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CS/APR2010/QMT500

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA FINAL EXAMINATION

COURSE COURSE CODE EXAMINATION TIME

STATISTICS FOR ENGINEERING QMT500 APRIL 2010 3 HOURS

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES 1. 2. 3. This question paper consists of five (5) questions. Answer ALL questions in the Answer Booklet. Start each question on a new page. Do not bring any material into the examination room unless permission is given by the invigilator. Please i) ii) iii) iv) check to make sure that this examination pack consists of: the Question Paper an Answer Booklet - provided by the Faculty a two - page Appendix 1 (Key Formulas) Statistical Table - provided by the Faculty

4.

DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO

This examination paper consists of 6 printed pages
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CONFIDENTIAL QUESTION 1 a)

CS/APR 2010/QMT500

An integrated circuit manufacturer produces wafers that contain 20 chips. Each chip has a probability of 0.085 of not being placed quite correctly on the wafer. i) Find the probability that a wafer contains at least three incorrectly placed chips. (2 marks) What is the probability that a wafer contains no more than one incorrectly placed chips on a wafer? (2 marks) What is the expected number of incorrectly placed chips on a wafer? (1 mark)

ii)

iii)

b)

The number of cracks in a ceramic tile has a Poisson distribution with mean 2.4. i) What is the probability that a ceramic tile has no crack? (2 marks) ii) What is the probability that a ceramic tile has four or more cracks? (1 mark) iii) If five ceramic tiles are checked, what is the probability that there are at least cracks on them? (2 marks)

c)

The resistance of one meter copper cable at a certain temperature is normally distributed with mean 23.8 ohm and standard deviation 1.1314 ohm. i) What is the probability that a one-meter segment of copper cable has a resistance between 24.2 and 24.5 ohm? (3 marks) th What is the 95 percentile of the resistance? (3 marks) If a sample of ten copper cables is taken randomly, what is the probability that its sample mean will have resistance more than 24 ohm? (4 marks)

ii)

iii)

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CONFIDENTIAL QUESTION 2

CS/APR2010/QMT500

The breaking strengths of 11 bundles of wool fibres have a sample mean 436.5, and a sample standard deviation 11.90. In addition, the breaking strengths of another 12 bundles of synthetic fibres have a sample mean 452.8 and a sample standard deviation 4.61. Assume the breaking strengths of the two populations are normally distributed with unequal variances. a) Construct a 95% confidence interval on the mean difference of breaking strengths between wool fibres and synthetic fibres. Explain your answer. (6 marks) Construct a 99% confidence interval for the mean of breaking strengths for wool fibres. (4 marks) Test at 5% level of significance whether the assumption that the two populations have unequal variances is true. (6 marks) Construct a 95% confidence interval on the variance of breaking strengths for synthetic fibres. (4 marks)

b)

c)

d)

QUESTION 3 a) The following ANOVA table is based on information obtained from four samples selected from four independent populations that are normally distributed with equal variances. Source of variation Treatment Error Total i) ii) Degrees of freedom a 15 18 Sum of Squares b c d Mean Square e 9.2154 F statistic F = 4.07

Find the missing values a, b, c, d, and e to complete the ANOVA table. Using a = 0.05 test the hypothesis that the means of the four populations are equal. (8 marks)

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CONFIDENTIAL b)

CS/APR2010/QMT500

The analysis of variance table for a 2x3 factorial experiment, factor A at two levels and factor B at three levels, with five observations per treatment is shown in the table below. Source of variation A B AB Error Total i) ii) Degrees of freedom Sum of Squares 1.14 2.58 0.49 8.41 Mean Square F statistic

Complete the above ANOVA table. Do the data provide sufficient evidence to indicate an interaction between factors A and B? Test at 5% significance level. What is the practical implication of your answer? (12 marks)

QUESTION 4 a) Many engineering students are having problems in data analysis using a statistical software. A professor who teaches statistics for engineering course offered a two-day workshop on this topic. The following table gives the test scores of seven engineering students before and after they attended the workshop. Before After 56 62 69 73 48 44 74 85 65 71 71 70 58 69

Test at 5% significance level whether attending the workshop increases the test score in engineering statistics course. (7 marks) b) The following table gives a two-way classification of 400 randomly selected people based on their status as a smoker or non-smoker and the number of visits they made to their doctors last year. Number of visits to the doctor >5 2-4 60 75 40 90

Status

Smoker Non-smoker

0-1 25 110

Test at 5% significance level whether there is an association between status and number of visits to the doctor for all people. (7 marks)

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CS/APR 2010/QMT500

c)

The scores of 100 students who sat for an aptitude test before being admitted to the engineering college in a particular year are shown in the following table.

