloying of nickel with second electropositive metal such as tin (Sn) could improve its affinity towards C=O rather than C=C in ,-unsaturated carbonyl compounds [1]. We have developed Ni-Sn alloy both bulk and supported via a very simple synthetic procedure and gave high yield of unsaturated alcohols [2]. Herein, we have extended our study to the effect of hydrogen treatment of asprepared Ni-Sn at 673-873 K and applied chemoselective hydrogenation furfural (FFald) to furfuryl alcohol (FFalc).
1

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O 02

CO2 METHANATION ON Ni-BASED MESOSTRUCTURED SILICA NANOPARTICLES

M.A.A. Aziz1, A.A. Jalil1, S. Triwahyono2,3,*, Y.H. Taufiq-Yap4, and N.H.N Kamarudin1 Institute of Hydrogen Economy, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia 2 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia. 3 Ibnu Sina Institute for Fundamental Science Studies, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia. 4 Centre of Excellence for Catalysis Science and Technology, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia E-mail: sugeng@utm.my Phone: +60-7-5536076 Fax: +60-7-5536080 Despite several studies, the use of CO2 as a chemical reactant is currently limited to a few processes. With the aim to formulate an efficient catalyst for CO2 conversion into methane, nickel was selected, being well known to be active for the catalytic CO2 methanation. Mesostructured silica nanoparticles (MSN) was chosen as a support because of its high surface area. MSN and Ni loaded onto MSN (Ni/MSN) were prepared by the sol gel and impregnation methods. Catalytic testing was conducted in the temperature range of 423723 K under atmospheric pressure in the presence of H 2. The Ni/MSN was compared with others types of support such as MCM-41 and SiO2. The activity of CO2 methanation followed the order: Ni/MSN > Ni/MCM-41 > Ni/SiO2. The high activity of Ni/MSN is due to the presence of both intraand interparticle porosity which led to the high concentration of basic sites evidenced by N2 isotherm and pyrrole adsorbed IR spectroscopy results. The methanation activities were found to be correlated to the concentration of basic sites. The presence of defect sites or oxygen vacancies in MSN was responsible for the formation of surface carbon species, while Ni sites dissociated hydrogen to form atomic hydrogen. The surface carbon species then interacted with atomic hydrogen to form methane. The Ni/MSN catalyst performed with good stability and no deactivation up to 200 h.
1

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EVALUATION OF LINEAR ALKANE HYDROISOMERIZATION OF C5C7 OVER MoO3ZrO2 AND Pt/MoO3ZrO2 CATALYSTS
S. Triwahyonoa, A.A. Jalilb, N.N. Ruslana, H.D. Setiabudib, M.A.A. Azizb, S.N.a Timmiati, A.H.b Karim, and N.H.N. Kamarudinb Ibnu Sina Institute for Fundamental Science Studies, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi, Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia b Institute of Hydrogen Economy, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia The catalytic activity of MoO3ZrO2 and Pt/MoO3ZrO2 has been evaluated based on the C5C7 linear alkane hydroisomerization in a microcatalytic pulse reactor at 323623 K. The introduction of Pt on MoO3ZrO2 did not change much the crystallinity and BET specific surface area of MoO 3ZrO2 but altered significantly the concentration of acid sites of MoO3ZrO2. The catalytic activity of Pt/MoO3ZrO2 was inferior to that of MoO3ZrO2, although the Pt/MoO3ZrO2 performed higher hydrogen uptake capacity. ESR and IR spectroscopy revealed that the presence of Pt enhanced the hydrogen adsorption rate and capacity of MoO3ZrO2; however, the interacted-hydrogen did not successively form active protonic acid sites but intensified the Lewis acid sites. Contrarily; heating of Pt/MoO 3ZrO2 in the presence of hydrogen at higher temperature did not form protonic acid sites but intensified Lewis acidic sites. It is suggested that Pt facilitates in the interaction of spiltover hydrogen atom and MoO3 to form MoO2 or Mo2O5 over ZrO2 support which may be intensified the Lewis acidic sites.
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O 04

