Los "conditionales" son ciertas estructuras del ingls en las cuales, si cierta condicin, situacin o circunstancia es verdadera, entonces

sucede un resultado especfico. Aqu veremos varios tipos usuales de "condicionales" Zero Conditional - (Type Zero) - Situacin siempre verdaderaIf you freeze water, it turns into ice. First Conditional - (Type I) - Situacin real o posibleIf it rains today, I'll stay at home. Second Conditional - (Type II) - Situacin hipotticaIf I won the lottery, I would travel around the world. Third Conditional - (Type III) - Situacin hipottica del pasadoIf I had won the lottery, I would have traveled around the world. Conditional: wish + past simple- Deseo sobre una situacin irrealI wish I were rich (but I am not)Conditional: wish + past perfect - Deseo sobre el pasadoI wish I had learned English when I was younger (but I didn't)Conditional: wish + would Expresando desagrado o irritacinI wish you would stop making that noise Palabras para expresar condiciones: unless, provided, You won't pass the exam unless you study harder. Zero conditional..Este condicional refiere a una situacin que es siempre verdadera (verdades universales): If you freeze water, it turns into ice. If clause If + Present tense If you freeze water Main clause Present tense it turns into ice.

If you freeze water, it turns into ice. Si congelas el agua, se convierte en hielo. If I work too much, I get tired. Si trabajo demasiado, me canso. If I have time, I usually go to the movies. Si tengo tiempo, generalmente voy al cine. If she eats hamburgers, she gets an allergy. Si ella come hamburguesas, le da alergia. If they come here, they always bring a present. Si ellos vienen aqu, siempre traen un regalo. If she doesn't know the answer, she keeps silent. Si ella no sabe la respuesta, se mantiene en silencio. If we don't go out on Saturdays, we rent a video and stay home. Si no salimos los sbados, alquilamos un video y nos quedamos en casa.

1er conditional Se forma con if + simple present + simple future. Se emplea cuando una situacin es real o posible: If it rains today, I'll stay at home. Aqu tienes algunos ejemplos traducidos. If clause If + Present tense If it rains today, Main clause will / can / may / must + verb I'll stay at home

If it rains today, I'll stay at home. Si llueve hoy, me quedar en casa. If he is busy now, I will come back tomorrow. Si est ocupado ahora, regresar maana. If I have time, I'll visit my parents this afternoon. Si tengo tiempo, visitar a mis padres esta tarde. If it is warm tomorrow, we'll go to the beach. Si est caluroso maana, iremos a la playa. If it is cold, you must wear warm clothes. Si est fro, debes usar ropa abrigada. If he doesn't do his homework, he can not go to the party. Si l no hace su tarea, no puede ir a la fiesta. If she doesn't call you, you can call her. Si ella no te llama, t puedes llamarla. If you work hard, you may become a millonaire someday. Si trabajas duro, puede que te conviertas en un millonario algn da. If you spend more than you earn, you'll become a poor man. Si gastas ms de lo que ganas, te convertirs en un hombre pobre. If they don't invite you, you must not go. Si ellos no te invitan, no debes ir. If we don't hurry, we'll miss our bus. Si no nos apuramos, perderemos nuestro autobus. If you pay now, you'll get a discount. Si pagas ahora, obtendrs un descuento. If they don't want to go out, they can stay home. Si no quieren salir, se pueden quedar en casa. If you drink too much, you'll get drunk. Si bebes demasiado, te emborrachars. If you feel sick, you must stay in bed. Si te sientes enfermo, debes quedarte en cama. If they don't come here, we'll have to go there. Si ellos no vienen aqu, tendremos que ir all.

2docondicional Refiere a una situacin hipottica y se forma segn la estructura if + simple past + simple condicional. Aqu tienes algunos ejemplos traducidos. If clause If + Past Simple If I won the lottery, Main clause would / could / might + verb I would travel around the world.

If I won the lottery, I would travel around the world. Si ganara la lotera, viajara por todo el mundo. If I were in Brazil, I would go to Rio de Janeiro. Si yo estuviese en Brasil, ira a Ro de Janeiro. If I were you, I would buy that car. Si yo fuese t, comprara ese auto. If he were in my place, he wouldn't do this. Si l estuviese en mi lugar, no hara esto. If I had more money, I would buy a nice apartment. Si yo tuviese ms dinero, me comprara un lindo apartamento. If she had more time, she would travel more often. Si ella tuviera ms tiempo, viajara ms a menudo. If it were not raining, we could go out. Si no estuviese lloviendo, podramos salir. If we didn't have to work today, we could have a picnic. Si no tuvisemos que trabajar hoy, podramos tener un picnic. If they won the lottery, they wouldn't work any more. Si ellos ganaran la lotera, no trabajaran ms. If I saw her, I would ask her out. Si la viera, la invitara a salir. If you went to Brazil, you wouldn't want to come back. Si fueras a Brazil, no querras regresar. If they spoke Spanish, we would understand them. Si ellos hablasen espaol, los entenderamos. If he didn't live by the river, he couldn't go fishing. Si el no viviera cerca del ro, no podra ir a pescar. If I didn't want to go, I would tell you. Si no quisiera ir, te lo dira. If they worked for that company, they might have better salaries. Si ellos trabajaran para esa compaa, podran tener mejores sueldos. If she wrote a book, it would be a best-seller. Si ella escribiese un libro, sera un best-seller.