Scores X<175 175<X<180 180<X<185 185<X<190 190<X<195 195<X<200 X>200

Frequency 2 15 29 25 12 10 7

Perform a goodness of fit analysis at 5% significance level to determine whether a normal distribution with mean 180 and standard deviation 10 is an adequate model for the data. Given: P(175 < X < 180) = P(180 < X < 185) = 0.1915 P(185 < X <190) = 0.1498 P(190 < X < 195) = 0.0919 P ( 1 9 5 < X < 200) = 0.04405 (6 marks)

QUESTION 5 a) Fill in the blanks with the correct terms for the following statements. i) A is a measurement used to describe the strength of the relationship between two variables. is equal to the population mean.

ii) The expected value of the

Hi) A is the value that separates between the acceptance region and the rejection region. iv) The number of paint spots per 500 meter square wall is an example of a random variable.

v) If the p value is greater than the level of significance a, then the researcher should the null hypothesis at level a. (5 marks)

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CONFIDENTIAL b)

CS/APR2010/QMT500

An auto manufacturing company wanted to investigate how the price of one of its car models depreciates with age. The research department at the company took a sample of eight cars of this model and collected the following information on the ages (in years) and prices (in RM'OOO) of these cars. Age Price i) 8 18 3 94 6 50 9 21 2 145 5 42 6 36 3 99

Find the sample correlation coefficient between the age and the price of the car. Comment on the value obtained. (3 marks) Taking age as the independent variable and price of the car as the dependent variable, find the estimated least squares regression line for the above data. Interpret the slope of the line in the context of the problem. (2 marks) Find the coefficient of determination and interpret the value. (2 marks) Do the data provide sufficient evidence to indicate that price of a car is linearly related to its age? Test at 1% level of significance. (8 marks)

ii)

iii) iv)

END OF QUESTION PAPER

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APPENDIX 1(1) KEY FORMULAS p(x) = P(X = x) =

CS/APR2010/QMT500

Binomial probability formula

p x ( 1 - p ) n - x ; x = 0, 1 2, .. .., n

Poisson probability formula

p(x) = P(X = x) = ^ t - ; x = 0, 1, 2 x! CONFIDENCE INTERVALS

Parameter & description Mean p, of a normal distribution, variance o 2 unknown

Two-sided (1 - oc)100% confidence interval

S

x t a/2

V n "

df = n - 1

Difference in means of two normal distributions u,i - u.2, variances Oi2 = a22 and unknown

(x1-x2)ta/2sp

+ ; V n i n2

df = n1 + n 2 - 2 ,

sp =

(n1-1)s12+(n2-1)s22 n-] + n 2 - 2

Difference in means of two normal distributions (i-i - u,2, variances o / * o 2 2 and unknown
df_

J
dt
a/2

2
n

2 2

"1

(s12/n1+S22/n2) ( s i 2 / n i f , (s 2 2 /n 2 ) n-i - 1 n2 - 1

Mean difference of two normal distributions for paired samples, [^ Variance a of a normal distribution

df = n - 1 where n is no. of pairs

Vn".
f \ df = n - 1

(n-l)s2
Xa/2

(n-l)s2
^1-a/2

Ratio of the variances ci2lc22 of two normal distributions

% 2 1 S-| i 2 F r S2 a/2;vi,V2

* 2 s^ 2 l ~a/2;v2,vi S2

vi = ni - 1, v2 = n 2 - 1

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APPENDIX 1(2)

CS/APR2010/QMT500

HYPOTHESIS TESTING Null Hypothesis H 0 : n = |io a2 unknown H 0 : u.1 - n2 = D a-i2 = a22 and unknown
tcalc =

Test statistic
; df = n - 1

s (x1-x2)-D .
tcalc i >

1 + -1 n-| n 2
df = n-i + n 2 - 2 , sp (n1-1)s12+(n2-1)s22

n-\ +n 2 - 2
(x1-x2)-D
|S1_

Ho : Ri - H2 = D variances of * a22 and unknown

^calc

I7~2 ni

0
+

S ^

n-

d f

(si2/ni+s22/n2) si2/nij n-| - 1

|

(s2 2 /n 2 J

n2 - 1

H 0 : Ud = D
H:alc

d-D

df = n - 1 where n is no. of pairs

H 0 : a2 = a 0 2 (or a = a0)

2 (n-l)s , X C aic=^ r

Hf

_n , df-n-1

HQ

: (Ti - a 2 '

. _ 2 _

caic=^r;

v1 = n 1 - 1 , v 2 = n 2 - 1

TESTING SIGNIFICANCE OF REGRESSION (Analysis of Variance approach)

Total sum of squares SSY=(yi-y)2=Iy2i=1

i=1 Vi=1

Regression sum of squares

SSR = l ( y i - y ) 2 = p 1 S xy
i=l

(n where S^ = I > i V i
i=1 1=1 ;

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