TRANSESTERIFICATION OF PALM OIL CATALYZED VIA HETEROGENOUS CATALYSIS USING MODIFIED MERETRIX MERETRIX SHELL VIA HYDRATION TECHNIQUE FROM DIFFERENT TIME WATER TREATMENT PROCESS.
Yun Hin Taufiq-Yap, and N.A Mijan Catalysis Science and Technology Research Centre, Faculty of Science, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia Utilization of catalyst from waste shell clamshells (Meretrix meretrix) via modification of hydration technique not only economical and environmental friendly , it is also efficient and easy to manufacture. This heterogenous catalyst come from hydration shows high basicity as well as high surface area that exhibits higher catalytic activity than CaO itself. The CaO from calcinations of clam shell at 900 oC were refluxed inside the water for 1,3,6,9,and 12 hours and reheated it again at 600 oC to produce mixed calcium oxide and calcium hydroxide. Elongating the time during refluxing the CaO in water shows result in high basicity of catalyst and surface area that leads to the high catalytic activity.This mixed calcium oxide and calcium hydroxide for 1,3,6,9,and 12 hours water treatment were used as a catalyst in transesterification reaction between palm oil and methanol to produce biodiesel. It revealed that 1,3,6,9 and 12 hours water treatment catalyst result transesterification reaction shows completed reaction (FAME yield > 88%,94%,96.5%, 98%, 98.7%) in 2 hours; methanol/oil molar ratio of 9:1; reaction temperature of 60-65 oC; 1wt% catalyst loading. The result obtained from this study revealed prolonged the treatment process will generates new catalyst that have high surface area and more even distribution. Water treatment have strong effect on crystallic size of the catalyst which contributing to the smaller particle size that have high surface area. This technique also cause the desorption peak shift to the upward shift suggesting high basicity of the catalyst.

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OXIDATION OF GLUCOSE TO GLUCONIC ACID UNDER MOLECULAR OXYGEN CATALYZED BY Pd-INCORPORATED TITANATES PREPARED IN MOLTEN SALTS
Indri Badria Adilina 1*, Mai Takioka 2, Nobuhiro Kumada 3, and Shogo Shimazu2 Research Centre for Chemistry, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Kawasan Puspiptek Serpong, Tangerang 15314, Indonesia 2 Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inageku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan 3 Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, 4-4-37 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi 400-8510, Japan Catalytic activity of Pd-incorporated titanate catalysts(Pd/KSTO) wasinvestigated in the oxidation reaction of glucose to gluconic acid under molecular oxygen.The Pd-catalysts were synthesised by intercalation of Pd(NO3)2 into a layered potassium titanate (KTO) via a cation exchange reaction in molten salts of Pd and Sr. Isomerisation of glucose to fructose was suppressed in the presence of Pd/KSTO catalyst, enabling the oxidation reaction of glucose toward gluconic acid to proceed. The best yield of 62% gluconic acid with 75% selectivity was achieved using 0.5 mol% Pd/KSTO catalyst in water at 120C without any base additives. Keywords: Glucose oxidation; Gluconic acid; Pd catalyst; Layered titanate; Molten salts
1

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O 06

CATALYTIC PYROLYSIS OF EMPTY FRUIT BUNCHES DERIVED PYROLYTIC VAPORS OVER MICROPOROUS ZSM-5 WITH INCORPORATION OF BARIUM
N. M. Nurul Suzianaa, b, Y.H Taufiq-Yapa, b and Y. Suzanac Catalysis Science and Technology Research Centre, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. b Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. c Mission Oriented Research (Green Technology), Chemical Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 31750 Tronoh, Perak, Malaysia. The catalytic pyrolysis of empty fruit bunches were carried out over microporous zeolite, CHZSM5 using semi-batch pyrolysis reactor. The effect of barium (Ba) incorporation into microporous CHZSM5 synthesized via wetness impregnation method, on the product distribution and chemical composition of bio-oil were also investigated. The catalysts synthesized were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms (BET), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, H2 temperature programmed reduction (H2TPR) and NH3 temperature programmed desorption (NH 3-TPD) techniques. The crystalline structure of CHZSM5 remained intact after the implementation of Ba as proved in XRD. It shows that the Ba well-dispersed into the wall of the CHZSM5. With the increasing of Ba content (~3-30%), the ordering of the hydrogen consumption and acidity significantly increased, respectively. However, it gave vice versa effect in the surface area of the synthesized catalysts (~400-200 m2g-1). The composition of the bio-oil produced from pyrolysis reaction were analyzed using fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and gas chromatography mass spectrometer (GC-MS) to evaluate the effect of catalytic upgrading. With the proper distribution of Lewis and Brnsted (weak and strong) acid sites, BaCHZSM5 showed good activity and selectivity for the production of desirable organic compounds in comparison to commercial CHZSM5.
a