Third Conditional, tambin -Type III- Refiere a una situacin hipottica del pasado y se forma segn la estructura : if + past perfect + conditional perfect. Aqu tienes algunos ejemplos traducidos. If clause If + Past Perfect tense If I had won the lottery, Main clause would/could/might + have + past participle I would have traveled around the world.

If I had won the lottery, I would have traveled around the world. Si yo hubiera ganado la lotera, habra viajado por todo el mundo. If I had seen him, I would have told him about you. Si lo hubiese visto, le habra contado acerca de ti. If I had known the answer, I would have raised my hand. Si hubiese sabido la respuesta, habra levantado mi mano. If she had come on Saturday, I would have seen her. Si ella hubiese venido el sbado, la habra visto. If they had left earlier, they would have arrived on time. Si ellos hubiesen salido ms temprano, habran llegado a tiempo. If we had studied harder, we might have passed the test. Si hubisemos estudiado ms duro, podramos haber aprobado la prueba. If you had gone to Brazil, you would have had lots of fun. Si tu hubieses ido a Brasil, habras tenido mucha diversin. If I hadn't been so busy, I could have helped you. Si no hubiese estado tan ocupado, te podra haber ayudado. If you had phoned me, I would have known you were here. Si tu me hubieses telefoneado, habra sabido que estabas aqu. If they had invited us, we would have accepted at once. Si ellos nos hubiesen invitado, habramos aceptado de inmediato. If she had explained me the problem, I would have understood it. Si ella me hubiese explicado el problema, lo habra entendido. If I hadn't forgotten his number, I would have phoned him. Si no hubiese olvidado su nmero, lo habra llamado. If it hadn't rained, we would have gone fishing. Si no hubiese llovido, habramos ido a pescar. If my sister had been here, she would have enjoyed this. Si mi hermana hubiese estado aqu, habra disfrutado esto. If they hadn't drunk so much last night, they wouldn't have felt sick today. Si no hubiesen tomado tanto anoche, no se habran sentido enfermos hoy. If he had worked more, he could have saved more money. Si l hubiese trabajado ms, podra haver ahorrado ms dinero.

Utilizamos el condicional formado con wish y pasado simple para expresar un deseo sobre una situacin irreal: I wish I were rich (though I am not). Aqu tienes algunos ejemplos traducidos.

Wish + Past simple

Se usa para expresar un deseo sobre una situacin irreal

I wish I were rich (but I am not) Yo deseo/ojal que fuera rico (pero no lo soy) I wish I could fly. Ojal pudiera volar. I wish I spoke English more fluently. Ojal hablara ingls ms fludamente. I wish I lived in a house near the beach Ojal viviera en una casa cerca de la playa. I wish I knew how to dance Tango. Ojal supiera bailar tango. I wish it were not so cold today. Ojal no estuviera tan fro hoy. I wish I had more money. Ojal tuviera ms dinero. I wish I didn't have to work tomorrow. Ojal no tuviera que trabajar maana. I wish I had a better job Ojal tuviera un trabajo mejor.

El condicional formado con wish y el pasado perfecto expresa deseos sobre el pasado: "I wish I had learned English when I was younger". Aqu tienes algunos ejemplos traducidos.

Wish + Past Perfect

Se usa para expresar un deseo frustrado sobre el pasado

I wish I had learned English when I was younger. Ojal hubiera aprendido ingls cuando era ms joven. I wish I had stayed at the party. Ojal me hubiera quedado en la fiesta. I wish I hadn't seen Mark and Lucy together! Deseara no haber visto a Mark y a Lucy juntos! I wish I had listened to you. Ojal te hubiera escuchado. I wish I had brought my camera! Ojal hubiera trado mi cmara! I wish I hadn't drunk so much beer last night. Deseara no haber tomado tanta cerveza anoche. I wish I had studied more for this test! Ojal hubiera estudiado ms para esta prueba! I wish I had asked Penny to stay... Ojal le hubiera pedido a Penny que se quedara...

Expresamos desagrado o irritacin formando el condicional con wish seguido de would: I wish you would stop making that noise. Aqu tienes algunos ejemplos traducidos.

Wish + Would
Se usa para expresar desagrado o irritacin sobre algo que pasa y que probablemente no se pueda remediar

I wish you would stop making that noise. Ojal dejaras de hacer ese ruido. I wish they would stop fighting. Ojal dejaran de pelear. I wish you would just shut up! Ojal te callaras! I wish Tom wouldn't snore so much... Ojal Tom no roncara tanto... I wish that dog would stop barking! Ojal ese perro dejara de ladrar! I wish this computer would stop crashing. Ojal esta computadora dejara de colgarse. I wish my neighbor would turn that awful music down. Ojal mi vecino bajara esa msica horrible. I wish this phone would stop ringing! Ojal este telfono dejara de sonar!