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O 07

MODIFICATION OF Zr SUPPORTED HY ZEOLITE-BASED PHOTOCATALYST FOR DECOLORIZATION OF METHYLENE BLUE

N. Sapawe1, A.A. Jalil1*, and S. Triwahyono2 Institute of Hydrogen Economy, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, MALAYSIA. 2 Ibnu Sina Institute for Fundamental Science Studies, Faculty of Science,Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, MALAYSIA. *Corresponding author : aishah@cheme.utm.my The preparation method of the photocatalyst was reported which plays an important role in determining the catalyst structure for enhanced catalytic performance. Therefore, herein, we report for the first time, the modification of zirconiasupported HY (EGZrO2/HY) catalyst using a simple electrochemical method. The prepared catalyst was characterized using XRD, TEM, FTIR, 29Si and 27Al MASNMR, and XPS. Dealumination accompanied by isomorphous substitution of Zr in the framework of aluminosilicate HY was found to occur during the electrolysis to form SiOZr bond, which strongly influenced the efficiency of photodecolorization of methylene blue (MB). A 10 mg L1 MB was completely decolorized when using 0.375 g L1 of 1 wt% EGZrO2/HY catalyst at pH 11 under UV light irradiation after 6 h of contact time. The mineralization of MB was measured by removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD), five days biochemical oxygen demand/chemical oxygen demand (BOD5/COD) and total organic carbon (TOC/TOC0), and the results obtained were 95%, 7.14 and 0.08, respectively. The catalyst was still stable after five cycles with just a small decrement (<10%) of decolorization percentage without any ions leaching. The degradation followed pseudo rstorder kinetic rationalized Langmuir Hinshelwood model where the reaction occurred in the bulk solution and at the surface of the catalyst. Good activity toward decolorization promises the catalyst to be used in textiles industry wastewater treatment and also other applications.
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O 08

TRANSESTERIFICATION OF PALM OIL TO BIODIESEL USING NiO/CaO AS HETEROGENOUS BASE CATALYSTS

Z. Shazana, E.N. Muhamad, and Y.H. Taufiq-Yap Centre of Excellence for Catalysis Science and Technology, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia shazanazulkifle@gmail.com, erneenm@science.upm.edu.my The potential of binary metal oxide catalysts, NiO/CaO for the transesterification of palm oil for biodiesel production was investigated. Three different methods were used to deposit 5wt% NiO onto CaO catalysts (i.e., impregnation, co-precipitation and sol-gel). The physicochemical characteristic of the prepared catalysts were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), temperature programmed desorption of CO 2 (TPD-CO2), X-ray fluorescent (XRF) and field emission spectroscopic electron microscopy (FESEM). These synthesized catalysts were used for the transesterification of palm oil as feedstock with methanol to produce biodiesel fuel at various reaction conditions. The activity of 5wt% NiO/CaO catalyst prepared by sol-gel method showed superior activity compared to other methods. The catalyst exhibited the highest conversion of palm oil to biodiesel with 97.34% compared to 85.03% and 90.41% for co-precipitation and impregnation, respectively. The optimum condition were observed at temperature 338 K, 10:1 molar ratio of methanol to oil, 1 wt% catalyst amount and 2 hours reaction time. Different preparation methods have shown significant effects in physicochemical characteristic of the prepared catalyst and hence influence the catalytic activity of the catalysts. Keywords: Impregnation; Co-precipitation; Sol-gel; NiO/CaO

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O 09

SYNTHESIS OF POROUS SILICA BY CO-MET TECHNIQUE USING PEG/ACRYLAMIDE AS TEMPLATE FOR CATALYST SUPPORT OF BENZALDEHYDE AND METHANOL REACTION
Iman Abdullah, David Chandra Pandapotan, Widyastuti Samadi, and Ridla Bakri Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Indonesia Iman.abd@ui.ac.id Inthis study, porous silica was synthesized from tetraethyl ortoslicate (TEOS) precursor by co-micelle emulsion templating (co-MET) technique to be used as a solidsupportof theLewisacid AlCl3. Co-MET Technique was conducted by varying template type (PEG 4000 and acrylamide) and percentage of PEG (2,5%, 5%, 10%, 15% dan 20%). The forming solid supports were then characterized by FTIR, SEM-EDS and BET while the acid catalysts were characterized by SEM-EDS and FTIR to verify acid immobilization. Based on SEM-EDS and BET analysis, it is shown that PEG 5% template gave uniform, ordered and interconnected macropore with surface area of 545 m2/g, and average pore radius of 31.91 . The catalysts were then used for benzaldehyde and methanol reaction by varying the kind of catalyst support, reaction time and reaction temperature. The resulting products were analyzed by GC to determine the percentage of benzaldehyde conversion, and analyzed by GC-MS to determine the structure and composition of the products. Highest conversion of 86.79% is obtained over reaction temperature of 30oC and reaction time of 16 hours. The main product of the reaction is benzaldehyde dimethyl acetal with the selectivity of 68.25%. Keywords: porous silica, co-MET, catalysts, benzaldehyde, methanol

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O 10

PRENYLATION OF XANTHONE-RICH MANGOSTEEN (GARCINIA MANGOSTANA) BY HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSIS Na/NaOH/ -AL2O3 AND ITS ANTIOXIDANT EFFECT
Herry Cahyana, Widajanti Wibowo, and Farah D. Hasanah Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Indonesia Interest has been shown in the xanthone compounds from waste of fruit processing of Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana) because of their interesting pharmacological activities. In an effort to develop novel antioxidant agent, the reaction prenylation of xanthone-rich mangosteen have been tried and studied by using superbase catalyst. The heterogeneous superbase catalyst Na/NaOH/ -Al2O3 was prepared using industrial waste of aluminium scrap and was analyzed using XRD. This catalyst was then applied under mild condition. The identification of the new prenylated xanthone-rich mangosteen were established by IR, UV, and LC-MS techniques. The result showed , pericarp of mangosteen contained four xanthone derivatives, and the LC-MS data of the products reaction showed a molecular ion at m/z 478,425 and the present results suggested that xanthone derivate, mangosteen linking a new prenyl group. The prenylated products enhanced their antioxidant activity.

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CHEMOSELECTIVE HYDROGENATION OF UNSATURATED CARBONYL COMPOUNDS BY USING SUPPORTED NICKELTIN ALLOY CATALYSTS
Syahrul Khairi1, 2, Rodiansono2, 3, Takayoshi Hara2, Nobuyuki Ichikuni2, and Shogo Shimazu2, * Department of Chemistry, Tanjungpura University, Jl. Prof. Dr. H. Hadari Nawawi, Pontianak Indonesia 78124 2 Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi, Inage, Chiba 263-8522 Japan 3 Department of Chemistry, Lambung Mangkurat University, Jl. A. Yani Km 36, Banjarbaru Indonesia 70714 *Corresponding author, E-mail: shimazu@faculty.chiba-u.jp The chemoselective hydrogenation of furfural (FFR) to furfuryl alcohol (FFA) was performed by use of bulk Ni-Sn(3:2) alloy and supported NiSn(3:2) catalysts in iso-propanol. Bulk Ni-Sn alloy catalyst was prepared from NiCl2 and SnCl2with Ni-Sn ratio of 3 to 2by simple hydrothermal synthesis method, followed by hydrogen reduction process. The similar method was applied to prepare supported Ni-Sn alloy catalyst by the addition of various supports into NiCl2 and SnCl2 mixture before the hydrothermal treatment. Bulk Ni-Sn(3:2) alloy catalyst showed an excellent selectivity towards unsaturated alcohol, with 98.8% FFA yield at 100% conversion. Supported Ni-Sn(3:2) catalyst showed high activity and selectivity at lower temperature than the bulk Ni-Sn(3:2) catalyst to give exclusively unsaturated alcohols when the selectivity of Ni-Sn(3:2)/TiO2 catalyst was maintained even after five runs. Keywords: Chemoselective hydrogenation, heterogeneous catalyst, Ni-Sn Alloy.
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O 12

DFT GUIDED-POLYMERIZATION OF -PINENE USING ZIRCONIUM -DIKETONATES

M. Yusuf, Y. Permana, Ismunandar, I. M. Arcana, and M. A. Martoprawiro Department of Chemistry, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha No.10 Bandung, 40133, Indonesia Email : yessi@chem.itb.ac.id A series of zirconium -diketonates were synthesized by a reaction of zirconium tetrachloride with coresponding ligands in a 1:3 molar ratio. To prove that exactly three -diketonates ligands have successfully coordinated to the metal center, characterizations by FTIR, elemental analyses, XRD, GC-MS,1H-NMR and 19F-NMR spectroscopies were carried out.12 Polymerization of -pinene at 40 oC for 24 hours gave -pinene conversion of 11 %. Geometry of catalysts were optimized by DFT calculation, B3LYP method, DZVP (DFT orbital) and 6-31G** basis sets andthe effect of ligands on Lewis acidity wereanalysed by the natural bond orbital (NBO) method.3 Mechanistic study of the -pinene polymerization was investigated by a DFT calculation, B3LYP method, DZVP (DFT orbital) and 6-31G** basis sets.
R2 R1 O R2 O Zr O O O O R2 Cat R1 Cl R1

a: R1 = R2 = Me b: R1 = Me; R2 = Ph c: R1 = R2 = Ph d: R1 = Ph; R2 = CF3 e: R1 = Me; R2 = CF3