Ciertas palabras nos permiten expresar condiciones: unless, if, provided, providing that, in case: You won't pass the exam unless you study harder. Aqu tienes algunos ejemplos traducidos. Unless - a menos que

Unless we book now, we won't find a place to stay. A menos que reservemos ya, no vamos a encontrar lugar donde alojarnos. John's wife will leave him, unless he pays more attention to her. La mujer de John lo va a dejar, a menos que l le preste ms atencin. Provided/ing (that) - siempre y cuando

You can go to Spain, provided that you get good grades at school. Puedes ir a Espaa, siempre y cuando saques buenas notas en la escuela. Provided/ing he doesn't misbehave, Paul won't be expelled from our school. Siempre y cuando no se porte mal, Paul no ser expulsado de nuestra escuela. As long as - siempre y cuando

I'll help you with Biology, as long as you help me with French. Yo te ayudo con biologa, siempre y cuando t me ayudes con francs. Dan will come as long as he finishes early at the office. Dan va a venir siempre y cuando termine temprano en la oficina. However/No matter how, Whoever, Whichever

Grandpa will never hear you, however loud you talk. El abuelo no te va a escuchar nunca, por ms fuerte que hables. No matter how fast I run, I can never beat Jordan. No importa cuan rpido corra, nunca le puedo ganar a Jordan. Whoever comes to see me, tell them I'm not home. Quienquiera que venga, dile que no estoy en casa. Whichever way you choose, I'll go with you. Sea cual sea el camino que elijas, yo ir contigo.

Me pordrian dar los usos de too y so.. por fis en ingles :)? 'too' tiene dos usos en ingls: 1) delante de adjetivos y adverbios significa demasiado too big = demasiado grande too quickly = demasiado rpido 2) al final de un enunciado significa tambien books, pens, pencils, and magazine too libros, lapiceros, lpices, y revistas tambin en este significado alterna con 'so' para indicar concordancia afirmativa. la gramtica de too es sujeto + verbo auxiliar + too y la de so es so + verbo auxilar + sujeto Jack needs a car and Tom does too Jack needs a car and so does Tom Jack necesita un auto y Tom necesita uno tambin Jack needed a car and Tom did too Jack needed a car and so did Tom Jack necesitaba un auto y Tom necesitaba uno tambin Jack has bought a car and Tom has too Jack has bought a car and so has Tom Jack ha comprado un auto y Tom ha comprado uno tambin Jack can drive a car and Tom can too Jack can drive a car and so can Tom Jack puede manejar un auto y Tom puede manejar uno tambin so tambien puede significar: 1) asi que It was late so we decided not to go out Era tarde asi que decidimos no salir 2) tan (con adjetivos sin sustantivos o adverbios) It's so easy to understand Es tan fcil de entender they worked so hard ellos trabajaron tan duros 3) tanto/a con much o tantos/as con many so much water = tanta agua so many days = tantos das 4) tan poco/a con little tan pocos/as con few so little water = tan poca agua so few days = tan pocos das

5) para que (con 'that') ('that' es opcional en el ingls informal) bring some bowls so (that) we can share this ice cream trae unos platos para que podamos compartir este helado 6) asi/si/lo (con ciertos verbos para evitar la repeticion de un adjetivo, adverbio, o clusula I'm angry but then I have a right to be so Estoy molesto pero tengo el derecho a estarlo Alice speaks French very well and Roy even more so Alice habla francs muy bien y Roy aun ms Have the kids arrived yet? I think so Ya llegaron los nios? Creo que s /as lo creo verbos que usan so de esta manera: be afraid, appear/seem (despus de it), assume, believe, expect, guess, hope, imagine, presume, suppose, suspect, think, say, tell (+ objeto) 7) Maggie has forgotten her keys again. So I see Maggie ha olvidado sus llaves otra vez ya veo 8) as de esta manera Put the tubes in the boxes like so Pon los tubos en las cajas asi The plants are so arranged so that they all get some sun Las plantas estan as ordenadas para que todos reciban algo de sol indicando con las manos: The table is so wide and so long La mesa es as de ancho y as de largo

Hola: Utilizamos ciertos adverbios para intensificar el significado de los adjetivos. Algunos de ellos son: very, too, quite, rather, fairly, so, enough. very (vri) - muy lgicamente very much: literalmente sera 'muy mucho' aunque sera mejor traducido mas figuradamente, 'muchsimo'. so (su) - tan too (tch) - demasiado quite (kuit) - bastante, completamente pretty (prti) - bastante fairly (frli) - bastante somewhat (sm-wat) - algo; un tanto rather (rder) - bastante; algo, un poco a little (a ltl) - un poco enough (inf) - suficiente(mente) such (sch) - tal / tales / tan Algunos ejemplos: very intelligent - muy inteligente so intelligent - tan inteligente too intelligent - demasiado inteligente (indica exceso) quite good - bastante bueno pretty nice - bastante lindo fairly new - bastante nuevo somewhat confused - algo confundido rather expensive - bastante caro a little surprised - un poco sorprendido old enough - suficientemente mayor such interesting people - personas tan interesantes