-pinene

Poly(-pinene)

Computational results showed that cat-b has the highest Lewis acidity (NBO population of Zr) compared to otherswith the Lewis acidity order of the following: cat-b > cat-e > cat-c > cat-a. Three possible reaction routes of the pinene polymerization was proposed to proceed via:. (i) dissociation of one-diketonate ligand from the complex prior to the insertion of -pinene,

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(ii) dissociation of one oxygen of diketonate ligand, (iii) direct insertion of pinene into three coordinated-zirconium -diketonates. References: [1]Permana, Y., Shimazu, S., Ichikuni, N., Uematsu, T., Catal. Commun., 2005 426430 [2]Permana, Y., Ichikuni, N., Shimazu, S., ITB J. Sci., 2012, Vol. 44 A, No. 3, 263-274 [3]Garca, H.R.M., Behrens, N.B., Salcedo, R., Jer, G.H., J. Mol. Struct. (THEOCHEM) 2003 637: 5572

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Catalysis for Sustainable Energy and Environment

Poster Presentation ABSTRACT

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P 01

ELECTROSYNTHESIS FOR GROWN ZnO NANOPARTICLES DEPOSITED ONTO HY ZEOLITE FOR ENHANCED DECOLORIZATION OF ORGANIC DYES
A.A. Jalil1*, N. Sapawe1, and S. Triwahyono2 Institute of Hydrogen Economy, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, MALAYSIA. 2 Ibnu Sina Institute for Fundamental Science Studies, Faculty of Science,Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, MALAYSIA. *Corresponding author : aishah@cheme.utm.my The use of metal oxides supported on mesoporous materials has been extremely studied in advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) because they can convert a wide range of harmful dyes into non-toxic products, CO2 and water. The preparation method of the photocatalyst was reported to play an important role in determining its structural features for enhanced catalytic performance. Therefore, herein, we report for the first time, nanoparticles of electrogenerated zinc-supported HY zeolite (EGZnO/HY) photocatalyst prepared by a simple electrochemical method. The prepared photocatalysts were characterized using XRD, TEM, 29Si and 27Al MAS NMR, FT-IR, XPS, and ICP-MS. In addition to the formation of EGZnO nanoparticles (<30 nm in size) that distributed on the surface of HY support, an isomorphous substitution of Al with Zn also occurred in the aluminosilicate framework to result in a SiOZn bonds. The photoactivity of EGZnO/HY was tested by the decolorization of methylene blue (MB), congo red (CR), methyl orange (MO) which resulted in 80%, 97%, and 84% of maximum decolorization under an appropriate optimum conditions, respectively. The photocatalyst was still stable after five cycling runs with no Zn leaching. This system is believed could be applied in preparation of other catalysts for various applications.
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P 02

SYNTHESIS OF ZEOLITE ZSM-5 WITH A VARIATION OF THE MOLAR CONCENTRATION OF H2O

Ana Hidayati Mukaromah, Buchori, and Rino R. Mukti Department of Chemistry,Technology Bandung Institute, Indonesia. anahidamuka@gmail.com Synthesis of zeolite ZSM-5 at low temperature (90C) non via hydrothermal for 5 days with the composition of the molar concentration of precursor solution comprising of Ludox HS 40% w/v 2.8; NaAlO2 0.027; NaOH %0%w/v 0.184; TPABr 0.093; dan H2O 21.5have been studied. Zeolite ZSM5 membrane prepared by electrodeposition method at low temperatures by the precursor aqueous solution. The purpose of this research is the synthesis of zeolite ZSM-5 with a variation of the molar concentration of H 2O are 21.5 and 22.06. Zeolite synthesized characterized by XRD and diffractogram zeolite synthesis results compared with literature diffractogram ZSM-5.The research showed that the diffractogram ZSM-5 with a variation of the molar concentration of H2O equal with the literature synthesis diffractogram ZSM5, so that the composition of the precursor solution of H 2O with molar concentration 22.06 can be used to synthesized ZSM-5 zeolite membranes by electrodeposition method at low temperature. (90C). Keywords: Zeolite ZSM-5, ZSM-5 Zeolite Membrane, precursor solution, electrodeposition method, and low temperature.

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P 03

SYNTHESIS OF NiO/SiO2 USINGAMINO-SUBSTITUTED ALKOXISILANEBY SOL-GEL METHOD

Arif Maulana, I Nyoman Marsih* and Irma Mulyani* Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Research Division, Department of Chemistry, ITB, Indonesia * Email: nyoman@chem.itb.ac.id, irma@chem.itb.ac.id NiO/SiO2 composites have been synthesised from a mixture of Ni 2+ (A. NiCl2.6H2O, B. Ni(NO)3.6H2O, or C. Ni(acac)2(H2O)2), APTES, and TEOS in methanol through sol-gel method. The addition of APTES into the mixture is useful to enhance the interaction of Ni2+ and SiO2. The sol-gel products were calcined at 450 oC for 30 minutes. The calcined products were characterised by XRD, SEM and N2 physisorption. NiO of sample A was highly crystalline and separated from SiO2 as shown in XRD pattern and SEM micrograph respectively. Whereas NiO peaks were not observed on the XRD pattern of the last two samples (B and C). NiO was uniformly distributed on SiO2 phase for these samples as presented in EDS results. A strong agglomeration of NO/SiO2 particles was observed on the samples C. This was supported by N2 physisorption results which showed that the surface area and the total pore volume of the samples were lower than the others. The different distribution of NiO and the agglomeration between composites synthesised showed that the variation of NiO precursors used influences the morphology of NiO/SiO2 and the dispersion of NiO. Keywords: NiO/SiO2, sol-gel, APTES, methanol, agglomeration, SiO2 particles.

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P 04

THE USAGE OF INDONESIA PALM EMPTY BUNCH ASH AS A CATALYST OF WATER HYDROLYSIS REACTION WITH ALUMINUM FOR HYDROGEN PRODUCTION
Erlindawati1, Triandi Kuseno2, Adhitiyawarman1, Andi Hairil Alimuddin1, and Syahrul Khairi1*
1

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Science, Tanjungpura University, Jl. Prof. Dr. H. Hadari Nawawi, Pontianak Indonesia 78124 2 Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Science, Tanjungpura University, Jl. Prof. Dr. H. Hadari Nawawi, Pontianak Indonesia 78124 *Corresponding author: syahrulkhairi@yahoo.com

The potential of Indonesia palm empty bunch ash (PEBA) as a base catalyst for hydrogen production from hydrolysis of water with Aluminium has been studied by using a simple hand-made reactor. The catalyst was prepared by ashing the palm empty fruit bunch at 600oC for 3 h followed by suspending into distilled water. Characterization of catalyst was conducted by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) methods. Hydrolysis of water was performed by immersing the amount of aluminium foil into the various concentration of PEBA filtrate for 2.5 h at room temperature. The performance of catalyst was compared with NaOH, KOH and K2CO3 as conventional catalysts.The product of water hydrolysis was hydrogen, with the conversion increased by the increase of filtrate concentration. The analysis result showed that the PEBA contains potassium metal in the form of K2CO3 and KCl with 1.29 wt% K2CO3. Keywords: Palm empty bunch ash, water hydrolysis, hydrogen production, K2CO3.

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P 05

ELECTROSYNTHESIZED OF CuO/HY CATALYST FOR ENHANCED PHOTODECOLORIZATION OF MALACHITE GREEN

N.W.C. Jusoh a, A.A. Jalil a,*, M.A.H. Satar a, S. Triwahyono b, H.D. Setiabudia, N.H.N. Kamarudin a, N.F. Jaafar b, N. Sapawe a, and R. Jusoh a Institute of Hydrogen Economy, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia. b Ibnu Sina Institute for Fundamental Science Studies, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science,Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia *Corresponding author: aishah@cheme.utm.my CuO supported on HY (CuO/HY) catalyst was prepared via a simple electrochemical method under various current density. The physicochemical properties of the catalyst were examined using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and pyridine adsorption FTIR. The photocatalytic performance were investigated on the decolorization of malachite green (MG) dye. This study reveal that both CuO nanoparticles and incorporation of copper into HY framework were formed during the electrolysis. The presence of SiOCu bond was found to be decreased at elevated current density and lowered the photocatalytic activity. A complete decolorization of 10 mg L-1 of MG was obtained using CuO/HY catalyst that prepared at 10 mA cm-2 of current density. In addition, the catalyst was still stable with a slightly decreased in the decolorization percentage (<89%) after six cycles without any ion leaching. It is believed that this study will gave a great advantage for synthesis of other catalysts that require isomorphous substitution of metal ions in a zeolite network.
a

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P 06

STUDY ON HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSISUSING SUPPORT SOLID SILICA AS AN ALTERNATIVE HOMOGENEOUS CATALYSIS IN NITRATION OF EUGENOL
Herry Cahyana A., Widajanti Wibowo, and Fikri Sultoni Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Indonesia, Campus Depok, Depok 16424, Indonesia email: herrykim@ui.ac.id Heterogeneous catalysis reaction has been applied successfully to replace the homogeneous catalysis reaction for the reasons of green chemistry, such as nitration reaction using concentrate sulfuric acid. In this study, the nitration reaction was performed homogeneously using concentrate HNO 3 and H2SO4 and was compared with the use of concentrate HNO 3 and solid acid catalyst SiO2-H2SO4. Prestudy was conducted on the nitration reaction of benzaldehyde, in which the homogeneous catalysis reaction was succeeded in 10 minutes at room temperature, whereas over SiO2-H2SO4 the nitration products, which are 2-nitro-benzaldehyde, 2,4-dinitro-benzaldehyde and 2,4,6-trinitrobenzaldehyde, were formed after 5 h reaction time. The nitration of eugenol, isolated from clove oil, were also performed homogeneously and heterogeneously, in which the reactions products were characterized using TLC-Scanner, LC-MS and GC. The MS analysis showed that two nitro groups were bound to the aromatic ring of eugenol over heterogeneous catalysis, whereas over the homogeneous catalysis three nitro groups were bound to the aromatic ring. Based on GC analysis, the conversions of eugenol were almost 100% and the %-yields were 78.39%, 87.37% and 99.96% respectively for 6h, 12h and 18h reaction periods . Keywords: heterogeneous catalysis ; nitration ; eugenol ; SiO2-H2SO4.

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P 07

FeCl3 AND HSO3CF3 IMPREGNATED ON POROUS SILICA AS HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSTS FOR BENZALDEHYDE AND ETHANOL REACTION
Widyastuti Samadi, Arvinda Widyana, Iman Abdullah, and Ridla Bakri Departemen Kimia, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Kampus UI Depok E-mail: samadi@ui.ac.id Heterogeneous catalysts with porous silica support which were synthesized by co-micelle/emulsion templating (co-MET) techniques have uniform porosity. The use of cationic polymers, 2-(Acryloyloxy)-N,N,Ntrimethylethanaminium chloride in co-MET technique serves to stabilize the emulsion and form mesoporous structure. In this study, FeCl 3 and HSO3CF3 were impregnated into macro/mesoporous silica and then were characterizated using SEM, EDS, FTIR, and XRD. SEM data show that the silica pores generated in increases with increasing concentrations of cationic polymer. On FTIR spectrum, impregnation of FeCl3 and HSO3CF3 proven by the peak at 1036 cm-1 (Si-O-Fe bond), 462 cm-1 (vibrations of Fe-Cl) and 615 cm-1(C-S bond). Catalytic reaction between benzaldehid and ethanol shows that HSO3CF3-Silica macro/mesoporous catalyst with a 5% concentration of cationic polymer has the best result than those with cationic polymer concentration of 0.5%, 1%, 2.5% and 10%. Keywords: macro/mesoporous benzaldehyde. silica, co-MET technique, catalyst,

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P 08

HIERARCHICALLY POROUSMFIZEOLITESSYNTHESIZED THROUGHSTEAM-ASSISTED CRYSTALLIZATION METHOD WITH SEEDING

Mita Rilyanti1,Rino R. Mukti1, Masaru Ogura2, Hadi Nur3 and Ismunandar1
1

Division of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, InstitutTeknologi Bandung 2 Institute of Industrial Science, Department of Materials and Environmental Science, The University of Tokyo, Komaba 4-6-1,Meguro-ku, Tokyo 1538505, Japan 3 Ibnu Sina Institute for Fundamental Science Studies,Faculty of Science, 8130 UTM, Johor Bahru, Malaysia The corresponding e-mail address: ismu@chem.itb.ac.id

Nowadays, zeolites with a micro-/meso-porous hierarchical structure have attracted much attention due to their improved diffusion, catalytic activity, selectivity and lifetime. Generally, several strategies for introduction of mesoporosity can be distinguished, including soft template and hard templates. However, new synthesis method in absence of organic template has been searched becuse it causes many problems of adverse such as high production cost, contamination by waste water, air pollution arising from thermal decomposition of organic species contained in channel system, and coke deposit due to incomplete decomposition [1, 2]. In this research, we report an effective and an economic synthesis procedure for resulting hierarchically porous MFI zeolite without organic template (structuredirecting agent SDA and surfactant molecule). A dense dried precursor gel consisting of silica source, alumina source, mineralizer, water and seed (2 %w/w) were transformed into zeolites under hydrothermal steam-assisted conditions at 150 C [3]. We find out that the dense precursor gel can easily be converted in one day into mesoporousMFI zeolite in absence organic template.we observe a large hysteresis in these MFI zeolite between the adsorption and desorption branch, it shows a dominant pore diameter of 5 nm of this secondary pore system when analyzed with the NLDFT method.

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References: [1] Kim, S.D., et al., Compositional and Kinetic Study on The Rapid Crystallization of ZSM-5 in The Absence of Organic Template under Stirring. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, 2004. 72(1-3): p. 185-192. [2] Wang, J., et al., TUD-C: A tunable, hierarchically structured mesoporous zeolite composite. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, 2009. 120(1-2): p. 19-28. [3] Ren, N., et al., A Seed Surface Crystallization Approach for Rapid Synthesis of Submicron ZSM-5 Zeolite with Controllable Crystal Size and Morphology. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, 2011. 131(1-3): p. 103-114.

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P 09

MFI ZEOLITE SYNTHESIS USING CYCLIC KETAL COMPOUNDS AS GREEN STRUCTURE-DIRECTING AGENT
Dyah Y. Hidayat1,2, Rino R. Mukti1,*, and Didin Mujahidin2 Division of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, InstitutTeknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha no. 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia 2 Division of Organic Chemistry, InstitutTeknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha no. 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia * Email: rino@chem.itb.ac.id High silica zeolites hasbeen synthesized using organic molecule that can be decomposed within the zeolite pore. Organic compounds that have cyclic ketal group are potential to be green Structure-Directing Agent (SDA) because it stable during the zeolite synthesized condition but can be decomposed in acidic condition. In this research, we report zeolites synthesis using two different cyclic ketal compounds as SDA. The SDA is mixed in the aluminosilicate gel under molar composition of SDA/Si = 0,033 and hydrothermally treated at 175C for 6 days. XRD pattern shows that the solid product which synthesized using sol ketal have similar pattern with the solid product which synthesized in the absence of SDA. Meanwhile, in the presence of ammonium dioxolane salt as SDA the crystallization leads to the formation MFI zeolite. The ammonium dioxolane compound was fragmented inside the zeolite pore by treating in acidic solution using 1M HCl at 80C and the cation fragment was removed by ion exchange method.XRD patterns show that SDA zeolite framework was not destroyed during the SDA removing process.
1

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INVESTIGATING THE MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGE OF HIERARCHICALLY POROUS MFI ZEOLITE SYNTHESIZED BY USING ECONOMIC ORGANIC MESOPOROUSGENERATING COMPOUND
Lutfi Firmansyah, Dedi Sutarma, Veinardi Suendo, and Rino R. Mukti, Division of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha no. 10, Bandung, Indonesia, rino@chem.itb.ac.id Hierarchical zeolites showing interstitial mesopore space in-between the crystalline phase have been offered as the solution to the intracrystalline diffusion limitations of catalyzed reactions. The objective of creating mesoporosity on zeolite crystal surface is to enhance accessibility, rate of overall catalyzed processes, (molecular diffusion), separation (shape selectivity) and to inhibit the catalyst deactivation process. Hierarchically porous zeolites are normally synthesized via direct bottom-up technique by hydrothermally treating the zeolite precursors and mesoporogen. The mesopore generating species from self-assembly of surfactant molecules is incorporated to generate the mesoporosity during the crystallization of zeolite. This mesopore templating pathway is mostly tested for obtaining mesoporous high silica zeolite such as ZSM-5 in which the nucleation and crystallization of the zeolite is induced by additional organic compound as the structure-directing agent (SDA). We would like to observe the morphological change in this mesoporous ZSM-5 by varying the concentration of mesoporous-generating agent and some synthesis technique modification. Keywords: MFI, mesoporous, hierarchical, surfactant, SDA-free.

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P 11

FIRST ATTEMPT ON THE ZEOLITE SYNTHESIS USING HEXAMETHYLENETETRAMINE AS ORGANIC STRUCTURE-DIRECTING AGENT
David D. Suhendi1, Rino R. Mukti1, and Yana M. Syah2
1

Division of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha no. 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia 2 Division of Organic Chemistry, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha no. 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia

MFI-Type zeolite can be synthesized using hexamethylenetetramine as structure directing agent (SDA). The reaction was carried on 150 oC for 6 days. The solids obtained were characterized by X-ray Diffraction. 29Si and 27 Al magic angle spinning magnetic resonance, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and nitrogen adsorption. The SEM images revealed that the synthesized MFI-type zeolite has an unusual ball-like morphology which differ from usual coffin shaped MFI-type zeolite. The study on the amount of SDA used in synthesis has been done. The reduction amount of SDA shows a good result in resulting MFI-type zeolite, but the addition amount of SDA did not result in MFI zeolite.

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CAMPUS MAP OF INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI BANDUNG

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Catalysis for Sustainable Energy and Environment